Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
1. INTRODUCERE
Rev. Psih., t. 56, nr. 1–2, p. 91–109, Bucureşti, ianuarie – iunie 2010
92 Horia D. Pitariu, Claudia Rus 2
2. STRESUL OCUPAŢIONAL
stresul ocupaţional (Kuhn, 1988; apud. Wallace, Edwards, Arnold, Frazier & Finch,
2009). Deşi pentru angajaţi aceste comportamente sunt considerate a fi funcţionale, pe
termen lung ele pot aduce prejudicii atât lor, cât şi organizaţiei (Sackett, 2002).
3. OBIECTUL CERCETĂRII
Stresori Comportamente
Evaluare cognitivă
1. Supraîncărcarea muncii contraproductive
2. Echilibrul muncă–familie (organizaţionale şi
3. Relaţii interpersonale)
4. Rolul managerial Emoţii (ca indicator
5. Recunoaştere al sănătăţii
6. Tracasări
Încrederea în supervizor psihologice)
7. Climat organizaţional
8. Responsabilităţi Încrederea în organizaţie Intenţia de a părăsi
organizaţia
Figura 1. Un posibil model al stresului ocupaţional la manageri în condiţiile actualei crize economice.
3.1. IPOTEZE
3.2. PARTICIPANŢI
unui singur item. Pentru măsurarea acestora a fost utilizată o scală de tip Likert cu
10 trepte, unde o valoare de 1 indica faptul că managerul nu a simţit emoţia
respectivă în timpul celei mai recente zile de muncă iar 10 a simţit foarte puternic
emoţia respectivă pe parcursul celei mai recente zile de muncă.
3.4. PROCEDURĂ
Datele care vor fi utilizate în acest studiu constituie prima etapă a unei
cercetări mai ample privind efectele actualei crize economice mondiale asupra
stresului ocupaţional din organizaţiile din România. Fiecare angajat a completat
individual broşura cu chestionare, fiind asistat pe parcursul completării broşurii de
către un operator din cadrul echipei de colectare a datelor. Participanţilor le-a fost
prezentat atât verbal, cât şi scris scopul realizării acestui studiu. Prezentul studiu
face parte dintr-o cercetare mai amplă asupra stresului ocupaţional în contextul
crizei economice actuale.
4. REZULTATE ŞI DISCUŢII
Tabelul nr. 1
Rezumat statistic descriptiv al variabilelor incluse în studiu (N1 = 100, N2 = 92)
Variabila Funcţionari bancari Angajaţi din producţia de
cosmetice
Medie Abatere α- Medie Abatere α-
standard Cronbach standard Cronbach
I. Surse de presiune
1. Supraîncărcarea muncii 22,44 5,36 0,74 22,83 4,35 0,66
2. Relaţii interpersonale 30,63 7,00 0,79 29,71 5,88 0,76
3. Echilibrul muncă–familie 24,04 4,62 0,74 20,36 4,85 0,77
4. Rolul managerial 14,69 3,31 0,48 14,04 3,64 0,46
5. Tracasări cotidiene 15,40 3,20 0,52 13,59 3,30 0,33
6. Responsabilităţi personale 15,20 3,42 0,72 16,75 2,79 0,71
7. Recunoaşterea meritelor 15,64 3,41 0,51 15,16 3,55 0,59
8. Climat organizaţional 15,99 3,67 0,70 12,28 3,12 0,69
II. Încrederea organizaţională
1. Încrederea în şeful imediat 33,51 7,89 0,95 44,06 9,64 0,95
2. Încrederea în organizaţie 14,40 2,51 0,93 15,61 6,41 0,81
III. Reacţii la stres
1. Comportament contraproductiv asupra organizaţiei 33,48 8,88 0,89 25,25 3,83 0,75
2. Comportament contraproductiv asupra persoanelor 24,02 16,78 0,93 36,41 2,42 0,73
3. Emoţii pozitive 17,09 7,79 0,72 33,96 6,91 0,81
4. Emoţii negative 29,00 7,81 0,50 13,54 7,38 0,76
5. Intenţia de a părăsi organizaţia 10,32 2,55 0,92 7,65 2,80 0,90
9 Stresul ocupaţional în actuala criză economică 99
Tabelul nr. 2
Rezultatele testului de comparaţie privind componentele stresului ocupaţional
între cele două grupe de participanţi (N1 = 100, N2 = 92)
Variabila Media Media angajaţi Test comparaţie t Mărimea
funcţionari din producţia de pentru eşantioane efectului
bancari cosmetice independente sau U d Cohen
I. Surse de presiune
1. Supraîncărcarea muncii 22,44 22,83 t (190)= –0,56
2. Relaţii interpersonale 30,63 29,71 t (190) = 0.97
3. Echilibrul muncă–familie 24,04 20,36 t (190) = 5,36** 0,77
4. Rolul managerial 14,69 14,04 t (190) = 1,28
5. Tracasări cotidiene 15,40 13,59 t (190) = 3,83** 0,55
6. Responsabilităţi personale 15,20 16,75 t (190) = –3,41** 0,44
7. Recunoaşterea meritelor 15,64 15,16 t (190) = 0,98
8. Climat organizaţional 15,99 12,28 t (190) = 7,49** 1,08
II. Încredere organizaţională
1. Încrederea în şeful imediat 33,51 44,06 t (190) = –8,68** 2,29
2. Încrederea în organizaţie 14,40 15,61 t (190) = –1,76
III. Reacţii la stres
1. Emoţii pozitive 17,09 33,96 t (190) = –5,82** 1,19
2. Emoţii negative 29,00 13,54 t (190) = 14,05** 2,03
3. Comportament contraproductiv asupra organizaţiei 33,48 25,25 U (190) = 1440,5**
4. Comportament contraproductiv asupra persoanelor 24,02 36,41 U (190) = 2407,5**
5. Intenţia de a părăsi organizaţia 10,32 7,65 t (190) = 6,89** 0,99
100 Horia D. Pitariu, Claudia Rus 10
5. CONCLUZII
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REZUMAT