Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ACUTA TIP B
nucleocapsidei
AgHBs
-localizat in anvelopa virala, sintetizat hepatic si evidentiat
in sangele circulant ca un component al particulei Dane sau
ca elemente incomplete structurale libere de anvelopa, de
forma sferica sau filamentoasa
-apare primul dupa infectare la un interval variabil de 1-2
pana la 12 saptamani
-prezenta lui exprima starea de portaj sau infectia
AgHBe
-apare dupa cateva zile fata de AgHBs
-semnifica infectiozitatea sangelui prin replicarea persistenta
a VHB
- prezenta lui dupa mai mult de 10 saptamani semnifica
cronicizarea infectiei
ADN-polimeraza
-intervine in replicare si in infectiozitatea VHB
10-15% cronicizeaza
Raspunsul gazdei
-nespecific:activarea complementului, secretie de
interferoni, stimularea celulelor NK naturale + un
raspuns umoral cu secretie de Ac neutralizanti,
opsonizare prin fagocite;
-raspuns imun celular – activarea limfocitelor CD4
helper si CD8 citotoxice
Lezarea hepatocitelor-mecanisme:
-raspunsul limfocitelor T citotoxice fata de AgHBc si AgHBe
-actiune citopatica directa a AgHBc
-efectele cumulate ale AgHBe, AgHBs, AgHBc si AND-polimerazei care
favorizeaza cronicizarea
-acumularea de AgHBs in celulele hepatice
-coinfectia cu VHD cu forme fulminante de hepatita acuta
Decesul survine dupa 10-21 zile in 45% din cazuri, proportie dubla
fata de hepatita VHA
Boala inactiva
Ciroza
Reactivare
Deces
12
Procentul incidentei cumulative
HBsAg(+), HBeAg(+)
(RR = 60.2)
10
4
HBsAg+, HBeAg-
(RR = 9.6)
2
HBsAg-, HBeAg-
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Varsta
Dr. Ovidiu Rosca-Clinica I Boli
Infectioase Timisoara
Fazele infectiei Cronice cu VHB
Faza de toleranta imuna
• AgHBe (+); HBV DNA mult crescut (105-10); ALT normal
~ 2 million Asians
~ 930, 000
Europeans
~ 400,000
South Americans
HBsAg Prevalence
> 8% - High ~ 350,000
2-8% - Intermediate Africans
< 2% - Low
Immigration numbers summed by continent from 1996-2002
Cancer (HCC)
5%–10%1
6% in 5 ani
Infectie
30% Transplant
cronica Ciroza hepatic Deces
23% in 5 ani
Faza acuta
Insuficienta
hepatica
Ag HBs Pozitiv
Neg. Poz.
HBV DNA < 104 IU/mL; Grey HBV DNA > 104 IU/mL;
ALT normal zone Valori ale ALT
crescute 3-6 luni
Follow, no
– < 104 Normal
treatment
Consider
– ≥ 104 Normal biopsy;
treat if diseased
–
Dr. Ovidiu Rosca-Clinica I Boli
≥ 104 Elevated Treat
Infectioase Timisoara
Goals of Hepatitis B Therapy
Primary goal: suppress HBV DNA to the
lowest possible level to achieve
• Prevention of liver disease progression to
cirrhosis
• Prevention of liver failure and HCC
• Prevention of liver disease–related
transplantation or death
HBV DNA suppression leads to
• Histologic improvement
• ALT normalization
• HBeAg loss and seroconversion
• HBsAg loss and seroconversion