Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Definirea comerțului
electronic
Termenul a fost inventat și folosit pentru
prima dată de dr. Robert Jacobson,
consultant principal al Comitetului pentru
Utilități și Comerț al Adunării Statului
California, în titlul și textul Actului de
Comerț Electronic din California, adoptat
de regretata președintă a Comitetului
Gwen Moore (DL.A.) și adoptat în 1984.
Comerțul electronic utilizează de obicei
web- ul pentru cel puțin o parte a ciclului
de viață al unei tranzacții, deși poate
folosi și alte tehnologii, cum ar fi e-mailul
. Tranzacțiile tipice de comerț electronic
includ achiziționarea de produse (cum ar
fi cărți de la Amazon ) sau servicii (cum
ar fi descărcări de muzică sub formă de
distribuție digitală, cum ar fi iTunes Store
). [1] Există trei domenii ale comerțului
electronic: vânzarea cu amănuntul online
, piețele electronice și licitațiile online .
Comerțul electronic este susținut de
afaceri electronice . [2]Valoarea existenței
comerțului electronic este aceea de a
permite consumatorilor să facă
cumpărături online și să plătească online
prin Internet, economisind timpul și
spațiul clienților și întreprinderilor,
îmbunătățind considerabil eficiența
tranzacțiilor, în special pentru lucrătorii
de birou ocupați și, de asemenea,
economisind mult timp prețios. [3]
Afaceri la afaceri
Business to Consumer
Afaceri către guvern
De la consumator la afaceri
Consumator la Consumator
Forme
Comerțul electronic contemporan poate
fi clasificat în două categorii. Prima
categorie este afacerile bazate pe tipuri
de bunuri vândute (implică totul, de la
comandarea de conținut „digital” pentru
consum online imediat, la comandarea
de bunuri și servicii convenționale, la
servicii „meta” pentru a facilita alte tipuri
de comerț electronic). A doua categorie
se bazează pe natura participantului (
B2B , B2C , C2B și C2C ). [7]
Reglementare
guvernamentală
În Statele Unite, Legea comerțului
electronic din California (1984), adoptată
de Legislativ, cea mai recentă Lege
privind drepturile de confidențialitate din
California (2020), adoptată printr-o
propunere electorală populară și pentru a
controla în mod specific modul în care
comerțul electronic poate fi desfășurat în
California. În SUA în întregime, activitățile
de comerț electronic sunt reglementate
mai larg de Comisia Federală pentru
Comerț (FTC). Aceste activități includ
utilizarea de e-mailuri comerciale,
publicitate online și confidențialitatea
consumatorilor . Legea CAN-SPAM din
2003 stabilește standarde naționale
pentru marketingul direct prin e-mail.
Legea Comisiei Federale pentru
Comerțreglementează toate formele de
publicitate, inclusiv publicitatea online și
afirmă că publicitatea trebuie să fie
veridică și să nu fie înșelătoare. [9]
Folosindu-și autoritatea în temeiul
secțiunii 5 din Legea FTC, care interzice
practicile neloiale sau înșelătoare, FTC a
introdus o serie de cazuri pentru a pune
în aplicare promisiunile din declarațiile de
confidențialitate corporative, inclusiv
promisiuni privind securitatea
informațiilor personale ale
consumatorilor. [10] Ca urmare, orice
politică de confidențialitate corporativă
legată de activitatea de comerț electronic
poate face obiectul aplicării de către
FTC.
Comerțul electronic în
perioada COVID-19
În martie 2020, traficul global de site-uri
de vânzare cu amănuntul a atins 14,3
miliarde de vizite [61], ceea ce înseamnă o
creștere fără precedent a comerțului
electronic în timpul blocării din 2020.
Studiile ulterioare arată că vânzările
online au crescut cu 25%, iar
cumpărăturile online au crescut cu peste
100% în timpul crizei din Statele Unite.
[62] Între timp, până la 29% dintre
cumpărătorii chestionați declară că nu se
vor întoarce niciodată la cumpărături
personal; în Marea Britanie, 43% dintre
consumatori declară că se așteaptă să
continue cumpărăturile în același mod,
chiar și după încheierea blocării. [63]
Cronologie
O cronologie pentru dezvoltarea
comerțului electronic:
Vezi si
Comparație dintre cadrele aplicațiilor web
de comerț electronic cu software gratuit
Comparația software-ului pentru coșul de
cumpărături
Inteligența clienților
Economia digitală
Sistem de plată prin card de credit de
comerț electronic
Plată electronică a facturii
Bani electronici
Comerț cu amănuntul în afara magazinului
Cumparaturi online
Plăți ca serviciu
Dakota de Sud împotriva Wayfair, Inc.
Tipuri de comerț electronic
Cronologia comerțului electronic
Referințe
1. „Prognoza CAGR a vânzărilor de comerț
electronic cu amănuntul în țări selectate
din 2016 până în 2021” (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20171126014712/https://ww
w.statista.com/statistics/220177/b2c-e-c
ommerce-sales-cagr-forecast-for-selected
-countries/) . Statista . Octombrie 2016.
Arhivat din original (https://www.statista.
com/statistics/220177/b2c-e-commerce-
sales-cagr-forecast-for-selected-countrie
s/) la 26 noiembrie 2017 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 .
2. Wienclaw, Ruth A. (2013). „Modele de
afaceri B2B” (https://www.ebscohost.co
m/uploads/imported/thisTopic-dbTopic-1
074.pdf) (PDF) . Începători de cercetare:
afaceri . Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/
web/20130718091809/http://www.ebsco
host.com/uploads/imported/thisTopic-db
Topic-1074.pdf) (PDF) din original pe 18
iulie 2013 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (http
s://www.ebscohost.com/uploads/importe
d/thisTopic-dbTopic-1074.pdf) (https://w
eb.archive.org/web/20130718091809/htt
p://www.ebscohost.com/uploads/import
ed/thisTopic-dbTopic-1074.pdf)
3. Subramani, Mani; Walden, Eric (iunie
2001). „Impactul anunțurilor de comerț
electronic asupra valorii de piață a
firmelor” (http://pubsonline.informs.org/d
oi/abs/10.1287/isre.12.2.135.9698) .
Cercetarea sistemelor informatice . 12
(2): 135–154. doi :
10.1287/isre.12.2.135.9698 (https://doi.o
rg/10.1287%2Fisre.12.2.135.9698) .
ISSN 1047-7047 (https://www.worldcat.or
g/issn/1047-7047) . Arhivat (https://web.
archive.org/web/20220615223403/http://
pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/
isre.12.2.135.9698) din original la 15
iunie 2022 . Preluat la 30 aprilie 2022 . (ht
tp://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1
287/isre.12.2.135.9698) (https://doi.org/
10.1287%2Fisre.12.2.135.9698) (https://
www.worldcat.org/issn/1047-7047) (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2022061522340
3/http://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/
10.1287/isre.12.2.135.9698)
4. Bussey, Ed (6 martie 2018). „Cum să vă
pregătiți produsele și marca pentru
comerțul conversațional” (https://venture
beat.com/2018/03/06/how-to-prepare-yo
ur-products-and-brand-for-conversational-
commerce/) . VentureBeat . Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2020092919375
3/https://venturebeat.com/2018/03/06/h
ow-to-prepare-your-products-and-brand-fo
r-conversational-commerce/) din original
la 29 septembrie 2020 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://venturebeat.com/2018/03/
06/how-to-prepare-your-products-and-bra
nd-for-conversational-commerce/) (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2020092919375
3/https://venturebeat.com/2018/03/06/h
ow-to-prepare-your-products-and-brand-fo
r-conversational-commerce/)
5. „Ghidul suprem pentru marketingul
eCommerce” (https://www.mayple.com/e
commerce-marketing-strategy) . Mayple .
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
10428042004/https://www.mayple.com/e
commerce-marketing-strategy) din
original la 28 aprilie 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.mayple.com/ec
ommerce-marketing-strategy) (https://w
eb.archive.org/web/20210428042004/htt
ps://www.mayple.com/ecommerce-marke
ting-strategy)
6. Simjanović, Dušan J.; Zdravković,
Nemanja; Vesić, Nenad O. (martie 2022).
„Cu privire la factorii proiectării de succes
a platformei de comerț electronic în
timpul și după pandemia COVID-19,
folosind metoda Fuzzy AHP extinsă” (http
s://doi.org/10.3390%2Faxioms1103010
5) . Axiome . 11 (3): 105. doi :
10.3390/axioms11030105 (https://doi.or
g/10.3390%2Faxioms11030105) . ISSN
2075-1680 (https://www.worldcat.org/iss
n/2075-1680) . (https://doi.org/10.339
0%2Faxioms11030105) (https://doi.org/
10.3390%2Faxioms11030105) (https://
www.worldcat.org/issn/2075-1680)
7. Khurana, Ajeet (25 noiembrie 2019).
„Știați că există 4 tipuri de comerț
electronic?” (https://www.thebalancesmb.
com/ecommerce-businesses-understandi
ng-types-1141595) . Echilibrul afacerilor
mici . Dotdash . Arhivat (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20210122135823/https://ww
w.thebalancesmb.com/ecommerce-busin
esses-understanding-types-1141595) din
original la 22 ianuarie 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.thebalancesm
b.com/ecommerce-businesses-understan
ding-types-1141595) (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20210122135823/https://ww
w.thebalancesmb.com/ecommerce-busin
esses-understanding-types-1141595)
8. Hacon, Tom (4 martie 2013). „T-
Commerce – Ce poate face tableta pentru
mărci și consumatorii acestora” (https://w
eb.archive.org/web/20160607185627/htt
ps://www.governor.co.uk/news-plus-view
s/2013/march/t-commerce-what-the-tabl
et-can-do-for-brands-and-their-consumer
s/) . Tehnologia guvernatorului . Arhivat
din original (http://www.governor.co.uk/n
ews-plus-views/2013/march/t-commerce-
what-the-tablet-can-do-for-brands-and-thei
r-consumers/) pe 7 iunie 2016 . Preluat
la 4 mai 2021 . (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20160607185627/https://www.govern
or.co.uk/news-plus-views/2013/march/t-c
ommerce-what-the-tablet-can-do-for-bran
ds-and-their-consumers/) (http://www.go
vernor.co.uk/news-plus-views/2013/marc
h/t-commerce-what-the-tablet-can-do-for-
brands-and-their-consumers/)
9. „Publicitate și marketing pe internet:
regulile drumului” (https://www.ftc.gov/tip
s-advice/business-center/guidance/adver
tising-marketing-internet-rules-road) .
Comisia Federală de Comerț . Septembrie
2000. Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20200308111628/https://www.ftc.gov/
tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ad
vertising-marketing-internet-rules-road)
din original la 8 martie 2020 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.ftc.gov/tips-ad
vice/business-center/guidance/advertisin
g-marketing-internet-rules-road) (https://
web.archive.org/web/20200308111628/h
ttps://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-c
enter/guidance/advertising-marketing-int
ernet-rules-road)
10. „Confidențialitate și securitate” (https://w
ww.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/p
rivacy-and-security) . Comisia Federală
de Comerț . Arhivat (https://web.archive.o
rg/web/20210504101605/https://www.ft
c.gov/tips-advice/business-center/privacy
-and-security) din original pe 4 mai 2021
. Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.ftc.
gov/tips-advice/business-center/privacy-a
nd-security) (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20210504101605/https://www.ftc.gov/
tips-advice/business-center/privacy-and-s
ecurity)
11. „HR 6353 (110th): Ryan Haight Online
Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act din
2008” (https://www.govtrack.us/congres
s/bills/110/hr6353/summary) . GovTrack
. 2 octombrie 2008. Arhivat (https://web.a
rchive.org/web/20210319223858/https://
www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/110/hr6
353/summary) din original la 19 martie
2021 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://ww
w.govtrack.us/congress/bills/110/hr635
3/summary) (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20210319223858/https://www.govtrac
k.us/congress/bills/110/hr6353/summar
y)
12. Lege model a UNCITRAL privind comerțul
electronic (https://uncitral.un.org/sites/un
citral.un.org/files/media-documents/uncit
ral/en/19-04970_ebook.pdf) (PDF) . New
York: Comisia Națiunilor Unite pentru
dreptul comerțului internațional . 1999.
ISBN (https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitra
l.un.org/files/media-documents/uncitral/e
n/19-04970_ebook.pdf) 92-1-133607-4.
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
10225221820/https://uncitral.un.org/site
s/uncitral.un.org/files/media-documents/
uncitral/en/19-04970_ebook.pdf) (PDF)
din original pe 25 februarie 2021 . Preluat
la 4 mai 2021 .
13. „Comisia australiană pentru concurență și
consumatori” (https://www.accc.gov.a
u/) . Comisia australiană pentru
concurență și consumatori . Guvernul
Australiei . Arhivat (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20210503171522/https://www.ac
cc.gov.au/) din original la 3 mai 2021 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.accc.
gov.au/) (https://web.archive.org/web/2
0210503171522/https://www.accc.gov.a
u/)
14. „Tratam cu alte afaceri online” (https://we
b.archive.org/web/20130119002704/htt
p://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtm
l/itemId/54056) . Comisia australiană
pentru concurență și consumatori .
Guvernul Australiei . Arhivat din original (h
ttp://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.pht
ml/itemId/54056) la 19 ianuarie 2013 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20130119002704/http://www.
accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/
54056) (http://www.accc.gov.au/conten
t/index.phtml/itemId/54056)
15. „Ce să faci dacă ceva merge prost în
Australia” (https://web.archive.org/web/2
0130212103511/http://www.accc.gov.au/
content/index.phtml/itemId/815341) .
Comisia australiană pentru concurență și
consumatori . Guvernul Federal Australian
. Arhivat din original (http://www.accc.go
v.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/81534
1) la 12 februarie 2013 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://web.archive.org/web/2013
0212103511/http://www.accc.gov.au/con
tent/index.phtml/itemId/815341) (http://
www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/ite
mId/815341)
16. Comisia Europeană, Sector inquiry into e-
commerce (https://competition-policy.ec.
europa.eu/sectors/ict/sector-inquiry-e-co
mmerce_en) Arhivat (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20230206060506/https://com
petition-policy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/ict/s
ector-inquiry-e-commerce_en) la 6
februarie 2023 la Wayback Machine ,
accesat la 6 februarie 2023
17. „Autoritatea pentru servicii financiare” (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/201212281847
12/http://www.fsa.gov.uk/portal/site/fs
a) . Autoritatea pentru Servicii Financiare
. Arhivat din original (http://www.fsa.gov.u
k/portal/site/fsa) la 28 decembrie 2012 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20121228184712/http://www.
fsa.gov.uk/portal/site/fsa) (http://www.f
sa.gov.uk/portal/site/fsa)
18. Parker, George; Masters, Brooke (16 iunie
2010). „Osborne desființează FSA și
stimulează Banca” (https://www.ft.com/c
ontent/0203b99e-797f-11df-b063-00144f
eabdc0) . Financial Times . Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021030813265
1/https://www.ft.com/content/0203b99e-
797f-11df-b063-00144feabdc0) din
original pe 8 martie 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.ft.com/conten
t/0203b99e-797f-11df-b063-00144feabdc
0) (https://web.archive.org/web/202103
08132651/https://www.ft.com/content/0
203b99e-797f-11df-b063-00144feabdc0)
19. „Regulamentele privind serviciile de plată
din 2009” (https://www.legislation.gov.uk/
uksi/2009/209/contents/made) .
legislatie.gov.uk . 9 februarie 2009.
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
10312123339/https://www.legislation.go
v.uk/uksi/2009/209/contents/made) din
original la 12 martie 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.legislation.gov.
uk/uksi/2009/209/contents/made) (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021031212333
9/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/200
9/209/contents/made)
20. „Regulamentele de telecomunicații ale
Republicii Populare Chineze” (http://www.
china.org.cn/business/laws_regulations/
2010-01/20/content_19273945.htm) .
Centrul de informare pe Internet din China
. 25 septembrie 2000. Arhivat (https://we
b.archive.org/web/20150405012152/htt
p://www.china.org.cn/business/laws_reg
ulations/2010-01/20/content_19273945.h
tm) din original la 5 aprilie 2015 . Preluat
la 4 mai 2021 . (http://www.china.org.cn/
business/laws_regulations/2010-01/20/c
ontent_19273945.htm) (https://web.arch
ive.org/web/20150405012152/http://ww
w.china.org.cn/business/laws_regulation
s/2010-01/20/content_19273945.htm)
21. „Măsuri administrative privind serviciile de
informare pe internet” (http://www.china.
org.cn/business/2010-01/20/content_19
274704.htm) . Centrul de informare pe
Internet din China . 20 septembrie 2000.
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/201
50716184027/http://www.china.org.cn/b
usiness/2010-01/20/content_19274704.h
tm) din original la 16 iulie 2015 . Preluat
la 4 mai 2021 . (http://www.china.org.cn/
business/2010-01/20/content_19274704.
htm) (https://web.archive.org/web/2015
0716184027/http://www.china.org.cn/bu
siness/2010-01/20/content_19274704.ht
m)
22. Swan, Erin (30 octombrie 2015). „Legea
RPC privind semnătura electronică” (http
s://www.efilecabinet.com/the-prc-electron
ic-signature-law/) . eFileCabinet . Arhivat
(https://web.archive.org/web/201711070
24110/https://www.efilecabinet.com/the-
prc-electronic-signature-law/) din original
pe 7 noiembrie 2017 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://www.efilecabinet.com/the-
prc-electronic-signature-law/) (https://we
b.archive.org/web/20171107024110/http
s://www.efilecabinet.com/the-prc-electron
ic-signature-law/)
23. Robinson, James (28 octombrie 2010).
„Industria internetului din Marea Britanie
valorează 100 de miliarde de lire sterline”
(https://www.theguardian.com/technolog
y/2010/oct/28/net-worth-100bn-uk) .
The Guardian (raport). Londra. Arhivat (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/201802190903
50/https://www.theguardian.com/technol
ogy/2010/oct/28/net-worth-100bn-uk)
din original la 19 februarie 2018 . Preluat
la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.theguardian.
com/technology/2010/oct/28/net-worth-
100bn-uk) (https://web.archive.org/web/
20180219090350/https://www.theguardi
an.com/technology/2010/oct/28/net-wor
th-100bn-uk)
24. „Contribuția comerțului electronic în
Europa” (https://ecommercenews.eu/info
graphic-ecommerce-contribution-in-europ
e/) . Știri de comerț electronic
(infografic). 18 iunie 2013. Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021012513162
8/https://ecommercenews.eu/infographic
-ecommerce-contribution-in-europe/) din
original la 25 ianuarie 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://ecommercenews.e
u/infographic-ecommerce-contribution-in-
europe/) (https://web.archive.org/web/2
0210125131628/https://ecommercenew
s.eu/infographic-ecommerce-contribution
-in-europe/)
25. Millward, Steven (18 august 2015). „China
face o schimbare uriașă către mobil” (http
s://www.techinasia.com/china-internet-so
cial-media-ecommerce-stats-2015) .
Tehnologia în Asia (Infografic). Arhivat (ht
tps://web.archive.org/web/20160306203
048/https://www.techinasia.com/china-in
ternet-social-media-ecommerce-stats-201
5) din original pe 6 martie 2016 . Preluat
la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.techinasia.c
om/china-internet-social-media-ecommer
ce-stats-2015) (https://web.archive.org/
web/20160306203048/https://www.techi
nasia.com/china-internet-social-media-ec
ommerce-stats-2015)
26. Olsen, Robert (18 ianuarie 2010).
„Migrația Chinei către comerțul
electronic” (https://www.forbes.com/201
0/01/18/china-internet-commerce-market
s-equities-alibaba.html/) . Forbes .
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/201
70806145344/https://www.forbes.com/2
010/01/18/china-internet-commerce-mar
kets-equities-alibaba.html) din original la
6 august 2017 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (ht
tps://www.forbes.com/2010/01/18/china
-internet-commerce-markets-equities-alib
aba.html/) (https://web.archive.org/web/
20170806145344/https://www.forbes.co
m/2010/01/18/china-internet-commerce-
markets-equities-alibaba.html)
27. Tong, Frank (16 septembrie 2013).
„Comerțul electronic transfrontalier al
Chinei depășește 375 de miliarde de
dolari în 2012” (https://www.digitalcomm
erce360.com/2013/09/16/chinas-cross-b
order-e-commerce-tops-375-billion-201
2/) . Comerț digital 360 . Vertical Web
Media LLC . Arhivat (https://web.archive.o
rg/web/20171018171240/https://www.di
gitalcommerce360.com/2013/09/16/chin
as-cross-border-e-commerce-tops-375-bill
ion-2012/) din original la 18 octombrie
2017 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://ww
w.digitalcommerce360.com/2013/09/16/
chinas-cross-border-e-commerce-tops-37
5-billion-2012/) (https://web.archive.org/
web/20171018171240/https://www.digita
lcommerce360.com/2013/09/16/chinas-
cross-border-e-commerce-tops-375-billion
-2012/)
28. Millward, Steven (17 septembrie 2014).
„Iată toate numerele care trebuie văzute
pe Alibaba înaintea IPO-ului record” (htt
p://www.techinasia.com/alibaba-numbers
-ipo-breaks-records-2014/) . Tehnologia
în Asia . Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/
web/20140920190816/http://www.techin
asia.com/alibaba-numbers-ipo-breaks-rec
ords-2014/) din original la 20 septembrie
2014 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (http://ww
w.techinasia.com/alibaba-numbers-ipo-br
eaks-records-2014/) (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20140920190816/http://www.t
echinasia.com/alibaba-numbers-ipo-brea
ks-records-2014/)
29. PYMNTS.com (22 octombrie 2014).
„China B2B trece de 4,5 miliarde de yuani”
(https://www.pymnts.com/news/2014/ch
ina-b2b-passes-4-5b-yuan/) .
PYMNTS.com . Arhivat (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20230308085620/https://ww
w.pymnts.com/news/2014/china-b2b-pas
ses-4-5b-yuan/) din original la 8 martie
2023 . Recuperat la 8 martie 2023 . (http
s://www.pymnts.com/news/2014/china-b
2b-passes-4-5b-yuan/) (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20230308085620/https://ww
w.pymnts.com/news/2014/china-b2b-pas
ses-4-5b-yuan/)
30. Gracie, Carrie (8 septembrie 2014).
„Alibaba IPO: Chairman Ma’s China” (http
s://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-
29119121) . BBC News . Arhivat (https://
web.archive.org/web/20190702005229/h
ttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-chi
na-29119121) din original la 2 iulie 2019
. Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.bbc.
com/news/world-asia-china-29119121)
(https://web.archive.org/web/201907020
05229/https://www.bbc.com/news/world
-asia-china-29119121)
31. Millward, Steven (18 august 2016).
„Cheltuielile pentru comerțul electronic
din Asia vor atinge recordul de 1 trilion de
dolari în acest an – dar cea mai mare
parte este China” (https://www.techinasi
a.com/asia-ecommerce-spending-1-trillio
n-dollars-2016) . Tehnologia în Asia .
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/201
60819043228/https://www.techinasia.co
m/asia-ecommerce-spending-1-trillion-dol
lars-2016) din original la 19 august 2016
. Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.tech
inasia.com/asia-ecommerce-spending-1-t
rillion-dollars-2016) (https://web.archive.
org/web/20160819043228/https://www.t
echinasia.com/asia-ecommerce-spending
-1-trillion-dollars-2016)
32. Parker, Christopher J.; Wenyu, Lu (13 mai
2019). „Ce influențează retailul de modă
din China? Motivațiile pentru cumpărături,
demografia și cheltuielile” (https://www.e
merald.com/insight/content/doi/10.110
8/JFMM-09-2017-0093/full/html) .
Journal of Fashion Marketing and
Management . 23 (2): 158–175. doi :
10.1108/jfmm-09-2017-0093 (https://doi.
org/10.1108%2Fjfmm-09-2017-0093) .
ISSN 1361-2026 (https://www.worldcat.or
g/issn/1361-2026) . S2CID 170031856 (h
ttps://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1
70031856) . Arhivat (https://web.archive.
org/web/20210308110006/https://www.e
merald.com/insight/content/doi/10.110
8/JFMM-09-2017-0093/full/html) din
original pe 8 martie 2021 . Preluat la
16 aprilie 2021 . (https://www.emerald.co
m/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JFMM-09
-2017-0093/full/html) (https://doi.org/1
0.1108%2Fjfmm-09-2017-0093) (https://
www.worldcat.org/issn/1361-2026) (htt
ps://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17
0031856) (https://web.archive.org/web/
20210308110006/https://www.emerald.c
om/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JFMM-0
9-2017-0093/full/html)
33. „Mai mulți cumpărători se alătură pieței
robuste de comerț electronic din Brazilia”
(https://www.emarketer.com/Article/Mor
e-Buyers-Join-Brazils-Robust-Ecommerce-
Market/1009725) . eMarketer . 13 martie
2013. Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20200804174125/https://www.emarket
er.com/Article/More-Buyers-Join-Brazils-R
obust-Ecommerce-Market/1009725) din
original la 4 august 2020 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://www.emarketer.com/Articl
e/More-Buyers-Join-Brazils-Robust-Ecom
merce-Market/1009725) (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20200804174125/https://w
ww.emarketer.com/Article/More-Buyers-J
oin-Brazils-Robust-Ecommerce-Market/10
09725)
34. Keelery, Sandhya (7 iulie 2020). „Utilizarea
internetului în India – statistici și fapte” (h
ttps://www.statista.com/topics/2157/inte
rnet-usage-in-india/) . Statista . Arhivat (h
ttps://web.archive.org/web/20171230114
442/https://www.statista.com/topics/215
7/internet-usage-in-india/) din original la
30 decembrie 2017 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://www.statista.com/topics/
2157/internet-usage-in-india/) (https://w
eb.archive.org/web/20171230114442/htt
ps://www.statista.com/topics/2157/inter
net-usage-in-india/)
35. Pasumarthy, Phani Bhaskar (decembrie
2016). „EFECTUL DEMONETIZĂRII
ASUPRA COMERȚULUI ELECTRONIC” (htt
ps://www.researchgate.net/publication/3
11518414) . ResearchGate . Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2020102615211
6/https://www.researchgate.net/publicati
on/311518414_AFFECT_OF_DEMONETIZ
ATION_ON_E-COMMERCE) din original
pe 26 octombrie 2020 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://www.researchgate.net/pub
lication/311518414) (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20201026152116/https://ww
w.researchgate.net/publication/31151841
4_AFFECT_OF_DEMONETIZATION_ON_E-
COMMERCE)
36. „Împlinită!: Povestea creșterii logisticii cu
amănuntul a comerțului electronic din
India” (https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/
kpmg/in/pdf/2016/08/E-commerce-retail-
logistics-India.pdf) (PDF) . KPMG . August
2016. Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20200508153115/https://assets.kpmg/
content/dam/kpmg/in/pdf/2016/08/E-co
mmerce-retail-logistics-India.pdf) (PDF)
din original pe 8 mai 2020 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://assets.kpmg/conten
t/dam/kpmg/in/pdf/2016/08/E-commerc
e-retail-logistics-India.pdf) (https://web.a
rchive.org/web/20200508153115/https://
assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/in/pdf/
2016/08/E-commerce-retail-logistics-Indi
a.pdf)
37. „Comerțul electronic în Orientul Mijlociu –
Care sunt datele demografice?” (https://w
ww.embitel.com/blog/ecommerce-blog/e
commerce-in-the-middle-east-what-are-th
e-demographics) . Embitel . 17 iunie
2016. Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20170827010001/https://www.embitel.
com/blog/ecommerce-blog/ecommerce-i
n-the-middle-east-what-are-the-demograp
hics) din original la 27 august 2017 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.embi
tel.com/blog/ecommerce-blog/ecommer
ce-in-the-middle-east-what-are-the-demog
raphics) (https://web.archive.org/web/20
170827010001/https://www.embitel.co
m/blog/ecommerce-blog/ecommerce-in-t
he-middle-east-what-are-the-demographic
s)
38. Eisingerich, Andreas B.; Kretschmer,
Tobias (martie 2008). „În comerțul
electronic, mai mult înseamnă mai mult”
(https://hbr.org/2008/03/in-e-commerce-
more-is-more) . Harvard Business Review
. 86 : 20–21. Arhivat (https://web.archive.
org/web/20201203204602/https://hbr.or
g/2008/03/in-e-commerce-more-is-mor
e) din original la 3 decembrie 2020 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://hbr.org/20
08/03/in-e-commerce-more-is-more) (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/202012032046
02/https://hbr.org/2008/03/in-e-commerc
e-more-is-more)
39. Burgess, Stephen; Sellitto, Carmine;
Karanasios, Stan (28 februarie 2009).
Soluții eficiente de prezență pe web
pentru întreprinderile mici: strategii pentru
implementare cu succes: strategii pentru
implementare cu succes (https://books.g
oogle.com/books?id=n9KF8HtigrAC) .
IGI Global . ISBN (https://books.google.co
m/books?id=n9KF8HtigrA
C) 9781605662251. Arhivat (https://web.
archive.org/web/20210504223600/http
s://books.google.com/books/?id=n9KF8H
tigrAC) din original pe 4 mai 2021 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 .
40. Chen, Si-Hua; Xiao, Hua; Huang, Wen-de;
El, Wei (2 ianuarie 2022). „Cooperarea
comerțului electronic transfrontalier: o
perspectivă a reputației și a încrederii” (htt
ps://doi.org/10.1080/1097198X.2021.202
2396) . Journal of Global Information
Technology Management . 25 (1): 7–25.
doi : 10.1080/1097198X.2021.2022396 (h
ttps://doi.org/10.1080%2F1097198X.202
1.2022396) . ISSN 1097-198X (https://w
ww.worldcat.org/issn/1097-198X) .
S2CID 246867732 (https://api.semanticsc
holar.org/CorpusID:246867732) . (http
s://doi.org/10.1080/1097198X.2021.2022
396) (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F109719
8X.2021.2022396) (https://www.worldc
at.org/issn/1097-198X) (https://api.sem
anticscholar.org/CorpusID:246867732)
41. „Vânzările de comerț electronic au
depășit 1 trilion de dolari pentru prima
dată în 2012” (https://www.emarketer.co
m/Article/Ecommerce-Sales-Topped-1-Tril
lion-First-Time-2012/1009649) .
eMarketer . 5 februarie 2013. Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021033018062
9/https://www.emarketer.com/Article/Ec
ommerce-Sales-Topped-1-Trillion-First-Ti
me-2012/1009649) din original la 30
martie 2021 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (http
s://www.emarketer.com/Article/Ecommer
ce-Sales-Topped-1-Trillion-First-Time-201
2/1009649) (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20210330180629/https://www.emarket
er.com/Article/Ecommerce-Sales-Topped-
1-Trillion-First-Time-2012/1009649)
42. Enright, Allison (25 aprilie 2013).
„Vânzările de comerț electronic din SUA
ar putea depăși 434 de miliarde de dolari
în 2017” (https://www.digitalcommerce36
0.com/2013/04/25/us-e-commerce-sales
-could-top-434-billion-2017/) . Comerț
digital 360 . Arhivat (https://web.archive.o
rg/web/20201202043908/https://www.di
gitalcommerce360.com/2013/04/25/us-e
-commerce-sales-could-top-434-billion-20
17/) din original la 2 decembrie 2020 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.digit
alcommerce360.com/2013/04/25/us-e-c
ommerce-sales-could-top-434-billion-201
7/) (https://web.archive.org/web/202012
02043908/https://www.digitalcommerce3
60.com/2013/04/25/us-e-commerce-sale
s-could-top-434-billion-2017/)
43. DeLone, William H.; McLean, Ephraim R.
(8 decembrie 2014). „Măsurarea
succesului comerțului electronic:
aplicarea modelului de succes al
sistemelor informatice DeLone & McLean”
(https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1
0.1080/10864415.2004.11044317) .
Jurnalul Internațional de Comerț
Electronic . 9 (1): 31–47. doi :
10.1080/10864415.2004.11044317 (http
s://doi.org/10.1080%2F10864415.2004.1
1044317) . S2CID 205751936 (https://ap
i.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2057519
36) . Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20210323032755/https://www.tandfonl
ine.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10864415.200
4.11044317) din original la 23 martie
2021 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 – prin Taylor
& Francis. (https://www.tandfonline.com/
doi/abs/10.1080/10864415.2004.110443
17) (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1086441
5.2004.11044317) (https://api.semantic
scholar.org/CorpusID:205751936) (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021032303275
5/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/
10.1080/10864415.2004.11044317)
44. Bakos, Yannis (2001). „Peisajul emergent
pentru comerțul electronic cu amănuntul”
(https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1
257/jep.15.1.69) . Jurnalul de
perspective economice . 15 (1): 69–80.
CiteSeerX 10.1.1.4.9128 (https://citeseer
x.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.
1.1.4.9128) . doi : 10.1257/jep.15.1.69 (h
ttps://doi.org/10.1257%2Fjep.15.1.69) .
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
10118041827/https://www.aeaweb.org/a
rticles?id=10.1257%2Fjep.15.1.69) din
original la 18 ianuarie 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.aeaweb.org/art
icles?id=10.1257/jep.15.1.69) (https://ci
teseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?do
i=10.1.1.4.9128) (https://doi.org/10.125
7%2Fjep.15.1.69) (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20210118041827/https://www.ae
aweb.org/articles?id=10.1257%2Fjep.15.
1.69)
45. Constine, Josh (20 februarie 2018).
„Planul Facebook de a uni AR, VR și News
Feed cu postări 3D” (https://techcrunch.c
om/2018/02/20/facebook-3d-posts/) .
TechCrunch . Arhivat (https://web.archive.
org/web/20180504090211/https://techcr
unch.com/2018/02/20/facebook-3d-post
s/) din original la 4 mai 2018 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://techcrunch.com/201
8/02/20/facebook-3d-posts/) (https://we
b.archive.org/web/20180504090211/http
s://techcrunch.com/2018/02/20/faceboo
k-3d-posts/)
46. Kawa, Arkadiusz (2017). „Serviciul de
îndeplinire în logistică e-commerce” (http
s://www.logforum.net/pdf/13_4_4_17.pd
f) (PDF) . LogForum . 13 (4): 429–438. doi
: 10.17270/J.LOG.2017.4.4 (https://doi.or
g/10.17270%2FJ.LOG.2017.4.4) . eISSN
1734-459X (https://www.worldcat.org/iss
n/1734-459X) . ISSN 1895-2038 (https://
www.worldcat.org/issn/1895-2038) .
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
10504223600/https://www.logforum.net/
pdf/13_4_4_17.pdf) (PDF) din original pe
4 mai 2021 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (http
s://www.logforum.net/pdf/13_4_4_17.pd
f) (https://doi.org/10.17270%2FJ.LOG.20
17.4.4) (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/
1734-459X) (https://www.worldcat.org/i
ssn/1895-2038) (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20210504223600/https://www.log
forum.net/pdf/13_4_4_17.pdf)
47. Sabanoglu, Tugba (26 martie 2021).
„Vânzările de comerț electronic cu
amănuntul la nivel mondial din 2014 până
în 2024” (https://www.statista.com/statis
tics/379046/worldwide-retail-e-commerce
-sales/) . Statista . Arhivat (https://web.a
rchive.org/web/20181122172313/https://
www.statista.com/statistics/379046/worl
dwide-retail-e-commerce-sales/) din
original la 22 noiembrie 2018 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.statista.com/st
atistics/379046/worldwide-retail-e-comm
erce-sales/) (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20181122172313/https://www.statista.
com/statistics/379046/worldwide-retail-e
-commerce-sales/)
48. „Moned electronic și comerț electronic” (h
ttps://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zkr
gscw/revision/3) . BBC News. Arhivat (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/202105042236
17/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guide
s/zkrgscw/revision/3) din original pe 4
mai 2021. Preluat la 4 mai 2021. (https://
www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zkrgscw/
revision/3) (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20210504223617/https://www.bbc.co.
uk/bitesize/guides/zkrgscw/revision/3)
49. Dimoka, Angelika; Hong, Yili; Pavlou, Paul
A. (iunie 2012). „Despre incertitudinea
produsului în piețele online: teorie și
dovezi” (https://web.archive.org/web/201
80106174640/http://yilihong.github.io/pa
per/Product%20Uncertainty%20in%20Onli
ne%20Markets_Dimoka_Hong_Pavlou201
2.pdf) (PDF) . Sisteme informatice de
management trimestrial . 36 (2): 395–
426. doi : 10.2307/41703461 (https://doi.
org/10.2307%2F41703461) . JSTOR
41703461 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/4
1703461) . S2CID 8963257 (https://api.s
emanticscholar.org/CorpusID:8963257) .
Arhivat din original (https://yilihong.githu
b.io/paper/Product%20Uncertainty%20i
n%20Online%20Markets_Dimoka_Hong_P
avlou2012.pdf) (PDF) la 6 ianuarie 2018 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 – prin JSTOR. (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2018010617464
0/http://yilihong.github.io/paper/Produc
t%20Uncertainty%20in%20Online%20Mark
ets_Dimoka_Hong_Pavlou2012.pdf) (http
s://doi.org/10.2307%2F41703461) (http
s://www.jstor.org/stable/41703461) (htt
ps://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:89
63257) (https://yilihong.github.io/paper/
Product%20Uncertainty%20in%20Online%
20Markets_Dimoka_Hong_Pavlou2012.pd
f)
50. Marincas, Delia Adriana (2008). „Sistem
informațional pentru managementul
lanțului de aprovizionare” (https://ideas.re
pec.org/a/aes/amfeco/v10y2008i24p236
-253.html) . Revista ECONOMICA
AMFITEATRU . 10(24): 236–253. Arhivat
(https://web.archive.org/web/201505180
65928/https://ideas.repec.org/a/aes/amf
eco/v10y2008i24p236-253.html) din
original la 18 mai 2015. Preluat la 8 mai
2015. (https://ideas.repec.org/a/aes/amf
eco/v10y2008i24p236-253.html) (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2015051806592
8/https://ideas.repec.org/a/aes/amfeco/
v10y2008i24p236-253.html)
51. Terzi, Nuray (2011). „Impactul comerțului
electronic asupra comerțului internațional
și a ocupării forței de muncă” (https://doi.
org/10.1016%2Fj.sbspro.2011.09.010) .
Procedia - Ştiinţe sociale şi
comportamentale. 24: 745–753. doi:
10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.010 (https://do
i.org/10.1016%2Fj.sbspro.2011.09.010) .
(https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sbspro.201
1.09.010) (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.s
bspro.2011.09.010)
52. „Consumatorii îi înving pe marketeri în
lupta pentru influența de cumpărare” (http
s://www.hometextilestoday.com/brands-a
mp-marketing/consumers-trump-markete
rs-in-battle-for-purchasing-influence/) .
Textile de casă astăzi . 13 mai 2022.
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
21107222125/https://www.hometextilest
oday.com/brands-amp-marketing/consu
mers-trump-marketers-in-battle-for-purch
asing-influence/) din original la 7
noiembrie 2022 . Recuperat la
7 noiembrie 2022 . (https://www.hometex
tilestoday.com/brands-amp-marketing/co
nsumers-trump-marketers-in-battle-for-pu
rchasing-influence/) (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20221107222125/https://ww
w.hometextilestoday.com/brands-amp-m
arketing/consumers-trump-marketers-in-b
attle-for-purchasing-influence/)
53. „Piața instrumentelor de evaluare și
evaluare a comerțului electronic – Un
studiu cuprinzător al jucătorilor cheie” (htt
ps://thedailyvale.com/2022/05/22/ecom
merce-rating-and-review-tools-market-a-c
omprehensive-study-by-key-playerstrustpil
ot-feefo-kiyoh-bazaarvoice-ekomi-trustsp
ot-reevoo-reziew-yelp-reviews-co-uk-yotpo
-powerreview/) . The Daily Vale . 22 mai
2022. Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20221103214341/https://thedailyvale.c
om/2022/05/22/ecommerce-rating-and-r
eview-tools-market-a-comprehensive-stud
y-by-key-playerstrustpilot-feefo-kiyoh-baza
arvoice-ekomi-trustspot-reevoo-reziew-yel
p-reviews-co-uk-yotpo-powerreview/) din
original la 3 noiembrie 2022 . Recuperat la
7 noiembrie 2022 . (https://thedailyvale.c
om/2022/05/22/ecommerce-rating-and-r
eview-tools-market-a-comprehensive-stud
y-by-key-playerstrustpilot-feefo-kiyoh-baza
arvoice-ekomi-trustspot-reevoo-reziew-yel
p-reviews-co-uk-yotpo-powerreview/) (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/202211032143
41/https://thedailyvale.com/2022/05/22/
ecommerce-rating-and-review-tools-mark
et-a-comprehensive-study-by-key-playerstr
ustpilot-feefo-kiyoh-bazaarvoice-ekomi-tru
stspot-reevoo-reziew-yelp-reviews-co-uk-y
otpo-powerreview/)
54. Evans, Richard (1 mai 2002). „Comerțul
electronic, competitivitatea și guvernanța
locală și regională în Greater Manchester
și Merseyside: o evaluare preliminară”.
Studii Urbane . Editura SAGE . 39 (5–6):
947–975. doi :
10.1080/00420980220128390 (https://do
i.org/10.1080%2F00420980220128390) .
JSTOR 43084757 (https://www.jstor.org/s
table/43084757) . S2CID 154155858 (htt
ps://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15
4155858) . (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0
0420980220128390) (https://www.jstor.
org/stable/43084757) (https://api.sema
nticscholar.org/CorpusID:154155858)
55. Januszkiewicz, Monika (octombrie 2017).
„Potrivirea virtuală online nu este încă
potrivită pentru scop: o analiză a
interfețelor de comerț electronic de
modă” (https://www.3dbody.tech/cap/pa
pers/2017/17210januszkiewicz.pdf)
(PDF) . Proceedings of 3DBODY.TECH
2017 : 210–217. doi : 10.15221/17.210 (h
ttps://doi.org/10.15221%2F17.210) .
ISBN (https://www.3dbody.tech/cap/pape
rs/2017/17210januszkiewicz.pdf) (http
s://doi.org/10.15221%2F17.21
0) 9783033064362. Arhivat (https://web.
archive.org/web/20180722014228/http://
www.3dbody.tech/cap/papers/2017/172
10januszkiewicz.pdf) (PDF) din original
pe 22 iulie 2018 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 .
56. DePillis, Lynda (16 iulie 2019). „Cutia de
carton incredibilă, care dispare de la
Amazon” (https://edition.cnn.com/2019/0
7/16/business/amazon-cardboard-box-pri
me-day/) . Afaceri CNN . Arhivat (https://
web.archive.org/web/20190716130808/h
ttps://www.cnn.com/2019/07/16/busines
s/amazon-cardboard-box-prime-day/inde
x.html) din original la 16 iulie 2019 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://edition.cn
n.com/2019/07/16/business/amazon-car
dboard-box-prime-day/) (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20190716130808/https://w
ww.cnn.com/2019/07/16/business/amaz
on-cardboard-box-prime-day/index.html)
57. Newman, Jesse; Bunge, Jacob (2020).
„Serviciul poștal din SUA este îndemnat
să nu mai livreze semințe misterioase” (ht
tps://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-postal-se
rvice-is-urged-to-stop-delivering-mysteriou
s-seeds-11596555249) . Wall Street
Journal . Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/
web/20220920192435/https://www.wsj.c
om/articles/u-s-postal-service-is-urged-to-
stop-delivering-mysterious-seeds-115965
55249) din original la 20 septembrie
2022. Preluat la 17 septembrie 2022. (htt
ps://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-postal-ser
vice-is-urged-to-stop-delivering-mysteriou
s-seeds-11596555249) (https://web.arch
ive.org/web/20220920192435/https://ww
w.wsj.com/articles/u-s-postal-service-is-u
rged-to-stop-delivering-mysterious-seeds-
11596555249)
58. Barrabi, Thomas; Carter, Shawn M. (14
iulie 2017). „Retail Apocalypse: Pier 1 și
ceilalți retaileri se închid, depunând
faliment” (https://www.foxbusiness.com/r
etail/features-retail-apocalypse-bankruptc
y-stores-closing) . Afaceri Fox . Arhivat (h
ttps://web.archive.org/web/20190812203
525/https://www.foxbusiness.com/retail/
features-retail-apocalypse-bankruptcy-sto
res-closing) din original la 12 august
2019 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://ww
w.foxbusiness.com/retail/features-retail-a
pocalypse-bankruptcy-stores-closing) (ht
tps://web.archive.org/web/20190812203
525/https://www.foxbusiness.com/retail/
features-retail-apocalypse-bankruptcy-sto
res-closing)
59. Forte, Daniela (11 martie 2019).
„Închiderile magazinelor, eșecurile
continuă să crească pe măsură ce
comercianții caută să pivoteze mai
repede” (https://multichannelmerchant.co
m/ecommerce/store-closures-failures-co
ntinue-to-mount-as-retailers-seek-to-pivot-
faster/) . Comerciant multicanal . Access
Intelligence, LLC . Arhivat (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20190813025717/https://m
ultichannelmerchant.com/ecommerce/st
ore-closures-failures-continue-to-mount-a
s-retailers-seek-to-pivot-faster/) din
original la 13 august 2019 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://multichannelmercha
nt.com/ecommerce/store-closures-failure
s-continue-to-mount-as-retailers-seek-to-p
ivot-faster/) (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20190813025717/https://multichannel
merchant.com/ecommerce/store-closure
s-failures-continue-to-mount-as-retailers-s
eek-to-pivot-faster/)
60. „Apocalipsa retailului închide magazinele
emblematice” (https://www.usatoday.co
m/story/money/2019/08/01/retail-flagshi
p-stores-close-rent-online-shopping-skyro
ckets/1888004001/) . USA Today . 1
august 2019. Arhivat (https://web.archive.
org/web/20190813033959/https://www.u
satoday.com/story/money/2019/08/01/r
etail-flagship-stores-close-rent-online-sho
pping-skyrockets/1888004001/) din
original la 13 august 2019 . Preluat la
12 august 2019 . (https://www.usatoday.c
om/story/money/2019/08/01/retail-flags
hip-stores-close-rent-online-shopping-skyr
ockets/1888004001/) (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20190813033959/https://ww
w.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/08/0
1/retail-flagship-stores-close-rent-online-s
hopping-skyrockets/1888004001/)
61. Clement, J. (12 februarie 2021). „Cele mai
populare site-uri de vânzare cu amănuntul
online din întreaga lume în 2020, după
traficul mediu lunar” (https://www.statist
a.com/statistics/274708/online-retail-and
-auction-ranked-by-worldwide-audience
s/) . Statista . Arhivat (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20200521233438/https://ww
w.statista.com/statistics/274708/online-r
etail-and-auction-ranked-by-worldwide-au
diences/) din original pe 21 mai 2020 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.statis
ta.com/statistics/274708/online-retail-an
d-auction-ranked-by-worldwide-audience
s/) (https://web.archive.org/web/202005
21233438/https://www.statista.com/stati
stics/274708/online-retail-and-auction-ra
nked-by-worldwide-audiences/)
62. Song, Zhouying (ianuarie 2022).
„Geografia cumpărăturilor online în China
și factorii principali ai săi” (http://journals.
sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/23998083211
002189) . Mediu și planificare B: Analiza
urbană și Știința orașului . 49 (1): 259–
274. doi : 10.1177/23998083211002189
(https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2399808321
1002189) . ISSN 2399-8083 (https://ww
w.worldcat.org/issn/2399-8083) . S2CID
233623855 (https://api.semanticscholar.o
rg/CorpusID:233623855) . Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2023021000032
7/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1
177/23998083211002189) din original la
10 februarie 2023 . Recuperat la 15 aprilie
2022 . (http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/
10.1177/23998083211002189) (https://
doi.org/10.1177%2F2399808321100218
9) (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2399-
8083) (https://api.semanticscholar.org/
CorpusID:233623855) (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20230210000327/https://jour
nals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2399808
3211002189)
63. Kuhuk, Jane (19 mai 2020).
„Comportamentul de cumpărături din
cauza COVID-19: ce produse ar prefera
clienții să cumpere online?” (https://comp
etera.net/resources/articles/ecommerce-
online-shopping-behavior-retail-infographi
c) . Competera (Infografic). Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2020052123343
6/https://competera.net/resources/article
s/ecommerce-online-shopping-behavior-r
etail-infographic) din original pe 21 mai
2020 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://co
mpetera.net/resources/articles/ecommer
ce-online-shopping-behavior-retail-infogra
phic) (https://web.archive.org/web/2020
0521233436/https://competera.net/resou
rces/articles/ecommerce-online-shopping
-behavior-retail-infographic)
64. Anam, Bhatti; Akram, Hamza; Basit, Hafiz
Muhammad; Khan, Ahmed Usman; Naqvi,
Syeda Mahwish Raza; Bilal, Muhammad
(2020). „Tendințe în comerțul electronic în
timpul pandemiei de COVID-19” (https://lo
vacky.eu/ws/media-library/8291b8bb61d
0458d9bec753432dc4842/qualitativepap
er.pdf) (PDF) . Jurnalul Internațional de
Comunicare și Rețele pentru generațiile
viitoare . 13 (2): 1449–1452. ISSN 2233-
7857 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/223
3-7857) . Arhivat (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20201230160442/https://www.lov
acky.eu/ws/media-library/8291b8bb61d0
458d9bec753432dc4842/qualitativepape
r.pdf) (PDF) din original la 30 decembrie
2020 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://lova
cky.eu/ws/media-library/8291b8bb61d04
58d9bec753432dc4842/qualitativepaper.
pdf) (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/22
33-7857) (https://web.archive.org/web/2
0201230160442/https://www.lovacky.eu/
ws/media-library/8291b8bb61d0458d9be
c753432dc4842/qualitativepaper.pdf)
65. Power, Michael „Mike” (19 aprilie 2013).
„Maximul online este vechi ca netul:
primul comerț electronic a fost o afacere
cu droguri” (https://www.theguardian.co
m/science/2013/apr/19/online-high-net-d
rugs-deal) . The Guardian . Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2016113004415
8/https://www.theguardian.com/science/
2013/apr/19/online-high-net-drugs-deal)
din original la 30 noiembrie 2016 . Preluat
la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.theguardian.
com/science/2013/apr/19/online-high-ne
t-drugs-deal) (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20161130044158/https://www.theguar
dian.com/science/2013/apr/19/online-hi
gh-net-drugs-deal)
66. Tkacz, Ewaryst; Kapczynski, Adrian
(2009). Internet – Dezvoltare tehnică și
aplicații (https://books.google.com/book
s?id=a9_NJIBC87gC) . Springer
Science+Business Media . p. 255. ISBN (h
ttps://books.google.com/books?id=a9_N
JIBC87gC) 9783642050190. Arhivat (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/202105042236
15/https://books.google.com/books?id=a
9_NJIBC87gC) din original pe 4 mai 2021
. Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . "Primul sistem
pilot a fost instalat în Tesco din Marea
Britanie (demonstrat pentru prima dată în
1979 de Michael Aldrich)."
67. Palmer, Colin (decembrie 1988).
„Folosirea IT pentru avantaje competitive
la vacanțele Thomson” (https://www.scie
ncedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/00
24630188901550) . Planificare pe
termen lung . 21 (6): 26–29. doi :
10.1016/0024-6301(88)90155-0 (https://d
oi.org/10.1016%2F0024-6301%2888%299
0155-0) . Arhivat (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20210504223609/https://www.sci
encedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0
024630188901550) din original pe 4 mai
2021 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 – prin
Elsevier Science Direct. (https://www.scie
ncedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/00
24630188901550) (https://doi.org/10.10
16%2F0024-6301%2888%2990155-0) (ht
tps://web.archive.org/web/20210504223
609/https://www.sciencedirect.com/scie
nce/article/abs/pii/0024630188901550)
68. „Comerț electronic” (https://www.studym
ode.com/essays/e-Commerce-1554293.h
tml) . StudyMode . 31 martie 2013.
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
00805215334/https://www.studymode.co
m/essays/e-Commerce-1554293.html)
din original la 5 august 2020 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://www.studymode.co
m/essays/e-Commerce-1554293.html)
(https://web.archive.org/web/202008052
15334/https://www.studymode.com/essa
ys/e-Commerce-1554293.html)
69. „Întreprinzători de pian”. Ziarul . Ziarele
Contra Costa. Contra Costa Times. 11
februarie 1985.
70. „În ton cu The Times - Afacerea cu pian
prosperă în Slump”. Ziarul . Ziarele Contra
Costa. Revizuirea zilnică. 26 iunie 1986.
71. „Cumpărături online: pensionarul care a
fost pionier în revoluția cumpărăturilor la
domiciliu” (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/
magazine-24091393) . Stirile BBC. 16
septembrie 2013. Arhivat (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20180717063557/https://w
ww.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-2409139
3) din original la 17 iulie 2018 . Preluat la
21 iunie 2018 . (https://www.bbc.co.uk/ne
ws/magazine-24091393) (https://web.ar
chive.org/web/20180717063557/https://
www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-2409139
3)
72. Aldrich, Michael (martie 2009). „Găsirea
doamnei Snowball” (https://web.archive.o
rg/web/20201207045137/http://www.aldr
icharchive.com/snowball.html) . Arhiva
Michael Aldrich . Arhivat din original (htt
p://www.aldricharchive.com/snowball.ht
ml) pe 7 decembrie 2020 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20201207045137/http://www.aldrichar
chive.com/snowball.html) (http://www.al
dricharchive.com/snowball.html)
73. „The Electronic Mall” (https://web.archive.
org/web/20160326123900/http://gsbrow
n.org/compuserve/electronic-mall-1984-0
4/) . GS Brown. 30 aprilie 2010. Arhivat
din original (http://www.gsbrown.org/com
puserve/electronic-mall-1984-04/) la 26
martie 2016 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2016032612390
0/http://gsbrown.org/compuserve/electro
nic-mall-1984-04/) (http://www.gsbrown.
org/compuserve/electronic-mall-1984-0
4/)
74. Berners-Lee, Tim. „Browserul
WorldWideWeb” (https://www.w3.org/Peo
ple/Berners-Lee/WorldWideWeb.html) .
Consorțiul World Wide Web . Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021050122200
6/https://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Le
e/WorldWideWeb.html) din original la 1
mai 2021 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (http
s://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/Worl
dWideWeb.html) (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20210501222006/https://www.w
3.org/People/Berners-Lee/WorldWideWe
b.html)
75. Geiger, Conrad (15 septembrie 1992).
„Next Nugget News Digest” (https://web.a
rchive.org/web/20160310211403/http://n
ext.68k.org/ftp.peak.org/next/document
s/newsletters/NuggetNewsText/vol.04.1
1.txt) . Următorul . Arhivat din original (ht
tp://next.68k.org/ftp.peak.org/next/docu
ments/newsletters/NuggetNewsText/vol.
04.11.txt) la 10 martie 2016 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20160310211403/http://next.68k.org/ft
p.peak.org/next/documents/newsletters/
NuggetNewsText/vol.04.11.txt) (http://ne
xt.68k.org/ftp.peak.org/next/documents/
newsletters/NuggetNewsText/vol.04.11.t
xt)
76. Tayler, Jesse (11 aprilie 2016). „Jesse
Tayler vorbește despre App Store și
NeXTSTEP cu AppStorey” (https://appstor
ey.com/2016/04/11/jesse-tayler-talks-ap
pstore-and-nextstep-with-appstorey/) .
AppStorey . Arhivat (https://web.archive.o
rg/web/20180321063209/https://appstor
ey.com/2016/04/11/jesse-tayler-talks-ap
pstore-and-nextstep-with-appstorey/) din
original la 21 martie 2018 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://appstorey.com/201
6/04/11/jesse-tayler-talks-appstore-and-n
extstep-with-appstorey/) (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20180321063209/https://a
ppstorey.com/2016/04/11/jesse-tayler-tal
ks-appstore-and-nextstep-with-appstore
y/)
77. „COMUNICAT DE PRESĂ: AppWrapper
Volume1 Issue 3 Ships” (https://groups.g
oogle.com/g/comp.sys.next.announce/c/
0mE2n2zaeVE/m/znflGBPPqlYJ) .
Grupuri Google (Comunicat de presă). 28
septembrie 1993. Arhivat (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20210504223607/https://gr
oups.google.com/g/comp.sys.next.annou
nce/c/0mE2n2zaeVE/m/znflGBPPqlYJ)
din original la 4 mai 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://groups.google.com/
g/comp.sys.next.announce/c/0mE2n2zae
VE/m/znflGBPPqlYJ) (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20210504223607/https://grou
ps.google.com/g/comp.sys.next.announc
e/c/0mE2n2zaeVE/m/znflGBPPqlYJ)
78. Lewis, Peter H. (12 august 1994). „Atenție
Cumpărători: Internetul este deschis” (htt
ps://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/12/busi
ness/attention-shoppers-internet-is-open.
html) . The New York Times . Arhivat (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/201709030955
12/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/12/
business/attention-shoppers-internet-is-o
pen.html) din original la 3 septembrie
2017 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://ww
w.nytimes.com/1994/08/12/business/att
ention-shoppers-internet-is-open.html) (h
ttps://web.archive.org/web/20170903095
512/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/1
2/business/attention-shoppers-internet-is
-open.html)
79. Kelly, Kevin (august 2005). „Noi suntem
web” (https://web.archive.org/web/20130
824064357/http://www.wired.com/wired/
archive/13.08/tech.html?pg=2) . Cablat .
Arhivat din original (https://www.wired.co
m/wired/archive/13.08/tech.html?pg=2)
la 24 august 2013 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 .
(https://web.archive.org/web/201308240
64357/http://www.wired.com/wired/archi
ve/13.08/tech.html?pg=2) (https://www.
wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/tech.htm
l?pg=2)
80. Bunnell, David (16 mai 2001). „Modelul de
afaceri eBay” (https://books.google.com/
books?id=pnict8L-_iYC&pg=PA71) .
Fenomenul ebay: Secretele de afaceri din
spatele celei mai tari companii de internet
din lume (https://books.google.com/book
s?id=pnict8L-_iYC) . John Wiley & Sons.
pp. 71–81. ISBN (https://books.google.co
m/books?id=pnict8L-_iYC&pg=PA71) (htt
ps://books.google.com/books?id=pnict8L
-_iYC) 9780471436799. Arhivat (https://
web.archive.org/web/20210504223601/h
ttps://books.google.com/books?id=pnict8
L-_iYC) din original pe 4 mai 2021 .
Consultat la 5 septembrie 2019 .
81. „Primele ștampile electronice puse la
încercare” (https://news.google.com/new
spapers?id=6EVWAAAAIBAJ&pg=5537%2
C1474649) . Afaceri de duminică . 6
aprilie 1998. p. 16. Arhivat (https://web.ar
chive.org/web/20210504223612/https://
news.google.com/newspapers?id=6EVW
AAAAIBAJ&pg=5537%2C1474649) din
original la 4 mai 2021 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://news.google.com/newspa
pers?id=6EVWAAAAIBAJ&pg=5537%2C1
474649) (https://web.archive.org/web/2
0210504223612/https://news.google.co
m/newspapers?id=6EVWAAAAIBAJ&pg=5
537%2C1474649)
82. „eBay achiziționează PayPal” (https://we
b.archive.org/web/20141006214543/htt
p://investor.ebay.com/releasedetail.cfm?r
eleaseid=84142) . eBay . 8 iulie 2002.
Arhivat din original (http://investor.ebay.c
om/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=84142)
la 6 octombrie 2014 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://web.archive.org/web/2014
1006214543/http://investor.ebay.com/rel
easedetail.cfm?releaseid=84142) (http://
investor.ebay.com/releasedetail.cfm?Rele
aseID=84142)
83. „Diane Wang: Adunarea eroilor
„furnicilor”” (https://web.archive.org/web/
20120223015245/http://www.zwgl.com.c
n/article_info.asp?nid=4243) . Sino
Foreign Management. Arhivat din original
(http://www.zwgl.com.cn/article_info.as
p?nid=4243) la 23 februarie 2012 .
Recuperat la 3 septembrie 2011 . (https://
web.archive.org/web/20120223015245/h
ttp://www.zwgl.com.cn/article_info.asp?n
id=4243) (http://www.zwgl.com.cn/articl
e_info.asp?nid=4243)
84. Allemann, Andrew (26 iulie 2007). „RH
Donnelley achiziționează Business.com
pentru 345 milioane USD” (https://domain
namewire.com/2007/07/26/rh-donnelley-
acquires-businesscom-for-345m/) .
Firma de nume de domeniu . Brainstorm
Labs, LLC . Arhivat (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20210408054344/https://domainn
amewire.com/2007/07/26/rh-donnelley-a
cquires-businesscom-for-345m/) din
original la 8 aprilie 2021 . Preluat la 4 mai
2021 . (https://domainnamewire.com/200
7/07/26/rh-donnelley-acquires-businessc
om-for-345m/) (https://web.archive.org/
web/20210408054344/https://domainna
mewire.com/2007/07/26/rh-donnelley-ac
quires-businesscom-for-345m/)
85. Kodali, Sucharita (12 mai 2014).
„Prognoza comerțului electronic din SUA:
2013 până în 2018” (https://www.forreste
r.com/report/US+eCommerce+Forecast+
2013+To+2018/-/E-RES115513) .
Cercetare Forrester . Arhivat (https://web.
archive.org/web/20210123105902/http
s://www.forrester.com/report/US+eCom
merce+Forecast+2013+To+2018/-/E-RES
115513) din original la 23 ianuarie 2021 .
Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.forre
ster.com/report/US+eCommerce+Foreca
st+2013+To+2018/-/E-RES115513) (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021012310590
2/https://www.forrester.com/report/US+e
Commerce+Forecast+2013+To+2018/-/E-
RES115513)
86. Garcia, Tonya (22 decembrie 2015).
„Amazon va reprezenta mai mult de
jumătate din creșterea comerțului
electronic în 2015, spune Macquarie” (htt
ps://www.marketwatch.com/story/amazo
n-will-account-for-more-than-half-of-2015-
e-commerce-growth-says-macquarie-201
5-12-22) . MarketWatch . Arhivat (https://
web.archive.org/web/20210128162404/h
ttps://www.marketwatch.com/story/amaz
on-will-account-for-more-than-half-of-201
5-e-commerce-growth-says-macquarie-20
15-12-22) din original la 28 ianuarie 2021
. Preluat la 4 mai 2021 . (https://www.mar
ketwatch.com/story/amazon-will-account
-for-more-than-half-of-2015-e-commerce-
growth-says-macquarie-2015-12-22) (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/202101281624
04/https://www.marketwatch.com/story/
amazon-will-account-for-more-than-half-o
f-2015-e-commerce-growth-says-macquar
ie-2015-12-22)
87. Mcnair, Corey (29 ianuarie 2018). „Vânzări
la nivel mondial de comerț cu amănuntul
și comerț electronic: prognoza actualizată
de eMarketer și noi estimări de comerț
electronic pentru 2016—2021” (https://w
ww.emarketer.com/Report/Worldwide-Ret
ail-Ecommerce-Sales-eMarketers-Updated
-Forecast-New-Mcommerce-Estimates-20
162021/2002182) . eMarketer . Insider
Intelligence Inc. Arhivat (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20181127152046/https://ww
w.emarketer.com/Report/Worldwide-Retai
l-Ecommerce-Sales-eMarketers-Updated-F
orecast-New-Mcommerce-Estimates-201
62021/2002182) din original pe 27
noiembrie 2018 . Preluat la 4 mai 2021 .
(https://www.emarketer.com/Report/Worl
dwide-Retail-Ecommerce-Sales-eMarketer
s-Updated-Forecast-New-Mcommerce-Est
imates-20162021/2002182) (https://we
b.archive.org/web/20181127152046/http
s://www.emarketer.com/Report/Worldwid
e-Retail-Ecommerce-Sales-eMarketers-Up
dated-Forecast-New-Mcommerce-Estimat
es-20162021/2002182)
88. „Vânzările globale de comerț electronic au
crescut la 29 de trilioane de dolari” (http
s://unctad.org/press-material/global-e-co
mmerce-sales-surged-29-trillion)
(Comunicat de presă). Conferința
Națiunilor Unite pentru Comerț și
Dezvoltare . 29 martie 2019. Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021050205591
1/https://unctad.org/press-material/globa
l-e-commerce-sales-surged-29-trillion)
din original la 2 mai 2021 . Preluat la
4 mai 2021 . (https://unctad.org/press-ma
terial/global-e-commerce-sales-surged-29
-trillion) (https://web.archive.org/web/20
210502055911/https://unctad.org/press-
material/global-e-commerce-sales-surged
-29-trillion)
89. „UPI depășește pragul de 2 miliarde de
tranzacții în octombrie, în creștere cu 80%
față de anul trecut; valoarea se apropie de
Rs 4 lakh cr” (https://www.financialexpres
s.com/industry/banking-finance/upi-cross
es-2-billion-transactions-milestone-in-octo
ber-up-80-from-year-ago-value-nears-rs-4-l
akh-cr/2118690/) . Financialexpress .
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/202
20926011703/https://www.financialexpre
ss.com/industry/banking-finance/upi-cros
ses-2-billion-transactions-milestone-in-oct
ober-up-80-from-year-ago-value-nears-rs-4
-lakh-cr/2118690/) din original la 26
septembrie 2022 . Preluat la 24 martie
2022 . (https://www.financialexpress.co
m/industry/banking-finance/upi-crosses-2
-billion-transactions-milestone-in-october-
up-80-from-year-ago-value-nears-rs-4-lakh
-cr/2118690/) (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20220926011703/https://www.financi
alexpress.com/industry/banking-finance/
upi-crosses-2-billion-transactions-milesto
ne-in-october-up-80-from-year-ago-value-n
ears-rs-4-lakh-cr/2118690/)
90. „India: numărul de tranzacții BHIM 2022”
(https://www.statista.com/statistics/105
5414/india-number-of-transactions-throug
h-bhim/) . Statista . Arhivat (https://web.
archive.org/web/20220324044607/http
s://www.statista.com/statistics/105541
4/india-number-of-transactions-through-b
him/) din original la 24 martie 2022 .
Preluat la 24 martie 2022 . (https://www.s
tatista.com/statistics/1055414/india-nu
mber-of-transactions-through-bhim/) (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/202203240446
07/https://www.statista.com/statistics/1
055414/india-number-of-transactions-thro
ugh-bhim/)
Lectură în continuare
Laudon, Kenneth C.; Traver, Carol Guercio
(2014). Comerț electronic: afaceri,
tehnologie, societate (https://books.google.
com/books?id=-cgDnwEACAAJ) (ed. a 10-
a). Pearson plc . ISBN 9781292009094.
Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/web/2021
0505004149/https://books.google.com/bo
oks?id=-cgDnwEACAAJ) din original pe 5
mai 2021 . Preluat la 5 mai 2021 .
Chaudhury, Abijit; Kuilboer, Jean-Pierre
(2002). Infrastructura e-business și comerț
electronic: tehnologii care sprijină inițiativa e-
business (https://books.google.com/book
s?id=zHoeAQAAIAAJ) . Educație McGraw
Hill . ISBN 9780071123136. Arhivat (http
s://web.archive.org/web/2021050500414
3/https://books.google.com/books?id=zHo
eAQAAIAAJ) din original pe 5 mai 2021 .
Preluat la 5 mai 2021 .
Frieden, Jonathan D.; Roche, Sean Patrick
(2006). „E-Commerce: Probleme juridice ale
comerciantului online din Virginia” (http://jo
lt.richmond.edu/jolt-archive/v13i2/article5.
pdf) (PDF) . Richmond Journal of Law and
Technology . 13 (2). Arhivat (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20200922172841/http://jolt.r
ichmond.edu/jolt-archive/v13i2/article5.pd
f) (PDF) din original pe 22 septembrie 2020
. Preluat la 5 mai 2021 .
Graham, Mark (2008). „Geografiile
deformate ale dezvoltării: Internetul și
teoriile dezvoltării economice” (https://web.
archive.org/web/20161126085903/http://g
eospace.co.uk/files/compass.pdf) (PDF) .
Busolă Geografică . Editura Blackwell . 2 (3):
771–789. doi : 10.1111/j.1749-
8198.2008.00093.x (https://doi.org/10.111
1%2Fj.1749-8198.2008.00093.x) . S2CID
16190907 (https://api.semanticscholar.or
g/CorpusID:16190907) . Arhivat din
original (http://geospace.co.uk/files/compa
ss.pdf) (PDF) la 26 noiembrie 2016 .
Preluat la 5 mai 2021 – prin Wiley Online
Library.
Humeau, Philippe; Jung, Matthieu (21 iunie
2013). Benchmark detaliat pentru 12 soluții
de comerț electronic (http://docshare01.doc
share.tips/files/18925/189257997.pdf)
(PDF) . Arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20210505004106/http://docshare01.doc
share.tips/files/18925/189257997.pdf)
(PDF) din original pe 5 mai 2021 . Preluat la
5 mai 2021 .
Kessler, Michelle (22 decembrie 2003), Mai
mulți cumpărători procedează la finalizarea
comenzii online (https://usatoday30.usatod
ay.com/tech/news/2003-12-22-shoppers_x.
htm) , arhivat (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20201231093120/https://usatoday30.us
atoday.com/tech/news/2003-12-22-shoppe
rs_x.htm) din original la 31 decembrie
2020 , preluat la 5 mai 2021
Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Wells, Taylor Michael;
Moody, Greg; Humpherys, Sean; Kettles,
Degan (3 februarie 2006), Online Payment
Gateways Used to Facilitate E-Commerce
Transactions and Improve Risk Management
(https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.ph
p?ID=006067124031002012102073005071
1020281210030670160490051251010291
2309111610700610308803300001812510
9112124079012078102065108100010041
0740390181021250870940690290230540
5403210102712309908400609609609811
3025008086066011113125031124019127
031001124116068) , vol. 17 (publicat în
ianuarie 2006), pp. 1–48, SSRN 879797 (ht
tps://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?ab
stract_id=879797) , arhivat (https://web.ar
chive.org/web/20210505004134/https://pa
pers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_i
d=879797) din original la 5 mai 2021 ,
preluat la 5 mai 2021
Kotler, Philip (2009). Managementul
marketingului (https://archive.org/details/fr
ameworkformark00kotl_2) (ed. a IV-a).
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey : Prentice
Hall . ISBN 9780136026600. OCLC
1149204899 (https://www.worldcat.org/oc
lc/1149204899) . Preluat la 5 mai 2021 .
Miller, Roger LeRoy; Cross, Frank B. (2002).
Mediul juridic și al comerțului electronic de
astăzi: afaceri în contextul etic, de
reglementare și internațional (https://www.g
oogle.com/books/?id=4wQ9AQAAIAAJ)
(ed. a treia). Sud-Vest.
ISBN 9780324061888. Arhivat (https://web.
archive.org/web/20210505004111/https://
books.google.com/books/?id=4wQ9AQAAI
AAJ) din original pe 5 mai 2021 . Preluat la
5 mai 2021 .
Nissanoff, Daniel (2006). FutureShop: Cum
va revoluționa noua cultură de licitație modul
în care cumpărăm, vindem și obținem
lucrurile pe care le dorim cu adevărat (http
s://archive.org/details/futureshophownew0
0niss) . New York : The Penguin Press .
ISBN 978-1-59420-077-9. OCLC
1149173925 (https://www.worldcat.org/oc
lc/1149173925) . Preluat la 5 mai 2021 .
Seybold, Patricia B. (2001). Revoluția
clienților (https://archive.org/details/custo
merrevoluti00seyb) (ed. I). New York City :
Crown Business . ISBN 978-0-609-60772-5.
OCLC 1148801120 (https://www.worldcat.
org/oclc/1148801120) . Preluat la 5 mai
2021 .
linkuri externe
Comerț electronic
la proiectele surori ale Wikipedia
Definiții din
Wikționar
Media de la
Commons
Știri de la
Wikiștiri
Manuale din
Wikibooks
Resurse de
la
Wikiversity
Date de la
Wikidata
Preluat de la „
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=E-
commerce&oldid=1166149485 ”