SC El M4 en

MODULUL 4 - OPȚIONAL
Noțiuni elementare de limbă engleză

pentru electricieni
SUPORT DE CURS
ELECTRICIAN ÎN CONSTRUCȚII
Cod COR: 713701

Nivelul de instruire: 2 (studii medii)
2014
FFoorrm
maattoorr:: iinngg .. G Buuccăăttaarruu
Ghheeoorrgghhee B
INOVAREA ȘI REVITALIZAREA MEDIULUI RURAL -Proiect cofinanțat din Fondul Social European prin Programul Operațional Sectorial Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane
2007-2013 -CONTRACT: POSDRU/135/5.2/S/126607
SUPORT DE CURS (M4-EN)– CALIFICAREA ”ELECTRICIAN” nivel 2,COR 713701, elaborat ing. Gheorghe Bucătaru - Formator
Pag 1 din 22
Noțiuni de limbă engleză utile
electricianului
Vocabular în limba engleză (învățați din imagini !) Pag.03
Texte tehnice în limba engleză (traduse orientativ în limba română) Pag.19
Pag 2 din 22
Vocabular în limba engleză (învățați din imagini !)
incandescent lamp
Lamp in which a filament heated by an electric current produces light rays.
lead-in wire
Electric conductor carrying the current to the filament.
inert gas
Gas inserted in the bulb to slow down evaporation of the filament.
base
Metal end of a lightbulb inserted into a socket to connect it to the electric circuit.
exhaust tube
Glass tube used to empty the air from the bulb and then to fill it with inert gas before it is sealed.
pinch
Part in which the lead-in wires are attached.
heat deflecting disc
Metal disc placed at the entrance of a lamp’s neck to protect the pinch and the base from the
heat.
stem
Button support.
button
End of the stem; the filament supports are attached to it.
Pag 3 din 22
support
Metal wire holding the filament.
filament
Very thin metal wire, usually made of tungsten, emitting light rays when an electric current
passes through it.
bayonet base
Base fitted with two short metal pins so that it can be placed in the corresponding socket.
screw base
Base fitted with a screw pitch so it can be inserted into the corresponding socket.
bulb
Gas sealed in a glass envelope into which the luminous body of a lamp is inserted.
tungsten-halogen lamp
Lamp that is brighter and lasts longer than a traditional incandescent lamp, but that lets off more
heat.
contact
Metal part that establishes electric contact between the base of a lightbulb and the socket.
base
electric circuit
Lamp component allowing the electric current to circulate through the tungsten filament.
Pag 4 din 22
inert gas
Gas inserted in the bulb to slow down evaporation of the filament; iodine or bromine are added as
they combine with the tungsten at high temperatures.
tungsten filament
Very thin metal wire emitting light rays when an electric current passes though it.
filament support
Metal wire holding the filament.
bulb
tungsten-halogen lamp
Lamp that is brighter and lasts longer than a traditional incandescent lamp, but that lets off more
heat.
pin
Cylindrical metal part that establishes electric contact when inserted into the corresponding
outlet.
fluorescent tube [1]
Tube in which the electric current produces ultraviolet radiation converted into visible light by a
layer of a fluorescent substance.
pin
outlet.
bulb
Long glass cylinder enclosing the components of this type of tube and diffusing light.
pin base
End of the tube equipped with two pins that, when inserted into the socket, connect the tube with
the electric circuit.
Pag 5 din 22
fluorescent tube [2]
pin
outlet.
bulb
Long glass cylinder enclosing the components of this type of tube and diffusing light.
pin base
End of the tube equipped with two pins that, when inserted into the socket, connect the tube with
the electric circuit.
pinch
Part in which the lead-in wires are attached.
exhaust tube
Glass tube used to empty the air from the bulb and then to fill it with inert gas before it is sealed.
lead-in wire
Electric conductor carrying the current to the filament.
gas
The tube is filled with an inert gas under low pressure, with mercury added.
mercury
A small amount of vaporized mercury, added to the gas, emits ultraviolet radiation during the
electric discharge.
electrode
A device placed at each end of the tube; an electric discharge arcs between the two of them.
phosphorescent coating
The tube’s internal coating; it is composed of phosphate particles that convert ultraviolet rays into
visible light.
Pag 6 din 22
energy-saving bulb
Bulb whose electricity consumption is lower and its life longer than an incandescent bulb.
base
fluorescent tube
housing
electronic ballast
Device stabilizing the electric current, ensuring that the light switches on instantly, without
blinking.
mounting plate
Plate on which the lamp’s working devices are attached.
tube retention clip
Part into which the fluorescent tube is inserted to connect it.
bulb
Pag 7 din 22
distribution panel
Set of devices forming the junction of the public electricity grid and the electric circuits of a
dwelling.
ground connection
Metal conductor attached to the ground wire in order to ground the entire circuit.
ground wire
Wire conducting the current from the ground/neutral bus bar to the ground connection in the
event of a short circuit.
terminal
Part of the ground/neutral bus bar to which a neutral wire and the ground wire of a circuit are
attached.
ground/neutral bus bar
Receives the current from the neutral grounded wires of the various circuits and conducts them to
the neutral service wire and the ground connection.
neutral wire
Wire having no electric charge that allows the current to return to the distribution panel and the
grid.
Pag 8 din 22
ground fault circuit interrupter
Device reducing the risk of electric shock in a humid place in the event of an accidental leak of
current to the ground.
single circuit breaker
Protection device for a 120-volt circuit that, in the event of overload, is released and thus cuts off
electricity to the circuits.
double circuit breaker Protection device for a 240-volt circuit that, in the event of overload, is
released and thus cuts off electricity to the circuits.
main breaker
Mechanism controlling the supply of electricity to the hot bus bars; it allows the current to all the
dwelling’s circuits to be cut.
knockout
Partially cut-out metal part that can be removed if needed in order to attach a supplementary
cable to the panel.
bonding jumper Screw inserted into the metal box of the panel allowing it to be connected to
the neutral hot bus bar.
plastic insulator Plate made of nonconductive material preventing the hot bus bars from
coming in contact with the back of the panel.
ground
Part connecting the neutral hot bus bar that allows the current from the circuits’ neutral wires to
be transferred to the neutral service wire.
hot bus bar Conductive part of the panel into which the breakers for each circuit are plugged.
120-volt circuit
Composed of one live wire, one neutral wire and one grounded wire; it allows electricity to reach
a small appliance or a light.
240-volt circuit
Composed of two lives wires, one neutral wire and one grounded wire; this allows electricity to
reach devices requiring a lot of power.
neutral service wire
Wire having no electric charge that, via the neutral hot bus bar, returns the current from domestic
circuits to the grid.
ground bond Links the bonding jumper to the neutral hot bus bar.
main power cable
Live wire conducting the electric current.
connector
Device for screwing the electric-connection conduit to the panel box.
240-volt feeder cable
Cable consisting of three wires, one neutral and two live, conducting an electric current from the
grid to the distribution panel.
Pag 9 din 22
network connection
Set of equipment and conductors allowing a customer’s electric installation to be connected to
the public grid.
fuse
Electric connection device devised for interrupting the current in the event of electric overload by
melting one of its components.
examples of fuses
Pag 10 din 22
distribution panel Set of devices forming the junction of the public electricity grid and the
electric circuits of a dwelling.
service box Metal box containing the main switch.
main switch Mechanism allowing a dwelling’s current to be cut off.
electricity meter
Device measuring the consumption of electricity by a dwelling.
cover
base
full-load adjustment screw Screw adjusting the rotation speed of the disk so that it
corresponds to high consumption, such as in large appliances requiring a great deal of electricity.
dial
disk Aluminum plate that turns as the current flows through the meter; the number of times it
rotates is proportional to the amount of electricity consumed.
consumer number
light-load adjustment screw Screw allowing the rotation speed of the disk to be adjusted so
that it corresponds to light consumption, such as from a lamp, toaster or ceiling fan.
nameplate
Plate bearing the various features of an electric meter.
register
Metering system measuring a dwelling’s electricity consumption expressed in kilowatt hours
(kWh).
Pag 11 din 22
distributor service loop
Set of conductors extending the distribution line to the customer’s connection point.
ground wire
Metal conductor inserted into the ground ensuring that accidental electric leakages are conducted
to the earth.
low-tension distribution line
Overhead electricity-distribution line with a maximum tension of 750 volts; its conductors are
located under the transformer.
overhead connection
The equipment and overhead conductors that connect a subscriber’s electric system to the public
distribution network.
brace Slanted part that connects the pole to the crossarm to hold it in place horizontally.
fuse Protection device for the electric circuit; it falls from the fuse holder to cut the current in
the event of a surge.
fuse cutout Unit that consists of a fuse and a fuse holder.

terminal Part on which low-tension distribution line conductors are joined to the transformers.
transformer Device that alters electric voltage; voltage is decreased before being distributed by
low-tension lines to areas of consumption.
insulator Piece of nonconducting material that connects the distribution line conductors to the
support.
Pag 12 din 22
supply point Place where the customer’s service entrance is connected to the low-tension
distribution line.
low-tension distribution line
Overhead line that distributes electricity up to a voltage of 750 V; its conductors are located under
the transformer.
bushing Insulator and point where the current enters the medium-tension transformer.
fuse holder
Electric junction point where the fuse is attached and on which it articulates so the fuse can fall
over.
âlightning arrester Device that protects the electric facilities from power surges caused by
lightning.
crossarm Horizontal element located at the top of an electricity pole; insulators are attached to
it.
medium-tension distribution line Overhead line that distributes electricity at a voltage
between 750 and 50,000 V; its conductors are located at the top of electricity poles.
hot line connector Linking piece with a bolt, which is tightened to bring together two
conductors to establish an electric connection between them.
insulator Piece of nonconducting material that connects the distribution line conductors to the
support.
medium-tension distribution line

Overhead electricity-distribution lines with tension between 750 and 50,000 volts; its conductors
are located at the top of the poles.
neutral conductor
Conductor of a distribution line that, connected to a neutral point of the grid, returns the current.
supply point
Place where the customer’s service entrance is connected to the low-tension distribution line.
customer’s service entrance
The customer’s portion of the electric hookup: from the service box to the connection point.
connection point
Place where the customer’s electric hookup is connected to the electric grid.
phase conductor
Live wire conducting the electric current.
Pag 13 din 22
contact devices [1]
Examples of components that connect a device to an electric circuit.
European outlet
Device fitted with sockets connecting an electric circuit to an electric device when the plug is
inserted into it.
contact devices [2]
Examples of
Outlet - Device connecting an electric circuit that conducts the current to an electric device when
a plug is inserted.
Pag 14 din 22
grounding prong Device connecting a circuit’s ground wire, which allows the current to be
conducted to the ground connection in the event of a short circuit.
blade Flat metal part inserted into the slot of an outlet to establish electric contact.
socket-contact Hole intended to receive a plug’s pin and establish electric contact.
grounding prong Device connecting a circuit’s ground wire, which allows the current to be
plug adapter Electric accessory adapting a plug to an outlet of a different configuration.
European plug End part of an electric wire equipped with pins that are inserted into the socket
contacts of an outlet to establish contact.
grounding socket Device connecting a circuit’s ground wire, which allows the current to be
cover Part covering the internal components of a plug.
pin Cylindrical metal part that establishes electric contact when inserted into the corresponding
outlet.
clamp Metal part used for fastening a device’s wire to the plug.
terminal Part to which an electric wire’s conductors are attached.
contact devices [3]

Examples of components that connect a device to an electric circuit.
dimmer switch
Switch for varying the brightness of a lighting installation.
switch
Mechanism allowing the current in an electric circuit to be established or interrupted.
switch plate
Protective plate covering an outlet or, in this case, a switch.
electrical box
Box housing the electric connections in order to protect the part of the dwelling’s frame upon
which it is mounted.
Pag 15 din 22
parallel electrical circuit
It is divided into independent branches, through which the current flows with partial intensity (in a
series circuit, all the elements receive the same intensity).
branch
Part of the circuit between two consecutive nodes; it constitutes an independent electric circuit.
negative terminal
Polarity element of the battery from which the current flows through the circuit.
positive terminal
Polarity element of the battery toward which the current flows through the circuit.
direction of electron flow
Electrons move from the negative terminal toward the positive terminal; this is opposite to the
conventional direction of the current, which flows from the positive toward the negative.
node
Junction point of two or more branches in the electric circuit.
shunt
It enables each device to have its own circuit and to function independently. This way, if one
lightbulb does not function, the current continues to flow in the rest of the circuit.
bulb
cells
Devices that transform chemical energy into electric energy in order to power electric devices
(here, a lightbulb).
Pag 16 din 22
battery
Device composed of one or more interrelated cells; each one accumulates a reserve of electricity
whose purpose is to supply electricity to the circuit.
power source
The current leaves the battery by the negative terminal, flows through the circuit to power the
lightbulbs and returns to the battery by the positive terminal.
switch
Mechanism allowing the current in an electric circuit to be established or interrupted.
dynamo
Continuous generator of electric current; it is used, for example, on bicycles for lighting.
field electromagnet Fixed electromagnet made up of an iron bar and coils; when exposed to
an excitation current, it creates a magnetic field.
commutator Conductive plates that are insulated from each other and connected to the field
coil; they collect and rectify the induced alternating current.
shaft Cylindrical part that transmits a rotational motion to the dynamo’s armature.
frame Metal casing that houses the magnetic field.
fan wheel Device with blades that circulates air to cool the dynamo.
armature Moving part of the dynamo that is made up of a coil, which produces an electric
current as it rotates inside the field.
coil Conductive wire that is rolled around the armature cylinder, which rotates in the magnetic
field produced by the inductor to create an electric current.
brush Conductor that rubs against the commutator plates and transmits the continuous current
produced by the dynamo to an exterior circuit.
Pag 17 din 22
alternator
Generator of alternating current that is used especially in the automobile industry (powering
electrical devices) and in power houses.
frame Metal casing that houses the magnetic field.

shaft Rod that is rotated by the pulley, which in turn causes the claw-pole rotor to rotate.
drive pulley Mechanical unit integrated with the shaft; it is rotated by a belt that is connected to
an engine.
collector rings Insulated conductor collars that are connected to the coil of the field; they
gather the induced alternating electric current.
brushes Conductive parts that rub against the collector rings and transmit the current produced
by the alternator to an outside circuit.
field winding Conductive wire on the cylinder rotor; when exposed to an excitation current, it
creates a magnetic field.
armature core Fixed cylinder with a winding; the rotor turns within it to produce the electric
current.
claw-pole rotor Moving cylindrical part made up of a field winding between two pole shoes; it
creates the rotating magnetic field required to operate the alternator.
armature winding Conductive wire on the armature; the rotor moves in front of it to produce an
alternating current.
fan wheel Device with blades that circulates air to cool the alternator.
Pag 18 din 22
Texte tehnice în limba engleză (traduse orientativ și extins explicativ în
limba română)
Terminal blocks for distributed controls

The terminal blocks feature
Weidmuller’s standard setting,
vibration-proof, and aintenance-free
screw clamp termination. The units
are electrically rated for 600V, 25A,
and 26 to 12 AWG, and have UL and
CSA approvals.
A manufacturer of power
transmission and control signal
products offers a terminal block
series for distributed control system
marshalling applications.
Weidmuller’s WMF 2.5 (Weidmuller
Multi Function) is said to simplify
wiring, reduce required cabinet
space, and expand wire routing and
signal distribution.
Even with alternative technologies
such as wind power, terminal blocks
play a crucial role in marshalling. The blocks provide a connection that ensures a clear
arrangement of electrical circuits and a solution for signal termination in power generation
industries.
The series has a 5-mm width, and includes functions such as feed-through, fusing, and quick
disconnects. The terminals include shielded or grounded connections, as well as three separate
channels for parallel and series jumpering. It can also terminate each signal with a screw
connection and offers the option to use a pre-assembled cable that features Weidmuller’s
pluggable BLZ connectors. These can plug directly into a bank of terminal blocks, creating a
“plug-and-play” option that reduces wiring time.
The terminal-block series includes clearly identified, black fuse terminals equipped with a pivoting
fuse holder. This feature allows quick and easy fuse replacement because the holder rotates
upward, avoiding interference with adjacent terminals. The manufacturer says the 5-mm wide
fuse terminal saves more space than existing fuse terminals of comparable electrical function. An
optional LED status indicator tells when the fuse needs replacing. The LED circuit allows minimal
leakage current (<0.5 mA) when a fuse is blown, eliminating potential for false status indication to
the PLC or DCS.
Pag 19 din 22
Blocurile de cleme terminale (șir de cleme de panou) sunt caracterizate de standardul calitativ al
produselor Weidmuller, pentru clemele cu șurub și anume: sunt rezistente la vibrații, și nu
necesită întreținere. Clemele individuale sunt dimensionate electric pentru tensiuni de 600V, și
intensități de curent de 25A, și pot asigura conectarea conductorilor de dimensiuni 26÷12 AWG
(codul american), adică de la 0,129 mm2 la
3,31 mm2și au aprobări certificări UL și CSA.
1.
2. UL stands for Underwriters Laboratories,
an organization that has been around for more
than 100 years. If you visit the UL Web site at
www.ul.com, you can find the following
description: "UL is a world leader in product
safety testing and certification
3.
4. CSA International (formerly the Canadian
Standards Association) has been developing
standards and testing and certifying products to meet
standards. And while safety is a key concern, CSA
standards also cover other things like important
aspects of product performance. It's a popular
misconception that the CSA mark is a guarantee of
safety. Next time you see the mark on a product, this
is what you should know: A product bearing the CSA
mark tells users it has been tested under a formal
process and that it meets the safety and/or performance requirements of applicable standards.
Pag 20 din 22
Un producător de echipamente / aparate/ produse pentru transmisia puterii electrice (circuite de
forță) și a semnalelor electrice de comandă / control (circuite de comandă și de semnalizare)
oferă o serie de blocuri terminale (cleme de șir) pentru aplicații cu sisteme de control distribuite
cu puncte control ( triaj al rutelor de cabluri).
Sistemul bloc de cleme ”WMF Weidmuller de 2,5 (Weidmuller Multifuncțional)”, este destinat
pentru a simplifica cablareai, pentru a reduce spațiul necesar conexiunilor / joncțiunilor de
conductoare din interiorul tabloului / panoului electric, și pentru a oferi o extindere comodă și
sigură a circuitelor / rutelor conductoarelor electrice și a distribuției de semnal (electric).
Chiar și în cazul tehnologiilor alternative, cum ar fi energia eoliană, blocurile terminale (șirurilr
de cleme) joacă un rol crucial în triajul rutelor de conductoare.
Șirurile de cleme trebuiesc considerate ca zonele de triaj dintr-o gară unde se despart, se
unesc, se multiplică, se întorc diferitele căi pe care pot circula trenurile . ”Trenurile” sunt
semnalele electrice de comandă.
Blocurile de cleme oferă conexiunea conductoarelor din circuitele electrice care asigură un
aranjament clar al circuitelor electrice și o soluție de identificare a punctelor terminus pentru
semnalele electrice care circulă în sistemele de comandă în instalațiile electrice de comandă din
industria de producere a energiei (electrice).
Seria de blocuri de cleme are o lățime de 5 mm, și include funcții precum deconectarea rapidă
contact de trecere, siguranță fuzibilă. Blocurile de cleme includ cleme pentru conexiuni de
continuitte a circuitelor de ecranare sau de pământare, precum și trei canale separate pentru
șuntare paralel și serie. Se poate realiza, de asemenea, un punct terminal pentru fiecare semnal
cu o conexiune prin șurub (se crează o ”priză” tip ”mamă” cu multe fire – grup de cleme terminale
- ) și oferă opțiunea de a utiliza un cablu pre-asamblat care dispune de conectori (tip ”tată”) ce
pot fi introduși direct în ”priza mamă” (conectabilitate tip Weidmuller lui BLZ). Acest mod de
conectare directă la un grup de cleme terminale crează o opțiune "plug-and-play", care reduce
timpul de cablare.
Seria de blocuri terminale (șir de cleme) include în mod clar identificate, terminale (cleme) de
siguranțe negre echipate cu un suport pivotant pentru siguranța fuzibilă. Această caracteristică
permite înlocuirea rapidă și ușoară a siguranței deoarece suportul se rotește în sus, evitându-se
astfel interacțiunea cu terminalele (clemele) adiacente. Producătorul ne asigură că terminalul
negru (clema) de 5-mm lățime care conține siguranța fuzibilă economisește mai mult spațiu decât
orice alt terminal (clemă) cu siguranțe fuzibile existent pe piață care asigură aceeași funcți
electrică comparabilă. Un indicator de stare cu LED-uri, opțional, ne ”spune” când siguranța are
nevoie de înlocuire. Circuitul cu LED-uri permite scurgere de curent minim (<0,5 mA), atunci când
o siguranță este arsă, eliminând semnalizarea stării potențial false la PLC sau DCS.
Pag 21 din 22
Find the cable protection product that best suits your needs
Running cords and cables across floors and open space is
a dangerous game if you don't employ some degree of
cable protection.
Cord covers are the go-to solution for this problem, and we
stock everything from light capacity covers for personal use
to heavy duty, high visibility covers that can withstand
vehicle traffic on your jobsite.
There are many other examples available for a variety of
specialized applications, including fabric cord covers, and
extension cords that offer both cable protection and built-in
power and data connections.
Most forms of cable protection aren't just to keep the cables themselves safe, but also the people
who may come into contact with them by minimizing the trip hazard caused by exposed wiring on
the ground. Some items go even further in the pursuit of safety, such as our low-profile ADA
compliant handicap ramps that provide safe access for those in wheelchairs.
Traducere / interpretare în limba română
Găsiți ”produsul” / modelul de protecție a cablului, care se potriveste cel mai bine
nevoilor dumneavoastră
”Pozarea” / ”întinderea” firelor și cablurilor electrice pe podele și pe jos în spații deschise este un
joc periculos, dacă nu se va folosi un anumit grad de protecție pentru cablu.
Capacele de acoperire / protejare a cablurilor întinse pe jos sunt soluția la care trebuie apelat
(soluția la care trebuie să te duci) pentru această problemă, și noi avem în stoc totul pentru
problema asta, de la capace pentru sarcină ușoară bune pentru uz personal, până la capace
pentru sarcini grele, de mare vizibilitate care pot rezista la traficul vehiculelor peste ele la locația
unde dumneavoastră le veți utiliza.
Există multe alte exemple disponibile pentru o varietate de aplicații specializate, inclusiv capace
de acoperire cabluri din textile (de exemplu asemănătoare cu covorul sau mocheta dvs.), și
capace prelungitoare, care oferă atât de protecție cât și conexiuni încorporate pentru cablu de
alimentare și conexiuni pentru cabluri de date.
Cele mai multe forme ale capacelor de protecție pentru cabluri întinse pe jos nu sunt doar pentru
a proteja / menține cablurile în condiții de siguranță, dar, de asemenea, pentru a proteja
persoanele care pot intra în contact cu cablurile, prin minimizarea pericolului de împiedicare /
cădere cauzate de cabluri întinse pe jos. Unele modele de capace merg chiar mai departe în
urmărirea realizării siguranței, cum ar modelul nostru de capac aplatizat ADA conform cu
cerințele pentru rampele destinate deplasări persoanelor cu handicap care oferă acces în
condiții de siguranță pentru cei în scaune cu rotile
Pag 22 din 22

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MODULUL 4 - OPȚIONAL

Noțiuni elementare de limbă engleză

Cod COR: 713701

Vocabular în limba engleză (învățați din imagini !) Pag.03

Texte tehnice în limba engleză (traduse orientativ în limba română) Pag.19

fluorescent tube [1]

fuse cutout Unit that consists of a fuse and a fuse holder.

medium-tension distribution line

contact devices [3]

frame Metal casing that houses the magnetic field.

Terminal blocks for distributed controls

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