Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Modelarea numerica a
circuitelor electrice
Universitatea Tehnica din Cluj-Napoca
http://users.utcluj.ro/~lcret/
Despre curs
• Scop
– Familiarizarea studentilor cu metodele uzuale de modelare
numerica a circuitelor electrice.
• Obiective
– Cunoasterea modelelor matematice utilizate pentru
rezolvarea circuitelor electrice reciproce si nereciproce,
functionand in regim stationar, in regim permanent
sinusoidal si in regim tranzitoriu.
Cuprinsul cursului 7
Circuite analogice liniare in regim tranzitoriu
Generalitati
Metode operationale
Modelarea cuplajelor magnetice
Modele matematice pentru circuite reciproce in regim
tranzitoriu
Metoda teoremelor lui Kirchhoff
Metoda nodala modificata
Metoda tensiunilor ramurilor pasive
Metoda curentilor coardelor pasive
Modele matematice pentru circuite nereciproce in
regim tranzitoriu
Metoda teoremelor lui Kirchhoff
Metoda nodala modificata
Metoda hibrida
Capitolul 5
5.1 Generalitati
...
(
lC
q t )
– Fluxurile magnetice totale ale bobinelor
ϕ1 (t )
ϕ (t )
ϕ (t ) =
2
...
[
cu t ∈ t 0 , t final ]
ϕ (
l L
t )
Tuesday, May 13, 2014 6
Capitolul 5. Circuite analogice liniare in regim tranzitoriu
A ⋅ i (t ) = 0(n −1),1
B ⋅ u(t ) = 0
b ,1
f (i , u, q, ϕ ) = 0 l ,1
cu conditiile initiale:
q& (t ) − i (t ) = 0 q(t 0 ) = q0
ϕ (t 0 ) = ϕ 0
l C ,1
ϕ& (t ) − u(t ) = 0 l L ,1
U k (s ) ik (0 − )
sau I k (s ) = +
s ⋅ Lk s - sursa de curent operationala
• Condensatoare liniare
I k (s ) uk (0 − )
U k (s ) = + - sursa de tensiune operationala
s ⋅ Ck s
I k (s ) = s ⋅ C k ⋅ U k (s ) − C k ⋅ uk (0 − )
sau
- sursa de curent operationala
A ⋅ I (s ) = 0(n−1),1
B ⋅ U (s ) = 0
b ,1
Z k (s ) ⋅ I k (s ) − U k (s ) = 0 l p ,1 sau Yk (s ) ⋅ U k (s ) − I k (s ) = 0 l p ,1
U E (s ) = − El E ,1 (s ) si I J (s ) = J l J ,1 (s )
U J (s )
U Ec (s ) = − Ec (s ) = −[Ac Rc ]⋅
I
E ( s )
I (s ) = J (s ) = [G B ]⋅ U J (s )
c
Jc
c c
I (
E s )
Dupa determinarea solutiilor se calculeaza marimile instantanee prin
efectuarea transformatei Laplace inverse (cu formule specifice de
inversiune).
Tuesday, May 13, 2014
13
Capitolul 5. Circuite analogice liniare in regim tranzitoriu
A ⋅ I (s ) = 0(n−1),1
B ⋅ U (s ) = 0
b ,1
Z k (s ) ⋅ I k (s ) − U k (s ) = 0 l p ,1 sau Yk (s ) ⋅ U k (s ) − I k (s ) = 0 l p ,1
U E (s ) = − El E ,1 (s ) si I J (s ) = J l J ,1 (s )
U J (s )
U Ec (s ) = − Ec (s ) = −[Ac Rc ]⋅
I
E ( s )
I (s ) = J (s ) = [G B ]⋅ U J (s )
c
Jc
c c
I (
E s )
Dupa determinarea solutiilor se calculeaza marimile instantanee prin
efectuarea transformatei Laplace inverse (cu formule specifice de
inversiune).
Tuesday, May 13, 2014
15
Capitolul 5. Circuite analogice liniare in regim tranzitoriu
Forma generala a modelului matematic:
A ⋅ I (s ) = 0(n−1),1
B ⋅ U (s ) = 0
b ,1
Z k (s ) ⋅ I k (s ) − U k (s ) = 0 l p ,1 sau Yk (s ) ⋅ U k (s ) − I k (s ) = 0 l p ,1
U E (s ) = − El E ,1 (s ) si I J (s ) = J l J ,1 (s )
U J (s )
U Ec (s ) = − Ec (s ) = −[Ac Rc ]⋅
I
E ( s )
I (s ) = J (s ) = [G B ]⋅ U J (s )
c
Jc
c c
I (
E s )
Dupa determinarea solutiilor se calculeaza marimile instantanee prin
efectuarea transformatei Laplace inverse (cu formule specifice de
inversiune).
Tuesday, May 13, 2014
16
Capitolul 5. Circuite analogice liniare in regim tranzitoriu
5.3 Modelarea cuplajelor magnetice:
Se face utilizand surse comandate in domeniul operational.
Pentru cuplaje magnetice pozitive avem formulele:
U k (s ) = s ⋅ Lk ⋅ I k (s ) − Lk ⋅ ik (0 − ) + s ⋅ Lkj ⋅ I j (s ) − Lkj ⋅ i j (0 − )
U j (s ) = s ⋅ L j ⋅ I j (s ) − L j ⋅ i j (0 − ) + s ⋅ L jk ⋅ I k (s ) − L jk ⋅ ik (0 − )
Pentru a evita schemele echivalente de tip serie, cu surse de
tensiune, care introduc noduri suplimentare, se foloseste
modelarea cu surse de curent:
ik (0 − )
I k (s ) = Ykk (s ) ⋅ U k (s ) − J kj (s ) + s
i j (0 − )
I j (s ) = Y jj (s ) ⋅ U j (s ) − J jk (s ) +
s
Lj
Ykk (s ) = ; Y jj (s ) =
Lk
s (Lk L j − Lkj L jk ) s (Lk L j − Lkj L jk )
Lkj L jk
Ykj (s ) = ; Y jk (s ) =
s (Lk L j − Lkj L jk ) s (Lk L j − Lkj L jk )
J kj (s ) = Ykj (s ) ⋅ U j (s ) ; J jk (s ) = Y jk (s ) ⋅ U k (s )
sau
U p (s )
Ap ⋅ Y (s ) 0(n −1),l J AE − AJ ⋅ J (s )
B ⋅ U J (s ) =
p BJ 0 b ,l E B ⋅ E (s )
I E (s ) E
Ap ⋅ Y (s ) ⋅ Atp AE V (s ) − AJ ⋅ J (s )
⋅ =
AEt
0lE ,lE I E ( s ) − E (s )
(D pp ⋅ Ypc (s ) ⋅ Dt
pp + Ypa (s)) ⋅U pa ( s ) = Dpp ⋅ Ypc ( s ) ⋅ DEp ⋅ E(s) − DpJ ⋅ J (s)
t
I p (s)
I (s)
Ap AE + AJc ⋅ Bc AJc ⋅ Gc AEc 0(n−1),lJc E − AJ ⋅ J (s)
B ⋅ Z(s) − B ⋅ R ⋅ UJ (s) =
p BJ − BEc ⋅ Ac 0b,lEc BJc E
B ⋅ E( s)
Ec c
I
Ec ( s )
UJc (s)