Proiec

Calculul termic al motorului

Date initiale:
Pm =
nm=
i=

101
137.4
4250
5

kW
cp
rot/min
/

(nr. cilindrii)

Autoturisme cu motoare similare:

Audi A4 1.9 TDI
Nr. Cil.
Cap. Cil.
Aspiratie
Puterea

i
V

BMW E36 325 tds

Ford C-Max 2.0 tdci

/
Pm

4
1968
Turbo
100

/
cm3
/
kW

6
2498
Turbo
105

/
cm3
/
kW

4
1997
Trubo
103

Turatia p.

nm

4200

rot/min

4800

rot/min

3750

Momentul

MM

320

Nm

260

Nm

320

Turatia m.
Alezaj
Cursa
R.de comp.

nM

2200
81
95.5
16.5:1

rot/min
mm
mm
/

2200
80
82.8
22:01

rot/min
mm
mm
/

2250
85
88
16:01

D
S

Calculul termic pentru un MAC:

Calculul temperaturii aerului dupa compresor (turbosuflanta):

Ts
Ts=

ps
p0

T0

404.34453
131.19453

K
C

x 1
x

[K]

(temperatura aerului supraalimentat)

Calculul presiunii si temperaturii aerului dupa schimbatorul de caldura (intercooler):

T A Tc TR Ta

Alegerea parametrilor initiali:

T0=
293.15

TA =

338.47562
65.32562

K
C

pa=ps =

1.5

bar

150000

N/m

(temperatura aerului dupa intercooler)

(pierderile sunt mici deci se neglijeaza

2

(temperatura initiala)

p0=

102000

N/m2

Tr=

1000

pr=
=
=
pa=

110000
1.25
17
150000

N/m
/
/
N/m2

Ta =

338.475620034

(temperatura la sfarsitul admisiei)

p=

1.14

(coeficientul de postumplere)

(coeficientul gazelor reziduale)

Se calculeaza:
r=
0.0128082997
Ta=
v=

338.475620034
65.3256200343
1.5232112261

(temperatura gazelor reziduale)

2

K
C
/

Parametrii procesului de comprimare:

1 =
1.35
/
Se calculeaza:
pc=
6873852.33299
Tc=
912.398399867
639.248399867

N/m2
K
C

Parametrii procesului de ardere:

c=
0.857
kg
h=
0.133
kg

(presiunea initiala)
(presiunea gazelor reziduale)
(coeficientul de exces de aer)
(raport de comprimare)
(presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei)

(coeficientul de umplere)

(coeficient politropic de comprimare)

(presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii)
(temperatura la sfarsitul comprimarii)

(compozitia motorinei)

(compozitia motorinei)
o=
Qi =

0.01
41868
0.75
1.75

kg
kJ/kg
/
/

(puterea calorica inferioara)

(coeficient de utilizare a caldurii)
(coeficientul de crestere a presiunii)

=
=
Se calculeaza:
Lmin =
0.4969246032 kmol aer / kg comb
L=

(aerul minim pentru arderea a 1kg de

0.621155754 kmol aer/ kg comb

(cantitatea reala de aer necesara arde

0 =

1.0540323418 (coeficientul teoretic variatiei molare)

f=

1.0533490314 (coeficientul real al variatiei molare)

C' =

35.8757321577 kJ/kmol K

(caldura specifica molara a amestecului)

C" =

27.362654

* Tz

(caldura specifica molara a gazelor de ardere)

Tz =

K
C
N/m2

(temperatura la sfarsitul arderii)

pz=

2552.45383162
2279.30383162
12029241.5827

1.6838664035 (gradul de destindere prealabila)

Destinderea:
2 =

1.3

Se calculeaza:
=
10.095812806
pb=
595462.711472
Tb=

(presiunea la sfarsitul arderii)

/
/
N/m2

1275.60293128

(gradul de destindere)
(presiunea la sfarsitul destinderii)
(temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii)

Parametrii principali ai motorului:

r=

0.94

(coeficient de rotunjire a diagramei)

m=

0.668

(randamentul mecanic)

Se calculeaza:
p I' =
2312076.00663
pi=

2173351.44623

i =

0.506

N/m2

(presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic)

N/m2

(presiunea medie indicata)

(randamentul indicat al motorului)

pe=

1451798.76608

e =

0.338

ge =

N/m2

(presiunea medie efectiva)

(randamentul efectiv al motorului)

0.2544813442 kg/kWh
254.4813442 g/kWh

(consum specific efectiv de combustibil)

Dimensiunile fundamentale ale motorului:

=
1.03
/
(raport cursa alezaj)
Se calculeaza:
Vh=
0.393
l
(capacitatea cilindrica necesara)
D=
0.7860256507
dm
(diametrul alezajului)
78.6
mm
S=
81.0
mm
(cursa)
Wn=
11.1353633856
m/s
(viteza medie a pistonului)
Vt =
1.964
l
(cilindrea totala a motorului)
Pl=

51.4178729655

kW/l

(puterea litrica a motorului)

Proiect la procese si caracteristici ale motoarelor cu ardere intern

motorului

Ford C-Max 2.0 tdci

Volvo S40 2.0 tdi

Alfa Romeo 159 1.9 JTDm

/
cm3
/
kW

4
1997
Turbo
100

/
cm3
/
kW

4
1910
Trubo
110

/
cm3
/
kW

rot/min

4000

rot/min

4000

rot/min

Nm

320

Nm

320

Nm

rot/min
mm
mm
/

2000
?
?
?

rot/min
mm
mm
/

2000
82
90.4
17.5:1

rot/min
mm
mm
/

T0=

C
K
/
bar

(temperatura mediului ambiant 20 + 15C preluat de la motor )

x=
ps=

35
308.15
1.4
1.5

p0 =

0.966

bar

(presiunea de vacum inaintea turbinei)

ului supraalimentat)

(exponentul adiabatic pentru aer)

(presiunea de supraalimentare)

(intercooler):
Tc=

Ts-T0 =

96.194525

(cresterea temperaturi in compresor)

TR=

Ts-Tr =

80.868905

(scaderea temperaturi in schimbatorul de caldura)

Tr =

80%Ts =

323.47562

(gradul de racire a schimbatorului de caldura)

Ta=

T0+15 =

323.15

(cresterea temperaturi la sfarsitul admisiei)

1.02

bar

1.1

bar

1.5

bar

65.32562

68.738523

bar

ului dupa intercooler)

mici deci se neglijeaza)

tru arderea a 1kg de combustibil)

de aer necesara arderii)

Tz
x=
y=
z=

mestecului)

dere)

120.29242

bar

5.9546271

bar

1002.4529

C
p I'
x=
y=
z=

23.12076

bar

21.733514

bar

14.517988

bar

or cu ardere interna

5C preluat de la motor )

i in compresor)

i in schimbatorul de caldura)

himbatorului de caldura)

i la sfarsitul admisiei)

49913.2346
46007.9011
37.5799689

1.19676621
5.98218221
1.7972186

Pm =
nm =

101
137.36
4250

a=
b=
c=
d=
k=

0.87
1.13
1.55
1.55
1

n [rot/min]
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
3100
3200
3300
3400
3500
3600
3700
3800

Pe [kW]
28.2022376
31.3228567
34.4668835
37.6265156
40.7939507
43.9613863
47.12102
50.2650494
53.3856722
56.4750858
59.525488
62.5290762
65.4780482
68.3646015
71.1809337
73.9192423
76.5717251
79.1305796
81.5880033
83.936194
86.1673491
88.2736664
90.2473433
92.0805775
93.7655665
95.2945081
96.6595997
97.853039
98.8670236

[kW]
[cp]
[rot/min]
c=
1 =
2 =
3 =
=
Pe [cp]
38.3550431
42.599085
46.8749615
51.1720612
55.4797729
59.7874853
64.0845872
68.3604672
72.6045141
76.8061167
80.9546636
85.0395437
89.0501456
92.975858
96.8060698
100.53017
104.137546
107.617588
110.959685
114.153224
117.187595
120.052186
122.736387
125.229585
127.52117
129.600531
131.457056
133.080133
134.459152

0.49412
1.0116233099
0.9767533802
-0.98837669
1

Me [Nm]
ce [g/kWh]
269.3115308 71.033919316
271.9193164 78.893927046
274.2787439 86.8128926
276.3898132 94.771163807
278.2525243 102.74908849
279.8668773 110.72701449
281.2328721 118.68528963
282.3505087 126.60426173
283.2197871 134.46427864
283.8407074 142.24568816
284.2132695 149.92883814
284.3374734 157.4940764
284.2133192 164.92175078
283.8408067 172.19220909
283.2199362 179.28579918
282.3507074 186.18286886
281.2331204 192.86376597
279.8671753 199.30883833
278.252872 205.49843378
276.3902106 211.41290014
274.279191 217.03258524
271.9198131 222.33783691
269.3120772 227.30900298
266.455983 231.92643128
263.3515307 236.17046964
259.9987202 240.02146588
256.3975515 243.45976783
252.5480247 246.46572333
248.4501397 249.0196802

Ce [kg/h]
7.174425851
7.968286632
8.768102153
9.571887544
10.37765794
11.18342846
11.98721425
12.78703044
13.58089214
14.3668145
15.14281265
15.90690172
16.65709683
17.39141312
18.10786572
18.80446975
19.47924036
20.13019267
20.75534181
21.35270291
21.92029111
22.45612153
22.9582093
23.42456956
23.85321743
24.24216805
24.58943655
24.89303806
25.1509877

3900
4000
4100
4200
4250
4300
4400
4500

99.693751
100.325419
100.754225
100.972367
101
100
88
75

135.583501
136.44257
137.025746
137.322419
137.36
136
119.68
102

244.1038965 251.10198627
239.5092951 252.69298937
234.6663356 253.77303733
229.5750179 254.32247797
226.9362247 254.39207925
222.0766648 251.87334579
190.9859317 221.6485443
159.1549431 188.90500934

25.36130061
25.52199193
25.63107677
25.68657028
25.6936
25.43920792
22.38650297
19.07940594

Caracteristica exterioara a motorului

e=
Qi =

0.338
41868

[kJ/kg]

Pe [kW]
Me [Nm]
ce [g/kWh]
Ce [kg/h]
300
275
250
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0

75
50
25

0
750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500 3750 4000 4250 4500 475

n [rot/min]

ioara a motorului

50 3500 3750 4000 4250 4500 4750

n [rot/min]

n=
R=
S=
l=
=
=

( unghiul de rotatie al arborelui cotit )

4250
rot/min
( turatia arborelui cotit )
0.0405
m
( raza manivelei )
0.081
m
( cursa pistonului )
0.162
m
( lungimea bielei)
445.058959
rad/s
( viteza unghiulara)
70.8336059
rot/s
0.25

0
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
330
345
360

x [cm]
0
0.17191272
0.66915961
1.43934254
2.4046875
3.47412055
4.55625
5.57055481
6.4546875
7.16690746
7.68396539
7.99591192
8.1
7.99591192
7.68396539
7.16690746
6.4546875
5.57055481
4.55625
3.47412055
2.4046875
1.43934254
0.66915961
0.17191272
0

v [m/s]
0
5.79174
10.96370
14.99863
17.56126
18.53726
18.02489
16.28415
13.65876
10.49241
7.06119
3.53863
0.00000
-3.53863
-7.06119
-10.49241
-13.65876
-16.28415
-18.02489
-18.53726
-17.56126
-14.99863
-10.96370
-5.79174
0.000

a [km/s2]
10.027672284
9.4856338972
7.9501423795
5.6725080573
3.0083016852
0.3394382644
-2.005534457
-3.81312584
-5.013836142
-5.672508057
-5.944607923
-6.011946322
-6.01660337
-6.011946322
-5.944607923
-5.672508057
-5.013836142
-3.81312584
-2.005534457
0.3394382644
3.0083016852
5.6725080573
7.9501423795
9.4856338972
10.027672284

25
20
15
10
5
0
0
-5
-10

90

0
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25

90

Cinematica mecanismului biela manivela

x [cm]
v [m/s]
90

180

270

360

a [km/s2]

x [cm]
v [m/s]
90

180

270

360

a [km/s2]

la manivela

x [cm]
v [m/s]
360

a [km/s2]

x [cm]
v [m/s]
360

a [km/s2]

1. Fortele care actioneaza in mecanismul biela manivela:

1.1 Forta de presiune a gazelor
p ind =

2173351

N/m2

p 0=

100000

N/m

D=

0.0784

pg =

2073351

Ap =

0.004827497

1.2 Fortele de inertie

1.2.1 Fortele de inertie a pieselor aflate in miscare de tranzlatie
mp =

0.244

kg

mb =

0.244
m1b =

kg
0.0671

10027.67

m/s2

ap=

mj =
kg

1.2.2 Fortele de inertie a pieselor aflate in miscare de rotatie

R=
=
mm =

0.0405
445.059

m
rad/s

0.105

kg

mbr =

0.0735

kg

m2b =

0.1769

kg

1.2.3 Fortele rezultante din mecanismul biela-manivela

F=

Fg + Fj

mr =

0.4289

Calculul dinamic al motorului

N/m2
Fg =
m2

0.3111

kg

Fr =
kg

10009.0956

1020.29517

kg

Fj =

-3119.60814

-318.002868

kg

-3440.69554

-350.733491

kg

c al motorului

1.2.3 Fortele rezultante din mecanismul biela-manivela

Variatia fortelor F, Fg, Fj, N, B, T, Z :
D=

78.6

mm

pa =

0.966

MPa

Vc =

S=

81

mm

po =

1.02

MPa

Va =

n=

4250

rpm

pz =

120.29

MPa

2 =

17

pr =

1.1

MPa

mp =

0.25

1 =

1.35

RAC
0
9
18
27
36
45
54
63
72
81
90
99
108
117
126
135
144
153
162
171
180
189
198
207
216
225
234
243
252

V
[dm3]
0.02456405
0.02765136
0.03678834
0.05160799
0.07152422
0.0957679
0.12343312
0.15352972
0.1850379
0.21696063
0.24836986
0.27844326
0.30648925
0.33195926
0.35444733
0.37367843
0.38948799
0.40179568
0.41057717
0.41583741
0.41758889
0.41583741
0.41057717
0.40179568
0.38948799
0.37367843
0.35444733
0.33195926
0.30648925

Fg
[N]
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-23.58149001
-21.18106029
-13.82689828
-1.043998875
18.017359617
44.681592931
80.917296736
129.61602008
195.05113555

a
[m/s2]
10250.5094459
10042.6793473
9432.29696453
8457.58111612
7178.65053343
5672.50805727
4026.68960677
2332.17038709
676.186410544
-864.36850919
-2228.3716187
-3374.2461882
-4281.7674291
-4951.7783353
-5403.8990067
-5672.5080573
-5801.4411335
-5837.9731679
-5826.7159459
-5804.06465
-5793.7662086
-5804.06465
-5826.7159459
-5837.9731679
-5801.4411335
-5672.5080573
-5403.8990067
-4951.7783353
-4281.7674291

P
*10 [Pa]
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.966
0.9714968199
0.9883373482
1.0176093139
1.0612585218
1.1223177932
1.2052950777
1.316811825
1.466653766
5

Fj
F
[N]
[N]
-2869.11759 -2892.699084
-2810.94595 -2834.527439
-2640.09992 -2663.68141
-2367.27695 -2390.858444
-2009.30428 -2032.885774
-1587.73501 -1611.316495
-1127.07042 -1150.651911
-652.774491 -676.3559814
-189.264576 -212.8460663
241.936746 218.3552557
623.721216 600.1397261
944.451508 920.8700181
1198.4667 1174.885213
1386.00276 1362.421266
1512.55133 1488.969842
1587.73501 1564.153515
1623.82337 1600.241883
1634.04869 1610.4672
1630.89779 1607.316303
1624.5577 1600.976206
1621.67516 1598.093672
1624.5577 1603.376635
1630.89779 1617.070895
1634.04869 1633.004691
1623.82337 1641.840733
1587.73501 1632.416598
1512.55133 1593.468629
1386.00276 1515.618776
1198.4667 1393.517839

261
270
279
288
297
306
315
324
333
342
351
360
369
378
387
396
405
414
423
432
441
450
459
468
477
486
495
504
513
522
531
540
549
558
567
576
585
594
603
612
621
630
639

0.27844326
0.24836986
0.21696063
0.1850379
0.15352972
0.12343312
0.0957679
0.07152422
0.05160799
0.03678834
0.02765136
0.02456405
0.02765136
0.03678834
0.05160799
0.07152422
0.0957679
0.12343312
0.15352972
0.1850379
0.21696063
0.24836986
0.27844326
0.30648925
0.33195926
0.35444733
0.37367843
0.38948799
0.40179568
0.41057717
0.41583741
0.41758889
0.41583741
0.41057717
0.40179568
0.38948799
0.37367843
0.35444733
0.33195926
0.30648925
0.27844326
0.24836986
0.21696063

1.669527701 283.64501835
1.9480705385 405.28307648
2.338158391 575.63220229
2.8985864718 820.367928
3.7293089466 1183.1396638
5.0067436569 1740.9880686
7.0524695463 2634.3448207
10.4586701679 4121.8130785
16.2487620276 6650.3129549
25.6613443169 10760.733607
37.7286141145 16030.441054
44.267313909 18885.853718
37.7286141145 16030.441054
25.6613443169 10760.733607
16.2487620276 6650.3129549
10.4586701679 4121.8130785
7.0524695463 2634.3448207
5.0067436569 1740.9880686
3.7293089466 1183.1396638
2.8985864718 820.367928
2.338158391 575.63220229
1.9480705385 405.28307648
2.3
368.343
2.7
331.3432
3
294.53
3.2
257.32453
3.3
220.342
3
183.5867
2.8
146.2758
2.6
109.8474
2.2
72.264
1.8
35.173
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075
1.1
34.93554075

-3374.2461882
-2228.3716187
-864.36850919
676.186410544
2332.17038709
4026.68960677
5672.50805727
7178.65053343
8457.58111612
9432.29696453
10042.6793473
10250.5094459
10042.6793473
9432.29696453
8457.58111612
7178.65053343
5672.50805727
4026.68960677
2332.17038709
676.186410544
-864.36850919
-2228.3716187
-3374.2461882
-4281.7674291
-4951.7783353
-5403.8990067
-5672.5080573
-5801.4411335
-5837.9731679
-5826.7159459
-5804.06465
-5793.7662086
-5804.06465
-5826.7159459
-5837.9731679
-5801.4411335
-5672.5080573
-5403.8990067
-4951.7783353
-4281.7674291
-3374.2461882
-2228.3716187
-864.36850919

944.451508
623.721216
241.936746
-189.264576
-652.774491
-1127.07042
-1587.73501
-2009.30428
-2367.27695
-2640.09992
-2810.94595
-2869.11759
-2810.94595
-2640.09992
-2367.27695
-2009.30428
-1587.73501
-1127.07042
-652.774491
-189.264576
241.936746
623.721216
944.451508
1198.4667
1386.00276
1512.55133
1587.73501
1623.82337
1634.04869
1630.89779
1624.5577
1621.67516
1624.5577
1630.89779
1634.04869
1623.82337
1587.73501
1512.55133
1386.00276
1198.4667
944.451508
623.721216
241.936746

1228.096526
1029.004293
817.568948
631.1033517
530.3651725
613.9176477
1046.609816
2112.508794
4283.036
8120.633686
13219.4951
16016.73612
13219.4951
8120.633686
4283.036
2112.508794
1046.609816
613.9176477
530.3651725
631.1033517
817.568948
1029.004293
1312.794508
1529.809903
1680.532756
1769.875862
1808.077005
1807.410073
1780.32449
1740.745193
1696.821696
1656.848162
1659.493236
1665.833334
1668.98423
1658.758914
1622.670546
1547.486873
1420.938297
1233.402244
979.3870488
658.6567568
276.8722865

648
657
666
675
684
693
702
711
720

0.1850379
0.15352972
0.12343312
0.0957679
0.07152422
0.05160799
0.03678834
0.02765136
0.02456405

1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.02

34.93554075
34.93554075
34.93554075
34.93554075
34.93554075
34.93554075
34.93554075
34.93554075
0

676.186410544
2332.17038709
4026.68960677
5672.50805727
7178.65053343
8457.58111612
9432.29696453
10042.6793473
10250.5094459

-189.264576 -154.3290356
-652.774491 -617.8389506
-1127.07042 -1092.13488
-1587.73501 -1552.799464
-2009.30428 -1974.368744
-2367.27695 -2332.341414
-2640.09992 -2605.16438
-2810.94595 -2776.010409
-2869.11759 -2869.117594

0.025

dm3

m2b =

0.177

kg

0.418

dm3

m1b =

0.067

kg

mb =

0.244

kg

mj =

0.311

kg

1.3
0.244

kg

N
[rad]
[N]
0
0
0.04346771 -123.288061
0.08594382 -229.492261
0.12644514 -303.933975
0.16400796 -336.431379
0.19770397 -322.780161
0.2266628 -265.370184
0.25010099 -172.774799
0.26735607 -58.3014684
0.27792189 62.2980035
0.28148007 173.534882
0.27792189 262.729484
0.26735607 321.817238
0.25010099 348.029835
0.2266628 343.395076
0.19770397 313.332437
0.16400796 264.831202
0.12644514 204.728013
0.08594382 138.480019
0.04346771 69.6346239
3.402E-017 5.436E-014
-0.04346771 -69.7390308
-0.08594382 -139.320436
-0.12644514 -207.593054
-0.16400796 -271.715582
-0.19770397 -327.00695
-0.2266628 -367.495208
-0.25010099 -387.164063
-0.26735607 -381.703724

B
[N]
-2892.699084
-2837.207386
-2673.549205
-2410.099575
-2060.536494
-1643.328294
-1180.856111
-698.0748847
-220.6864499
227.06840146
624.72557673
957.61598348
1218.1632071
1406.1708545
1528.0547662
1595.2283332
1622.007907
1623.4279043
1613.2707195
1602.4898725
1598.0936718
1604.8925717
1623.0614478
1646.1467725
1664.1725721
1664.8475892
1635.2966086
1564.2877887
1444.8493696

T
Z
[N]
[N]
0
-2892.69908
-565.187964 -2780.3432
-1041.38293 -2462.39455
-1356.23417 -1992.28734
-1467.07898 -1446.88974
-1367.61286 -911.13278
-1086.87763 -461.647235
-681.075709 -153.115717
-220.444783 -10.3250603
225.412495 -27.3727241
600.139726 -173.534882
868.432634 -403.550657
1017.93524 -669.125878
1055.924 -928.623165
1002.75934 -1153.00697
884.464067 -1327.58305
726.345636 -1450.28675
548.722814 -1527.88135
364.985728 -1571.44132
181.67055 -1592.15879
1.957E-013 -1598.09367
-181.942939 -1594.546
-367.200779 -1580.97819
-556.40185 -1549.26311
-745.227246 -1487.98747
-923.064014 -1385.52168
-1073.13494 -1233.92723
-1174.65741 -1033.04223
-1207.36128 -793.642509

Ap =

0.00485216

F
Fg
Fj
25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0
-5000

N
B
20000

15000

10000

60

120

-0.27792189 -350.382964
-0.28148007 -297.544274
-0.27792189 -233.257098
-0.26735607 -172.867898
-0.25010099 -135.48152
-0.2266628 -141.585337
-0.19770397 -209.657684
-0.16400796 -349.608549
-0.12644514 -544.473957
-0.08594382 -699.641698
-0.04346771 -574.983292
-6.804E-017 -1.090E-012
0.04346771 574.983292
0.08594382 699.641698
0.12644514 544.473957
0.16400796 349.608549
0.19770397 209.657684
0.2266628 141.585337
0.25010099 135.48152
0.26735607 172.867898
0.27792189 233.257098
0.28148007 297.544274
0.27792189 374.547783
0.26735607 419.035998
0.25010099 429.291257
0.2266628 408.179292
0.19770397 362.195378
0.16400796 299.116394
0.12644514 226.320843
0.08594382 149.975725
0.04346771 73.8034333
1.021E-016 1.691E-013
-0.04346771 -72.1798281
-0.08594382 -143.521615
-0.12644514 -212.166895
-0.16400796 -274.515448
-0.19770397 -325.054613
-0.2266628 -356.890622
-0.25010099 -362.977981
-0.26735607 -337.845858
-0.27792189 -279.424727
-0.28148007 -190.455519
-0.27792189 -78.9932471

1277.1019144
1071.1593854
850.19283596
654.35063286
547.39607082
630.03276572
1067.4026656
2141.2425232
4317.5049822
8150.7171446
13231.993674
16016.736124
13231.993674
8150.7171446
4317.5049822
2141.2425232
1067.4026656
630.03276572
547.39607082
654.35063286
850.19283596
1071.1593854
1365.1796446
1586.1618795
1734.4974279
1816.3344685
1843.9978169
1831.9939384
1794.6521704
1747.1939062
1698.4259811
1656.8481618
1661.0622291
1672.0045307
1682.4158679
1681.3208694
1654.9079136
1588.1078481
1466.5669634
1278.8357674
1018.4680504
685.63986752
287.92046837

-1158.16465 -538.185791
-1029.00429 -297.544274
-843.992767 -102.489355
-653.634073 30.6145199
-534.066152 120.065832
-579.891583 246.306795
-888.315268 591.814528
-1524.54077 1503.56077
-2429.5875 3569.02702
-3174.81261 7506.98041
-2635.88894 12966.794
-3.923E-012 16016.7361
2635.88894 12966.794
3174.81261 7506.98041
2429.5875 3569.02702
1524.54077 1503.56077
888.315268 591.814528
579.891583 246.306795
534.066152 120.065832
653.634073 30.6145199
843.992767 -102.489355
1029.00429 -297.544274
1238.03965 -575.302785
1325.44643 -871.264174
1302.4715 -1145.44722
1191.93788 -1370.53091
1022.3927 -1534.61432
820.37874 -1638.04167
606.597057 -1689.02825
395.284457 -1701.89211
192.546604 -1687.47641
6.087E-013 -1656.84816
-188.310762 -1650.35353
-378.273643 -1628.65227
-568.660898 -1583.39759
-752.906364 -1503.32028
-917.553025 -1377.24967
-1042.16813 -1198.32054
-1101.27674 -968.508237
-1068.63513 -702.452759
-923.617511 -429.194434
-658.656757 -190.455519
-285.820796 -34.7083411

15000

10000

5000

0
0

120

-5000

T
Z
20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0

-5000

120

-0.26735607
-0.25010099
-0.2266628
-0.19770397
-0.16400796
-0.12644514
-0.08594382
-0.04346771
-1.361E-016

42.2728479
157.826653
251.874638
311.057984
326.747133
296.495093
224.450665
120.742857
3.904E-013

-160.0138897
-637.6787758
-1120.803029
-1583.648713
-2001.223532
-2351.111612
-2614.815394
-2778.635029
-2869.117594

159.838663
622.150337
1031.60388
1317.94624
1424.84881
1323.03991
1018.50533
553.520015
1.405E-012

-7.48642725
-139.868437
-438.169913
-878.043821
-1405.24072
-1943.52546
-2408.29949
-2722.94477
-2869.11759

m2

F
Fg
Fj
25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0
-5000

N
B
20000

15000

10000

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

480

540 600

660

720

15000

10000

5000

0
0

120

240

360

480

600

720

-5000

T
Z
20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0

-5000

120

240

360

480

600

720

660

720

720

720

1.1 Alegerea ordinii de lucru

( Schema arborelui cotit pentru motorul cu 5 cilindri in linie in 4 timpi)

=

0
144
576
288
432

144

RAC

(unghiul de decalaj intre doua aprinderi succesive)

Schema de lucru a cilindrilor

Cilindrul
1
2
3
4
5

nderi succesive)

Momentul total al motorului

C
pr =

110000

N/m2

pa =

96600

N/m2

pz =

12029242

N/m2

1 =

1.35

2 =

1.3

Va =

0.418

dm3

Vc =

0.025

dm3

Ap =

0.00485
0.081
0.25
0.0405
445.059

m2
m
m
rad/s

xp [m]

Vx [dm3]

px [N/m2]

0.000
0.002
0.007
0.014
0.024
0.035
0.046
0.056
0.065
0.072
0.077
0.080
0.081
0.080
0.077
0.072
0.065
0.056
0.046
0.035
0.024
0.014
0.007

0.025
0.03333777
0.05745424
0.09480811
0.14162734
0.19349485
0.24597813
0.29517191
0.33805234
0.37259501
0.39767232
0.41280173
0.41785
0.41280173
0.39767232
0.37259501
0.33805234
0.29517191
0.24597813
0.19349485
0.14162734
0.09480811
0.05745424

96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
96600
98246
103325
112822
128658
154513
197631
273251
416406
715853
1407603

S=
b =
R=
=

0
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
330

v [m/s]
1.127
5.641
9.576
12.746
15.047
16.435
16.898
16.435
15.047
12.746
9.576
5.641
1.127
-3.690
-8.449
-12.746
-16.173
-18.386
-19.151
-18.386
-16.173
-12.746
-8.449

px [N/m2]
14000000
12000000
10000000
8000000
6000000
4000000
2000000
0
180

v [m/s]
20
15
10
5

v [m/s]
20
15

345
350
355
360
361
365
370
375
390
405
420
435
450
465
480
495
510
525
540
555
570
585
600
615
630
645
660
675
690
705
720

0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.007
0.014
0.024
0.035
0.046
0.056
0.065
0.072
0.077
0.080
0.081
0.080
0.077
0.072
0.065
0.056
0.046
0.035
0.024
0.014
0.007
0.002
0.000

0.03333777
0.0287245
0.02593396
0.025
0.0250374
0.02593396
0.0287245
0.03333777
0.05745424
0.09480811
0.14162734
0.19349485
0.24597813
0.29517191
0.33805234
0.37259501
0.39767232
0.41280173
0.41785
0.41280173
0.39767232
0.37259501
0.33805234
0.29517191
0.24597813
0.19349485
0.14162734
0.09480811
0.05745424
0.03333777
0.025

2934951
3588593
4119477
4328586
12005891
11469135
10042272
8274520
4077947
2126479
1262028
841182
615736
485806
407269
358882
329744
314121
309196
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000
110000

-3.690
-2.071
-0.462
1.127
1.440
2.680
4.189
5.641
9.576
12.746
15.047
16.435
16.898
16.435
15.047
12.746
9.576
5.641
1.127
-3.690
-8.449
-12.746
-16.173
-18.386
-19.151
-18.386
-16.173
-12.746
-8.449
-3.690
1.127

10
5
0
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25

px [N/m2]
14000000

12000000

10000000

8000000

6000000

4000000

2000000

0
0

0.05

Cronomanograma si diagrama indicata

px [N/m2]
14000000
12000000
10000000
8000000
6000000
4000000
2000000
0
180

v [m/s]
20
15
10
5

300

420

v [m/s]
20
15
10
5
0
0

120

240

360

480

-5
-10
-15
-20
-25

px [N/m2]
14000000

12000000

10000000

8000000

6000000

4000000

2000000

0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

V [dm3 ]

x
0.35

0.4

0.45

600

540

80

0.45

600

720

Fcb =
R=

1419.925
0.0405

[N]
[m]

[]
0
9
18
27
36
45
54
63
72
81
90
99
108
117
126
135
144
153
162
171
180
189
198
207
216
225
234
243
252
261
270
279
288
297

T [N]
0
-565.188
-1041.383
-1356.234
-1467.079
-1367.613
-1086.878
-681.076
-220.445
225.412
600.140
868.433
1017.935
1055.924
1002.759
884.464
726.346
548.723
364.986
181.671
0
-181.943
-367.201
-556.402
-745.227
-923.064
-1073.135
-1174.657
-1207.361
-1158.165
-1029.004
-844
-653.634
-534.066

M [Nm]
0
-22.890
-42.176
-54.927
-59.417
-55.388
-44.019
-27.584
-8.928
9.129
24.306
35.172
41.226
42.765
40.612
35.821
29.417
22.223
14.782
7.358
0
-7.369
-14.872
-22.534
-30.182
-37.384
-43.462
-47.574
-48.898
-46.906
-41.675
-34.182
-26.472
-21.630

Z [N]
-2892.699
-2780.343
-2462.395
-1992.287
-1446.890
-911.133
-461.647
-153.116
-10.325
-27.373
-173.535
-403.551
-669.126
-928.623
-1153.007
-1327.583
-1450.287
-1527.881
-1571.441
-1592.159
-1598.094
-1594.546
-1580.978
-1549.263
-1487.987
-1385.522
-1233.927
-1033.042
-793.643
-538.186
-297.544
-102.489
30.615
120.066

Rm [N]

M2 [Nm]

4312.62412
4238.123488
4019.56264
3671.861163
3220.395577
2702.627514
2172.928254
1714.153241
1447.138985
1464.746258
1702.727871
2019.712564
2323.860125
2575.005659
2761.431765
2886.360573
2960.691423
2998.442803
3013.55061
3017.55748
3018.018708
3019.956761
3023.285731
3020.870943
3001.88587
2953.401165
2862.612519
2719.71845
2521.428671
2274.982059
2002.136525
1740.709444
1535.389596
1405.297337

0
-7.369
-14.872
-22.534
-30.182
-37.384
-43.462
-47.574
-48.898
-46.906
-41.675
-34.182
-26.472
-21.630
-23.486
-35.977
-61.744
-98.398
-128.580
-106.754
0
106.754
128.580
98.398
61.744
35.977
23.486
21.630
26.472
34.182
41.675
50.141
53.681
52.750

306
315
324
333
342
351
360
369
378
387
396
405
414
423
432
441
450
459
468
477
486
495
504
513
522
531
540
549
558
567
576
585
594
603
612
621
630
639
648
657
666
675
684

-579.892
-888.315
-1524.541
-2429.588
-3174.813
-2635.889
0
2635.889
3174.813
2429.588
1524.541
888.315
579.892
534.066
653.634
843.993
1029.004
1238.040
1325.446
1302.471
1191.938
1022.393
820.379
606.597
395.284
192.547
0
-188.311
-378.274
-568.661
-752.906
-917.553
-1042.168
-1101.277
-1068.635
-923.618
-658.657
-285.821
159.839
622.150
1031.604
1317.946
1424.849

-23.486
-35.977
-61.744
-98.398
-128.580
-106.754
0
106.754
128.580
98.398
61.744
35.977
23.486
21.630
26.472
34.182
41.675
50.141
53.681
52.750
48.273
41.407
33.225
24.567
16.009
7.798
0
-7.627
-15.320
-23.031
-30.493
-37.161
-42.208
-44.602
-43.280
-37.407
-26.676
-11.576
6.473
25.197
41.780
53.377
57.706

246.307
591.815
1503.561
3569.027
7506.980
12966.794
16016.736
12966.794
7506.980
3569.027
1503.561
591.815
246.307
120.066
30.615
-102.489
-297.544
-575.303
-871.264
-1145.447
-1370.531
-1534.614
-1638.042
-1689.028
-1701.892
-1687.476
-1656.848
-1650.354
-1628.652
-1583.398
-1503.320
-1377.250
-1198.321
-968.508
-702.453
-429.194
-190.456
-34.708
-7.486
-139.868
-438.170
-878.044
-1405.241

1309.066088
1214.442683
1526.833161
3243.691531
6865.251505
11843.90531
14596.81109
11843.90531
6865.251505
3243.691531
1526.833161
1214.442683
1309.066088
1405.297337
1535.389596
1740.709444
2002.136525
2348.12185
2646.952256
2877.076084
3034.363249
3126.434014
3166.098807
3167.57802
3146.743091
3113.361192
3076.773198
3076.048023
3071.956138
3056.68481
3018.647245
2943.822325
2818.035542
2630.099609
2376.229902
2066.957214
1739.871908
1482.447905
1436.33279
1679.293518
2125.258431
2649.083457
3164.135853

48.273
41.407
33.225
24.567
16.009
7.798
0
-7.627
-15.320
-23.031
-30.493
-37.161
-42.208
-44.602
-43.280
-37.407
-26.676
-11.576
6.473
25.197
41.780
53.377
57.706
53.583
41.249
22.418
0
-22.890
-42.176
-54.927
-59.417
-55.388
-44.019
-27.584
-8.928
9.129
24.306
35.172
41.226
42.765
40.612
35.821
29.417

693
702
711
720

1323.040
1018.505
553.520
0

53.583
41.249
22.418
0

-1943.525
-2408.299
-2722.945
-2869.118

3614.309594
3961.39573
4179.683557
4289.04263

22.223
14.782
7.358
0

Momentul motor mono cilindric

M3 [Nm]

Mt [Nm]

0
-7.627
-15.320
-23.031
-30.493
-37.161
-42.208
-44.602
-43.280
-37.407
-26.676
-11.576
6.473
25.197
41.780
53.377
57.706
53.583
41.249
22.418
0
-22.890
-42.176
-54.927
-59.417
-55.388
-44.019
-27.584
-8.928
9.129
24.306
35.172
41.226
42.765

0
-37.885
-72.368
-100.493
-120.091
-129.933
-129.688
-119.759
-101.106
-75.183
-44.045
-10.586
21.228
46.332
58.906
53.221
25.379
-22.592
-72.549
-76.978
0
76.495
71.532
20.937
-27.855
-56.796
-63.995
-53.528
-31.354
-3.595
24.306
51.130
68.435
73.885

T2 [N]

Z2 [N]

0
-1598.09367
-181.943
-1594.546
-367.201
-1580.97819
-556.402
-1549.26311
-745.227
-1487.98747
-923.064
-1385.52168
-1073.135 -1233.92723
-1174.657 -1033.04223
-1207.361 -793.642509
-1158.165 -538.185791
-1029.004 -297.544274
-843.993
-102.489355
-653.634
30.6145199
-534.066
120.065832
-579.892
246.306795
-888.315
591.814528
-1524.541 1503.56077
-2429.588 3569.02702
-3174.813 7506.98041
-2635.889
12966.794
0
16016.7361
2635.889 12966.794
3174.813 7506.98041
2429.588
3569.02702
1524.541
1503.56077
888.315
591.814528
579.892
246.306795
534.066
120.065832
653.634
30.6145199
843.993
-102.489355
1029.004 -297.544274
1238.040 -575.302785
1325.446 -871.264174
1302.471 -1145.44722

T ' [N]
0.000
-191.623
-337.091
-399.916
-360.926
-222.274
-6.871
246.791
493.458
691.789
814.572
856.213
835.785
794.995
791.325
886.390
1125.443
1489.155
1769.899
1408.780
0.000
-1408.916
-1771.007
-1492.995
-1134.884
-905.690
-826.513
-854.362
-930.498
-1001.079
-1029.004
-1041.016
-989.540
-918.269

Z ' [N]
-647.303
-592.899
-440.708
-221.512
20.549
237.194
386.140
439.963
391.659
255.407
62.005
-150.531
-349.870
-524.344
-699.657
-959.699
-1476.924
-2548.454
-4539.211
-7279.476
-8807.415
-7280.670
-4543.979
-2559.145
-1495.774
-988.668
-740.117
-576.554
-412.129
-217.848
0.000
236.407
450.939
632.757

40.612
35.821
29.417
22.223
14.782
7.358
0
-7.369
-14.872
-22.534
-30.182
-37.384
-43.462
-47.574
-48.898
-46.906
-41.675
-34.182
-26.472
-21.630
-23.486
-35.977
-61.744
-98.398
-128.580
-106.754
0
106.754
128.580
98.398
61.744
35.977
23.486
21.630
26.472
34.182
41.675
50.141
53.681
52.750
48.273
41.407
33.225

65.400
41.251
0.898
-51.608
-97.789
-91.598
0
91.758
98.388
52.833
1.069
-38.568
-62.184
-70.546
-65.706
-50.130
-26.676
4.383
33.682
56.318
66.568
58.807
29.188
-20.248
-71.321
-76.538
0
76.237
71.084
20.440
-28.166
-56.572
-62.741
-50.556
-25.736
5.904
39.305
73.736
101.380
120.712
130.665
130.605
120.349

1191.938 -1370.53091
1022.393 -1534.61432
820.379
-1638.04167
606.597
-1689.02825
395.284
-1701.89211
192.547
-1687.47641
0
-1656.84816
-188.311
-1650.35353
-378.274
-1628.65227
-568.661
-1583.39759
-752.906
-1503.32028
-917.553
-1377.24967
-1042.168 -1198.32054
-1101.277 -968.508237
-1068.635 -702.452759
-923.618
-429.194434
-658.657
-190.455519
-285.821
-34.7083411
159.839
-7.48642725
622.150
-139.868437
1031.604 -438.169913
1317.946 -878.043821
1424.849 -1405.24072
1323.040 -1943.52546
1018.505 -2408.29949
553.520
-2722.94477
0
-2892.69908
-565.188
-2780.3432
-1041.383 -2462.39455
-1356.234 -1992.28734
-1467.079 -1446.88974
-1367.613
-911.13278
-1086.878 -461.647235
-681.076
-153.115717
-220.445
-10.3250603
225.412
-27.3727241
600.140 -173.534882
868.433 -403.550657
1017.935 -669.125878
1055.924 -928.623165
1002.759 -1153.00697
884.464
-1327.58305
726.346
-1450.28675

-885.915
-955.354
-1172.460
-1518.092
-1785.049
-1414.218
0.000
1412.100
1776.543
1499.124
1138.724
902.934
811.030
817.671
861.135
883.805
843.831
761.930
582.804
340.161
80.167
-147.777
-302.235
-358.221
-311.610
-180.487
0.000
188.439
331.555
393.787
357.086
225.030
22.355
-210.101
-424.095
-574.515
-629.398
-577.127
-429.048
-216.887
14.422
216.741
349.252

808.419
1063.214
1570.801
2629.028
4604.436
7327.135
8836.792
7308.574
4567.816
2576.212
1503.441
984.532
722.314
544.287
366.534
163.353
-53.544
-270.297
-431.889
-502.789
-466.181
-328.285
-116.400
127.249
353.204
517.734
617.925
564.995
416.871
204.445
-28.215
-233.058
-368.337
-407.696
-346.064
-200.911
-8.460
184.421
330.820
394.377
357.419
224.770
22.523

24.567
16.009
7.798
0

100.374
72.040
37.573
0

548.723
364.986
181.671
0

-1527.88135
-1571.44132
-1592.15879
-1598.09367

387.159
326.760
185.925
0.000

-207.822
-418.429
-565.393
-635.512

Momentul mono cilindric

Rp [N]
647.303
623.095
554.846
457.166
361.510
325.065
386.201
504.454
629.998
737.431
816.928
869.344
906.060
952.341
1056.274
1306.411
1856.859
2951.644
4872.061
7414.542
8807.415
7415.740
4876.906
2962.812
1877.579
1340.798
1109.458
1030.703
1017.682
1024.508
1029.004
1067.522
1087.445
1115.167

M [Nm]
150

100

50

0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

-50

-100

-150

Diagrama polara

Z
[N]

17500.000
15000.000
12500.000
10000.000
7500.000
5000.000

12500.000
10000.000

1199.327
1429.380
1960.122
3035.851
4938.343
7462.367
8836.792
7443.741
4901.128
2980.645
1886.008
1335.887
1086.051
982.260
935.895
898.774
845.528
808.454
725.388
607.047
473.023
360.013
323.875
380.151
471.014
548.292
617.925
595.591
532.644
443.695
358.199
323.967
369.014
458.649
547.373
608.632
629.455
605.877
541.779
450.082
357.709
312.247
349.977

7500.000
5000.000
2500.000
0.000
-4000

-3000

-2000

-1000

1000

-2500.000
-5000.000

Desfasurarea fortei Rm pe fusu

Rm [N]
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

Momentul total

Mt [Nm]
150

100

420

Mt [Nm]

439.411
530.900
595.178
635.512

150

100

50

0
0

-50

-100

-150

60

120

180

240

300

360

Momentul mono cilindric

[]
240

300

360

420

Diagrama polara

17500.000
15000.000
12500.000
10000.000
7500.000
5000.000

480

540

600

660

720

12500.000
10000.000
7500.000
5000.000
2500.000
0.000

000

T
0

1000

2000
[N]

3000

4000

-2500.000
-5000.000

Desfasurarea fortei Rm pe fusul maneton

Rp [N]
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0

240

300

360

Momentul total

420

480

540

600

660

720

60

240

300

360

420

480

540

600

660

720

Desfasurata fortei Rp pe fusul palier

Rp [N]
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

480

540

600

660

720

ier

540

600

660

720