Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Carmen Petcu
2016
tumoră malignă de origine melanocitară
poate surveni oriunde pe piele sau mucoase (orală, nazală,
conjunctivală, genitală)
cu evoluţie severă şi risc letal crescut prin metastazare
precoce
alte localizări primitive posibile: retina, SNC(leptomeninge),
tractul GI si mucoase, fara punct de plecare precizat.
pot sa apara pe un nev melanocitic (comun, congenital sau
displazic)
cel mai frecv apar de novo (si nu pe o leziune preexistenta)
.
Epidemiologie
incidenta variaza :
de asemenea, melanomul este mai frecvent la persoane cu nevi pigmentari atipici multipli;
transformarea malignă a nevilor pigmentari poate fi precipitată de traumatismele mecanice, chimice,
fotonice
1. Nevi congenitali
2. Lentigo malign
3. Nevi secundari (Acquired nevus): Any melanocytic nevus that is not a congenital nevus or
not present at birth or near birth. This includes junctional, compound and intradermal
nevus
a. Junctional nevus: the nevus cells are located along the junction of the
epidermis and the underlying dermis.
Intradermal nevus: the nevus cells are located in the dermis only. Intradermal nevi
are raised; most are flesh-colored (not pigmented)
NEVI CONGENITALI
Lentigo maligna
Invasive melanoma is reported to arise within lentigo maligna in 3-10% of cases. It may be difficult to determine whether this has occurred just
from the appearance, but the following features are very suspicious.
Thickening of part of the lesion
Increasing number of colours, especially blue or black
Ulceration or bleeding
Itching or stinging
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Tipuri
cu diseminare superficiala
lentigo malign
acrolentiginos
nodular
altele
Diagnostic
Leziuni suspecte-regula ABCD:
A(asimmetry)- ASIMETRIE
optional: NRAS,c-Kit
Raport HP:
grosime mm(Breslow)
tumori satelite
ganglioni regionali
metastaze in tranzit
metastaze sistemice
1 cm - tumorile grosime(Breslow)pana la 2
mm
imbunatatit SFB si SG
3. IMUNOTERAPIA ADJUVANTA:
studii clinice
4. RADIOTERAPIA:
pt control local
R1
Boala loco-regionala
Metastaze gangliare loco-regionale izolate:
Excizie chirurgicala
Ac anti PD-L1-Nivolumab
Vemurafenib/Dabrafenib
3. INHIBITORI c-Kit:
6. RT paliativa:M1BRA,OSS
I LINIE:
Ipilimumab
Vemurafenib
Nivolumab
II LINIE:
Ipilimumab
Nivolumab
Metastaze la distanta
Localizarea metastazelor
Cutanate
Tesut subcutanat
Ganglionare la distanta
Pulmonare
Hepatice
Cerebrale
Osoase
Tract digestiv-intestin subtire
Tratamentul metastazelor la
distanta
Noduli cutanati solitari/ Ggl la distanta-excizie
Cerebrale si GI –excizie(paliatie)
Limfodisectia electiva
Tardive:
Limfedem
Biopsia ggl santinela
Limfadenectomia ggl santinela
Morton: introdus la pacientii cu melanom pt
Stadiul I -1992
Injectarea intradermica(colorant vital albastru)-
lymphatic mapping
Drenajul limfatic al tumorii primare-in ggl limfatici
specifici din aria limfatica regionala.
Ggl santinele= primul ggl al acestei arii limfatice
regionale.
Ggl santinela= statusul ggl regionali
morbidity
Gives a specimen to pathologist to examine in
detail
Provides psychological support
Less costly
Echipa multidisciplinara
Chirurgie
Medina Nucleara
Anatomopatologie
Oncologie
Efecte secundare
CT/ PET-CT
Preventie
preventia expunerii la UV
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