Exist: mai multe modalit:;i prin care putem încerca s: facem fa;: problemelor <i emo;iilor

negative. Alegerea strategiilor de coping nu depinde numai de scopurile pe care le

urm:re<te o
persoan: ce se confrunt: cu o situa;ie de stres – cum ar fi eliminarea problemei sau
diminuarea
suferin;ei psihologice - , ci <i de alte elemente, cum ar fi vîrsta. Studii efectuate recent
asupra
68
adolescen;ilor au sugerat existen;a <i utilizarea a 4 tipuri de coping, spre deosebire de
cele dou: în
cazul adul;ilor:
• coping activ,
• coping prin evitare,
• coping centrat pe emo5ie <i
• acceptarea sau resemnarea.
Coping-ul activ include ac;iunile directe de rezolvare sau eliminare a
problemei.
Coping-ul prin evitare se manifest: ca tendin;: de aevita confruntarea realit:;ii <i
încercarea de
a evada din ea, consumînd alcool <i droguri.
Coping-ul centrat pe emo5ie, în cazul adolescen;ilor, implic: eliberarea st:rilor afective
(prin
plîns, de exemplu) <i apelarea la sprijinul social, întru atenuarea suferin;ei.
Ultima form: de coping, acceptarea sau resemnarea, se manifest: prin scoaterea
psihologic: a sinelui din situa;ia problematic:, redefinirea cognitiv: a situa;iei sau
evenimentului <i
acceptarea lui a<a cum este [16]. E de mentionat faptul c: în lista tipurilor de coping la
adolescen;i
se mai reg:sesc copingul centrat pe problem4 sau copingul activ <i cel centrat pe
emo5ie. Aceste
dou: forme de coping constitue respectiv baza mecanismelor pe care le aplic: o
persoan: într-o
situa;ie de stres, indiferent de vîrst: sau sex. În acest sens, merit: s: amintim c: o serie
de studii
efectuate de S.Folkman <i R.S.Lazarus au ar:tat c: 98% de b:rba;i <i femei de vîrst:
medie
apeleaz: la ambele forme de coping în cazul situa;iilor de stres [17], chiar dac: ace<ti
cercetatori
afirm: c: strategiile coping-ului centrat pe problem: tind s: predomine atunci cînd situa;ia
stresant:
este rezolvabil:, iar coping-ul centrat pe emo;ie predomin: atunci cînd stresorul e
perceput ca fiind
o situa;ie ce trebuie asumat: [18].
4. Concluzii rematice. Vom constata, în final, c: strategiile de control sau de coping
(obiect
al cercet:rii nostre în derulare) se multiplic:, se diversific: în func;ie de natura stresorului,
or este
evident faptul c: reac;iile indivizilor stresa;i (diferi;i ca temperament, personalitate, stare
somatic:,
cultur: etc.) pot fi diverite la acelea<i mecanisme <i strategii: de la reac;ii poztive,
destresa(n)te,
pîn: la reac;ii negative, agresive chiar, de accentuare a stresului.
Summary
Most researchers agree that there are two general types of coping: problem-focused coping and
emotion-focused coping. Problem-focused coping aims the stressor and involves direct actions
to combat or
alleviate the stressful circumstances. Emotion-focused coping regulates the emotional
consequences of
stressful or potentially stressful events.
Although research has proven that people use both types of coping, usually one type tends to
prevail
over the other depending on the age, sex, type of stressful situation.
69
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Objective: Trait emotional intelligence has recently emerged as a negative predictor of work-related
distress. However, research that considers the mechanisms underlying the relationship between trait
emotional intelligence and distress is lacking, in particular among workers with emotionally intensive
occupations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating pathway of coping behaviors in the
relations between trait emotional intelligence, and work-related distress outcomes, namely secondary
traumatic stress and job burnout in a sample of refugee resettlement workers. Method: Participants
were 210 resettlement workers from six organizations in the United States who completed a
questionnaire. Questions included self-reported measures of secondary traumatic stress, burnout, trait
emotional intelligence, coping behaviors, and history of trauma. The majority of participants identified
as White (64.9%) and female (73.6%). The average participant was 32.96 years old (SD = 10.22) and was
employed in the same position for 2.64 years (SD = 4.67). Results: Unhealthy coping (e.g., substance use
and denial), emerged as a significant mediator of the relations between trait emotional intelligence and
the outcomes, with 43% and 64% of the total effects for secondary traumatic stress and burnout
mediated. Specifically, trait emotional intelligence negatively related to secondary traumatic stress and
burnout via a reduction in unhealthy coping behaviors, rather than an increase in healthy coping ones.
Conclusions: Training programs promoting the psychological well-being of employees often focus on the
promotion of healthy coping practices. These results suggest the potential value of including trait
emotional intelligence training in the development of such programs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c)
2018 APA, all rights reserved)

Espinosa, Adriana; Akinsulure-Smith, Adeyinka M.; & Chu, Tracy

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, Vol 11(1), Jan 2019, 28-34

http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/tra0000377