RMS Titanic

RMS Titanic a fost cel mai mare pachebot din lume, un adevarat gigant, modern si rapid. A fost contruit in Belfast,
la santierele Harland and Wolf, avandu-i ca proiectanti pe Lord Pirrie, director al White Star Line, Thomas Andrews,
manager in constructie si Alexander Carlisle, managerul general al santierului. Constructia Titanicului a fost
finantata de J.P. Morgan si compania sa, International Mercantile Marine si a inceput la data de 31 martie 1909.
Echiparea si finalizarea completa a vasului a fost realizata la data de 31 martie 1912.

Lungimea Titanicului masura 269,1 metri, latimea era de 28 de metri, inaltimea de la punctul de plutire pana la
puntea principala masura 18 m, iar greutatea era una colosala, 46.328 de tone. Au fost montate 29 de cazane
alimentate de 159 de furnale cu carbune, ce puteau oferi vasului o viteza de pana la 23 de noduri (43 Km/h) si o
putere maxima de 59.000 CP. Doar trei din cele patru cosuri inalte de 19 metri erau functionale, ultimul era folosit
doar pentru ventilatie si a fost adaugat pentru a face nava mai impresionanta. Vasul putea transporta un numar
maxim de 3.547 de pasageri, plus echipaj.

Titanicul a reusit sa surclaseze toate rivalele prin lux, design si dotari. Pasagerii de la clasa intai dispuneau de o sala
de sport, bazin de inot, bai turcesti, un teren de squash si o cafenea cu veranda. Camererele erau placate cu lemn
scump, mobila si alte decoratiuni deosebite. Existau biblioteci si frizerii atat la clasa intai cat si la clasa a doua, dar
si lifturi electrice. Pentru a se putea bucura de acest lux pasagerii trebuiau sa scoata din buzunar sume exorbitante.
Un bilet la clasa intai costa 875 de lire sterline (echivalentul a 64.204 de lire in prezent) sau 4.375 de dolari
(aproximativ 100.000 de dolari in ziua de astazi).



La data de 10 aprilie 1912, transatlanticul Titanic pleaca in voiajul de inaugurare, din Southampton, Anglia catre
New York. Dupa ce primeste persoane la bord din Cherbour, Anglia si Queenstown, Irlanda, Titanicul inainteaza in
Oceanul Antlantic cu 2.200 de persoane la bord. Dupa numai patru zile de la plecare, vasul se deplasa cu 21 Nd (42
Km/h), atunci cand primeste avertizari de iceberg, capitanul mareste viteza la 46 km/h). Neavand cum sa mai evite
impactul, cel mai probabil din cauza vitezei, Titanicul loveste iceberg-ul la tribord, provocand o taietura in carena
de 90 de metri lungime. In urma impactului cinci din compartimentele etanse incep sa fie inundate foarte rapid.
Capitanul Smith ii cere lui Thomas Andrews (designerul sef al Titanicului) sa faca o evaluare rapida a situatiei.
Acesta trage o concluzie socanta, vasul se va scufunda cu siguranta.

In scurt timp ofiterii si echipajul erau pregatiti pentru actiunea de evacuare de urgenta. Se pregatesc vestele si
barcile de salvare, iar pasagerii sunt sfatuiti sa iasa pe punte. Oamenii de la bord erau foarte linistiti, stiind ca se
afla pe un vapor "mposibil de scufundat", iar vasul nu dadea nici un semn ca s-ar afla in pericol. Primii incep sa fie
inundati pasagerii de la clasa a treia, care se aflau in partea de jos a vaporului. Panica incepe sa cuprinda din ce in
ce mai multe persoane, atunci cand nivelul apei incepe sa se ridice, vaporul se inclina si incepe sa se scufunde.
Oamenii devin agitati, fiind constienti de tragedia care urmeaza si de faptul ca nu erau suficiente barci de salvare
pentru toata lumea. Echipajul a inceput sa dea prioritate femeilor si copiilor pentru a ocupa barcile de salvare.

Un moment care a intrat in istorie este orchestra, care a ramas la clasa intai si a cantat pana in ultimul moment, al
scufundarii Titanicului. Ultima melodie interpretata de ei se pare ca a fost "Nearer My God To Thee", cantata chiar
inainte de scufundarea totala a vasului. Preotul tine o ultima predica, in timp ce vasul se inclina tot mai mult, iar
vesela scumpa si mobilierul se scufunda in ocean.

Capitanul Thomas Andrews impreuna cu alti membrii ai echipajului au ales sa ramana pe vas, scufundandu-se
odata cu el. Vasul se rupe in doua intr-un mod brutal, iar apele Atlanticului il inghit usor. 1500 de oameni sunt
acum in apa inghetata a oceanului, care avea doar 2 grade C. Tipetele disperarii sunt in zadar, este doar o
problema de timp pana cand linistea va cuprinde locul tragediei. Dupa cateva ore vasul Carpathia ajunge la locul
tragediei si ii ia la bord pe cei aflati in barcile de salvare, dar o imagine de cosmar cu 1500 de oameni morti, care
plutesc inghetati in apele Atlanticului, ramane in istorie.

In acea noapte se zice, ca cerul era foarte senin, plin de stele, iar apa oceanului era foarte limpede. In aceasta
atmosfera sumbra, vasul Carpathia se intoarce spre New York, cu ultimii supravietuitori, 706 persoane. 1517
oameni si-au pierdut viata in aceasta tragedie, care a cutremurat intreaga lume, si continua sa impresioneze si
astazi.

Pentru anul viitor se intentioneaza reconstruirea Titanicului, in varianta moderna, ce va contine motoare electrice,
sisteme radar, spargatoare de valuri si multe alte dotari de ultima generatie. Totusi designul va fi respectat in
proportie de 95% si va parcurge acelasi traseu pe care vasul original a incercat sa il parcurga in 1912.

RMS Titanic

RMS Titanic was the largest ocean liner in the world, a true giant, modern and fast. It was built in Belfast
at Harland and Wolf shipyards, having as project Pirri Lord, director of the White Star Line, Thomas
Andrews and Alexander Carlisle construction manager, general manager of the site. Titanic building was
financed by J. P. Morgan and his company, International Mercantile Marine and began on March 31,
1909 Equipment and full completion of the vessel was made on March 31, 1912.
Titanic length as 269.1 meters, width was 28 feet, the height of the floating point up to the main deck as
18 m, and the weight was one colossal, 46,328 tons. Were mounted 29 159 boilers fueled by coal
furnaces, which could give the vessel a speed of up to 23 knots (43 km / h) and a maximum power of
59,000 hp. Only three of the four baskets 19 meters high were functional, the latter was only used for
ventilation and was added to make the ship more impressive. The ship could carry a maximum of 3,547
passengers, plus crew.
Titanic managed to outperform all rivals in luxury, design and accessories. First class passengers have a
gym, swimming pool, Turkish bath, squash court and a caf with patio. ROOMS were covered with
expensive wood, furniture and other special decorations. There were libraries and barber shops both
first class and second class, and electric elevators. In order to enjoy this luxury passengers had to shell
out exorbitant amounts. A first class ticket costs 875 pounds (equivalent to 64,204 today) or 4,375
dollars (about $ 100,000 today).
On April 10, 1912, the liner Titanic leaves for inaugural voyage from Southampton, England to New York.
After receiving people on board Cherbour, England and Queenstown, Ireland, Titanic Ocean Antlantic
finishes with 2,200 people on board. After only four days after departure, the boat was traveling 21 Nd
(42 Km / h) when given warnings of icebergs, captain speeds from 46 km / h). Not having as it has
avoided the impact, most likely because of the speed, the Titanic hit the iceberg on the starboard side,
causing a cut in the hull 90 feet long. After impact five watertight compartments began to be flooded
very fast. Captain Smith asks Thomas Andrews (chief designer of the Titanic) to make a rapid assessment
of the situation. It draws a shocking conclusion, the vessel will sink for sure.
Soon officers and crew were ready for emergency evacuation action. Preparing vests and lifeboats, and
passengers are advised to come on deck. The people on board were very quiet, knowing that he was on
a boat "unsinkable" ship and gave no sign that they are in danger. First begin to be inundated third class
passengers who were in the bottom of the boat. Panic begins to include increasingly more people when
the water level begins to rise, the ship tilts and begins to sink. People become agitated, being aware of
the tragedy that follows and that there were not enough lifeboats for everyone. The crew started to give
priority to women and children to fill the lifeboats.
A moment that made history is the orchestra, which remained in first grade and played until the last
moment, the sinking of the Titanic. Last song played them apparently was "nearer My God To Thee"
sung just before the total sinking ship. The priest was the last sermon, while the boat is leaning more
and more, and crockery and furniture to sink into the ocean.
Captain Thomas Andrews along with other crew members chose to remain on the ship, sinking with it.
The ship breaks in two in a brutal and Atlantic waters swallow it easily. 1500 people are now frozen
ocean water, which was only 2 degrees C. screams of despair are in vain, it's just a matter of time until
peace shall include the place of the tragedy. After several hours the vessel Carpathia arrive at the
tragedy and takes on board those in the lifeboats, but a nightmare image with 1,500 people dead,
floating in icy Atlantic waters remains in history.
That night they say, the sky was very clear, full of stars and the ocean was very clear. In this gloomy
atmosphere, the ship Carpathia returning to New York with the last survivors, 706 people. 1517 people
lost their lives in this tragedy that shook the world, and continues to impress today.
For the next year rebuilding plan of the Titanic, the modern version, which will include electric motors,
radar, waves breakers and many other latest features. However the design will be observed in 95% and
will go the same route that the original vessel tried to go through in 1912.