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Dune Ana-Maria
F.K.T, specializare n T.O.
Mirela Burllu
F.K.T., specializare n T.O.
confer programelor de terapie ocupaional un loc esenial n cadrul serviciilor medico-sociale oferite populaiei n vrst, n:
1.
Cderile reprezint principala cauz a fracturilor de old (90%) i de deces (70%) n rndul populaiei cu vrsta de peste 65 ani. Costurile statului britanic n cazul fracturii de old cauzat de cdere se ridic la 28.665 / persoan (Heywood i Turne, 2007). Perspectiva T.O. n prevenirea eficient i cu succes a acestui fenomen socio-economic const n abordarea dinamicii consecinelor cderii, care devin adeseori cauzele acesteia.
Cderea
inactivitate
frica de cdere
factorii de risc
strategiile de prevenire
vizita la domiciliu
evaluarea persoanei evaluarea resurselor i a mediului evaluarea necesitii achiziionrii de dispozitive de asisten management comportamental direcionare - colaborare cu alte servicii de specialitate
dipoziia mobilierului
folosirea materialelor anti-derapante dormitorul nlimea patului, iluminatul corect, covoarele baia nlimea toaletei, bare de sprijin, pavimente
Echipamente defecte
nclmintea inadecvat
Educaia
Concluzii:
Reducerea cu pn la 40% a cderilor n rndul populaiei n vrst. Adaptare major a locuinei este cu de 4,7 ori mai redus dect costurile de spitalizare a vrstnicului dup o fractur de old prin cdere. Aplicarea mnerelor i barelor de sprijin n vederea reducerii cderilor + iluminarea holurilor, reduce cu aproape 100 de ori riscul spitalizrii vrstnicului.
Adaptarea i transformarea locuinei ntr-un mediu mai sigur pentru cei ce o locuiesc, reduce n mod eficient riscurile i stressul ce nsoesc modificrile comportamentale i funcionale din demen.
Dobndirea independenei n activitile de auto-ngrijire prin modificarea caracteristicilor fizice ale mediului.
atenia
memoria i limbajul
concepte descriptive categorizarea rezolvarea-problemei
atenia
limbajul rezolvarea-problemei
atenia limbajul
atenia
memoria
comunicarea
abilitile de comunicare
Sortarea diverselor obiecte - haine, bijuterii, cri potale, reviste, articole de ziar, etc. - se preteaz pentru persoanele cu abiliti cognitive diminuate.
Concluzie:
Odat cu fenomenul de mbtrnire demografic la care asistm, abordarea tradiional a vrstnicului n sistemul de ngrijire de tip rezidenial i spitalicesc nu mai este valid, serviciile oferite n comunitate devenind o necesitate evident, funcional i costeficient n sprijinirea vieii independente i promovarea bunstrii populaiei n vrst.
Bibliografie
Campbell et al (2005) Randomised controlled trial of prevention of falls in people aged > 75 with severe visual impairment: the VIP trial. The British Medical Journal, 331(7520),817. College of Occupational Therapists (2006) Falls management. London: COT. Ip et al (2004), Short-stay in-patient rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prospective study. Hong Kong Med J Vol10 No 5 October 2004. Allen K and Glasby, J (2010) The billion dollar question: embedding prevention in older peoples services 10 high impact changes. Birmingham: Health Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham. College of Occupational Therapists (2009) Occupational therapy and equipment. How equipment can make your life easier. London: COT. College of Occupational Therapists (2008) The value of occupational therapy and its contribution to adult social service users and their carers (Position Statement). London: COT. Graff et al (2008) Community based occupational therapy for older people with dementia and their care givers: cost effectiveness study. British Medical Journal, 336 (7636): 134-138. Heywood F and Turner L (2007) Better outcomes, lower costs: implications for health and social care budgets of investment in housing adaptations, improvements and equipment: a review of the evidence. London: Stationery Office. Laing and Buisson (2008) Care of elderly people: UK market survey 2008. London: Laing and Buisson. Littlechild R, Bowl R, Makta E (2010) An independence at home service: the potential and the pitfalls for occupational therapy services. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 73(6), 242-250. College of Occupational Therapists (2007) Activity provision: benchmarking good practice in care homes. London: COT. College of Occupational Therapists (2008) Continue to have an active life as you get older. London: COT. College of Occupational Therapists (2008) Health promotion in occupational therapy. London: COT Jennifer Kay-Williams, MA, CCP-SLP. e-book: Activities for Geriatric Patients 2012 www.advancewebcom/SPGeriatricblog