CAPITOLUL 3.

CALCULUL POMPEI DE ALIMENTARE

Date initiale:
pnom := 220 bar
pmax := 230 bar

Qnom := 100 l
min

Qmax := 130 l
min
3
60 m
Q'max := Qmax = 7.8
3 h
⋅ 10
Turatia motorului electric de actionare: n := rpm
1800 Randament pompa: η := 0.98
Numarul de pistonase ale pompei: z := 9

R
Coeficient adimensional: ψ := Ψ := 1.7
d
R
:= 1.7
d

Unghiul minim de inclinare al disculu αmin := 9 grd

i
Unghiul maxim de inclinare al disculu αmax := grd
i
25
Unghiul minim de inclinare al discului pentru presiunea si debitul nomin α := grd
20

Calculul de dimensionare si functional al pompei:

Determinarea cilindreei:
3 3
Qmax ⋅ 10 cm
Vp := = 72.222
n rot 3
cm
Astfel in functie de unghiul a, capacitatea cilindrica Vfp := 0...44.4 Diametrul interior
va al cilindrului:
1
rot

2
 3
3
4 ⋅ Q max ⋅ 10
d := = 2.617 cm
π ⋅ Ψ ⋅ n ⋅ z ⋅ η ⋅ sin(α ⋅ deg)

d = 2.617 cm
Raza de proiectie a cercului descris de capetele sferice ale bielelor:

R := d ⋅ Ψ = 4.45 cm
Raza de dispunere a pistonaselor:

rp := R ⋅ (1 + cos(α ⋅ deg))
= 4.315 cm
2
Cursa pistonului:

S := 2 ⋅ R ⋅ sin(α ⋅
= 3.044 cm
deg)
Debitul pompei si neuniformitatea debitului:

Qtmin := 0.5 ⋅ π ⋅ z ⋅ n ⋅ 60 ⋅ R ⋅ m3
⋅ −4
10
−2
2
⋅ 10 ⋅ sin(αmin ⋅ = 7.281
d h
deg) 3
−2 −
4 m
2
Qtmax := 0.5 ⋅ π ⋅ z ⋅ n ⋅ 60 ⋅ R ⋅ ⋅ d ⋅ 10 ⋅ sin(αmax ⋅ = 19.67
10 h
3 deg)
−6 m
Qtm := n ⋅ 60 ⋅ Vp ⋅ = 7.8
10 h

Qtmax − Qtmin = 1.588 -gradul de neunifirmitate al debitului

δQ :=
Qtm
Daca z este un numar impar trebuie indeplinita conditia: 2⋅π
≤ φ1 ≤
z
π
z
φ1 :=
π = 0.349 rad

3
φ1 := 20 grd
Viteza unghiulara se determina functie de turatie:

π⋅ rad
ω := = 188.496
n s
30
Viteza pistonului se determina cu relatia:

4
v1φ m
−2
1 := ω ⋅ R ⋅ 10 ⋅ sin(α ⋅ deg) ⋅ sin(φ1 ⋅ = 0.981
s
deg)
Debitul instantaneu reluat de un piston este:
π⋅ m3
− = 1.9
qt1φ1 := 2 ⋅ v1φ1 ⋅ 3600 ⋅ 10
d 4 h
4
Debitul specific minim se realizeaza pentru φ1=0 si φ1=π/z:

Qtsmin := 1
⎛ π ⎞ = 2.836
⋅ cot
m3

2 ⎝ 2 ⋅ z⎠ h

Debitul specific maxim este:

3
1 m
Qtsmax := = 2.879
2 ⋅ sin
⎛
⎞ h
π

⎝ 2 ⋅ z⎠
⎛ π ⎞
cos φ1 ⋅ deg − 3
Qts := m
⎝ 2⋅ = 2.836
z⎠
2 ⋅ sin
⎛ π ⎞ h

⎝ 2 ⋅ z⎠
Coeficientul de neuniformitate are valoarea:

δiQ :=
π ⎛ π ⎞ = 0.015
⋅ tan
2⋅z ⎝ 4 ⋅ z⎠
Frecventa impulsurilor de debit este:

4
f := 2 ⋅ n ⋅ z = 3.24 × 10
Calculul fortelor, momentelor si puterii:

5
 Fig. 2 Schema cinematica a unei pompe cu pistonase axiale cu bloc inclinat
Forta de presiune F actioneaza asupra pistoanelor in lungul axelor acestora si se descompune in F
si F2. Forta F2 de pe o circumferinta a discului creaza momentul Mi.
F2 := F ⋅ sin(α)
2
π⋅d pnom
F2 := ⋅ ⋅ sin(α ⋅ = 40.486 N
4 10 deg)

Unghiul dintre 2 pistonase vecine este:

2⋅π
γ := = 40 grd
z ⋅ deg

Pistoanele care se afla in faza de refulare pot fi reperate prin unghiurile:

φi := φ1 + (k − 1) ⋅ γ
unde m este numarul de pistonase ce refuleaza la un moment dat iar k = 1, 2,...,m

φ1 := φ1 + (1 − 1) ⋅ γ = 20

−2 −2
M1 := F2 ⋅ rp ⋅ 10 ⋅ sin(φ1 ⋅ M3 := F2 ⋅ rp ⋅ 10 ⋅ sin(φ3 ⋅ deg)
deg)
φ2 := φ1 + (2 − 1) ⋅ γ
−2
M2 := F2 ⋅ rp ⋅ 10 ⋅ sin(φ2 ⋅
deg)

φ3 := φ1 + (3 − 1) ⋅ γ
6
= 0.598 Nm

= 1.513 Nm

= 1.721 Nm

7
φ4 := φ1 + (4 − 1) ⋅ γ
−2
M4 := F2 ⋅ rp ⋅ 10 ⋅ sin(φ4 ⋅ = 1.123 Nm
deg)

Momentul total este:

Mt := M1 + M2 + M3 + M4 = 4.954 Nm

Momentul total mediu este:

2
pnom ⋅ d ⋅ 2 ⋅ rp ⋅ z ⋅ sin(α ⋅
deg) = 500.519 Nm
Mm :=
8 ⋅ 10

Puterea necesara actionarii pompei are expresia:

−3
P := Mm ⋅ ω ⋅ 10 = 94.346 kW

8
9
10