Inovarea deschisă

Inovarea deschisă este... “use of purposive inflows and outflows of knowledge to accelerate internal
innovation, and expand the markets for external use of innovation, respectively.”
Utilizarea fluxurilor de cunoştiinţe din interiorul şi exteriorul unei companii care duce la accelerarea
inovaţieiîncadruleidar care se şideschidespreutilizareaexternă a rezultateloraceleiinovări.
(Henry Chesbrough, 2003)
Inovareadeschisăaduceîmpreunăidei din afarauneicompanii cu eforturile interne din C&D care se extend
înafaraoperaţiilorcurente. Henry W. Chesbrough
Tipicul C&D- în interior (ciclulclasic de dezvoltare a produselornoi)
Încercări de a definiinovareadeschisă:
 Ultimulbîz/trend/modăîn management (Hagel and Brown, 2008)
 Un mechanism prin care se acceseazăsurse de inspiraţieşi de inovare- care
creeazănoisurse de valoare care vin din afarauneicompanii(Tuff and Jonash, 2009)
 O abordareevoluatăChesbrough, 2003, p.43 “O abordare care
plaseazăabordareainternăşiexternăpeacelaşinivel de importanţăatuncicând vine vorba
de ideivaloroase.
 Chesbrough and Bogers, 2014 “odefinim ca un proces de inovarece se
poatedistribui/comunica,
bazatpemanagementulcunoaşteriiîninteriorulşiînafaragraniţelororganizaţionale,
înconcordanţă cu modelul de busines. ”

Factorii care susţininovareadeschisă:

 Provocări de o amploareşicomplexitatefărăprecedent denaturăsocială, financiară, economică, sau a
mediului. (McLaughlin and McMillon, 2015, p.3)
 Globalizarea: creştereacomplexităţiişiintensificareaconcurenţei, maipuţin control şipredictabilitate,
o volatilitate mare, neaşteptată, diversitateşiprovocări continue,
oportunităţinemaiîntâlnitepânăacum, etc.
 Tehnologiainformaţionalăşiconectivitatea la nivel global
 Dinamicapieţelorşi a clienţilor, tot maieducaţi, cu nevoi tot mai sophisticate, schimb de
informaţiipersoană la persoană, comunităţi ale utilizatorilor, ale practicienilor/practicilor, etc.
 Complexitateabunurilorşi a serviciilor
 Convergenţaindustriilor: “limitele legislative şitehnologicesunt tot maineclare (OECD, 1992).
 Transferabilitatea tot maiposibilă a drepturilor de proprietateintelectuală
 Creşterile de capital privat (Herzog, 2008)
Forme ale inovăriideschise
Co-dezvoltarea
Turnee concurs de inovare
Principalelemetodologii ale utilizatorilor
Crowd sourcing and funding
Ecosistemeinovative
Inovări collaborative, distribuite, cumulative
Sisteme Open Source
Modele tip platforme de inovare
Implicareafurnizorilor
Inovăricentratepe user/client
Incubatoare de afaceri
Clustere
Alianţestrategice, joint venture, reţele de inovare
Etc…………………..

(External stakeholders: individual, community, organization Industry • Industry development • Inter-

industry differences Regional Innovation Systems • Local region • Nation • Supra- national institution
Society • Citizens • Public Policy)

Inovareaînchisă vs. deschisă

Închisă Deschisă
Oameniideştepţi din domeniulucreazăpentrunoi Nu toţiceideştepţi din domeniusunt la
noiîncompanie
Cercetareadezvoltareainternătrebuiesăaducă o parte din Cercetareadezvoltareaexternăpoatesăaducă
valoare o valoareadăugatăsemnificativă
Trebuiesăcontrolăm PI pe care o deţinemînfirmăiaralţiisă Trebuiesăprofităm de utilizarea PI a noastre
nu aibăacces la ea de cătrealţiişitrebuiesăatragem PI a
altoradacă ne îmbunătăţeştemodelul de
business
Deţinemproprietateapentrutoaterezultatelecercetărilor Facemparteneriate cu
din contracte cu universităţile universităţileşiîncurajămutilizarearezultatelo
r de cătreceiinteresaţi
Firma care duce prima inovaţiapepiaţăcâştigă Dezvoltareaunui model mai bun de business
e mai important decâtsăajungiprimulpepiaţă

Dacă cream Dacăfolosimîncelmai bun mod ideilepe care

celemaimulteşimaibuneideiîncadruluneiindustriicâştigă le avemcâştigăm
m

ValoareaInovăriideschise
Timpmaireduscatrepiaţă cu costurişiriscurimaireduse
Shorter time to market with less costs and risk
Mai multeinovaţiipetermen lung
Calitatemaibună a bunurilorşi a serviciilor
Exploatareanoiloroportunităţi ale pieţei
Mai multăflexibilitate
Capacitate de absorbţiemai mare a cunoştinţelorşiprocesemaieficace de inovare

Se reducbarierele determinate de tehnologie

Competenţecomplementareînafaracelorcheie
Generareaşicreştereaconectivităţilor
Generarea de oportunităţi
Noicolaborări la nivelurimediişijoaseînierarhiafirmelor

Examples Of OI
1. Formed an “open innovation” program to support academic research that holds promise of
new therapeutic drugs The collaboration will help foster medical innovation by bringing
together complementary skills. This initiative is another important step in the new era of
medical discovery via open innovation and public-private collaboration. UniQuest is delighted
to be partnering with AstraZeneca in this exciting approach towards the development of new
treatments for patients and the advancement of medical science in Australia. Dr. Dean Moss,
CEO, UniQuest By giving globally leading academic research institutions such as UQ access to
our compounds and expertise, we are opening doors to unexplored areas of pre-clinical and
clinical research to help find the next generation of medical breakthroughs (Dr Ajay Gautam,
AstraZeneca’s Executive Director Scientific Partnering and Alliances for Asia Pacific and
Emerging Markets)
2. Open Innovation Space for Financial Technology Startups Partnerships and innovation are the
key to building the bank of the future, which is why we are excited about the opportunity to
further our commitment to innovation with MaRS. The opportunity to have our team work
alongside top design talent and entrepreneurs in a collaborative environment will further our
leadership in developing the innovations that will change the way Canadians bank. [Aayaz Pira,
Vice President, Digital Channels, CIBC TechvibesNewsDesk, April 24th , 2015] MaRS is
committed to building bridges between corporations and best-in-class entrepreneurs. Having
just launched our new FinTech cluster, we are thrilled to have CIBC as founding partner of
MaRS’ corporate innovation hub. Salim Teja, EVP, Venture Services, MaRSTechvibesNewsDesk,
April 24th , 2015
3. Airbus Group to open innovation centre in Silicon Valley Airbus Group announced the creation
of a $150 million venture capital fund and said it had hired a Google executive to run a new
centre in Silicon Valley as it seeks to wave a digital wand over its heavy-manufacturing culture.
The plane maker said that Airbus Group Ventures would invest in "disruptive and innovative"
technologies worldwide. The aerospace industry must work more closely with high-tech
companies -- some of which, like Google, are encroaching on its turf through drone projects
Tom Enders, CEO, Airbus Group Reuters, May 30th , 2015
4. Fiat Mio, the World's FirstFiat Mio, the World's First Crowdsourced CarCrowdsourced Car
 • More than 17,000 participants worldwide
• More than 11,000 ideas submitted
• Users were stimulated to think in broad terms about traffic and life on-board A compact and
agile car, comfortable and safe with innovative traffic solutions for big cities, a pollutant- free
engine and the capacity to receive personalized updates, and changes in configuration, and
having interface between car and user
5. Peugeot’s design contestPeugeot’s design contest
6. NASA is turning to the public and crowdsourcing for outside-the-box thinking about human
space exploration challenges with a series of 10 new NASA Open Innovation Service (NOIS)
Contracts. The total value of all contracts combined is $20 million over five years.

De ceavemnevoiepentru a promovainovareadeschisă?
 De o culturăorganizaţională care să o susţină
 De un process al inovăriicontinu, sistematic
 De angajamentelesalariaţilor, de eforturilelorindividualespreîmbunătăţire
 De promovareaunuimediu care săsusţinăcreativitatea
 De un sistemadecvat de recompense
 De susţinerea din partea top managementului
 De parteneriate cu diferiţistakeholderi
Astfel, găsireasalariaţilorpotriviţi care săînceapăsăgândeascăşisă se manifestepentru a
promovainovareadeschisăeste de multeori o provocarefoarteserioasă.
Inovareadeschisă la nivel global:
• Înţelegereainterconectivităţilorşi a interdependenţelor
• Înţelegereaimpactuluiproblemelorglobale la nivel local, darşi invers
• Înţelegereadiferitelor culture şiaprecierealor
• înţelegereaşiapreciereapartenerilor din alteculturişicolaborarea cu ei
• Echilibruîntre culture diferiteşinecesitatea de a rămânecompetitiv
• capacitatea de a dezvoltabunuri/serviciinoi care sărăspundădiversităţiiglobale
Ce nu esteinovareadeschisă:
 ID nu esteaccesuldeschisşigratuitasuprapropriilortehnologii ci se bazeazăpe o strategie care
vizeazăManagementulproprietăţiiintelectuale,
 ID nu înseamnăexternalizarea C&D ci se referă la abordareaeistrategică,
 ID nu se referădoar la tehnologie ci şi la modelul de business,
 ID nu se referă la invenţii de naturătehnică I la găsireacăilor de a comercializaceeaceinovăm,
 ID nu se bazeazăpeînsuşireavalorii ci peparteneriatestrategice de tip câştig-câştig,
 ID presupunedezvoltareaunorproduse de tip bun-serviciu, nu se referă la
încheiereaunorparteneriateformale,
 ID înseamnăşipreocupareapentrueco-sisteme, nu doar simple parteneriate,
 ID nu înseamnă o creştere a costurilor de C&D ci o recuperaremaieficientă a lor,
  ID nu esteieftinăşi nu reprezintă un beneficiuclar, mai ales petermenscurt, Open innovation is
not cheap and does not aim at a short- term financial benefit,
 ID nu presupuneinventareaunorprodusenoi,
 ID nu oferăcaleaceascurtăcătre success, dar o oferăpecea care asigură ulterior
sustenabilitateaafacerii,
 ID nu încurajeazăcompaniasăintre prima pepiaţă ci oferămaimulteopţiuniîn care aceastăintrare
se poate face.

Examples of companies for OI

GE: This is one of my favoritecompanies. A few years back, GE ran a string of Ecoimagination challenges
aimed at start-ups, they have lots of initiatives focused on the startup heavy Maker community and now
they have also launched a new, interesting initiative called FirstBuild.
On the latter, you should check this article: GE launches ‘microfactory’ to co-create the future of
manufacturing
Cisco: The Entrepreneurs in Residence program allows Cisco to invite early-stage entrepreneurs with big
ideas for enterprise solutions to join their startup incubation program. This includes access funding from
Cisco, potential opportunities to collaborate with their product & engineering teams, co-working space in
Silicon Valley and much more.
You can also check out this blog post: Open innovation: Harnessing the ideas, talent and passion of the
startup eco-system
Samsung: Check out the Samsung Accelerator, which provides entrepreneurs with access to Samsung
decision-makers, information, and distribution channels.
This interview with the VP of Samsung’s Open Innovation Center, Mark Sherdorff, is worth a
read: Dancing Giants: Samsung’s Open Innovation Center
You can also visit the Open Innovation page for the Samsung Semiconductor division to get an idea of
the differences in approaches within Samsung business units.
Telefonica: Wayra by Telefonica has been around for three years, and today, it is present in 11
countries across Latin America and Europe. It seems to be very well organised and it is very active with
more than 300 startups engaged so far.
Coca-Cola: Coca-Cola wants to tap into entrepreneurs and their initiative is called the Coca-Cola
Accelerator program. It is not so easy to find information on their efforts, but I have met some people at
Coca-Cola working on this and it could become quite interesting.
Citrix: This accelerator is a seed-stage program with continuous enrolment that includes funding, a deep
advisory panel, office space in Silicon Valley, close collaboration, and a focus on enterprise market
validation.
Microsoft: Microsoft has brought most of their innovation initiatives towards entrepreneurs together
under the Microsoft Ventures organisation. This includes BizSpark, which I mention here although it not
as focused on startups as other initiatives as it is based on offering free software and support.
However, Microsoft also did some interesting things with their Accelerator for Kinect program a few years
ago and we might see more like this in the near future.
Shell: Budding entrepreneurs within the energy industry (and even beyond) can get in touch with
the GameChanger program at Shell. Here a team of 12 dedicated technical and scientific experts has the
benefits of support from Shell while also being allowed the freedom to make their own decisions.
Turner/Warner Bros: Media Camp is a comprehensive three months accelerator program that
educates entrepreneurs and enables them to build innovative media businesses.
Google: The Google for Entrepreneurs program includes a global community called Startup Grind.
DSM: Corporate venturing and open innovation seems to be linked closer and closer together and this is
the case at DSM Venturing, where investing in emerging companies is considered as a key part of their
overall outside-in open innovation activities.
Orange: The Orange Fab is a start-up accelerator aimed at helping start-ups by giving access to Orange
assets.