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Documente Cultură
Dimensionarea serpentine
unui cuptor de piroliz a
benzinei.
CUPRINS
1. OBIECTIVE:
Stabilirea numrului de serpentine n paralel;
Dimensionarea serpentinei: determinarea lunigimii acesteia n ZC, ZR;
numr coturi;
bilanuri masice, termice pe serpentin;
determinarea parametrilor de funcionare (presiune, temperatur) de-a
lungul serpentinei;
estimare VV (LHSV, h-1) i a timpului total de staionare n zona de
reacie.
%Vol. distilat
0
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
95
100
Temperatura,
60
69
75
85
92
100
108
116
124
134
144
151
160
180
160
Temperatura,
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
%Vol. distilat
Densitate (relativ): d
,74
79 62
Component
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Hidrogen
Metan
Acetilen
Eten
Etan
Propen
Propan
C4
(C3H4; C4H4; 1-C4H6; 1,2-, 1,3-C4H6)
Butene
(1-C4; cis-, trans-2-C4; i-C4)
Butan (n+i)
Benzin
Combustibil lichid greu
9
10
11
12
H2
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
C3H8
C4H5
Compoziie,
%mas
0,50
5,20
0,40
25,00
4,10
18,40
2,60
7,70
Masmola
r
2,016
16,043
26,038
28,054
30,070
42,081
44,097
53,084
C4H8
7,40
56,108
C4H10
-
4,70
16,00 (xcf)
8,00
58,123
(MP)
250
3) Caracterisitici constructive
Dimensiuni tuburi:
Diametru interior
Diametru exterior
Lungime
di = 80 mm
de = 100 mm
Lu = 8 m
4) Cinetic
Se admite o cinetic aparent (global) de ordin I pentru piroliza benzinei:
k C
Unde: R viteza de reacie,
;
Cbz cencentraie materie prim (benzin),
Ecuaia cinetic se poate scrie sub form integrat:
ln (
) k , sau xc 1 e
Unde: xc conversia benzinei;
timp, s;
k constanta de vitez, s-1;
Respect o dependen Arrhenius de temperatura, cu:
5
1,778 1
; Ea
21 , 3
INSTALAIA DE PIROLIZ
Schema unei instalaii de piroliz a benzinei,redus la parile component eseniale,este
redat in figura urmtoare ,distingndu-se secia cald i secia rece a instalaiei.
Fig. Schema de principiu,redus a unei instalaii tipice de piroliz,cu indicarea seciei calde
i reci.
1-cuptor
2-generator de abur
3-coloan de fracionare
4-compresor
5-secie de fracionare
Variaia densitii, L, kg/m3, a unei fraciuni petroliere sau a unui iei n faz lichid cu
temperatura poate fi estimat cu funcia:
t 2
(d , t) d
(1
)
2,29 6,34 d
5,965 (d )
Nr. Crt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
(d , t
Temperatura,
60
75
92
108
124
144
160
%Vol.distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
)
,74
(1
(d , t
,74
(1
(d , t
,74
(1
(d , t
,74
(1
(d , t
,74
(1
(d , t
,74
(1
(d , t
,74
(1
2,29
Temperatura, K
333,15
348,15
365,15
381,15
397,15
417,15
433,15
6,34
2,29
6,34
2,29
6,34
2,29
6,34
2,29
6,34
2,29
6,34
2,29
6,34
9
6
2
)
,74
5,965 ,74
75 2
)
,74
5,965 ,74
92 2
)
,74
5,965 ,74
1 8 2
)
,74
5,965 ,74
124 2
)
,74
5,965 ,74
144 2
)
,74
5,965 ,74
16
2
)
,74
5,965 ,74
7 5,774 kg m
692,939kg m
678,393 k m
664,7 2 k m
651, 12 k m
633,899 k m
62 ,2 8 k m
720
700
L, kg/m3
680
660
640
620
600
50
70
90
110
130
150
170
Temperatura,
Panta: pa
75
tmVf
tmMf
92
tmVf
pa
,8625
1 8 124 144
5
,3161379 e
1 8,6
tm f
tmVf
1 8,6
,3161379 e
2,599348 1
1 8,6 2,599348 1
11 ,635
)
(
, )
( ,
10
) )
)
(
, )
( ,
) )
,367
tmCf
tmVf
,4388152 e
1 8,6
,4388152 e
1 6,518
tmMef
tmVf
,2161448 e
tmMf
tmCf
, )
1 6,518
)
(
( ,
,367
1 8,6
,2161448 e
1 3,4 3
tmMef
, )
( ,
) )
1 3,443
273,15)]
,
,
11,791
,
,
, TmMef)
42,9654 TmMef
,
e( ,
42,9654 376,593 ,
,
,
e( ,
TmMef
tmMef
273,15
1 3,443
(d
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
( ,745)
,
273,15
,
,
1 2,481
376,593
Astfel, relaia se poate utilize pentru TmMef cuprins ntre 305 K i 838 K (32-565 ),
d ,, ntre 0,63i 0,97i Mm = 70 700, cu o eroare de max. cca 7%.
11
3.5.Raport
Raportul masic din molecula medie de hidrocarbur se poate determina cu relaia:
Rw
e(
8,7743 1
(d
,
,
,
,
,
,
Tb
)
,
,
,
,
,
,
8,7743 1
e( ,
,
,
( ,745)
381,15
5,581
Tb t
273,15 1 8 273,15 381,15
Cunoscnd raportul masic , raportul dintre numrul de atomi de H icel de C poate fi calculat cu
relaia:
Ra
A
A
1
Rw
12, 11
1
1, 8 5,581
2,135
%Vol.
distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
Ai
Bi
Ci
2,9747
1,4459
0,8506
3,2680
8,2873
10,6266
7,9952
0,8466
0,9511
1,0315
0,8274
0,6871
0,6529
0,6949
0,4209
0,1287
0,0817
0,6214
0,9340
1,1025
1,0737
12
Domeniu de temperatur
(ASTM),
10 265
60 320
90 340
110 355
130 400
160 520
190 430
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
2,9747
1,4459
,85 6
3,268
8,2873
1 ,6266
7,9952
%Vol.
distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
(6
273,15) ,
(75 273,15) ,
(92 273,15) ,
(1 8 273,15) ,
(124 273,15) ,
(144 273,15)
(16
273,15) ,
,745 ,
,745 ,
,745 ,
,745 ,
,745 ,
,745
,745 ,
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea atmosferic, K
359,170
364,955
365,149
371,911
384,369
394,671
396,062
359,17
364,955
365,149
371,911
384,369
394,671
396, 62
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea atmosferic,
86,02
91,805
91,999
98,761
111,219
121,521
122,912
140
120
Temperautra,
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
%Volum
13
80
90
100
Tf
3,2 41 (1
1393
1
Presiunea: p
Tf
Tf
Tf
Tf
Tf
Tf
Tf
( , )
,
( , )
,
( , )
,
( , )
,
( , )
,
,
,
( , )
,
( , )
,
,
,
( , )
,
( , )
1393
( , )
,
( , )
1393
1393
1
1)
,
( , )
1393
1
1)
( , )
(
(
1393
1
,
( )
1393
1
( )
5,3 bar
1393
1
Tnf 41 1393 Tf
)
Tf 41 1393 Tnf
,998
,
( , )
,
1)
1)
439,471
453,445
464,949
466,498
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
1)
1)
431,857
1)
1)
1)
1)
431,638
1)
1)
1)
1)
425,1 8
1)
1)
,
,
,
,
14
%Volum
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,3 bar, K
425,108
431,638
431,857
439,471
453,445
464,949
466,498
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,3 bar,
151,958
158,488
158,707
166,321
180,295
191,799
193,348
200
180
Temperatura,
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%Volum
3.8.Vscoziti
Vscozitatea cinematic, L, m2/s, a unei fraciuni petroliere lichide la diferite temperaturi
t, , se poate exprima cu relaia:
(d
,
,
, t)
1 1,766
(d
,
,
29,263]
,
,
xv(d
, ,
,
Unde:
,
xv(d ,, , ) e* ,
Relaie valabil pentru:
(
d ,, ) 1 ,74 (11,791
,
,
) +
,745)
xv(d
1 ,74
15
,
,
8,784
812,344
1 ,74 ( )
(d
,
,
,t
3,198
(d
,
,
,t
)
3,1 6
(d
,
,
,t
)
3,1 3
(d
,
,
,t
)
3,
(d
,
,
,t
4
)
2,837
(d
,
,
,t
)
2,714
(d
,
,
,t
)
2,698
1 1,766
( ,745 11,791) ,
1
m s
1 1,766
[
( ,745 11,791) ,
1
m s
1 1,766
[
( ,745 11,791) ,
1
m s
1 1,766
[
( ,745 11,791) ,
1
m s
1 1,766
[
( ,745 11,791) ,
1
m s
1 1,766
[
( ,745 11,791) ,
1
m s
1 1,766
[
( ,745 11,791) ,
1
m s
29,263]
29,263]
29,263]
29,263]
29,263]
29,263]
11,791
e
812,344
,
,
11,791
e
812,344
11,791
e
812,344
11,791
e
812,344
11,791
e
812,344
11,791
e
812,344
29,263]
11,791
e
812,344
,
,
Metoda permite determinarea vscozitii cinematice, cSt, a unei fraciuni petroliere lichide pe
baza t50% vol. distilate:
e(
(91,83 Tb
Unde: A
29,263)
,
e ,
Tb este temperatura, K, la 50% vol. distilate.
Tb 439,471
e
A
(91,83 439,471
A
e(
, 25
1128,47
11,791
29,263)
1128,47
e
A
,325 cSt
16
, 25
1
ra
kg
h
kg
h
15
,6
kg abur
kg mp
kg
h
p
p
,
,
, t)
[(2,964 1,332 d ,, ) t
( , 538
,3544)
Cu originea IL=0 pentru lichid la 0
I (d
,
,
( ,
3 74
1154 d
,
,
) t ]
,t )
[(2,964 1,332
( , 538 11,791
( , 3 74
,745) 1
,3544) 216,842 kjkg
17
1154
,745) 1
I (d
,
,
,t
)
[(2,964 1,332 ,745) 151,958 ( , 3 74
, 1154
151,958 ] ( , 538 11,791
,3544) 346,795 k kg
(h
d
15
(346,795 216,842)
,1 7962
,745)
7,793 m
w
2
(d , t )
,74
(1
2,29
671,547 kg m
(d , t
,74
(1
2,29
627, 89 kg m
671,547
2
w
p
6,34
1
,74
151,958 2
)
6,34 ,74
5,965 ( ,74 )
627, 89
649,318 kgm
2
4
36
36
4
36
36
,123
2
L
d
,132
2
w
2
, 366
2
)
5,965 ( ,74 )
36
4 15
( , 8)
4 15
( , 8)
627, 89
671,547
,123 ms
,132 ms
,1275 ms
7,793 649,318 ,1275
, 8
2
18
18,816 Pa
Re
Re
t
t
1
151,958
t
t
2
t
(d
,
,
151,958
2
125,979
1 1,766
( ,745 11,791)
3,621 1
m s
,t
Re
, 8 ,1275
3,621 1
d
29,263]
28169, 14
7962
23
,1 7,793
11,791
e
812,344
,
,
1,949 1
k h
18,816 Pa
p
p
d L
,
,
I (d
,t
1,882 1
bar
5,5 1,882 1
(
h )
5,499 bar
)
[(2,964 1,332 ,745) 151,958 ( , 3 74
, 1154
151,958 ] ( , 538 11,791
,3544) 346,795 k kg
Pentru fraciuni petroliere vapori, entalpia specific, kJ/kg, se poate calcula cu relaia:
I (d
,
,
, t)
532,17 21 ,61 d ,,
(1,8213
,45638 d ,, ) t
(4,187 t 837)
( , 23447
,
59 37 d ,, ) t
( , 7
,84)
19
,745)
I (d
,
,
,t
)
532,17 21 ,61 ,745 (1,8213
,45638
( , 23447
,
59 37 ,745) 193,348
( , 7 11,791
,84) 733,283 k kg
L
(
h ) 7962
(733,283 346,795) L
15
Numr de coturi:
L
L
w
p
75 d
23,176
(w
L
d
627, 89 kg m
(p
p
M
R T
w
,1 L
23,176 m
n1C=0
n2C=3
75 d
L
n
p
3 75
, 8
41,176 m
2
p ) M
R T
w
2
L
36
(p
R T
p )
R T
+
(p
1
M
1
p )
, 366 41,176 15
36
, 8
1
1 2,481 (5,499 1
*627, 89
8,314 466,498
1
8,314 466,498
[
627, 89 1
1 2,481 (5,499 1
,745) 193,348
(4,187 193,348
28532,5 Pa
p )
p )
,285 bar
4
d
36
M
4 15
,
,
1 2,481
36
, 8
36
20
6,
6 ms
837)
(p
,132
6,
2
p ) M
R T
(5,499
,285) 1 2,481
, 83 466,498
(d
,
,
,t
d
Re
13,8
151,958
13,8
kgm
32 ,444 kgm
151,958
193,348
t
t
2
3, 69 ms
627, 89
t
t
193,348
2
172,653
1 1,766
1
11,791
29,263]
e ,
,
( ,745 11,791)
812,344
2,926 1
m s
w
, 8 3, 69
839 97,74 23
Regim turbulent
2,926 1
7962
,1 23,176
5,797 1
k h
p
d
I (d
I (d
,
,
,
,
L
,t
5,499
(
,285
5,214 bar
)
)
532,17 21 ,61 ,745 (1,8213
,45638
( , 23447
,
59 37 ,745) 193,348
( , 7 11,791
,84) 733,283 k kg
,745) 193,348
(4,187 193,348
,t )
532,17 21 ,61 ,745 (1,8213
,45638 ,745) 65
( , 23447
(4,187 65
,
59 37 ,74) 65
837)
( , 7 11,791
,84) 2116,594 k kg
21
837)
(
(2116,594
15
n
L
L
11 coturi
75 d
L
n
p
75 d
R
36
) 7962
733,283) L
82,954
11 75
p
(
T
1
T
36
M
4 15
,
,
5,214
1 2,481
36
, 8
36
5,214
1 2,481
, 83 466,498
R T
193,348
65
t
t
2
193,348
2
65
421,674
6,
, T)
(M
,T
kgm
13,8
6 ms
694,824
1
923,15
4
d
148,954 m
,3 1 bar
t
t
, 8
M
T
T
(
)
p
p
1
p
, 366 8,314 15
148,954
5,214
(
1
36
, 8 1 2,481 466,498
466,498
923,15
(
)
5,214
5,214 1
p
3 139,5 Pa
,1 L
82,954 m
,
M
92696
( ,
1383
5,9712 1
) T
V,
la presiuni joase
1,1249 1
)
,
92696
1,1249 1
( ,
1383
1 2,481
5,9712 1
, 124 cP
22
1 2,481 ) 694,824
1,24 1
kgm s
(M
,T )
92696
1
(M
( ,
1 2,481
)
,T
5,214
,3 1
36
12,614
p ) M
R T
(5,214
6,571
2
, 8
Q
Q
Q
d
d
Q
I (d
,t
36
, 8
12,614 ms
36
9,31 ms
,3 1) 1 2,481
, 83 923,15
6,571 kgm
1 ,185 kgm
9,31 1 ,185
1,395 1
543784, 8
L
d
,
,
6,
e:
4,913 bar
1 2,481
13,8
Re
1,55 1
2
M
4 15
(p
1,24 1
1,1249
4
d
1 2,481 ) 923,15
kgm s
1,55 1
kgm s
i:
,T )
5,9712 1
, 155 cP
(M
2
1,395 1
1383
7962
,1 82,954
2, 74 1
)
532,17 21 ,61 ,745 (1,8213
,45638
( , 23447
,
59 37 ,745) 193,348
( , 7 11,791
,84) 733,283 k kg
15
733,283
1, 99 1
23
k kg
k h
,745) 193,348
(4,187 193,348
837)
I (d
,
,
,t )
532,17 21 ,61 ,745 (1,8213
,45638 ,745) 65
( , 23447
(4,187 65
,
59 37 ,745) 65
837)
( , 7 11,791
,84) 2115,346 k kg
15
2115,346
3173 19 k kg
( , 5g) C ( , 52g) C
( ,
( ,184g) C
( , 26g) C
C
( , 47g) comb( , 8g)
C
( ,25g) C
( , 41g)
4g) C
( , 77g) C
( , 74g)
24
n (x )
5
,84
, 52
,84
, 4
,84
,25
,84
, 41
,84
,184
,84
, 26
,84
, 77
,84
, 74
,84
, 47
,84
g (x )
M
x
2, 16
x
16, 43
x
26, 38
x
28, 54
x
3 , 7
x
42, 81
x
44, 97
x
53, 84
x
56,1 8
x
58,123
11
102,481
12
MP
benzin
Comb
13
H2O
18,015
250
(xc)
, 2
16 x
1 ra
n (xc)
(xc)
0,160
(1-xcf)
0,080
1,561
0,320
, 8
,84
0,600
(ra)
1,600
(1+ra)
33,305
ra
59,871
1,600
(1+ra)
x
x
n (xc)
M
n (xc)
1
, 2
,6
16 x
, 43 635
, 2
1,6
16 x
, 43 635
(T)
Cp (T)
d
Cp (T)
(T)
Cp (T)
(T)
Cp (T)
b T c T
11,1685
,9153 d ,,
27,7 47
Cp (T) dT
,9189
3,38985 1
(27,7 47
3,38985 1
1,69493 1
T
22,3479 48,1275 1
74,52
,
27,96 9
(22,3479
24 637 T
6 ,2362 1
T) dT
, 277 47 T
1
1
8,4 652 k mol
T
48,1275 1
T) dT
1
1
25
1 x
1 2,481
, 8
x
,84 25
ra
18, 15
, 2 16 x
, 43 635
(T)
Cp (T)
(T)
Cp (T)
(T)
Cp (T)
(T)
Cp (T)
(T)
Cp (T)
(T)
Cp (T)
228,2
(27,96 9
6 ,2362 1
6,48921 1 T
217,365 k mol
1 ,8667 121,68 8 1
52,51
(1 ,8667
(1 ,2338
(13,4925
(1 ,8549
6 84 4T
45,56 65 1
1
(24,6162
79 615T
59,16355 1
(T)
9, 1
(16,9533
954863T
72,91123 1
Cp (T)
15,579
2,65932 1
T
312, 373 1
T ) dT
79,77959 1
T ) dT
117,823 k mol
T ) dT
1
1
, 246162 T
T
79,77959 1
1294 6T
, 169533 T
98,172 1 1
T
26
6 ,87526 1
9284 3T
72,91123 1
, 134925 T
T ) dT
118816T
, 1 8549 T
6 ,87526 1
T
258,8119 1
59,16355 1
, 1 2338 T
185,68 5 1
2, 2918 1
T
171, 67 k mol
16,9533 258,8119 1
T ) dT
45,56 65 1
,
T
, 1 8667 T
, 2796 9 T
37,56525 1
237,6317 1
2,43 37 1
T
24,6162 185,68 5 1
186,11
37,56525 1
19 ,9726 1
1,97212 1
T
7,73156 k mol
1 ,8549 237,6317 1
1 4,68
158,123
1,51869 1
T
93,4888 k mol
13,4925 19 ,9726 1
19,71
3 1181T
T ) dT
19,46762 1
121,68 8 1
1,25217 1
T
44,2 2 k mol
1 ,2338 158,123 1
83,82
T ) dT
1
1
24,85 1 k mol
(T)
129,985
(15,579
312, 373 1
3,2724 1
T
147,617 k mol
(T)
(T)
M
1
98,172 1 1
156 19 T
T ) dT
1
1
, 15579 T
C (t) dT
1
M
1
1
( 1,69578
(4,6894
,293 9
1,18 74d
,
,
,
,
,45638d
)(T
) dT
M
1
273) dT
1
1 2,481
( 1,69578
1
1 2,481
1
1
,
(T)
1
Cp
(T)
(4,6894
195213 T
(T)
M
1
,293 9 11,791
, 3894 7 T
( 1,69578
M
1
25
1
( 1,69578
25
1
(4,6894
,
34,4
1,18 74
(4,6894
45 552 T
,62775 1
,45638
,745)(T
,45638d
,
,
)(T
,293 9 11,1685
1,18 74
273) dT
128,94 k mol
,293 9
1,18 74d
,9189)(T
,
,
) dT
273) dT
,45638
273) dT
27
,745)dT
,9189) dT
C (T) dT
1
(34,4
18, 15
1, 3764 1
1
T
,
Comp
,62775 1
T
,
17423 T
k mol
T ) dT
5,6 79 1
17423 T
1,9 952 T
1,9 952 T k kg
1, 3764
(T)
k mol
T
, 277 47 T 8,4 652
T
, 223479 T 83,3166
T
,
3 1181T
, 2796 9 T
217,365
T
,
6 84 4T
, 1 8667 T
44,2 2
T
,
79 615T
, 1 2338 T
93,4888
T
,
954863T
, 134925 T
7,73156
T
,
118816T
, 1 8549 T
117,823
T
,
9284 3T
, 246162 T
171, 67
T
,
1294 6T
, 169533 T
24,85 1
T
,
156 19 T
, 15579 T
147,617
T
, 3894 7 T 128,94
1
2
3
H2
CH4
C2H2
0
-74,52
228,2
1,69493 1
,
24 637
6,48921 1
C2H4
52,51
1,25217 1
C2H6
-83,82
1,51869 1
C3H6
19,71
1,97212 1
C3H8
-104,68
2,43 37 1
C4H5
186,11
2, 2918 1
C4H8
-9,01
2,65932 1
10
C4H10
-129,985
3,2724 1
11
-100
195213
12
13
MP
benzin
Comb
H2O
100
-241,814
45 552 T
Comp
, 435555 T
1
47,
96
n (x )
x
k kg MP reacionat
H2
CH4
5
[1,69493 1
T
,84 2, 16
52
[ ,
24 637 T
,84 16, 43
28
, 277 47 T
, 223479 T
8,4 652]
83,3166]
C2H2
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
C3H8
C4H5
C4H8
10
C4H10
11
MP
benzin
Comb
12
13
H2O
3,86691 1
(T)
4
[( 6,48921) 1 T
,
3 1181T
, 2796 9 T
,84 26, 38
217,365]
25
[( 1,25217) 1
T
,
6 84 4T
, 1 8667 T
,84 28, 54
44,2 2]
41
[( 1,51869) 1
T
,
79 615T
, 1 2338 T
,84 3 , 7
93,4888]
184
[( 1,97212) 1
T
,
954863T
, 134925 T
,84 42, 81
7,73156]
26
[( 2,43 37) 1
T
,
118816T
, 1 8549 T
,84 44, 97
117,823]
77
[( 2, 2918) 1
T
,
9284 3T
, 246162 T
,84 53, 84
171, 67]
74
[( 2,65932) 1
T
,
1294 6T
, 169533 T
,84 56,1 8
24,85 1]
47
[( 3,2724) 1
T
,
156 19 T
, 15579 T
,84 58,123
147,617]
1
( ,
195213 T
, 3894 7 T 128,94)
1 2,481
8
( ,
45 552 T
, 435555 T 47, 96)
,84 25
Comp
H2
CH4
C2H2
3,86691 1
T
,
238 42 T
238 42 T
,1 363 T
,1 363T
1358,52
1358,52
(x , T) 1
n (x )
k kg MP alim sau k kg prod de reacie
5 x
[1,69493 1
T
,84 2, 16
52 x
[ ,
24 637 T
,84 16, 43
4 x
[ 6,48921 1 T
,84 26, 38
217,365]
29
, 277 47 T
, 223479 T
,
3 1181T
8,4 652]
83,3166]
, 2796 9 T
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
C3H8
C4H5
C4H8
10
C4H10
11
MP
benzin
Comb
12
13
25 x
[ 1,25217 1
T
,
6 84 4T
, 1 8667
,84 28, 54
44,2 2]
41 x
[ 1,51869 1
T
,
79 615T
, 1 2338
,84 3 , 7
93,4888]
184 x
[ 1,97212 1
T
,
954863T
, 134925
,84 42, 81
7,73156]
26 x
[ 2,43 37 1
T
,
118816T
, 1 8549
,84 44, 97
117,823]
77 x
[ 2, 2918 1
T
,
9284 3T
, 246162
,84 53, 84
171, 67]
74 x
[ 2,65932 1
T
,
1294 6T
, 169533
,84 56,1 8
24,85 1]
47 xc
[ 3,2724 10 8 T3 0,000156019 T2 0,015579 T
0,84 58,123
147,617]
1000 (1 xc )
[0,000195213 T2 0,0389407 T 128,94]
102,481
80 xc
[0,000450552 T2 0,0435555 T 47,0096]
0,84 250
H2O
3,86691 10
T3 xc 0,00023804 T2 xc 0,00190487 T2
T xc 0,37998 T 1358,52 xc 1258,18
65 923,15
4,913 bar
15 kgh
,6
T
T
T
T
T
T
0,10363
0,10363
(x
,T )
15
( 3,86691 1
923,15
,
238 4 923,15
, 19 487 923,15
,1 363 923,15
,37998 923,15
1358,52
1258,18) 1, 7391 4 1 k h
t
Presupunem:
725
,1 6382
xc
xc
xc
xc
,1 6382
(xc , T )
15
( 3,86691 1
998,15
,1 6382
,
238 4 998,15
,1 6382
, 19 487 998,15
,1 363 998,15 ,1 6382
,37998 998,15 1358,52 ,1 6382 1258,18)
1,738158 1 k h
,
ra
(T) dT
C
,
15
,6
( 1, 3764 1
T
,
17423 T
1,9 952 T
1, 3764
1
T
,
17423 T
1,9 952 T )
15
,6
( 1, 3764 1
923,15
,
17423 923,15
1,9 952 923,15
1, 3764 1
998,15
,
17423 998,15
1,9 952 998,15)
15 553, 8 k h
Q
65
(
xc
725
273,15)
2
15
,1 6382
( 3,86691 1
96 ,65
,
1358,52) 213 19,42 k h
238 42 96 ,65
,1 363 96 ,65
Q
4 1
Q
1,738158 1
1, 2782 1 k h
d
15 553, 8
31
213 19,42
Q
d
1,738158 1
1 ,273 m
n
L
(xc )
(xc )
n
, 2
, 2
(1
3 7 6 Pa
p
M ( )
R T
(p
,3 7 bar
4,913 37,154
, 83 923,15
p ) M
R T
2
ra)
d
1
(xc )
2,382
4 1
36
M (xc ) (1
p
p ) M (xc )
+
T
1
T
T
1
T
[
]
p
1
M (xc ) (1
p
p ) M (xc )
(1
8,314 16,273 15
,6)
, 366
36
, 8
4,913 1
37,154 (1
4,913
p ) 35,4 3
*
+
923,15
1
998,15
923,15
1
998,15
[
]
4,913 1
37,154 (1
4,913
p ) 35,4 3
p
*
1, 7391
75 d
1 ,273 1 75 , 8 16,273 m
1,6
37,154
16
, 43 635
1,6
35,4 3
16 ,1 6382
, 43 635
R L
4
36
4
36
w
1,968
2
2,382 kgm
(4,913
,3 7) 35,4 3
, 83 998,15
1,968 kgm
2,175 kgm
(1
ra)
4 15
(1
,6)
55,679 ms
36
2,382
, 8
d
(1 ra)
4 15
(1
,6)
67,392 ms
36
1,968
, 8
d
w
55,679 67,392
61,535 ms
2
2
32
L
w
1 ,273
61,535
,166 s
65
725
2
11,25
xc
1 e
Presupus: xc
273,15
1 97
T
(
96 ,65
(T
1
,1 6382
)
e
,677
,
,1 6297
15 kgh
998,15
1,738158 1 k h
p
p
4,913
,3 7 4,6 6 bar
xc
,1 6382
,1 6382
761
xc
,43 83
xc
xc
xc
,1 6382
,43 83
,536465
Bilan termic pe sector:
i:
(xc , T )
(xc , T )
15
( 3,86691 1
998,15
,1 6382
,
238 4 998,15
,1 6382
, 19 487 998,15
,1 363 998,15 ,1 6382
,37998 998,15 1358,52 ,1 6382 1258,18)
1,738158 1 k h
(xc , T )
15
( 3,86691 1
1 34,15
,536465
,
238 4 1 34,15
,536465
, 19 487 1 34,15
,1 363 1 34,15 ,536465
,37998 1 34,15 1358,52 ,536465 1258,18)
2,798 98 1 k h
Presupunem:
33
ra
(T) dT
C
,
15
,6
( 1, 3764 1
T
,
17423 T
1,9 952 T
1, 3764
1
T
,
17423 T
1,9 952 T )
15
,6
( 1, 3764 1
998,15
,
17423 998,15
1,9 952 998,15
1, 3764 1
1 34,15
,
17423 1 34,15
1,9 952
1 34,15) 73431, 4 k h
725
(
xc
761
2
83
273,15)
15
,43
( 3,86691 1
1 16,15
,
238 42 1 16,15
1 16,15 1358,52) 841168,85 k h
,1 363
n
L
Q
d
2,798 98 1
(xc )
(xc )
75 d
, 2
16
, 2
16
73431, 4 841168,85
,1 31847
19,73
1,6
,1 6382
1,6
,536465
2 75
, 43 635
, 43 635
34
, 8
1,738158 1
31,73 m
35,4 3
29,739
19,73 m
(1
R L
d
p
*
[
ra)
36
1
(xc )
(p
p ) M (xc
T
1
T
1
p ) M (xc
(1
,6)
, 8
4,6 6
p ) 29,739
+
1
1 34,15
1
1 34,15
]
4,6 6
p ) 29,739
1
T
T
M (xc ) (p
8,314 31,73 15
, 366
36
4,6 6 1
35,4 3 (1
*
998,15
998,15
[
4,6 6 1
35,4 3 (1
p
852 8,2 Pa
(p
(xc )
p ) M
R T
(xc )
1,968
2
1,3
(4,913
,3 7) 35,4 3
, 83 998,15
(4,6 6
,852) 29,739
, 83 1 34,15
6
4
36
(1
ra)
d
4 15
(1
36
1,968
,6)
, 8
4
36
(1
ra)
d
4 15
36
1,3
,6)
, 8
67,392
2
L
w
1 1,975
2
19,73
84,6835
(1
6
725
761
2
,232 s
273,15
1,3
6 kgm
67,392 ms
84,6835 ms
1,968 kgm
1,6343 kgm
,852 bar
p ) M
R T
(p
1 16,15
35
1 1,975 ms
lg( )
1 97
T
11,25
(T
2,846
(1 xc ) (1 e
xc
Presupus: xc
,43 83
(1
,1 6382) (1
,431876
T
p
xc
15 kgh
1 34,15
2,798 98 1 k h
p
p
4,6 6
,852
xc
xc
,1 6382
t
Presupunem:
t
828,622
xc
828,622
xc xc
828,622
3,754 bar
,43 83
,84
,536465
,536465
273,15
,3 3535
11 1,772
)
)
1
1 34,15
,536465
,
238 4
,536465
, 19 487 1 34,15
,1 363
,536465
,37998 1 34,15 1358,52 ,536465
2,798 98 1 k h
(xc , T )
15
( 3,86691 1
11 1,772
,84
,
238 4 11 1,772
, 19 487 11 1,772
,1 363 11 1,772 ,84
,37998
11 1,772 1358,52 ,84 1258,18) 3,777234 1 k h
,
ra
,84
(T) dT
15
,6
( 1, 3764 1
T
,
17423 T
1,9 952 T
1, 3764
1
T
,
17423 T
1,9 952 T )
15
,6
( 1, 3764 1
1 34,15
,
17423 1 34,15
1,9 952
1 34,15 1, 3764 1
11 1,772
,
17423 11 1,772
1,9 952 11 1,772) 14 92,8 k h
36
828,622
273,15)
2
15
,3 3535
( 3,86691 1
1 67,961
,
238 42 1 67,961
1 67,961 1358,52) 578 88,14 k h
761
(
xc
,1 363
d
3,777234 1
n
L
(xc )
, 2
75 d
(xc )
(1
R L
16,964
92,8
578 88,14
,1 31847
2 75
, 8
1,6
,536465
16
M
14
2,798 98 1
28,964 m
29,739
, 43 635
1,6
, 2 16 ,84
ra)
, 43 635
26,721
36
p ) M (xc )
+
T
T
1
T
T
[
]
p
1
M (xc ) (p
1
p ) M (xc )
(1
8,314 28,964 15
,6)
, 366
36
, 8
3,754 1
29,739 (1
3,754
p ) 26,721
*
+
1 34,15
1
11 1,772
1 34,15
1
11 1,772
[
]
3,754 1
29,739 (1
3,754
p ) 26,721
p
*
148746 Pa
(p
p
R
p
R
(p
(xc )
(p
1,487 bar
) M (xc ) (4,6 6
,852) 29,739
T
, 83 1 34,15
) M (xc ) (3,754 1,487) 26,721
T
, 83 11 1,772
1,3
,6624
2
,9815 kgm
37
1,3
6 kgm
,6624 kgm
16,964 m
4
36
4
36
(1
(1
ra)
d
ra)
d
4 15
36
1,3
4 15
(1
36
,6624
1 1,975
2
L
w
(1
6
,6)
, 8
,225
1 1,975 ms
,225 ms
151,1 ms
16,964
151,1
,6)
, 8
,112 s
761
11,25
828,622
2
273,15
1 97
T
(T
9,5 8
(1 xc ) (1 e
xc
Presupus: xc
,3 3535
1 67,961
(1
,536465) (1
38
,3 3725
5.Breviar de rezultate
Proprietile zonei de convecie:
Sector
Parametru
ti,
pi, bar
p, bar
L, m
nc, coturi
Lech, m
Rem
Qf, kJ/h
100
5,5
1,882*10-4
7,793
0
151,958
5,499
0,285
23,176
3
41,176
839097,74
5,797*105
193,348
5,214
0,301
82,954
11
148,954
543784,08
2,074*106
28169,014
1,949*105
650
4,913
0,307
10,273
1
16,273
0,166
0,106382
0,106297
725
4,606
0,852
19,73
2
31,73
0,232
0,430083
0,431876
761
3,754
1,487
16,964
2
28,964
0,112
0,303535
0,303725
39