Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Determinarea proprietilor
petrofizice ale colectoarelor
-Tema 7iProfesor coordonator: Prof. dr. ing. Ion Mlureanu
CUPRINS :
TABEL NR 7i
INTRODUCERE N GEOFIZIC DE SOND
Pasul I
1. Determinarea limitelor colectoarelor
2.1 Temperatura
2.2 Modul de lucru
2.3 Exemplu de calcul
3. Determinarea rezistivitii noroiului , a filtratului de noroi i a turtei pentru
fiecare strat
9-10
3.1 Rezistivitii noroiului , a filtratului de noroi i a turtei pentru fiecare strat
3.2. Modul de lucru
3.3 Exemplu de calcul
3.4 Tabel rezultate
Pasul II
4. Determinarea rezistivitii subzonei splate,
io
din microcarotajul cu
laterolog (DIL)
13-15
4. Determinarea rezistivitii subzonei splate,
io
Pasul III
6. Determinarea coninutului n argil al colectoarelor, Varg
16
Pasul IV
8. Determinarea saturaiei n ap i hidrocarburi, Sa i Sh
23-29
30
Bibliografie
31
Introducere
Tabel nr.1:
Nr.
str.
ILD
ar
g
m
IL
M
m
3.1
5.2
4.8
3.7
MSF
L
m
mNa,Ca
Hmed
Kn
s/ft
GAM
A
uAPI
g/cm3
23
16
2.32
81
40
1800
0.764
4.2
31
18
2.29
84
42
1847
0.764
4.5
5.9
19.4
14
2.35
78
47
1932
0.764
3.7
5.1
17.5
12
2.4
75
51
1968
0.764
6.5
2.8
3.2
16.6
13
2.37
76
38
2016
0.764
3.4
5.1
6.4
27
11
2.4
74
33
2073
0.764
4.9
3.2
4.9
18
17
2.3
82
39
2118
0.764
3.4
1.9
2.7
19
21
2.25
88
44
2167
0.764
5.6
2.3
3.2
20
19.5
2.26
86
52
2206
0.764
10
6.3
2.6
4.1
21
15
2.34
80
55
2273
0.764
(Rn) la T1 = 2.35 m
d = 250 mm
htn = 10.9 mm
fl = 1.0 g/ cm
cm 3
mat = 2.65 g/
arg = 2.15g/
cm 3
tmat = 54 s/ft
tfl = 189 s/ft
targ = 95 s/ft
Hmax = 2960 m
To = 10 C
T1 = 20 C
Tmax = 73 C
min = 25 uAPI
max = 96 uAPI
arg = 0.4
ai = 0.05
a = 0.8
Rad=Rarg
6
Pasul I
1. Determinarea limitelor colectoarelor
1.1 Limitele colectoarelor
Metodele practice de determinare a grosimii si limitelor stratelor dup curba de
potenial spontan.
Potenialul spontan sau potenialul natural ia nastere ca urmare a unor procese
de activitate electrochimic ce se desfsoar la limitele: noroi de foraj - formaiuni
geologice, zon de invazie - zon necontaminat si colector - roci adiacente.
Procesele fizico-chimice care dau nastere potenialului spontan sunt: procesul de
difuzie, procesul de adsorbie, procesul de electrofiltraie si procesul de oxido-reducere.
1.2 Modul de lucru
- se determin limitele stratului cu rela iile:
Hs = Hmed -
h
2
h
2
Hi = Hmed +
h
2
3,1
=1800 - 2
= 1792,45
Hi = Hmed +
h
2
7
=1800 +
3,1
2
= 1801,55
2. Determinarea temperaturii
2.1 Temperatura
Un interes particular pentru inginerul de zcmnt l constituie msurarea
temperaturii n sondele termometrice", forate la distane relativ mici, n zcmintele
exploatate prin combustie subteran pentru evaluarea procesului de combustie nu sunt
posibile fr a cunoate variaia temperaturii pe traseul sond de injecie sond de
reacie.
2.2 Modul de lucru:
- se determin temperatura formaiei, T cu relaia:
T=
H med
H max
(Tmax - T) + T
T=
Hmed
Hmax
(Tmax - T) + T
1800
2560
= 54,296
ai
raportul rezistivitilor celor doua fluide este mai mic de 2,5 se consider ca opera iunile
se efectueaz in condiiile similare folosirii unui noroi mineralizat , i invers .
Trebuie avut in vedere si faptul ca noroaiele mineralizate produc o invazie mai
redus , o turt cu grosimea mai mic si ca afecteaz raspunsul multor dispozitive
electrice in sensul reducerii valorilor de rezistivitate aparenta masurate .
3.2. Modul de lucru
- se face corecia rezistivitii noroiului cu temperatura formaiei, cu relaia:
n)T =
n)T1
T 1+ 21.5
T +21.5
) = kn
fn T
( n)T
) cu relaia:
fn T
1.07
.
) cu relaia:
tn T
) = 0.69 (
tn T
) (
fn T
( n)T
( fn ) T
2.65 .
n)T
n)T1
T 1+ 21.5
T +21.5
20+ 21.5
54,296+ 21.5
= 2,35
fn)T = kn
= 0,764 x
= 1,286
( n)T 1.07.
1,2861,07
= 0,999
(
) = 0.69 (
tn T
= 0,69 x 0,999 x(
) (
fn T
1,286
0,999
2.65 .
( n) T
( fn ) T
2.65
.
= 1,346
Hs
Hi
n)T
fn T
1798,45
1801,55
54,296
10
1,286
0,999
(
)
tn T
1,346
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1844,4
1929,6
1966,15
2012,75
2071,3
2115,55
2165,3
2203,2
2269,85
1849,6
1934,4
1969,85
2019,25
2074,7
2120,45
2168,7
2208,8
2276,15
55,453
57,545
58,431
59,612
61,015
62,122
63,328
64,288
65,937
1,267
1,233
1,220
1,202
1,181
1,166
1,149
1,136
1,115
0,984
0,955
0,945
0,930
0,912
0,900
0,886
0,875
0,858
1,326
1,296
1,283
1,266
1,248
1,233
1,217
1,205
1,185
Pasul II
4. Determinarea rezistivitii subzonei splate, din
microcarotajul cu focalizare sferic MSFL (Micro
Spherical Focused Log)
io
4.1 MSL :
Microcarotajul focalizat ca i microcarotajul convenional este utilizat pentru a
msura rezistivitatea n imediata apropiere a peretelui sondei, subzona splat.
11
io)
astfel:
io
MSFL
( tn ) T
MSFL cor
MSFL
=B;
= MSFLcor = B
MSFL
23
= 1.346
MSFL cor
MSFL
MSFLcor
= 17.087
= 0.97 =>
io
= 0.97 23 = 22.31
Nr. Strat
1
2
MSFL
m
23
31
(tn)t
MSFL
( tn) T
MSFLcor
MSFL
1.346
1.326
i0
m
17.087
23.378
12
0.97
0.99
22.31
30.69
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
19.4
17.5
16.6
27
18
19
20
21
1.296
1.283
1.266
1.248
1.233
1.217
1.205
1.185
14.969
13.639
13.033
21.634
14.598
15.612
16.597
17.721
0.94
0.93
0.93
0.98
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
18.236
16.275
15.438
26.46
16.92
18.05
19.2
20.37
13
LLS
LLD
Se corecteaz rezistivitile citite din diagrafie,
noroiului,
pentru rezistivitatea
i diametrul sapei, d
LLS
n
LLD
n
- se calculeaz rapoartele:
LLD,cor
LLD
LLS, cor
LLS
LLD,cor A LLD
de unde rezult c:
ad
astfel:
LLD,cor
LLS, cor
ad
ad
- se calculeaz rapoartele:
14
'LLD,cor
LLD,cor
'LLS, cor
LLS, cor
de unde rezult c:
'LLD,cor X LLD,cor
'LLD,cor
'LLD,cor
io
'LLD,cor
' LLS, cor
- se ia n abscis valoarea raportului
'LLD,cor 'LLD,cor
' LLS, cor
io
'LLD,cor
io
i se determin punctul P de coordonate (
R
'
LLD,cor
familii de curbe
R
b
io
a
,
i Di = c;
R
'LLD,cor
R a ' LLD,cor
15
R
b
io
R b i0
ad
iLD
ILM
MS
L
ILD
ILM
cor
cor
io /
ILDco
ILM
cor/
ILDc
R1
R2
Di
0.97
5
0.92
1
2.57
0
2.02
9
3.10
4
2.60
4
1.60
3
3.43
4
1.86
7
1.26
6
1.50
5
1.59
7
3.99
7
2.76
3
4.09
9
3.31
8
4.88
8
3.28
3
2.39
6
3.60
1
2.96
1
2.20
1
4.88
8
3.2
3.2
0.787
1.71
1.71
1.200
2.09
3
2.09
3
1.183
1.95
1.95
1.65
r
or
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.
1
5.
2
4.
8
3.
7
6.
5
3.
4
4.
9
3.
4
5.
6
6.
3
22.31
4.1
5.441
1.21
9
4.2
30.69
4.2
10.23
1.4
4.5
5.9
18.236
4.5
5.9
4.052
1.31
3.7
5.1
16.275
3.7
5.1
4.398
2.8
3.2
15.438
2.8
3.2
5.513
5.1
6.4
26.46
5.2
6.5
5.088
3.2
4.9
16.92
3.2
4.9
5.28
1.9
2.7
18.05
1.9
3.7
9.5
2.3
3.2
19.2
2.3
3.2
8.347
2.6
4.1
20.37
2.6
4.1
7.834
16
1.37
8
1.14
2
1.25
1.53
1
1.42
1
1.39
1
1.57
6
8.68
15.1
2
5.87
5
6.25
9.62
5
7.70
5
9.06
2
14.2
5
12.7
5
12.7
5
0.911
0.89
7
1
0.94
1
0.9
0.91
0.75
2.8
0.8
1.148
1.195
1.214
0.728
0.985
3 .7Iarg
Varg = 0.083 ( 2
-1)
II min
I maxI min =
3 .7 Iarg
Varg = 0.083 ( 2
4025
9625
- 1) = 0.083
( 23 .7 0.211
- 1) = 0.059
i
volumul total al rocii, Vt
Vp
Vt
100%
18
=
N=
N
Ca
Ca
efN
N-
Varg
arg
mat
mat fl
= D
D arg =
Varg min
D arg
matarg
matfl
t = t2 - t1
Modul de lucru:
se separ stratele poros-permeabile;
se stabilete timpul unitar de parcurs prin fluidul din spaiul poros, respectiv
filtratul de noroi;
20
Ac
ttmat
tfl tmat
ef =
Ac Varg
Ac arg
Ac arg =
targtmat
tfl tmat
Stratul 1:
CN
Ncor
ef
N Ca
Ncor
Varg
N arg
CD
mat
matfl
2 . 652 . 32
2 . 651 . 0
= 0.2
21
ef
D arg
Varg
mat arg
mat fl
D arg
2 . 652 . 15
2 . 651
= 0.303
CA
ttmat
tfl tmat
Ac
ef
= QAc - Varg
Ac arg
8154
= 18954
targtmat
tfl tmat
Ac arg
= 0.2
= 18954 = 0.303
H med
NCA
Varg
efN
1800
0.059
0.16
0.20
19.97
1847
0.070
0.18
0.22
21.972
1932
0.1
0.14
0.18
17.96
1968
0.129
0.12
0.16
15.948
2016
0.049
0.13
0.17
16.98
2073
0.027
0.11
0.15
14.989
2118
0.054
0.17
0.21
20.978
2167
0.081
0.21
0.25
24.967
2206
0.136
0.19
0.23
23.44
2273
0.161
0.15
0.19
18.93
22
H med
Nr. strat
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Nr. strat
Nr. strat
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
efD
3
g/ cm
1800
0.059
2.32
0.2
0.182
1847
0.070
2.29
0.218
0.196
1932
0.1
2.35
0.181
0.15
1968
0.129
2.4
0.151
0.111
2016
0.049
2.37
0.169
0.154
2073
0.027
2.4
0.151
0.142
2118
0.054
2.3
0.212
0.195
2167
0.081
2.25
0.242
0.217
2206
0.136
2.26
0.236
0.194
2273
0.161
2.34
0.187
0.138
H med
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Varg
Varg
AC
efAC
s/ft
1800
0.059
81
0.2
0.182
1847
0.070
84
0.222
0.2
1932
0.1
78
0.177
0.146
1968
0.129
75
0.155
0.115
2016
0.049
76
0.162
0.147
2073
0.027
74
0.148
0.139
2118
0.054
82
0.207
0.19
2167
0.081
88
0.251
0.226
2206
0.136
86
0.237
0.165
2273
0.161
80
0.192
0.143
ef
%
0.2
0.1879
0.22
0.20524
0.179
0.1585
0.155
0.12849
0.167
0.1569
0.149
0.14363
0.209
0.198
0.247
0.23089
0.236
0.2078
23
10
0.189
0.1567
Pasul IV
8. Determinarea saturaiei n ap i hidrocarburi, Sa i
Sh
8.1 Saturaia :
24
Saturaia n ap a unei roci este dat de raportul dintre volumul de ap, Va, din
spaiul poros i volumul spaiului poros, Vp.
Va
Vp
Sa =
100
[%]
Vh
Vp
100
[%]
S a + Sh = 1
Stratul 1:
a
0.8
F= 2 = 0.22 = 20
ai=
R
F
3.283
=0.164
20
25
A:
Sa
F ai
=
R
20 x 0.061
=0.67
3.283
B:
Sa =
a (1Varg ) ai
( R1 Varg
)
arg
1
0.059 0.8 ( 10.059 ) 0.076
( 3.283
2 )
0.2
2
=0.627
C:
1
R
1
3.283
Sa
2 Sa 2
a ( 1Varg ) ai
Varg Sa
arg
0.22 Sa2
0.8 ( 10.059 ) 0.076
=0.639
S ha
= 1 - S a = 1 0.67 =0.33
S hb
= 1 - S a = 1 0.627 = 0.373
S hc
= 1 - S a = 1 0.639 = 0.361
26
0.059 Sa
2
A:
S aio
F fn
io
20 0.999
22.31
= 0.946
B:
S aio
(
(
1 Varg a(1varg) fn
io arg
2
1
0.059 0.8 ( 10.059 ) 0.999
2
22.31
2
0.2
= 0.536
C:
1
io
S hm
2 Saio 2
a ( 1Varg ) fn
Varg Saio
arg
Sa=0.68
S hra
S hrb
S hrc
27
0.2
0.2
2
0.1
7
0.1
5
0.1
6
0.1
4
0.2
0
0.2
4
0.2
3
0.1
8
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.28
3
2.39
6
3.60
1
2.96
1
2.20
1
4.16
1
2.53
3
1.48
8
1.79
9
1.77
3
arg
A
S a
0.059
0.145
0.070
0.144
0.089
ai
20
0.164
16.
5
24.
9
33.
2
28.
6
36
18.
3
13.
1
14.
3
22.
3
ai
Varg
B)
Sa
C)
Sa
A)
Sh
B)
Sh
C)
Sh
0.67
0.627
0.639
0.33
0.373
0.361
0.72
0.668
0.678
0.28
0.332
0.322
0.1
0.72
0.623
0.647
0.28
0.377
0.353
0.129
0.92
0.776
0.794
0.08
0.224
0.206
0.049
0.98
0.943
0.945
0.02
0.057
0.055
0.027
0.8
0.777
0.782
0.2
0.223
0.218
0.138
0.054
0.73
0.695
0.703
0.27
0.305
0.297
0.113
0.081
0.81
0.76
0.766
0.19
0.24
0.234
0.125
0.136
0.77
0.678
0.692
0.23
0.322
0.308
0.081
0.161
0.97
0.83
0.841
0.03
0.17
0.159
0.076
0.115
0.07
6
0.2
0.2
2
0.1
7
0.1
5
0.1
6
0.1
4
0.2
0
3
4
5
6
7
io F
22.3
1
30.6
9
18.2
3
16.2
7
15.4
3
26.4
6
16.9
2
20
16.
5
24.
9
33.
2
28.
6
36
18.
3
fn
Varg
arg
A
S aio
B)
C)
A)
B)
C)
S aio
S aio
S hr
S hr
S hr
0.99
9
0.98
4
0.95
5
0.94
5
0.93
0.059
0.946
0.53
0.68
0.054
0.47
0.32
0.070
0.529
0.48
0.471
0.52
0.1
0.32
0.67
0.68
0.33
0.129
0.68
0.32
0.049
0.91
2
0.9
0.027
0.88
0.90
0.12
0.1
0.054
0.973
0.70
0.77
0.027
0.3
0.23
28
0.2
4
0.2
3
0.1
8
8
9
10
18.0
5
19.2
13.
1
14.
3
22.
3
20.3
7
0.88
6
0.87
5
0.85
8
A
S hm
Nr. strat
0.081
0.627
0.39
0.58
0.373
0.61
0.42
0.136
0.651
0.46
0.349
0.54
0.161
0.939
0.45
0.061
0.55
B
S hm
0.276
0.28
0.08
0.02
0.2
0.243
0.031
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
C
S hm
0.057
0.103
0.005
-
0.041
0.023
0.055
0.118
0.067
-
Stratul 1:
1
1
2
F= = 0.22 =25
ai=
R
F
3.283
=0.131
25
A:
Sa
F ai
=
R
25 x 0.061
=0.68
3.283
B:
Sa =
a (1Varg ) ai
( R1 Varg
)
arg
29
1
0.059 0.8 ( 10.059 ) 0.061
( 3.283
2 )
0.2
2
=0.561
C:
1
R
1
3.283
Sa=
2 Sa 2
a ( 1Varg ) ai
Varg Sa
arg
0.22 Sa2
0.8 ( 10.059 ) 0.061
0.00889+ 0.09657
=0.574
0.5253
S ha
= 1 - S a = 1 0.68 =0.32
S hb
= 1 - S a = 1 0.561 = 0.439
S hc
= 1 - S a = 1 0.574 = 0.426
A:
S aio
F fn
io
25 0.999
22.31
= 1.057
B:
S aio
1 Varg a(1varg) fn
io arg
2
)
30
0.059 Sa
2
1
0.059 0.8 ( 10.059 ) 0.999
22.31
2
0.22
= 0.536
C:
1
io
S hm
S aio
a ( 1Varg ) fn
Varg S aio
arg
Sa=0.68
S hra
= 1- S aio = 1 - 1 = 0
S hrb
S hrc
= S h - S hr =0.32 0 = 0.32
31
Nr.
stra
t
0.2
0.2
2
0.1
7
0.1
5
0.1
6
0.1
4
0.2
0
0.2
4
0.2
3
0.1
8
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3.28
3
2.39
6
3.60
1
2.96
1
2.20
1
4.16
1
2.53
3
1.48
8
1.79
9
1.77
3
ai a
ai
Varg
arg
A
S a
B)
Sa
C)
Sa
A)
Sh
B)
Sh
C)
Sh
25
0.131
0.059
0.68
0.561
0.574
0.32
0.439
0.426
20.
6
31.
2
41.
6
35.
8
45
0.116
0.070
0.72
0.598
0.609
0.28
0.401
0.391
0.115
0.1
0.72
0.558
0.583
0.28
0.442
0.417
0.071
0.129
0.92
0.695
0.718
0.08
0.305
0.282
0.049
0.99
0.845
0.849
0.01
0.155
0.151
0.027
0.81
0.696
0.702
0.19
0.304
0.298
0.111
0.054
0.74
0.623
0.631
0.26
0.377
0.369
0.091
0.081
0.81
0.681
0.688
0.19
0.319
0.312
0.106
0.136
0.77
0.607
0.623
0.23
0.393
0.377
0.063
0.161
0.97
0.744
0.759
0.03
0.256
0.241
22.
8
16.
3
17.
9
27.
9
0.061
0.092
0.06
1
0.2
0.2
2
0.1
7
0.1
5
0.1
6
0.1
4
0.2
0
0.2
4
0.2
3
0.1
8
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Nr. strat
1
io F
22.3
1
30.6
9
18.2
3
16.2
7
15.4
3
26.4
6
16.9
2
18.0
5
19.2
20.3
7
25
20.
6
31.
2
41.
6
35.
8
45
22.
8
16.
3
17.
9
27.
9
A
S hm
0.32
fn
Varg
arg
A
S aio
B)
C)
A)
B)
C)
S aio
S aio
S hr
S hr
S hr
0.99
9
0.98
4
0.95
5
0.94
5
0.93
0.059
0.53
0.68
0.47
0.32
0.070
0.81
0.48
0.19
0.52
0.1
0.32
0.67
0.68
0.33
0.129
0.68
0.32
0.049
0.91
2
0.9
0.027
0.88
0.90
0.12
0.1
0.054
0.70
0.77
0.3
0.23
0.88
6
0.87
5
0.85
8
0.081
0.89
0.39
0.58
0.11
0.61
0.42
0.136
0.9
0.46
0.1
0.54
0.161
0.45
0.55
B
S hm
C
S hm
0.106
32
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.09
0.28
0.8
0.01
0.19
0.26
0.08
0.13
0.03
0.155
0.184
0.07
-
0.08
0.151
0.198
0.139
-
9. Concluzii
33
Bibliografie :
-ndrumar Laborator de Geofizic de Sond - Prof. dr. ing. Ion
Mlureanu ;
-Geofizic de Sond - Prof. dr. ing. Ion Mlureanu;
- Ghid de analiz i interpretare a diagrafiilor geofizice: Bogdan Mihai Niculescu;
34