SCOALA SANITARA POSTLICEALA SFANTUL APOSTOL ANDREI LOCALITATEA PLOIESTI

CAIET PRACTICA
FORME FARMACEUTICE SOLIDE PULBERI SI PILULE

Coordonator,

Elev:

Criterii de clasificare a pulberilor. I. Pulberi di! lati!a "Pul#eres$ n Farmaco eea Rom!n" #$

Clasificarea pulberilor %$D& a com o'(t(e: )*(m le )com &*e +$D& " mod&l de (ntre,&(ntare : ) (ntern ) e-tern . &dre/ ) &l,er( (n0ecta,(le . en(c(l(ne/ 1$D& " mod&l de 2orm&lare: ) &l,er( ned('olvate 3 v2$ c&4(t ) l(n5&r(4a ) l(n5&ra ) &l,er( d(v('ate 3 6m "r4(te 6n do'e &n(tare v2$ c&4(t 7 8,9 3 % 5 l(n5&r(4" 7 %,9 3 +,9 5 l(n5&ra 7 %8 3 %+,95 :$ D& a or(5(nea *&,*tante(: )m(nerale )ve5etale )an(male )o,t(n&te r(n *(nte'a 9$ D& a nat&ra re*cr( t(e( : ) o2(c(nale )ma5(*trale ) re arate (n (nd&*tr(e ;$ D& a 5rad&l de 2(nete al &l,er(( : )5ro*c(oare )m(0loc(( )*em(2(ne )2(ne )2oarte 2(ne )e-tra 2(ne Metode de preparare a pulberilor. Pre ararea &l,er(lor c& r(nde ma( m&lte o erat((: %.Uscarea pulberilor& )c& aer cald .6n et&v",6n *trat *&,4(re/ )6n d&la &r( de &*care )6n t&nel&r( de &*care )&*carea 6n re'en4a *&,*tan4elor de*<(dratante.ac(d *&l2&r(c concentrat,o-(d de calc(&/ )&*carea 6n v(d$

O,(ect(vele ma0ore ale &*car(( *&nt: )a*(5&rarea con*ervar(( &nor mater(ale )&*&r(nta la man( &lare *( tran* ort )o,t(nerea &nor re arate 2armace&t(ce ) o*(,(l(tatea de rel&crare (n 2orme 2armace&t(ce '.Pul#eri(area& n mo0ar c& a0&tor&l (*t(l&l&(, r(n lov(re =( tr(t&rare,2recarea &l,er(($ In (nd&*tr(e &lver('area *e real('ea'a c& d(2er(te mor( centr(2&5e c& d(*c&r(, c& ,(le,c& (etre or('ontale, c& 0et, v(,ratoare, colo(dale$ ).Cer!erea& Se 2ace c& a0&tor&l *(telor,=( e*te o,l(5ator(e la cant(t"4( ma( mar( de +8,88 5$ Sortarea d& " d(men*(&n( *e 2ace c& a0&tor&l mor(lor 6n (nd&*tr(e, *& c& a0&tor&l r!=n(4elor c!nd e*te vor,a de cant(t"4( ma( red&*e$ *.A+estecarea& Sco &l ame*tec"r(( e*te de a &nn(2orm('a &l,er(le,do'area c!t ma( corect"$ In 2armac(e ame*tecarea *&,*tantelor *e real('ea'a (n mo0are de re2erat cele c& eret( nete'($ In (nd&*tr(e *e 2olo*e*c d(2er(e ma*(n( de ame*tecat care 2&nct(onea'a d& a an&m(te r(nc( (( ,.Di#i(area& n 2armac(( *e 2ace c& a0&tor&l cartelelor,=( *e a rec(a'" oc&lar >ad oc&lo*$ D(v('area e*te o erat(a de (m art(re a ame*tec&l&( de &l,er( (n do'e &n(Ca metode de d(v('are *&nt: ) d(v('area v('&alad(v('are d& a vol&m r(n (m art(rea vol&m&l&( (n art( e5ale$ Prepararea pulberilor ofici!ale. La re ararea &l,er(lor o2(c(nale *e t(ne cont de &rmatoarele re5&l( ract(ce: I$S&,*tan4ele *e &*&c" 2(ecare *e arat$ II$S&,*tan4ele *e &lver('ea'" 2(ecare *e arat =( *e trece r(n *(ta (nd(cat" 6n 2orm&la de re arare$ III$S&,*tan4ele <(5ro*co (ce *e ame*tec" >ana arte* c& *&,*tan4e a,*or,ante ale &m(d(t"4((: ) o-(d de ma5ne'(& ) car,onat de ma5ne'(& ) am(don ) lacto'" I?$Dac" avem med(camente l(c<(de *e &n 6n lacto'" =( *e tr(t&rea'" ?$Ule(&r(le volat(le re*cr(*e 6n &l,er( . r(n (ntermed(&l car,onat&l&( de calc(&/ ?I$ Dac" &nem 6n &l,er( de &' (ntern . r(n (ntermed(&l 'a<"r&l&( care *e

mo0area'" c& &le(&l =( *e o,4(n @ OLEOSACAARURI ?II$P&l,er(le entr& l"5(,ar*&r(, =( (elea *&5ar&l&( tre,&(e *" 2(e *ter(le ?III$E-tractele &*cate .e-tract&m Belladonn&m *(c&m/ *e &lver('ea'" n&ma( r(n (ntermed(&l &ne( *&,*tan4e cr(*tal('ante$ E-: Pa aver(n( <Cdroclor(d&m 8,8+ 5 E-tract Belladonna *(c&m 8,81 5 E-tract&l *e ada&5" d& " a aver(n",care a 2o*t &lver('at" 6n reala,(l$ I#$S&,*tan4ele colorate *e c!nt"re*c e o tect&r" *a& e o <!rt(e$ #$S&,*tan4ele c& a " de cr(*tal('are *e &*&c" 6n *trat *&,4(re,6ntr)o ca *&l" de or4elan, e ,a(e de a "$ #I$Unele *&,*tan4e *e &lver('ea'" r(n (ntermed(&l altor *&,*tan4e: E-$ Pr(n alcool&l et(l(c concentrat: ) ac(d *al(c(l(c ) ane*te'(na ) mentol&l ) ac(d&l ,or(c ) cam2or&l C& a0&tor&l a %)1 (c"t&r( de alcool concentrat$ Pulberi . Co!ser#are i! far+acie. Se c&no*c &rmatoarele metode de control : %$Omo5en(tatea: ) &l,er(le tre,&(e *a a(,a &n a* ect &n(2orm )*e e-am(nea'a c& l& a d& ace ace*tea a& 2o*t (nt(n*e *trat *&,t(re e o lamella d(n *t(cla$ )(n

+$ Drad&l de 2(n(te : ) *e determ(na c& a0&tor&l *(telor *tandard (ar re'(d&l re'&ltat (n &rma cerner(( n& tre,&(e *a de a*ea*ca 9E d(n ma*a (n(t(ala$ 1$ Fa*a totala de rec( (ent :)*e e2ect&ea'a (n ca'&l &l,er(lor ned(v('ate$ :$ Un(2orm(tatea ma*e( : )*e determ(na la &l,er(le d(v('ate$ 9$ Control&l *ter(l(tat(( : )*e e2ect&ea'a (n cadr&l &l,er(lor care *e a l(ca e la5(,ar*&r( *( celor ce *e a l(ca e (elea *&5ar(lor$ ;$ Do'area : ) &l,er(le nece*(ta o con*ervare core* &n'atoare entr& a &tea 2( 2er(te de o-(5en&l atmo* <er(c, de l&m(na *( de cald&ra$ Pentr& a n& *e de*com &ne 6n t(m &l "*tr"r((, *e re ar" d(n *&,*tan4e &*cate 6n

reala,(l$Prod&*ele e2erve*cente *e "*trea'" 6n re'en4a *(l(co5en&l&($ Co!ser#are& Con*ervarea e*te l(m(tat" 6n t(m $ Unele *&,*tan4e *&nt <(5ro*co (ce =( a,*or, &m(d(tatea d(n atmo*2er": E-: Clorura de amoniu, Bromura de sodiu, Iodura de sodiu, Belladone sicum Alte *&,*tan4e *&nt e2lore*cente,care 6n t(m (erd a " de cr(*tal('are: E-: Sulfatul de magneziu, Sulfat de sodiu Rec( (ente ,(ne 6nc<(*e .RB/ Rec( (ente 6nc<(*e etan= 3 6n ca'&l &l,er(lor e2erve*cente .RE/

Criterii de clasificare a capsulelor. Ca *&lele *e cla*(2(ca d& a &rmatoarele cr(ter((: %$ D& a 2orma : )ovo(da )*2er(ce )al&n5(te )c(l(ndr(ce +$ D& a con*(*tenta : )ela*t(ce mo( )r(5(de, d&re )tar( 1$ D& a mod&l de re arare : )ca *&le o,t(n&te r(n (mer*(e )ca *&le *tantate )ca *&le o,t(n&te r(n (c&rare :$ D& a mod&l de act(&ne: )ca *&le c& e22ect (med(at )ca *&le c& act(&ne controlata )ca *&le c& act(&ne rel&n5(ta Clasificare& d& " nat&ra 6nvel(=&l&(: )ca *&le AFILACEE .ca=ete/ )ca *&le DELATINOASE ) mo( )tar( Descriere& %$Ca *&lele am(lacee: % *e o,4(n d(n am(don + a& 2orma &nor c(l(ndr(( la4( a c"ror d(men*(&ne d(2er", entr& a *e &tea 6nc<(de r(n *& ra &nere 1 con4(n doar &l,er( +$Ca *&lele 5elat(noa*e mo(: : *e ma( n&me*c PERLE

*&nt alc"t&(te d(ntr)&n 6nvel(= moale de 5elat(n" a& 2orm" *2er(c" *a& oval" con4(n *&,*tan4e l(c<(de 3 e-$ ?(tam(ne l( *ol&,(le A,D,E *&,*tan4e act(ve *&, 2orm" de a*t" *&,*tan4e *ol(de d('olvate 6ntr)o *ol&4(e 1$Ca *&lele 5elat(noa*e tar(
9 ; G H I

Metode de preparare a capsulelor.

%$ Ca *&lele am(lacee *e re ara (n (nd&*tr(e d(n am(don de 5ra& ame*tecat c&

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am(don de or&m,J(ar acea*ta coca *e toarna (n t( are *( *e *& &ne &ne( &*car(( la %88 KCJ a*te( I *e ada&5a &le(,5l(cer(na *( d(ver*( con*ervant($ Ca *&lele 5elat(noa*e a& &rmatoarele eta e de re arare: K re ararea ma*e( 5elat(noa*e Ko,t(nerea ma*e( 5elat(noa*e K&m lerea ca *&le( K(nc<(derea ca *&le($ Ca metode de &m lere am(nt(m:)metoda (mer*(e( )metoda t&rnar(( )metoda lac(( *a& de re arare a ca *&lelor r(n re*(&ne Ca *&lele 5elat(noa*e mo( a& 2orma ovo(da, *2er(ca,al&n5(ta, *&nt ela*t(ce, cont(n *&,*tante med(camentoa*e, l(c<(de *( *ol(de$ Fa*a 5elat(no*a e*te con*t(t&(ta d(n ro ort(( d(2er(te de 5elat(na, 5l(cer(na, a a, *(ro , 'a<ar,con*ervant *( m&c(la5(& de 5&ma ara,(ca$ Perlele a& 2orma *2er(ca *( (n roce*&l de 2a,r(care 2orma (nvel(*&l&( *( &m lerea *e real('ea'a a&tomat&t(l('and metoda lac(($ Ca *&lele 5elat(noa*e d&re *a& r(5(de a& acelea*( metode de re arare ca cele 5elat(noa*e mo(, (ar 2ata de ace*tea com o'(t(a ma*e( 5elat(noa*e cont(ne o ro ort(e mar(ta de 5elat(n *( &n cont(n&t *ca'&t de 5l(cer(na ceea ce le con2era d&r(tate$ Ca *&lele 5elat(noa*e tar( *a& o erc&late *&nt 2ormate d(n + c(l(ndr( c& d(ameter d(2er(te ce erm(t (nc<(derea *&,*tante( med(camentoa*e r(n *& ra &nere *( &*oara a a*are$ Ace*te ca *&le cont(n *&,*tante *ol(de *&, 2orma de 5ran&le *a& &l,er($ Avanta0ele lor *&nt:)ev(ta (ncom at(,(l(tat(le d(ntre *&,*tante )*&nt &*or de rel&crat )*&,*tanta act(ve e*te 2er(ta de l&m(na, &m(d(tate,o-C5en )5&*t&l *( m(ror&l ne lac&t e*te ma*cat )a,*or,t(a e*te ra (da *( d(r(0ata )*&,*tantele 2oto*en*(,(le *&nt rote0ate de c&loarea (nc<(*a a ca *&le

Co!ser#area capsulelor. Ca *&lele *e a*trea'a (n va*e ,(ne (nc<(*e, 2er(te de &m(d(tate *( cald&ra la o tem erat&re care *an & de a*ea*ca 18KC$ Am,alarea *e 2ace (n c&t(( (n care ca *&lele *e *e ara (ntre ele c& o <art(e entr& a ev(ta l( (rea$ Co!ser#are& Ca *&lele *e "*trea'" 6n rec( (ente ,(ne 6nc<(*e$ E-em le d(n F$R$# %8 Ca *&le Am (c(l(n( +98 m5 %% Ca *&le O-ac(ll(n( +98 m5 %+ Ca *&le R(2am (c(n( %98 m5 J 188 m5 %1 Ca *&le Tetrac(cl(n( +98 m5 9$ Ca *&le Ret(nol()acetat(* ; $Ca *&le L)toco2erol()acetat(* %88 m5$ Ca *&lele 5oale tre,&(e "*trate 2er(te de &m(d(tate, =( tre,&(e 2er(te de &*c"c(&ne,6n rec( (ente 6nc<(*e etan= !n" 6n moment&l &m ler(( lor c& *&,*tan4" act(v"$ Co!ditii de calitate si co!trol. Capsule. %.Co!trolul or-a!oleptic )&nele ca *&le *&nt tran* arente,*a& o ace )tre,&(e *" a(," *& ra2a4a l&c(oa*" al, 5al,&(e *a& d(ver* colorate )2"r" 2(*&r( )c&loare &n(2orm" *( a* ect &n(2orm '.Co!trolul di+e!siu!ilor& ) *a re'(nte acela*( d(ametr& entr& cele *2er(ce ) *a re'(nte aceea*( l&n5(me *( d(ametr& entr& cele o erc&late ).Co!trolul di+e!siu!ii peretilor& In Farmaco eea Romana # *e revad te*te de cal(tate entr& ca *&lele 5elat(noa*e *( entr& ca *&lele am(lacee$ a/ de'a5re5area : )ca *&le 5elat(noa*e 5a*tro*ol&,(le 18m(n&te )ca *&le entero*ol&,(le (n cel m&lt ;8 m(n&te )ca *&le am(lacee d& a 18*ec&nde ,/ &n(2orm(tatea ma*e( c/ do'area Co!trol&

Control&l de'a5re5"r(( entr& ca *&le ) 5a*trore'(*tente ) entero*olvente %$ Ca *&le 5a*tro*olvente: cele 5a*tro*ol&,(le tre,&(e *" *e d('olve 6n 3a " ) la 1GoC ) 6n 18 m(n&te +$Ca *&le entero*olvente: tre,&(e *" re'(*te + ore 6ntr)o *ol&4(e de e *(n",dar *" *e d('olve 6n cel m&lt ;8 m(n&te 6ntr)o *ol&4(e alcal(n" de ancreat(n"$ Criterii de clasificare -ra!ulate. Dran&latele *&nt re arate 2armace&t(ce *ol(de con*t(t&(te d(n art(c&le de 2orma nere5&lata,verm(c&lara, c(l(ndr(ca *a& *2er(ca care cont(n *&,*tante act(ve *( a&-(l(are *( *&nt de*t(nate adm(n(*trar(( e cale orala$ In 2&nct(e de te<nolo5(a de re arare ot e-(*ta + cate5or(( de 5ran&late: %$ 'a<ar&r( 5ran&late care *&nt con*t(t&(te d(n a55re5ate de *&,*tante med(camentoa*e, 'a<ar *( alte *&,*tante a&-(l(are$ In ca'&l 'a<ar&r(lor 5ran&late e2erve*cente *&,*tantele a&-(l(are *&nt re re'entate (n r(nc( al de o *&,*tanta ac(da *( &na alcal(na$ +$ 5ran&late aco er(te *&nt con*t(t&(te d(n *&,*tante med(camentoa*e *( a&-(l(are *( *&nt aco er(te c& &n&l *a& ma( m&lte *trat&r( cont(n&e *( &n(2orme 2ormate d(n *&,*tante c& rol rotector *a& de d(r(0are a el(,erar(( *&,*tante( act(ve$ Dran&latele a& &n cont(n&t (n *&,*tanta act(ve de %8)+8E *( o cant(tate mare de 'a<ar *( aromat('ant( care le con2era 5&*t lac&t la adm(n (*trare, 2((nd a rec(at (n * ec(al (n med(cat(a (n2ant(le$ S&,*tantele med(camentoa*e (ncl&*e (n 5ran&late n& a& act(&ne 2armacolo5(ca &tern(ca,d(ntre ele 2acand arte :)v(tam(ne )m(nerale )ant(ac(de )med(camente <omeo ate$ Dran&latele n& a*(5&ra o do'are e-acta,adm(n(*trarea 2acand&)*e de catre ,olnav c& ma*&r( (m rec(*e .l(n5&ra,l(n5&r(ta/$ Adm(n(*trare :)ca atare )d('olvate (n a a$ Ca *&,*tante a&-(l(are am(nt(m: )e-c( (ent( d(l&at( :lacto'a,'a<ar )a5l&t(nant( :*(ro ,a a,alcool, ect(ne

)de'a5re5ant( :'a<ar,lacto'a,met(lcel&lo'a )l&,re2(ant( )corector( 5&*t )colorant( )a5ent( de aco er(re : )5a*tro*ol&,(l(

)entero*ol&,(l(

Metode de preparare -ra!ulate. Se c&no*c + te<n(c( de re arare : %$ te<n(ca re arar(( &*cate %$ Te<n(ca re arar(( &mede Te<n(ca re arar(( &*cate *e real('ea'a at&nc( cand r(nc( (&l act(v e*te *en*(,(l la &m(d(tate$ Ace*t t( de 5ran&lare c& r(nde + 2a'e: )com r(marea ame*tec&l&( )*2aramarea com r(matelor &rmata de cernere$ Com r(marea *e oate real('e r(n : ) re*are r(n com r(mare ) re*are (ntre c(l(ndr($ Te<n(ca re arar(( e cale &meda con*ta (n (ncor orarea r(nc( ((lor act(ve a colorant(lor,e-c( (ent(lor$ Fa'ele roce*&l&( *&nt: )omo5en('area &l,er(lor )5ran&larea )&*carea 5ran&latelor )cernerea *( *ortarea 5ran&latelor$ Fetoda con*ta (n : )o,t(nerea ame*tec&l&( de *&,*tante act(ve *( e-c( (ent(

),r(c<etarea)re'&lta com r(mate de d(men*(&n( mar( dar *&,t(r( )mar&nt(rea ,r(c<etelor r(n lov(re la mo0ar )*e trec r(n *(ta III )&n(2orm('area 5ran&latelor)*e cern r(n *(ta I? Dran&larea con*ta (n tran*2ormarea ma*e( &mede r(n o erat(e de 5ran&lare (n 5ran&latele re* ect(ve$ Se ot o,t(ne r(n re*are, a5(tare, ta(ere$ Dran&latele aco er(te a& &n (nvel(* 2olo*(t (n *co &l de a ma*ca 5&*t&l *( m(ro*&l ne lac&t$ Co!ser#are. .ra!ulate. Dran&latele *e con*erva (n rec( (ente ,(ne (nc<(*e (ar cele e2erve*cente *e con*erva (n re'enta &ne( *&,*tante de*<(dratante$ Ca metode de control (na(nte de con*ervare am(nt(m: %$ a* ect&l :)2orma nere5&lata,c(l(ndr(ca,*2er(ca,(ar cele aco er(te tre,&(e *a re'(nte &n (nvel(* &n(2orm *( cont(n&& %$ mar(mea art(c&lelor : )*e *ortea'a c& a0&tor&l &ne( *(te c& oc<(&l de 8$H mm$ %$ de'a5re5area :)*e &rmare*te e o cant(tate de 1 5 5ran&late$ Ma<ar&r(le 5ran&late tre,&(e *a *e de*2aca (n a a (n cel m&lt %9 m(n&te Dran&latele e2erve*cente tre,&(e *a *e de*2aca (n a a (n 9 m(n&te, (ar cele aco er(te (n cel m&lt 98);8 m(n&te$ Dran&latele *e cond(t(onea'a (n:)2lacoane *t(cla )2lacoane mater(al la*t(c )t&,&r( Al *(l(conate$ Se am,alea'a (n c&t(( de carton (n*cr( t(onate$ Se a*trea'a :)(n rec( (ente ,(ne (nc<(*e )2er(te de l&m(na )2er(te de cald&ra )2er(te de &m(d(tate$ De endent de nat&ra rod&*&l&(, am,ala0ele ot cont(ne o ma*&ra entr& adm(n(*trare$ Metode preparare pilule. Preparare: %: Modelare manual
%9 Picurare

%; T&rnare 6n t( are

%$Pre ararea (l&lelor r(n modelare man&ala c& r(nde : eta e:

%G O,4(nerea ma*e( (l&lare,alc"t&(t" d(n: *&,*tan4e act(ve 2(n &lver('at, e*te

care *e ada&5" e-c( (ent&l a5l&t(nant .cant(tate 2oarte m(c"/ 3 .ord(nea re ar"r(( a*em"n"toare &l,er(lor, !n" dev(ne omo5en/, a0&n5em la rocede&l n&m(t: mala-are la mo0ar, !n" o,4(nem o ma*" la*t(c" =( ela*t(c", n(c( *2"r!m(c(oa*",n(c( rea moale$Fa*a o,4(n&t" *e c!nt"re=te =(, 5re&tatea *e notea'" e re4et"$
%H Tran*2ormarea ma*e( (l&lare 6n Fa5daleon .&n c(l(ndr& *&,4(re/: ace*t

Fa5dal(on *e o,4(ne e *& ra2a4a (l&lar&l&($ P(l&lar&l: lac" de lemn,dre t&n5<(&lar", are * re &n&l d(n ca ete o alt" lac" metal(c", rev"'&t" c& 5ode&r( *&, 2orm" de *em(c(l(ndr&$P(l&lar&l are &n c&4(t d(n metal, entr& t"(erea (l&lelor, ma( co4(ne o r(5l" ,2olo*(t" la o,4(nerea ma5daleon&l&(,are &n d(*c d(n lemn care *e 2olo*e=te la rot&n0(rea (l&lelor o,4(n&te$Con* er5"m *& ra2a4a de lemn a (l&lar&l&( r(n m(=c"r( >d&te) v(no tran*2orm!nd ma*a (l&le( 6n c(l(ndr& l&n5 de 5ro*(me e5al"$l 2(-"m dea*& ra c&4(t&l&( (n2er(or, e &rm" r(n m(=c"r( (dent(ce,t"(em (l&lele$ NNNE-(*t" (l&lare care da& 18 de (l&le,dar *&nt c& c!te +9 NNN
%I D(v('area Fa5daleon&l&( 3 6m "r4(rea 6n (l&le$ +8 Rot&n0(rea (l&lelor c& a0&tor&l &n&( d(*c, r(n m(=c"r( de rota4(e$ Urmea'"

con* er5area: aco er(rea c& &l,er(,care vor reven( l( (rea 6ntre ele$
+% 2.Prin picurare:

Con*t" 6n o,4(nerea &ne( ma*e (l&lare 2l&(de care *e (c&r" 6ntr)&n l(c<(d c& care n& e m(*c(,(l"$ 3.Prin turnare: Con*t" 6n: ma*a 2l&(d" *e toarn" 6n t( are de 2orm" *2er(c"$ Avanta0: metoda e comod" =( (5(en(c"$ E-c( (en4(( 2olo*(4(: &nt de cacao,PED *ol('( .:$888, ;$888/ Co!ditii de calitate si co!trol. Caracteristicile /i co!trolul pilulelor& ++ &n(2orme =( de 2orm" *2er(c"
+1 omo5ene 6n *ec4(&ne +: 5&*t&l =( m(ro*&l *" 2(e a*em"n"tor *&,*tan4elor d(n com o'(4(e$

Co!ser#are& Rec( (ente ,(ne 6nc<(*e,6n va* &*cat,2er(t de l&m(n", NNNP(l&lele ot *" a,*oar," &m(d(tatea d(n aer,*" *e altere'e,m&ce5"(a*c"NNN Acoperirea pilulelor& Pot 2( aco er(te c& el(c&le entero*olvente *a& 5a*tro*olvente$ Substa!0e folosite pe!tru diri1area de(a-re-2rii la !i#elul i!testi!ului& +9 Salol: *e d('olv" 6n eter,*e &lver('ea'" e (l&le *a& *e a5(t" (l&lele 6ntr)o atent&l" c& cant(tate m(c" de *ol&4(e de *alol, !n" la eva orarea eter&l&(
+; C<erat(n" 3 *ol$ de c<erat(n"

Obser#a0ii& Aten4(e la cant(tatea de e-c( (ent&l a5l&t(nant 2olo*(t"$ +G dac" e rea m&lt, (l&lele dev(n rea la*t(ce,*e de2ormea'"J
+H dac" e rea &4(n (l&lele *e vor *2"r!maJ

Se &ne (*t(l,6n cant(t"4( m(c(,tre tat$ E3cipie!0i de(a-re-a!0i& a& rol&l de a 2avor('a de*2acerea (l&lelor 6n *tomac *a& (nte*t(n$Un((,de e-$ am(don&l 2avor('ea'" de'a5re5area r(n 5om2lare J(ar 5l(cer(na r(n *ol&,(l('are$ E-$am(don, 5l(cer(n" E3cipie!0i adsorba!0i& *&nt nece*ar( doar at&nc( c!nd 6n com onen4a (ntr" *&,*tan4e l(c<(de *a& mo($ E-$ &l,er( ve5etale,am(don,caol(n,o-(d de ma5ne'(&$ E3cipie!0i dilua!0i: nece*ar( doar c!nd cant(tatea de *&,*tan4e act(ve e*te 2oarte m(c"$ E-$lacto'",'a<aro'", &l,er( ve5etale$ (l&lelor