LIMFEDEMUL

PALAMARII LARISA, PROFESOR UNITATE

DE CURS ÎNGRIJIRI PALIATIVE
 LIMFEDEMUL
Limfedemul este acumulare de limfă, în spațiul interstițial, în special în
țesutul subcutanat, produsă de deficiențele sistemului limfatic, care
împiedică menținerea homeostaziei cutanate.
 Localizare:
a. în orice parte a corpului
b. în general la nivelul membrelor si trunchiului subiacent
 CLASIFICARE

Primar (15%) 
 familiale (ereditare)
 sporadice (neereditare )
Secundar (85%) se produc prin obstrucția sau întreruperea căilor
limfatice : tumoră primară, recidive tumorale, metastaze limfatice
tratamentul antineoplazic - chirurgie, radioterapie, traumatisme,
insuficiență venoasă cronică = edem limfovenos.
EXEMPLE LIMFEDEM
 LIMFEDEM STADIALIZARE

Grad 1 ( edem ușor ): ex. limfedemul implica părțile distale ale

01 membrelor, diferența în circumferintă, comparativ cu partea sănătoasă, este
sub 4 cm, alte complicații/ modificări ale țesuturilor nu sunt înca prezente.

Grad 2 (edem moderat ): limfedemul implică întregul membru sau

întregul cadran corespunzător al trunchiului; diferența în circumferință
02 este mai mare de 4 cm dar mai mică de 6 cm, apare godeu, poate apare
erizipel.
LIMFEDEM STADIALIZARE

Grad 3a ( edem sever ): limfedemul este prezent la un membru

+ cadranul de trunchi adiacent; diferența în circumferință este
mai mare de 6 cm, apar keratoza, limfangioame, erizipel
03 recidivant.
Grad 3b ( edem masiv ): aceleași semne ca în stadiul anterior,
doar că sunt afectate două/ mai multe extremități.

Grad 4 ( edem gigant ): extremitățile afectate sunt

04 imense, pot fi implicate și capul, fata.
LIMFEDEM - CARACTERISTICI CLINICE

 Senzație de greutate, tensiune, strângere, disconfort, rigiditate

 Senzație de explodare, daca exista exacerbare acută
 durere - in caz de creștere rapidă - asociere cu infecții, tromboză
venoasă profundă, infiltrare tumorală în căile nervoase, meta osoase
 durere la nivelul articulațiilor adiacente+/-edem
 mobilitate redusă
 caldură locală ( dar nu roseata !)
 Suferința psiho-sociala (afectarea imaginii corporale, problema găsirii
hainelor, incalțămintei
 EVALUARE LIMFEDEM
Evaluarea membrului
 Aria afectată
 Mobilitatea membrului afectat: ridicare, mișcare,
putere
 Condiția tegumentului:
-aspect tegument
-semnul godeului
-infecții
-episoade inflamatorii
-insuficență circulatorie venoasă/ arterială
-compresie nervoasă
EVALUARE PSIHOLOGICA
Cauzele problemelor psihologice:
brațul cu limfedem care amintește de boală
pacienta cu mastectomie, poartă proteză mamară
dificultate în găsirea hainelor pe masură
afectarea imaginii corporale
pierderea încrederii în propria persoană
TRATAMENT PREVENTIV

 Conștientizarea pacientului pentru a evita:

  ridicarea de greutăți
 Constricția pe membrul afectat prin: masurare TA!!!,
 ciorapi, haine neadecvate
 traume termice-caldură, umiditate crescută
 traume prin tăiere, ințepare
 adm. injectabilă a tratamentului sau recoltare sânge!!!
 presiune atmosferică scazută
 INGRIJIREA PIELII
Scop: menținerea tegumentului intact, reducerea riscului de
infecții
●  Ingrijire zilnică:
● spalare cu sapun hidratant
● uscarea cu atenție a membrului, în special zona dintre degete
● aplicare de creme hidratante (fără lanolină!!!)
● protejare împotriva tăieturilor si ințepăturilor
INFORMAȚII PENTRU PACIENȚI!!!!!
 Protejați mâinile la spălat sau grădinărit, folosiți degetar când coaseți !
 după spălare, uscați bine membrul edemațiat +zona dintre degete (infecții fungice)!
 Atenție la tăierea unghiilor – folosiți unghiera!
 Aplicați creme / uleiuri hidratante!
 Anuntați medicul daca apar semne de inflamație!
 evitati activitățile obositoare/ evitați să cărați greutăți/ plase cu mâna afectată
 Evitați ințepăturile (nu lăsați să vi se recolteze sânge din membrul afectat, nu faceși
injecții la acest nivel )!!
 Evitați înțepăturile de insecte (spray)!
 Tratați întepăturile cu antiseptice și antihistaminice!
 nu lăsați să vi se măsoare tensiunea la acest nivel!!
 nu purtați haine prea strâmte, neconfortabile!
 protejati membrul edemațiat de soare (creme)!
COMPRESIE EXTERNA
INAINTE DUPĂ
APRECIEZ ATENȚIA ACORDATĂ

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GOALS
MERCURY
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest one in
the Solar System—it’s only a bit
larger than the Moon
VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name
and is the second planet from
the Sun. It’s hot and has a
poisonous atmosphere
OUR SERVICES

MERCURY VENUS MARS

Mercury is the closest Venus is the second Mars is actually a
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun very cold place

JUPITER SATURN NEPTUNE

Jupiter is the biggest It’s composed of It’s the farthest planet
planet of them all hydrogen and helium from the Sun
A picture is
worth a
thousand
words
 150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 9h 55m 23s
Is Jupiter's rotation period

333,000.000
Earths is the Sun’s mass

386,000 km
Is the distance between Earth and the Moon
SOME NUMBERS

2/20 8/20 4/20

MERCURY VENUS MARS

Mercury is the closest Venus is the second Mars is actually a very
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun cold place
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COMPETITION ANALYSIS

MERCUR NEPTUN
JUPITER
Y E
COMPETI
TOR A
COMPETI
TOR B
COMPETI
TOR C
MARKET SIZE
135M 350M
MARS VENUS
Mars is actually Venus has a
a cold place beautiful name

200M 105M
NEPTUN MERCUR
E
It’s far away
Y
Mercury is a
from Earth small planet
 THIS IS A TIMELINE
Neptune Saturn
It’s the farthest planet Saturn is composed of
from the Sun hydrogen and helium

2004 2007 2015 2020

Jupiter Venus
It’s the biggest planet Venus is the second
in the Solar System planet from the Sun
 THIS IS an infographic

Neptune Saturn
It’s the farthest planet Saturn is composed of
from the Sun hydrogen and helium

Jupiter Venus
It’s the biggest planet Venus is the second
in the Solar System planet from the Sun
MARKET TRENDS
TEAM 1
Mars is actually
40
a cold place %
TEAM 2
Mercury is a
36
small planet %
TEAM 3
Saturn has
24
%
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then
several rings paste the new one here. For more info, click here
CALENDAR
June
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 18 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30 31
Mercury Neptune
TARGET
GENDER HOBBIES
35%

87%

20% 80% DEMOGRAPHICS

PROFESSION: Designer
AGE STATUS: Single
20-30 RELIGION: Christian
31-35 COUNTRY: Spain
ANOTHER INFOGRAPHIC

MERCURY VENUS
Mercury is the closest Venus is the second
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun

JUPITER SATURN
Jupiter is the biggest It’s composed of
planet of them all hydrogen and helium
OUR PLANS

Basic PRO PREMIUM

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Service 1 Service 1 Service 1
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SALES AND DISTRIBUTION
Mercury
01 It’s the closest
planet to the Sun

Mars
02 Mars is a very
cold place

Jupiter
03 Jupiter is a really
big planet
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STATEMENTS
“Mercury is the closest planet “Venus has a beautiful name
to the Sun and the smallest and is the second planet from
one in the Solar System” the Sun. It’s terribly hot”

—Sophia Mckane —RICHARD ROE

“Despite being red, Mars is “Jupiter is the biggest planet

actually a cold place. It’s full in the Solar System. It's also a
of iron oxide dust” huge gas giant”

—DONALD DOE —JENNA MCANN

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
CEO

TEAM 1 TEAM 2

Mercury is a Jupiter is a very Neptune is far Saturn has

small planet big planet from Earth several rings
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