Capitolul 13

GHID DE INTERPRETARE
A UNOR ANALIZE
DE SÂNGE

13.•. DETERMINARI HEMATOLOGICE

Analiza 1-3%
54-62%
3-5%
ra
leucemii
Valori
25-33%Debutul
Scade
Stari
Carenta
Creste
Infectii bolilor
4.500-1O-eXX)fmm3
normale
0-0,75%
TBC lacortico-
Infectii, debut,
virale
tumori,
intoxicatii,
infectioase,
teriene,
dupaalergice,
terapie de
grave, intoxicatii,
scar-
si
postcorticoterapie
colagenoze, bac-
parazitoze,
pro-
para-
into- xicatii
bo~la Hodgkin,
ofile
cronica
leucocit
mie
convul- de
Hodgkin,
i,
tii teine,
tumori,
leucemie
unele
mal arie
forme
si de
 288 E bine sa stii!
-42-52%
Analiza 11,2-16,5
3-7%
3-10
6-12Valori
5normale
35-49%
49-54%
37-48%
150-350
4,2- cardiaca
mrn/l
mrn/l mii!mm3
Anemii
Reumatism
cancer
Scade
4,6-6,2
4,5-5,lmillmm3 ora
de
oraprostII/il,
arti-
evo- anemll fOrnll\ lil'Anemii
Mononucleoza
anumite
Creste
ca,
roza, Hemodilulii,
insuficienl.i1
talasemie,
linemii,
0,2-2%
Anemii
,2millmm3
Hepatita
TBC,
grava,
mg%
septicemie,
Poliglobulii
stari lupus,
g/dl cancer
hemolitice,
mil/mm3
g/dlpolicitemic,
Anemii epidl'1I1i
Insuficienti.l
tica
16,5-19,5
12-16
13-18Iutiv,
250-450 infarct,
apla~l
sarcina,
leptospi-
alergicc, Hemoconcentratii
jCl'Infectii,
lellcellIII,
hepll disglobu-
Coagulare intraV/lN
eticulocite
aec.I.D.)
cuiunei
ara anemii
dedisemilllllll,
cardita, bmcelm:n.
infectioasa,
leucemii,
trombocitopclllrll
de
faza pancreaspaludi~1I1
endo
purplll'li
regenerare
 Ghid de interpretare 289

Analiza 50nogenemie,
sec.-1min.
cuta
Valori de
hemosideroza
12-14
saumin.
5-15 sec.
normale
Scadeutilizare
Medicatie
Hemofilie,
hemolitice,
K,
50-150icter
Anemia
anemii
hepatite,
afectare
Creste
Anemii
Aport, C.I.D.,
20cres-
vitamina
antico-
simecanic,
Biermer,
f.lg/dlictere agulanta, deficiente
hipofibri-
hepatica
posthemo-
absorbtie hipofibrinogenemie,
rive,avi- anticoagulantecu
sau
tumori
ea de
facto-
ulburari
larii tratamentul
C.I.D.

13.2. DETERMINARI BIOCHIMICE DIN SÂNGE

Analiza 5-35
Valori
7-40 D/I miocardic,
normale
Scade
Creste
Infarct
Hepatite infarct infarcte
virale, ciroze, miocardic,
infarcte
hepatite virale,pul-
creas
litiaza
necroze
carcinom
monare de
pulmonare coledoc,
musculare,
sidede
renale,
sipancreas
renale,
pan-
 290 E bine sa stii!
Analiza
0,1-0,4 Valori
normale
subScade
Coma
Acidoza
Alcaloze
tom,10mg/dl
25-125
Acidoze
torie,
Pancreatita
Creste
Guta,
taminoza
22-26
11-35
mielom
Cancer diabeticli
VI/ml
zaharatVII
nemte,metaboli-
din
dezech
Hipervitaminoza
Glicogenoze, din
D,
Hipoparatiroidic,
hitism
Alcaloza
Insuficienta
3,5-5,5obezitate,
4,5-19,8
0,3-1,1
190-420
Diabet
Icter
0,2-0,7 mg/dl
2,3-8;5
4,5-5,5
8-25
mg/dl mecanic
mEq/1
J..ImolJl
multiplu,
hepatic,
grav,
g/dl
mg/dl
prin respira-
mg/dl
zaharat,
mEq/l IlIII Hepatite
tumori
varsaturi
dilllwl
metabolicl\,
acuta, iD,
leucemii
tellllll(\
hi[loyl
glico-
prin
renlllK
hemoliza:tu-
hiper-genoze, testiculare
le intense
acute ~i
alcoolism,
ase calculi
acidoza
tumori,
alcoolism,
brat,
tiroidie,
fistule sau
renala
medicamentoase
stres,uremica,
cronice,
boli
sindrom
nala sarcina tumori
infectioase,
hepatite, malnut:ritiu,
nefrotic,
ciroza
dillll'l\
IirI'
intoxicatii
cirozil
insuficienlllll'
pancrca
feocromoci-
gastro-enteropal il,
 Ghid de interpretare 291

Analiza68-76%96-106 hepatite
Valori
din
Diabet,total
Cancerul
normale
Boli
Scade
30-170
20-90 renale
U/I
Insolatie,
2,25-7,0
Nefroza,
Creste
150-200
oase
70-155
Boli
Boala
0,6-1,2 U/i
alcoolism,
ciroza,
Forme
Ciroze,
monie,
Infarct grave,sub
de
obezi
UliI
de
mg/dl
Degenerescenta
0,11-0,60
maligna, U/i
I1g/ml
mEq/1
renale,
Paget,
mg/dl acute,
tate,
varsaturi,
metastaze
cancer
boli
mixe-
leucemie,
infecti-
de
endocardita
miocardic,distrofii
pneu-
hipertiroidie
guta, si trauma-
hiperparatiroidism,
me
abet
ere cronica
cromce
boli hepatice,miozite
tomiozite,
diaree,
infectii
tisme insuficienta
musculare,
acute
osteomalacie,
colestaza,
tumori
suprarenaliana
hepatice,
proteinelor
alimentatie
ragii
xicatii
(boala hemo-
osoase,
cerebrale,
cu
polimiozite, lipsasau
rahitism,
din
Wilson),
somnifere
hepato-lenticulara
prostata into-
derma-
hepatice
 292 E bine sa stii!
Analiza Diferite
normale
Valori
100-190
1-60Scade
Ciroza
Sindrom
VII
naliana,
Hepatite
Hepatita forme
tulburari
VII
biliara,
Acromegalie,
crestere
Creste
dupa de depresive,
demari
nefrotic, tratament
icter
tiroidian~,
cronica,
acute,
Insuficienta
hipofizara,
doze gigan-
cortico-suprare-
hepatica grava,
Hiperparatiroidii, cu anti-
Ateroscleroza,
70-115
2,6-4,5
450-850
6-12
30-80 mg/dl
mg/dl
mg/dl
mg/dl hepatite
infarct
ciroza, tumori,
toxice,
pulmonar,
pancreatita,
ebrale
mori,
i,nte
ita- ciroza
oxid de antidiabeticc
infarct
arterita
mecanic,
nefrotic,
acuta,
unele
icter
diabet,
ciroza biliara
miocardic
mixedem,
diabet
sindrom
anemii,
hipoparatiroidii
tumori
harat, maligne
hipercolesterolemie
mecanic, za-
hiperlipemie,
pancreatita
hipercorticism,
hepatica,
 Ghid de interpretare 293
Analiza 9-15%7-14%ACiroze
Infarct
reumatism
0,2-0,4
3,5-5 tetanie
Valori
terosc1miocardic
Deshidratare,
11-21%
2-5% cromce
normale
tratament
Nefroza
Varsaturi,
insuficienta
Stari
hepatite,
Colagenoze,
Creste eroza,
demEq/
Hipertiroidie,
insuficiente
Scade
Hemoconcentratii,
g/dl
denutritie,
stari
g/dl de cu cor- Clroze
articular
insu-
lipoidica,
soc,
ciroze,
tico-suprarenala
Diaree,
Rahitism,
mixedem,
renale, diaree,
arsuri,
varsaturi,
soc,nefroza,
ciroza,
boli
hemo- Nefroza lipoidica,
0,5-0,9
0,6-1,1
0,7-1,7
3,5-5,0
boala
60-180
1,5-2,5
6-8 g/dl
g/dl
ragii,
Hemodilutii,
g/dl
tumori
1,2-1,5
136-145 mEq/1
Cushing,
mg/dl
intoxicatii
suprarenale,
mEq/l
2bulina
oze
bet
saturi,
mielom
ne,
infarct,
dian,
rdiaca,
nala
cor- cortizon
Sodiu
dez- inflamatii
nefrita
de infectii,
tite
acut, ictere
infectioase
infarct miocardic,
TBC, hepa-
 294 E bine sa stii!
Analiza hepatice
cancer
BoIi renale
unele
normale
Valori
Scade forme
Afectiuni
Infectii
21-43
Sarcina,
40-150 mg/dl acute
de
cronice,
hipertiroidie,
Creste hiper-
mg/dl
otic
iala,

13.3. DETERMINARI HORMONALE DIN SÂNGE

Analiza 0-28
0-20
3-10
5-30
3-15
6-23
0-10 corticoterapie
viriIism
Tumori
normale
Valori
Scade
Boala
ng/dl
pg/ml
70-1700
0-140
0-306-76 ng/dl
neuroblastom
pg/ml
pg/ml
pg/ml
pg/ml
Creste corticosu-
Addison,
Addisson,
insuficienta
prarenaIiene,
mo-hipofizare,
ficiente
Jlg/dl hipotala-Cancer
insu
Sindrom medular,
Feocromocitom,
tumori Conn,
bronsice,
cardiaca,
feocromocitom,
tumori
insuficienta
boli
Boala ciroza,
carcinoide,
hepatice,
Cushing,stres hipofizara
Boala Cushing,
diuretice
imice, tratament
ana bronsice culaxative
 Ghid de interpretare 295

Analiza 5-22
40-250
de
4-25
4-30
6-18
peste
sub
10-60VI/l
ori
UI/l
Scade
0,45
ree,
Adenom 30UliI
3ovariana
Tetanie
testiculara
sub Cicluri
anterioara
Insulinom
Diabet
Pubertate
anovulatorii
fizara:
mintala
cicluri
normale
Valori
ziata,bazal
15-20
pg/ml
insuficienta
0-10
Adenom
0,9-3,04
0,02-0,8
0,2-1,8
8-18
5-25 nanism
UliI
VI/l
Insuficienta
nglml
Hiperplazie
hipofizar,
si zaharat
anovula-
întâr-
infantilism
anoreXle
!lg/l
talamo-hipofizara,
!lg/dl
!lU/ml
hipofizara
Creste!lg/l
polichistic
hipofizara,
Hiperfunctie
dica paratiro-
!lg/lhipofizar: luteale
torii,estrogeni
Sarcina,
insuficienta
gona-
ameno-
corti-
ovar
hipotalamo-
primara
hipo-
hipo-
corticosuprarenaiiana ficienta
de
Menopauza,
acromegalie, administrare
tumori
ovariana,
cosuprarenaliana,insu-
gi-
onadi-
emu-
onul
uteal
olicular
ntral,
opauza
minale
m si
hing,
ul pul-
le- dezechilibrat
monar, nefropatii
 296 E bine sa stii!
Analiza 275-875
38-190
23-75
1-20 normale
amenoree,
de
0-7 mU/I
Valori
1,0-2,1bromergocrip-
Scade
Insuficienta
precoce
ng/dl
sindrom
supraalimentatie
galactoree,
virilism,
tina, Turner
hormoni
pubertate
Hipertiroidism,
insuficienta
alcoolism,
tiroidieni,
Creste
ng/ml
ng/dl
ng/dl
1-25 4,4-9,9 ng/dl
Hipotiroidism,
hipotalamo-
hipofizara B6
Hipertiroidism,
Cancer
Dupa
150-250
ng/ml J..lg/dl
prostatic,
administrare
ng/dl intoxicatii
Cancer
tiroidiana
unele Adenom testicular,
primara,
hipofizar,
atice
ale
prin
onul

13.4. DETERMINARIIMUNOLOGICE DIN SÂNGE

hemolitice,
Antigenul medul
Sindroame
Boli
Hepatita are
autoimune:
neoplazice,
hepatita
Cuma
Ciroza acuta,
upus
83-177
15-45 mg/dl I nefrotice,
sub diseminat,
lupus
mg/dl 45-145
60-333 alcoolica,glo-
hepatica,
eritematos
5 ng/ml
550-1.900 acuta
mg/dl aplazii
glomc-Infectii acute, boli
mg/dl
rionar
necro- lo-nefrita
rulonefrita,
ciroza
ielom mielom, autoimuna
pielonefrite,
pielonefrita,
hepatite anemii
biliara,boli
glomeru-
Complement lupus,
cronice
Bibliografie selectiva

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1996.
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6. *** The National Cancer Institute of The National Institutes
of Health. What You Need to Know about Cancer
Series: Melanoma. October 21, 1998.
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Prisma, Tg. Mures, 1999, 382-397.
300 E bine sa stii!

41. Vogin G.D., Heartburn Basics, Cleveland Clinic Procedures,

2002.
42. Vogin G.D., A Guide to Diabetes Warning Signs, WebMed,
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