SUBIECTE PENTRU ESEUL PRIVIND O DILEMA ETICA

Eseul are ca tema o dilema etica. O dilema etica este o dilema intre valori morale
(cu privire la bine) si care sunt in conflict. Adica nu stii ce sa alegi pentru a face
bine. Eseul este despre o dilema etica in general sau o dilema etica medicala in
particular.
Ce are de facut autorul eseului?
1. De ales o dilema etica. Cand exista o dilema etica? Atunci cand asupra
moralitatii (a binelui) opiniile celor ce asculta prezentarea dilemei sunt
contrare, opuse.
2. Nu exista o dilema etica cand toata lumea este de acord asupra solutiei. Nu
exista o dilema etica intre bine si rau.
3. Cel care se afla in decizie intr-o dilema etica cauta mereu binele si se
intreaba de partea cui se afla. De asemenea gandeste ca decizia sa sa
corespunda valorilor morale ale majoritatii (ideal pentru toti) si sa nu
produca prin decizia sa injustitie pentru altii.
4. Are de construit o balanta etica expunand cele doua pozitii pe cate un taler
figurativ- punand de o parte valorile morale ale unei pozitii (solutii) si de
alta parte valorile morale ale celeilalte pozitii (solutii). Sa aduca argumente
pro si contra pentru fiecare dintre pozitii (solutii). Sa analizeze si sa faca
decizia intre ele si obligatoriu sa argumenteze decizia sa.
5. Sa ofere credit autorilor si sa le recunoasca meritele indicand referintele
bibliografice de unde a luat datele, ideile ori informatiile pe care le prezinta
ori pe care se bazeaza opiniile sale.
Ce are de evitat?
1. Sa evite sa amestece valorile in discutie: de ex. sa aduca in comparatie o
pozitie legala (valori legale) fata de una morala (valori morale) ca atunci
cand se analizeaza in dilema avortului dreptul la viata al nenascutului vs.
fidelitatea medicului fata de mama (pacienta), ceea ce devine o falsa
dilema. Sau sa prezinte o dilema profesionala privind alegerea unei tehnici
ori metode ori tratament fata de altul.
2. Sa nu uite sa citeze ceea ce preia de la altii
3. Sa nu copieze
1

Cum si cand se depune?

In format scris, se depune la ultima intalnire din decembrie 2013

Lungime?
Libera

Constructie?
Este un eseu argumentativ. Se bazeaza pe argumentatie. Essayer= incercare (fr.).
Se prezinta incercarea autorului de a afla solutia unei dileme etice, dar
obligatoriu argumentata.
Uzual cuprinde:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

prezentarea tezei (aspectul care ar trebui determinat)

contra-argumentare (2-3 argumente contra)
argumentare pro (1 argument)
opinia proprie
argumentatia pro pentru sustine opinia proprie (inca 2-3 argumente pro
diferite).

As prefera sa folositi aceasta constructie, cea uzitata, pentru a invata sa creati o

argumentatie pe teme de etica.

Posibile teme
Puteti alege teme fie din:
1. Curicula de etica medicala facuta la curs sau din cuprinsul cartii de Elemente
de etica medicala, Casa Cartii de Stiinta 2013, GC Curca
2. Teme in discutie de pe internet, media, etc. De ex. este moral ca dra. Angelina
Jolie sa solicite operatia radicala pentru BRCA 1 pozitiv? A starnit o larga discutie
care inca nu s-a stins.

3.Teme din AJOB, American journal of Bioethics o revista de specialitate renumita.

Zecile de teme de mai jos din AJOB sunt DOAR pentru a va da o idee despre ce se
discuta pe teme de bioetica. Puteti sa preluati o astfel de tema sau nu, dupa cum
doriti.
Abstract-ul titlurilor permit intelegerea esentei dilemei si poate oferi o idee de
eseu.
Pe website-ul ajob [http://www.bioethics.net/news/journal-backs-verificationof-cloning-work-in-wake-of-scandal/] se gasesc tag-uri: alegerea oricaruia dupa
interesul autorului care doreste sa scrie eseul, permite deschiderea unor
materiale in extenso sau chiar filme scurte continand prezentari interesante si
lamuritoare cu privire la dilema respectiva.
Vi le recomand: vizualizati 30 minute-1 ora maia multe teme, alegeti o tema si
faceti eseul, nu ar trebui cu documentare cu tot sa dureze mai mult de 1-2 zile.

Weekly News
Stem Cell Research on Donor Eggs Often Kept Confidential 01 Jan 2012 - Many U.S. fertility clinics don't tell
egg donors that embryos made from their eggs may end up being used in stem cell research, according to a new
government survey. #bioethics
Should we erase painful memories? 01 Jan 2012 - "Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind" could soon become a
reality -- but the concept raises some thorny questions. #bioethics
Physicians Group: Weigh Costs In Treating Patients 03 Jan 2012 - There is a lot of debate these days about the
costs of medical care, and the risks. On Monday, the American College of Physicians issued new ethical guidelines
on whether doctors should consider costs when deciding how to treat patients.
Disaster Medicine Dilemmas Examined 03 Jan 2012 - Mass disasters require quick decisions about treatment that
can lead doctors to question whether they made the best medical and ethical choices.
Donors Unaware Their Eggs Could Be Used in Stem Cell Research 04 Jan 2012 - A third of Americans find stem
cell research morally offensive -- but how many have unwittingly contributed to it by giving up eggs? #bioethics
Transplants Bring New Faces In 2011 04 Jan 2012 - Three transplants gave severely injured patients completely
new faces in 2011. Now the doctors involved have revealed details about the complex cases in the New England
Journal of Medicine.

Outcry over disabled girl's transplant care renews eligibility debate 06 Feb 2012 - A
parent's anguished online plea for an organ transplant for her developmentally disabled
daughter and new research on kidney transplantation eligibility among elderly patients have
refocused attention on the vexing decisions that face physicians who determine which patients
are suitable for transplantation
Is money's sweet lure undermining the ethics of new student doctors? 06 Feb 2012 When medical schools' hospitals start adopting separate services for fee-paying patients, the
ethical line in the noble profession is getting blurred. #bioethics
Why Isn't the Public Terrified of Nanotechnology? 07 Feb 2012 - Some conspiracy theorists
are convinced that nanotechnology will destroy the world; at least one person has sent bombs
to professors researching the field. But most people aren't terribly worked up about
nanotechnology. Why not? #bioethics
Why Cognitive Enhancement Is in Your Future (and Your Past) 07 Feb 2012 - Using
technology to enhance our brains sounds terrifying, but using tools to make ourselves smarter
may be part of humans' nature
Humanizing Stem Cell Politics 07 Feb 2012 - As the election season heats up, the issue of
stem cell research and the rights of embryos is once again taking traction. #bioethics
Is it ever ok to hug your doctor? 08 Feb 2012 - To hug or not to hug, that really is the
question. We've all had those awkward moments. Should I go in for the hug? I'm not a hugger,
what should I do? What about in the medical setting? Is it ever OK to hug your doctor?
U.S. begins stem cell trial for hearing loss 08 Feb 2012 - U.S. researchers have begun a
groundbreaking trial to test the potential of umbilical cord blood transplants, a kind of stem cell
therapy, to treat and possibly reverse hearing loss in infants. #bioethics
Patient Communication Study Shows Doctors Regularly Withhold Truth 08 Feb 2012 - If
you think your doctor is hiding something from you, you might be right. #bioethics
Beyond DSM-5, Psychiatry Needs a "Third Way" 09 Feb 2012 - Both the psychiatric
profession and the general public have strong feelings about the pending DSM-5-what many in
the media like to call "Psychiatry's Bible." #bioethics
Cancer trial participants may have misconceptions10 Feb 2012 - People enrolled in early
stage trials for possible cancer treatments may underestimate the risks involved and
overestimate the potential benefits. #bioethics

this edition's featured journal:

AJOB
Volume 13
Issue 10
Special
Section
What Does
the Duty to
Warn
Require?
Seema K.
Shah, Sara
Chandros Hull,
Michael A.
Spinner,
Benjamin E.
Berkman, Lauren A. Sanchez, Ruquyyah Abdul-Karim,
Amy P. Hsu, Reginald Claypool & Steven M. Holland
Should Researchers Disclose Results to
Descendants?
Mark A. Rothstein
Relationships Matter: Ethical Considerations for
Returning Results to Family Members of Deceased
Subjects
Lauren C. Milner, Emily Y. Liu & Nanibaa A.
Garrison
Managing Disclosure of Research Misconduct by a
Graduate Student to a University Mental Health
Professional During a Clinical Counseling Session
Holly A. Taylor & Benjamin S. Wilfond
A Systems-Level Approach to Resolve Tension
between Research Misconduct and Confidentiality
Walter Limehouse
Let Therapists Be Therapists, Not Police
Paul S. Appelbaum
Why Misconduct Trumps PatientTherapist
Confidentiality and Ways to Avoid the Disclosure
Dilemma
Nicholas H. Steneck

this edition's featured journal:

AJOB
Volume 13
Issue 10
Editorial
Critically
Appraising
Prenatal
Genetic
Diagnosis to
Prevent
Disorders of
Sexual
Development:
An
Opportunity
Missed
Laurence B. McCullough
Target Article
Sports Medicine and Ethics
Daniela Testoni, Christoph P. Hornik, P. Brian Smith,
Daniel K. Benjamin Jr. & Ross E. McKinney Jr.
Open Peer Commentary
Athletes Are Guinea Pigs
Nancy M. P. King & Richard Robeson
Concussion in Sports Medicine Ethics: Policy,
Epistemic and Ethical Problems
Mike McNamee & Brad Partridge
From Sports Ethics to Labor Relations
Ishan Dasgupta & Dan OConnor
If You Can't Walk the Walk, Do You Have to Talk
the Talk: Ethical Considerations for the Emerging
Field of Sports Genomics
Dov Greenbaum
Prescription for Sports Medicine and Ethics
Pam R. Sailors, Sarah Teetzel & Charlene Weaving
Professional Codes of Ethics as Leading
Benchmarks?
Charles Marsan
Do Conflicts of Interest Create a New Professional
Norm? Physical Therapists and Workers
6

Compensation
Maude Lalibert & Anne Hudon
this week's featured journal:
Target Article
Gender Eugenics? The Ethics of PGD for Intersex
Conditions
Robert Sparrow
Open Peer Commentary
Queer Liberation, Not Elimination: Why Selecting
Against Intersex is Not Straight Forward
Jason Behrmann & Vardit Ravitsky
PGD and Parental Obligations: What Parents Owe
to Communities That Do Not Yet Exist
Chelsea Haramia
On the Inseparability of Gender Eugenics, Ethics,
and Public Policy: An Israeli Perspective
Miriam Bentwich
The Limits of Procreative Liberty
Felice Marshall
Informed Choice and PGD to Prevent Intersex
Conditions
Jeff Nisker
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Intersex
Conditions: Beyond Parental Decision Making
Kristina Gupta & Sara M. Freeman
The Social Costs of Preempting Intersex Traits
Georgiann Davis
The Ethics of PGD for Intersex Conditions:
Problems With the Diversity Argument
David Trafimow
For the Sake of Normality? Medical Indication,
Social Justification, and the Welfare of Children
Diana Aurenque & Hans-Jrg Ehni
Gender Eugenics Between Medicine, Culture, and
Society
Vincent Couture, Rgen Drouin, Anne-Sophie Ponsot,
Frdrique Duplain-Laferrire & Chantal Bouffard
7

this week's featured journal:

AJOB
Volume 13
Issue 9
Editorial
Vaccine
Mandates Are
Justifiable
Because We
Are All in
This Together
John D. Lantos
& Mary Anne
Jackson

Ethics of
Clinical Science in a Public Health Emergency:
Drug Discovery at the Bedside
Sarah J. L. Edwards
Open Peer Commentary
The Value of Sound Research Practices Even Facing
Pandemics
Abigail B. Shoben Abigail B. Shoben
Is the Precautionary Principle Adaptable to
Emergency Scenarios to Speed Up Research,
Risking the Individual Informed Consent?
Margarita Gonzalvo-Cirac, Mara Victoria Roqu,
Ferran Fuertes, Mauricio Pacheco Ignacio Segarra
A Free-Market Approach to Clinical Data
Gathering Is More Ethical
Michael Keane
Public Health Emergencies: Research's Friend or
Foe?
Stephanie Solomon
Issues in the Use of Stepped Wedge Cluster and
Alternative Designs in the Case of Pandemics
Ingeborg van der Tweel Rieke van der Graaf
Do Commercial Interests Impact Clinical Science
During a Public Health Emergency?
Valerie Delva
8

Ethics of Clinical Science in a Public Health

Emergency: Reflections on the Role of Research
Ethics Boards
Carlo Petrini
An Ethical Analysis of Mandatory Influenza
Vaccination of Health Care Personnel:
Implementing Fairly and Balancing Benefits and
Burdens
Armand H. Matheny Antommaria
Open Peer Commentary
The Case for Mandatory Flu Vaccination of
Children
Ben Bambery, Michael Selgelid, Hannah Maslen,
Andrew J. Pollard & Julian Savulescu
Guidance From Vaccination Jurisprudence
Michael R. Ulrich
Before the Mandate: Cultivating an Organizational
Culture of Trust and Integrity
Joshua E. Perry
Exemptions From Influenza Vaccinations for
Health Care Personnel Based on Self or Identity
Issues: Are They Justified?
David Trafimow
Evidence and Ethics in Mandatory Vaccination
Policies
Jason L. Schwartz
Mandatory Influenza Vaccination: How Far to Go
and Whom to Target Without Evidence?
Jean-Christophe Blisle Pipon & Marjolaine Frenette
Professional Solidarity: The Case of Influenza
Immunization
Maritte van den Hoven & Marcel Verweij
How the Weight of the Ethical Arguments Depends
on the Empirical Facts
Georg Marckmann, Anna M. Sanktjohanser & Sabine
Wicker
Applying Kass's Public Health Ethics Framework to
Mandatory Health Care Worker Immunization:
The Devil is in the Details
Saad B. Omer

Rebuttal to Jason Manne re Dangerous Catholic

Attack on POLST
Thaddeus Mason Pope

Rebuttal to Jason Manne re Dangerous Catholic

Attack on POLST
Thaddeus Mason Pope

this week's featured journal:

AJOB
Volume 13
Issue 8
Editorial
Global Aging
and the
Allocation of
Health Care
Across the
Life Span
Norman
Daniels
Target
Articles
Justice Between Age Groups: An Objection to the
Prudential Lifespan Approach
Nancy S. Jecker
Treating Patients as Persons: A Capabilities
Approach to Support Delivery of Person-Centered
Care
Vikki A. Entwistle & Ian S. Watt

Rape And Abortion: Negating A Myth

Sabine Hildebrandt, M.D.
William Seidelman, M.D.
Arthur Caplan, Ph.D.

10

Dangerous Catholic Attack on POLST

Thaddeus Mason Pope, J.D. Ph.D.
In Response to Professor Thaddeus Popes article
Dangerous Catholic Attack on the POLST?
Jason W. Manne, J.D., Dr.PH
Pride in A Health Care System
Craig Klugman, Ph.D.
Doctors Who Torture: Why No Punishment?
Maurice Bernstein, M.D.
this week's featured journal:

AJOB
Neuroscience
Volume 4 Issue 3
Editorial
Values at the
Crossroads of
Neurology,
Psychiatry, and
Psychology
Paul J. Ford
Target Articles
Silos of Silence,
Stress, and
Suffering:
Patient and Physician Experiences of MUPS and
Diagnostic Uncertainty
Chlo G. K. Atkins, Keith Brownell, Jude Kornelsen,
Robert Woollard & Andrea Whiteley
Attitudes on Mind Over Matter: Physician Views on
the Role of Placebo in Psychogenic Disorders
Karen S. Rommelfanger
Half Someone Else's: Discourse and Trauma in the
PNES Patient
Lauren Boehm
Faces of Fatigue: Ethical Considerations on the
Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Smaranda Ene

11

Addiction: Current Criticism of the Brain Disease

Paradigm
Rachel Hammer, Molly Dingel, Jenny Ostergren, Brad
Partridge, Jennifer McCormick & Barbara A. Koenig

this week's featured journal:

AJOB Volum
e 13
Issue 7
Editorial
Overthrowing
the
Tyranny of
the Journal
Impact
Factor
David Magnus
Target
Articles
Ethical and Professional Considerations Providing
Medical Evaluation and Care to Refugee Asylum
Seekers
Ramin Asgary & Clyde L. Smith
Prohibition or Coffee Shops: Regulation of
Amphetamine and Methylphenidate for
Enhancement Use by Healthy Adults
Veljko Dubljevi

A Tale of Two (or Three) States

Kayhan Parsi, JD, PhD

12

this week's featured journal:

AJOB Volume 13
Issue 6
Editorial
The Oys of
Yiddish
Paul Root Wolpe
Target Articles
Nudging and
Informed Consent
Shlomo Cohen
Toward a More Stable Blood Supply: Charitable
Incentives,
Donation Rates, and the Experience of September
11
Reuben G. Sass
Overthrowing the Tyranny of the Journal Impact
Factor
David Magnus, Ph.D.
Vermont Passes Physician-Assisted-Suicide
Craig Klugman, Ph.D.
Carbon, Bioethics and Planetary Health
Craig Klugman, Ph.D.

this week's featured journal:

13

AJOB
Neuroscience
Volume 4 Issue 2
Editorial
Minimizing
Harm in
Psychiatric
Treatment and
Research
Robert L. Sadoff
Target Articles
What We Owe
the Psychopath:
A Neuroethical
Analysis
Grant Gillett & Jiaochen Huang
Ethical Considerations in Deep Brain Stimulation
for the Treatment of Addiction and Overeating
Associated With Obesity
Jared M. Pisapia, Casey H. Halpern, Ulf J. Muller,
Piergiuseppe Vinai, John A. Wolf, Donald M. Whiting,
Thomas A. Wadden, Gordon H. Baltuch & Arthur L.
Caplan
This Week's Featured Journal:
The American
Journal of
Bioethics
Volume 13
Issue 5
Editorial
Military
Doctors and
Deaths by
Torture:
When a
Witness
Becomes an
Accessory
Steven H.
Miles
Target Articles
Ban the Sunset? Nonpropositional Content and
Regulation of Pharmaceutical Advertising
14

Paul Biegler & Patrick Vargas

The Right to Know Your Genetic Parents: From
Open-Identity Gamete Donation to Routine
Paternity Testing
An Ravelingien & Guido Pennings
This Week's Featured Journal:
AJOB Primary
Research
Volume 4 Issue 2
Article
What Constitutes
the Best Interest
of a Child? Views
of Parents,
Children, and
Physicians in a
Pediatric
Oncology Setting
Martine C. de
Vries, Dorine
Bresters, Gertjan J. L. Kaspers, Mirjam Houtlosser,
Jan M. Wit, Dirk P. Engberts & Evert van Leeuwen
Using the Best Interests Standard to Generate
Actual Duties
Loretta M. Kopelman
Articles
Factors That Affect Integrity of Authorship of
Scientific Meeting Abstracts
John Lynch, Jane E. Strasser, Christopher J. Lindsell
& Joel Tsevat
Do Medical Students Recall and Use the Language
of Ethics They are Taught Preclinically Once They
are in the Clinical Training Environment? An
Empirical Study in Ethics Education
Lauris C. Kaldjian, Laura A. Shinkunas, Valerie L.
Forman-Hoffman, Marcy E. Rosenbaum, Jerold C.
Woodhead, Lisa M. Antes & Jane A. Rowat
Views of IRBs Concerning Their Local Ecologies:
Perceptions of Relationships, Systems, and Tensions
Between IRBs and Their Institutions
Robert Klitzman

15

Knowledge of and Training in Research Ethics in an

African Health Research Community
Omokhoa Adedayo Adeleye & Temidayo Olusade
Ogundiran
Do Hospitalized Patients in a Nigerian Community
Consider Informed Consent Necessary?
Omokhoa Adedayo Adeleye & Ekaete Alice Tobin
This Week's Featured Journal:
AJOB Volume
13 Issue 4
Editorial
Can Informed
Consent Go
Too Far?
Balancing
Consent
and Public
Benefit in
Research
Lauren C.
Milner &
David Magnus
Target Articles
Does Consent Bias Research?
Mark A. Rothstein & Abigail B. Shoben

16