Bara antiruliu(stabilizatoare)

Este prinsa de sasiu in partea centrala si de rotile aceleiasi osii la extremitati. Aceasta bara
se deformeaza elastic doar atunci cand apare o diferenta de inaltime intre rotile aceleiasi osii,
asa cum se intampla – de exemplu – in curbe.
Actiunea ei depinde de rigiditate si dimensiuni. O bara antiruliu prea rigida va diminiua
confortul, dar va ameliora capacitatile dinamice ale masinii. Daca bara antiruliu va fi prea
rigida pe fata masina va avea tendinta sub-viratorie, adica masina tinde in curbe sa pastreze
deplasarea spre inainte si sa nu “asculte” comanda soferului. Daca bara antiruliu va fi prea
rigida pe spate, masina va avea o tendinta opusa, supra-viratorie, adica masina va accentua
manevra de virare executata de sofer.
Prin urmare, masinile sportive vor avea bare antiruliu extrem de rigide, in timp ce la
masinile care trebuie sa se deplaseze in teren accidentat (SUV) acestea pot chiar lipsi,
intregul efort fiind preluat de suspensii.
 Capitolul 1: Modelare

Dupa ce am pornit programul de modelare CATIA V5, intram in meniul de

programare Start – Mechanical Design – Part Design, ca in figura 1 de mai jos:

Figura 1.Intrarea in meniul CATIA

Modelarea piesei.
Primul punct de pe axa barei se creeaza prin comanda Point , Point type:
coordinates; se introduc coordonatele X=0, Y=0, Z=0, OK, ca in figura 2 de mai jos:
 Figura 2.Creearea primului punct de pe axa barei cu originea in sistemul de
coordonate

Cel de-al doilea punct de pe axa barei se creeaza tot prin comanda Point , Point
type: coordinates; se introduc coordonatele X=0, Y=400, Z=0, OK, ca in figura 3 de
mai jos:

Figura 3.Creearea celui de-al doilea punct de pe axa barei

Cel de-al treilea punct de pe axa barei se creeaza tot prin comanda Point , Point
type: coordinates; se introduc coordonatele X=0, Y=500, Z=100, OK, ca in figura 4
de mai jos:
 Figura 4.Creearea celui de-al treilea punct de pe axa barei
Cel de-al patrulea punct de pe axa barei se creeaza tot prin comanda Point , Point
type: coordinates; se introduc coordonatele X=-100, Y=600, Z=200, OK, ca in figura
5 de mai jos:

Figura 5.Creearea celui de-al patrulea punct de pe axa barei

Cel de-al cincilea punct de pe axa barei se creeaza tot prin comanda Point , Point
type: coordinates; se introduc coordonatele X=-125, Y=700, Z=200, OK, ca in figura
6 de mai jos:
 Figura 6.Creearea celui de-al cincilea punct de pe axa barei

Dupa crearea celor doua puncte, vom crea axa barei prin comanda Line ,
Line type: Point-Point,selectand primul punct(del din originea sistemului de
coordonta)Point1: Point.1,si apoi cel de-al doilea Point 2: Point.2), OK, ca in figura 7
de mai jos:
 Figura 6.Creearea axei barei

Unind rand pe rand doua cate dou 2puncte va rezulta in final axa barei antiruliu:

Figura 7.Axa barei antiruliu

Dupa ce a fost creata axa barei se revine la meniul de programare Start – Mechanical
Design – Wireframe and Surface Design,ca in figura 8:
 Figura 8.Intrarea in meniul Wireframe and Surface Design

Cu ajutorul comenzii Corner - Corner On Suport,se realizeaza

racordarile,respectiv razele de racordare intre 2 linii,selectand prima linie si apoi ce-a
dea doua si bifand casutele Trim element 1 si Trim element 1, ca in figura 9:
 Figura 9.Crearea razelor de racordare
Dupa realizarea tuturor razelor de racordare se se revine la meniul de programare
Start – Mechanical Design – Part Design si se intra in modulul Sketcher
(Sketcher => zx plane),unde se deseneaza 2 cercuri cu ajutorul modulului Circle
,unul cu diametru de 25,4 mm si altul cu diametru de 31,75 mm,ce reprezinta
sectiunea si grosimea barei,ca in figura 10:

Figura 10.Crearea celor 2 cercuri in modulul Sketcher

 Apoi,se iese din din modulul Sketcher ,cu ajutorul comenzii Exit
workbench ,se selecteaza cu ajutorul comenzii Rib , axa barei,Profile:
Sketch.1 (Cercurile barei), Center curve: Corner.3 (Racordarile barei), OK,ca in
figura 11:

Figura 10.Crearea unei jumatati a barei

Celalata jumatate a barei se realizeaza folosind comanda Mirror ,fata de planul

zx,rezultand bara antirului ca in figura 11:

Figura 11.Bara antiruliu

 Urmatorul pas va fi aplicarea materialului,cu ajutorul comenzii Apply Material

. Piesei noastre ii corespunde otelul. Vom pune materialul pe Part Body,se da

click pe ok. (fig.12) si apoi salvam.

Figura 12.Aplicarea materialului pe piesa

Analiza Statica

Piesa fiind gata pentru analiza vom merge in modulul de analiza prin urmatorii pasi:
Start => Analysis & Simulation => Generative Structural Analysis(figura13)
si alegem partea de analiza Static Analysis(figura14).

Figura 13.Intrarea in meniul Generative Structural Analysis

 Figura 14.Intrarea in meniul Static Analysis

Constrangerile impuse modelului se definesccu ajutorul comenzii: Clamp ,

Name: Clamp.1, Supports: 1 Face selectarea unei suprafete de incastrare a barei,
OK. Selectarea trebuie sa arate ca in figura de mai jos:

Figura 15.Incastrarea barei

Incarcarea modelului se materializeaza printr-o forta axiala de 5000 N, distribuita

pe bratele barei (suprafata fara constrangeri): Distributed Force Supports: 2
Faces selectarea fetei de rezemare a barei, fara constrangeri; Force vector: X: 5000,
Y: 0N, Z: 0N, OK,ca in figura:
 Figura 15.Incarcarea barei cu forte
Rezolvarea modelului se realizeaza automat de catre soft: Compute , All, OK.
Computation Resources Estimation, Yes.

Cu ajutorul comenzii Von Mises Stress vom purea vedea deformatiile.

 Pentru a vedea animatia de deformare vom activa comanda Animate .

Raportul general il putem vedea prin urmatorii pasi:

Tools => Generate Raport.

Analysis1
MESH:

Entity Size
Nodes 151869
Elements 79626

ELEMENT TYPE:

Connectivity Statistics
TE10 79626 ( 100,00% )
ELEMENT QUALITY:

Criterion Good Poor Bad Worst Average

Stretch 79626 ( 100,00% ) 0 ( 0,00% ) 0 ( 0,00% ) 0,342 0,629
Aspect Ratio 71049 ( 89,23% ) 8576 ( 10,77% ) 1 ( 0,00% ) 5,136 1,919

Materials.1

Material Steel
Young's modulus 2e+011N_m2
Poisson's ratio 0,266
Density 7860kg_m3
Coefficient of thermal expansion 1,17e-005_Kdeg
Yield strength 2,5e+008N_m2

Static Case
Boundary Conditions
 Figure 1

STRUCTURE Computation

Number of nodes : 151869  

Number of elements : 79626  
Number of D.O.F. : 455607  
Number of Contact relations : 0 
Number of Kinematic relations : 0 

Parabolic tetrahedron : 79626  

RESTRAINT Computation

Name: Restraints.1

Number of S.P.C : 65613

LOAD Computation
 Name: Loads.1

Applied load resultant :

Fx = 5 . 000e+003  N
Fy = -2 . 663e-009  N
Fz = -4 . 027e-008  N
Mx = -2 . 537e-008  Nxm
My = 1 . 000e+003  Nxm
Mz = 2 . 822e-007  Nxm

STIFFNESS Computation

Number of lines : 455607    

Number of coefficients : 16324029    
Number of blocks : 33    
Maximum number of coefficients per bloc : 499999    
Total matrix size : 188 . 55  Mb

SINGULARITY Computation

Restraint: Restraints.1

Number of local singularities : 0 

Number of singularities in translation : 0 
Number of singularities in rotation : 0 
Generated constraint type : MPC  

CONSTRAINT Computation

Restraint: Restraints.1

Number of constraints : 65613  

Number of coefficients : 0 
Number of factorized constraints : 65613  
Number of coefficients : 0 
Number of deferred constraints : 0 

FACTORIZED Computation

Method :  SPARSE  
Number of factorized degrees : 389994    
Number of supernodes : 7343    
Number of overhead indices : 1254390    
 Number of coefficients : 110115024    
Maximum front width : 1518    
Maximum front size : 1152921    
Size of the factorized matrix (Mb) : 840 . 111  
Number of blocks : 56    
Number of Mflops for factorization : 5 . 558e+004  
Number of Mflops for solve : 4 . 424e+002  
Minimum relative pivot : 3 . 828e-003  

Minimum and maximum pivot

Value Dof Node x (mm) y (mm) z (mm)

5.6200e+006 Tx 81572 -1.4304e+001 -1.7002e+002 -3.4027e-003
5.1859e+009 Tz 77244 -8.9203e+001 5.7231e+002 1.7952e+002

Minimum pivot

Value Dof Node x (mm) y (mm) z (mm)

6.1997e+006 Tz 116593 -7.3497e+000 1.7023e+002 -1.0357e+001
7.6480e+006 Tx 151754 -1.3385e+002 -6.9779e+002 2.1100e+002
7.8905e+006 Tz 38017 -4.1534e-001 -4.8121e+002 5.8769e+001
9.4008e+006 Ty 38017 -4.1534e-001 -4.8121e+002 5.8769e+001
1.1089e+007 Tz 81572 -1.4304e+001 -1.7002e+002 -3.4027e-003
1.2566e+007 Ty 116593 -7.3497e+000 1.7023e+002 -1.0357e+001
1.4869e+007 Tz 21250 -4.4435e+001 -5.3587e+002 1.5382e+002
1.4912e+007 Tz 151754 -1.3385e+002 -6.9779e+002 2.1100e+002
1.9844e+007 Tx 116593 -7.3497e+000 1.7023e+002 -1.0357e+001

Translational pivot distribution

Value Percentage
10.E6 --> 10.E7 1.2821e-003
10.E7 --> 10.E8 2.6411e-002
10.E8 --> 10.E9 6.1268e+001
10.E9 --> 10.E10 3.8704e+001
 DIRECT METHOD Computation

Name: Static Case Solution.1

Restraint: Restraints.1

Load: Loads.1

Strain Energy : 2.247e+001 J

Equilibrium

Applied Relative
Components Reactions Residual
Forces Magnitude Error
Fx (N) 5.0000e+003 -5.0000e+003 5.3726e-007 2.9954e-010
Fy (N) -2.6635e-009 -1.8425e-007 -1.8691e-007 1.0421e-010
Fz (N) -4.0274e-008 2.0497e-007 1.6469e-007 9.1823e-011
Mx (Nxm) -2.5373e-008 -6.2421e-008 -8.7794e-008 6.9545e-011
My (Nxm) 1.0000e+003 -1.0000e+003 1.3779e-007 1.0915e-010
Mz (Nxm) 2.8216e-007 4.0153e-008 3.2231e-007 2.5531e-010

Static Case Solution.1 - Deformed mesh.1

 Figure 2

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Static Case Solution.1 - Von Mises stress (nodal values).2

 Figure 3

3D elements: : Components: : All

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Global Sensors

Sensor Name Sensor Value

Energy 22,474J
Global Error Rate (%) 4,870762348

Analysis1

MESH:

Entity Size
Nodes 151836
Elements 79610
ELEMENT TYPE:

Connectivity Statistics
TE10 79610 ( 100,00% )

ELEMENT QUALITY:

Criterion Good Poor Bad Worst Average

Stretch 79610 ( 100,00% ) 0 ( 0,00% ) 0 ( 0,00% ) 0,348 0,629
Aspect Ratio 70955 ( 89,13% ) 8655 ( 10,87% ) 0 ( 0,00% ) 4,750 1,921

Materials.1

Material Steel
Young's modulus 2e+011N_m2
Poisson's ratio 0,266
Density 7860kg_m3
Coefficient of thermal expansion 1,17e-005_Kdeg
Yield strength 2,5e+008N_m2

Free Frequency Case

Boundary Conditions
 Figure 1

STRUCTURE Computation

Number of nodes : 151836  

Number of elements : 79610  
Number of D.O.F. : 455508  
Number of Contact relations : 0 
Number of Kinematic relations : 0 

Parabolic tetrahedron : 79610  

STRUCTURAL MASS Computation

Name: StructuralMassSet.1

Number of lines : 455508    

Number of coefficients : 16320537    
Number of blocks : 33    
Maximum number of coefficients per bloc : 499999    
Total matrix size : 188 . 51  Mb

Structural mass : 3.609e+000 kg

Inertia center coordinates

Xg : -2 . 449e+001  mm
Yg : 2 . 445e-004  mm
Zg : 6 . 489e+001  mm

Inertia tensor at origin: kgxm2

6.787e-001 1.199e-008 1.625e-002

1.199e-008 4.613e-002 -5.035e-008
1.625e-002 -5.035e-008 6.495e-001

Name: Computed Masses.1

Number of lines : 455508    

Number of coefficients : 455508    
Number of blocks : 1   
Maximum number of coefficients per bloc : 455508    
Total matrix size : 6 . 95  Mb

Additionnal mass : 0.000e+000 kg

Inertia center coordinates

Xg : 0 . 000e+000  mm
Yg : 0 . 000e+000  mm
Zg : 0 . 000e+000  mm

Inertia tensor at origin: kgxm2

0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0.
 STIFFNESS Computation

Number of lines : 455508    

Number of coefficients : 16320537    
Number of blocks : 33    
Maximum number of coefficients per bloc : 499999    
Total matrix size : 188 . 51  Mb

STIFFNESS-SHIFT Computation

Number of lines : 455508    

Number of coefficients : 16320537    
Number of blocks : 33    
Maximum number of coefficients per bloc : 499999    
Total matrix size : 188 . 51  Mb

SINGULARITY Computation

No Restraint

Number of local singularities : 0 

Number of singularities in translation : 0 
Number of singularities in rotation : 0 
Generated constraint type : MPC  

CONSTRAINT Computation

No Restraint

Number of constraints : 0 
Number of factorized constraints : 0  
Number of deferred constraints : 0  

FACTORIZED Computation

Method :  SPARSE  
Number of factorized degrees : 455508    
Number of supernodes : 7973    
Number of overhead indices : 1522935    
Number of coefficients : 146013156    
Maximum front width : 1629    
Maximum front size : 1327635    
Size of the factorized matrix (Mb) : 1113 . 99  
 Number of blocks : 74    
Number of Mflops for factorization : 8 . 590e+004  
Number of Mflops for solve : 5 . 863e+002  
Minimum relative pivot : 1 . 736e-005  

Minimum and maximum pivot

Value Dof Node x (mm) y (mm) z (mm)

1.1740e+004 Tx 151836 -1.2740e+002 -6.6550e+002 2.0685e+002
5.1672e+009 Tz 83562 -1.4301e+001 2.7455e+002 -3.6855e-003

Minimum pivot

Value Dof Node x (mm) y (mm) z (mm)

1.7360e+004 Tz 151836 -1.2740e+002 -6.6550e+002 2.0685e+002
1.7612e+004 Ty 151836 -1.2740e+002 -6.6550e+002 2.0685e+002
2.0854e+005 Tz 151835 1.4288e+001 3.5545e+002 -1.1121e-003
2.3576e+005 Tz 151664 -5.0487e+001 -5.5349e+002 1.3272e+002
2.7609e+005 Tz 75542 -4.8945e+000 -5.0039e+002 1.1727e+002
3.2137e+005 Tx 151664 -5.0487e+001 -5.5349e+002 1.3272e+002
4.6047e+005 Tx 75542 -4.8945e+000 -5.0039e+002 1.1727e+002
2.7109e+006 Tz 38570 1.2542e+001 -4.5164e+002 4.8815e+001
2.9715e+006 Ty 151835 1.4288e+001 3.5545e+002 -1.1121e-003

Translational pivot distribution

Value Percentage
10.E4 --> 10.E5 6.5861e-004
10.E5 --> 10.E6 1.0977e-003
10.E6 --> 10.E7 1.3172e-003
10.E7 --> 10.E8 3.2711e-002
10.E8 --> 10.E9 6.9188e+001
10.E9 --> 10.E10 3.0777e+001
 FREQUENCY Computation

Frequency: Frequency Case Solution.1

Mass: Masses.1

Structural mass is taken into account

Total mass : 3.609e+000 kg

Inertia center coordinates

Xg : -2 . 449e+001  mm
Yg : 2 . 445e-004  mm
Zg : 6 . 489e+001  mm

Inertia tensor at inertia center: kgxm2

6.635e-001 -9.619e-009 1.051e-002

-9.619e-009 2.878e-002 6.902e-009
1.051e-002 6.902e-009 6.474e-001

Number of computed modes : 10    

Boundary condition for modes computation :  free  
Number of iterations already performed : 0   
Total Number of iterations performed : 3   
Relative eigenvalues tolerance required : 1 . 000e-003  
Relative eigenvalues tolerance obtained : 1 . 958e-005  

Mode Frequency
Stability
number Hz
1 0.0000e+000 9.8407e-014
2 0.0000e+000 3.8490e-013
3 0.0000e+000 1.0768e-013
4 6.8442e-004 1.2787e-013
 5 8.5753e-004 2.2937e-013
6 1.1310e-003 1.2496e-013
7 6.9742e+001 6.6878e-008
8 1.5209e+002 8.3841e-007
9 1.7539e+002 1.9578e-005
10 1.8512e+002 7.5431e-006

Modal participation :

Frequency Tx Ty Tz Rx Ry Rz
Mode
Hz (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
1 0.0000e+000 52.89 0.98 4.35 0.86 13.13 19.92
2 0.0000e+000 2.62 2.99 60.63 31.66 0.51 0.43
3 0.0000e+000 0.63 95.37 1.47 1.99 0.01 0.46
4 6.8442e-004 5.88 0.02 3.87 23.86 12.93 45.99
5 8.5753e-004 8.27 0.11 24.11 28.25 2.90 32.84
6 1.1310e-003 29.72 0.53 5.56 11.13 32.90 0.03
7 6.9742e+001 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 1.5209e+002 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9 1.7539e+002 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 1.8512e+002 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
  Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 97.76 62.38 99.67

Frequency Case Solution.1 - Deformed mesh.1

Occurrence 1 - Frequency 0Hz

 Figure 2

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 2 - Frequency 0Hz

 Figure 3

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 3 - Frequency 0Hz

 Figure 4

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 4 - Frequency 0,000684424Hz

 Figure 5

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 5 - Frequency 0,000857532Hz

 Figure 6

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 6 - Frequency 0,00113099Hz

 Figure 7

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 7 - Frequency 69,7417Hz

 Figure 8

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 8 - Frequency 152,087Hz

 Figure 9

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 9 - Frequency 175,392Hz

 Figure 10

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Occurrence 10 - Frequency 185,12Hz

 Figure 11

On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model

Global Sensors

Sensor Name Sensor Value

0Hz
0Hz
0Hz
6,844e-004Hz
8,575e-004Hz
Frequency
0,001Hz
69,742Hz
152,087Hz
175,392Hz
185,12Hz