DICIONAR DE TERMENI GEOLOGICI (ENGLEZ ROMN) A.

accomodation = spaiu disponibil (to) accrete = a concreite, a creite mpreun accretionary wedge = pan (prism) de acreie Andean-type arc = arc de tip Aldean air-abraded = coroziune airfall = depus din suspensii aeriene Algoma-type iron-formations = ferilite stratificate tip Algoma allocyclic controls, event = alociclic, control a., eveniment alluvial = aluvial alluvial-fan = con aluvial alluvial-flat = pnz aluvial alluvial salients = proeminen aluvial along-strike = de-a lungul direciei amphidromic node = nod amfidromic anastomozing system = sistem anastomozat angular = angular, cu unghiuri angular rip-up clast = clast angular de galei moi antidunes = antidune apron = dig, prag arc = arc arc-related = arc asociat arc crust = arc crustal arcuate fold-thrust belt = orogene arcuite cu cute ariate arcuate segments = orocline, arce, promotorii artifact = artefact, obiect al omului primitiv, relict ash = cenu a.flow = curgeri de cenu (cineritice) attached lobes = lobi legai (ataai) authigenesis = autigenez autochthonous = autohton autochthonous complex of gabbros = complex gabbroic autohton autocyclic, controls = autociclic, control a. avulsion = avulsie axial force = fora axial

B.
back = n spate backarc basin = bazin backarc (de tip backarc), n spatele arcului backthrusting = n spatele ariajului back-barrier lagoon = bariera din spatele lagunei background = ambiene, fundal, condiii, atmosfer, formaie backset = backshore = zon de plaje i dune emerse delimitate spre larg de berm, zona supralitoral backwash = unda de retragere a valului, curent direcionat spre bazin de energie sczut, 1

contracurent bafflestone = calcar cu bajada = ngrmdire de conuri de dejecie la poalele unei catene muntoase balanced basin = bazin compensat bank = aluviune, depozit, banc de nisip, creast de pmnt, dmb, dig, taluz, rm, mal al unei ape curgtoare, val, zgaz bank strength = rezistena depozitului weak bank = depzit fr rezisten bar = bar, aluviune, banc de nisip, fie, filon transversal, prag chute bar = bar de inundaie mouth bar = bar de debuare swash-formed bar = bar din zona de swash (zona de spargere a valurilor) (to) bar = a bara, a bloca, a nchide barchane = dune semilunare barrier island = insul barier barite = baritin base level = nivel de baz basement = fundament basin = bazin basin-and-range-type transtensional basin = bazin transtensional de tip bazine-i-catene basin fill = umplutura bazinului basin-floor fan = con bazinal basin to input = bazin de alimentare basin unfilled = bazin neocupat basin parallel = bazine paralele basinward = bazin nchis, ctre bazin, spre bazin bathymetric = batimetrie bathymetric hole = paleofos bay = golf, baie, grl, lac, intrnd beach = plaj, rm, litoral, coast joas, mal, banc de nisip beach rock = nisipuri cimentate n zone de plaj beachface = zona din faa plajei beach ridge = bearing = aezare a zcmntului, stratului, direcia stratului, orientare, poziie a stratului, zcmntului fossil-bearing = fosilifer granule-bearing = granular gypsum-bearing = gipsifer bed = strat, liton, patul rului bed boundaries = limitele litonilor (stratelor) bedded jasper = jasp bazal bedforms = forme de fund (din baza curentului) bed load = sarcina (debit) de fund bedding = stratificaie bedwaves = urme de valuri bedrock = roc de baz, roc impermeabil, roc mam, roc n situ, teren stncos confiningbed = strat impermeabil sea-bed = fundul mrii bending = ncovoiere bending by curve-parallel simple shear = ncovoiere prin curbare paralel dat de forfecri simple 2

pure bending = ncovoiere pur belt = centur, zon, regiune, strmtoare ngust (to) bend = a curba, a ndoi bent = curbura bight = baie, intrnd, golf, cot bindstone = calcar biolithite = biolitit bird foot = picior de pasre black shale = argile negre blocks = blocuri boulder = galet, bloc, bolovan, lespede de stnc boulder clay = argil cu blocuri (eratic) boulder period = er glaciar boulder stone = bloc, bolovan, lespede de stnc boulder wall = moren borings = perforii n roci i galei bottom currents = cureni de fund boundstone = bioloitit bouncing = saltaie bottom set = set bazal braided = mpletit braidplain = cmpie (lunc) mpletit braidplain deposit = depozite de albie de tip mpletit braidplain delta = delt de tip mpletit, cmpie deltaic mpletit braided channel deposits = sedimente de canal mpletit braided channel systems = sisteme de canal mpletit braided fluvial = ruri mpletite braided-stream environment = ambian fluvial mpletit sandy braided-stream environment = ambian fluvial mpletit nisipoas break = ruptur, fractur, deschiztur, crptur, despictur, bre, diaclaz, falie, faliere, fisur, fracturare, prbuire, ntrerupere breack in slope = ruptur de pant breaker = brizant, talaz, valuri deferlante breccia = brecie breccia structure = structur brecioas breccia texture = textur brecioas fault breccia = brecie de falie, de dislocaie, tectonic friction breccia = brecia de dislocaie, tectonic lava breccia = tectonic breccia = brecie tectonic breccias = brecii brink = prag, margine bottle-neck = depresiuni mici i nguste boulder = foarte grosier build-up = bioconstrucie, nbuntirea connstruciei bulk = structur buoyancy = flotabilitate, for ascensional, portant, plutire buoyant = flotabil, plutitor buoyant plume = pan de flotabilitate burial diagenesis = diagenez trzie, de ngropare progresiv burrows = caneluri colmatate, tuburi colmatate, structuri canaliforme 3

C.
calcic nodules = noduli calcaroi calcic tubules = forme alungite calcaroase caliche soil = calcret caliche) carbonate buildups = bioconstrucie carbonatic c.platform = platform carbonatic carbonate ramp = ramp carbonatic casts = mulaje de urme symdromous casts = riduri dendritice catchment = bazin de captare catchment area = bazin (de ru), bazin tributar, bazin de captare, capcan petrolifer catchment basin = bazin de acumulare a apei (de recepie a precipitaiilor), colector de ap cement = ciment = drusy = druzic = fibrous = fibros = meniscus = de contact = mosaic = echigranular, mozaic = porous = de pori = overgrowth = de supracretere cessation of depozition = discontinuitate stratigrafic chain = caten, lan orogenic chains = catene orogenice channel = canal channel bed slope = panta patului canalului channel lag = aluviuni bazale channel fill = umplutura canalului, canal colmatat, prsit, depozite de canal channel pool = bazin canaliform ch. anastomosing = anastomozat ch. floor = aluviuni bazale ch. high-sinuosity = sinuozitate mare ch. low-sinuosity = sinuozitate sczut clogged stream channel = umplutura canalului chenier = depozit de plaj care au fost izolate de mare prin benzi mltinoase, este un nisip sau creast subire de plaje, care este parte a unei cmpii subiri, numit cmpie chenier, constnd din chenire separate de amestecuri de depozite de cmpie mloas cu vegetaie de balt i mlatin. chemical weathering = alterare chimic chloralgal = coralalgal chlorozoan = chute = cdere de ap, cascad, jgheab, pant nclinat, depresiune monoclinal, culoar (to) chute = a aluneca (to) circumscribe = a mrgini, a limita, a circumscrie, a ncercui clastic = clastic, frmicios, detritic clastic dykes = filoane clastice clastic succession = sccesiune clastic (detritic) cliff = falez costal cliffs = faleze costale climate = atmosfer, ambian, clim, climat climbing ripple lamination = ondulaii ascensionale 4

cluster = acumulare, grmad, mulime coalescent = fuzionat, ntreptruns coarse = grosier coarse alluvial detritus = detritus aluvial grosier coarse alluvial-fan = con aluvial grosier coarse tail = granoclasai normally coarse tail = normal granoclasai inversely coase tail = invers granoclasai coarsen upward = progradeaz de la coarsening up sequence (CUS) = secven prograd (progradaional) coarsesens up = granoclasare invers coast = coast, rm coastal = de coast, litoral cobble = piatr de pavat, cremene, silice comb = creast, coam component clastes = componeni clastici complex flood events = evenimentele complexe de curgere concentration = concentrare, concentraie, condensare continental-shelf enviroment = ambian de self continental continental-interior basin = bazin continental-intern continental-margin arc environment = ambian de arc-marginal continental continental-margin backarc basin = bazin backarc de margine continental contributing = aportul convolute bedding = stratificaie convolut convolute lamination = laminaie convolut, microondulat coprolites = coprolite correlative conformity course = flux, curs cracks = crpturi mud cracks = crpturi de uscare, poligoane de contracie syneresis cracks = crpturi de sinerez crawling traces = urme de locomoie crawling trails = urme de trre, de reptaie, de tip repichnia crevasse = crevas, crptur crevasse channel = canal de crevass crevasse splay = con de crevas crevasse spaly deposits = sedimente de sprtur n grind (con de crevas) cross = oblic, nclinat, ncruciiat cross-beds = stratificaie oblic (ncruciat) cross-bedded deposit = depozit stratificat oblic cross-bedding = stratificaie oblic (ncruciat) cross laminated bodies = corpuri oblic tabulare cross-lamination = laminaie oblic (ncruciat) swaley cross-stratification = straificaie oblic de tip swaley crude = primar, grosier current = curent, uvoi, curgere, scurgere current liniation = liniaie de curent current ripple = ondulaii de curent current velocity -= viteza curentului current bedding = stratificaie oblic / diagonal / normal current-ripple cross lamination = ondulaii de curent cu laminaie oblic 5

current structures = structuri de curent current-modified = cureni modificai cut-out = contur cutting = excavare, sptur cusp = cap, promotoriu, pisc, vrf cuspat = atunci cnd un ru deverseaz ntr-o mare cu valuri puternice, acestea acioneaz asupra sedimentelor determinnd o form ascuit cu margini arcuite, sedimentele se rspndesc n ambele sensuri de la gura rului cyclothem = ciclotem

D.
debris = sfrmturi, grohoti, drmturi, materiale solide purtate de cureni (aluviuni, flotani, etc.), sfrmturi de roc steril debris avalanche = avalan de debrite, de roci debris slide = alunecade de grohoti, alunecare de stnci, prbuire de grohoti, prbuire de stnci debris cone = con de dejecie, con torenial debris flow = curgere noroioas, curgere torenial, curgere de debrite (resturi) debris-laden = deluvii debris-shell = crust de debrite debris-torrent = torent de debrite, curgere de roci, de pmnt rock debris = grohoti, depozit deluvial de pant deep = adnc deep desicated = desecat de mare adncime deepening up = de adncime din ce n ce mai mare deep marine (sea) = mare adnc deep water = ap adnc degree = grad, treapt, proporie delta lobe = lob deltaic d.front = front deltaic, delt submers d.plain = cmpie deltaic, delt emers delta = delt river-dominated delta = delt construit de ruri tide-dominated delta = delt construit de maree wave-dominated delta = delt construit de valuri delta-front = delt frontal coastal delta front = delt frontal de coast delta-plain = cmpie deltaic (aluvial) delta-face = suprafaa frontal a deltei delta slope = panta deltaic dendritic ridge moulds = riduri dendritice depocenter = depocentru deposit = depozite near-shore-marin deposit = depozite de plaj braided-stream deposit = depozite de cursuri mpletite depositional environment = mediu depoziional depositional basin = bazin depoziional depozitional systems = sistem depoziional depth = adncime, profunzime, adnc desiccation = uscare 6

desiccation feactures = urme de uscare desiccation cracks = crpturi de uscare detrital grain = granul detritic detritical mineral = mineral detritic (de origine) detached lobes = lobi separai (detaai) diatom ooze = ml diatomitic dike (dyke) = dike, filon eruptiv dip = adncitur, afundare, cderea stratelor, coborrea unei formaiuni, cufundare, declivitate, pant, denivelare, nclinare, povrni updip = povrniul superior dipping = nclinare, scufundare, imersiune, nmuiere dipping fault = falie normal dipping layer = strat nclinat discharge = debit, scurgere, deversare, erupie, descrcare, gur de vrsare, evacuare flashy discharge = debit torenial (curgere torenial) trunk-river discharge = debit disconformities = discordane dish structure = lamine concave discontinui disrupted bedding = bioturbaii disrupted sediments = sedimente cu bioturbaii distributary = afluent, distributiv distributary channels = canale ramificate (distributare), distributive distributary-mouth-bar = bar distributiv de la gura de vrsare, bar de debuare distributary mouth = gur distributiv disturbance = dislocare, discontinuitate stratigrafic division = diviziune, parte, secven, distribuie (to) down = a cobor down = coborre, cobor, deal nempdurit, cobort, jos, n josul downcurrent = a se efila downcutting = downfan = parte terminal a conului downsloape = la baza pantei downstream = n sensul curentului, n aval, n josul apei, n vale, aval downstream slope = taluz aval downthrow = falie, cdere, cufundare downwarpering = scufundare, submergen draa = asociaii de dune (dune complexe) drape = drapaj, vl shale drape = vl argilos mud drape = vl mlos drift = alunecare, aluviune, curent marin, curent de suprafa, curgere, deplasare, deriv, dun de nisip, grmad, miicare de alunecare, morman, strat aluvionar, sens, tendin, viteza unui curent dune = dun, dun hidraulic dune-scale structure = structur de dune la scar mare (megadune) cliff-top dune = climbing dune = dun ascendent crescentic dune = dun, barcan (to) dump = a rambleia, a deversa, a depozita dumping = rambleiere, deversarea, depozitarea, debuarea

E.
7

ebb = reflux, declin ebb tide = refluxul mareeic (to) ebb = a se retrage effluent = ap de scurgere, ap pluvial, ap rezidual, ap uzat, curs de ap derivat, effluent drain = canal de scurgere effluent-derived = efluent secundari, derivat elutriation = decantare (to) embay = a nchide, a nconjura, a cresta (un rm cu golfuri) embayed grain = litoclast embayed monocrystalline grain = granoclast litificat embayment = ni, coroziune, golf, formarea unui golf, promotoriu fluvial environment = mediu, ambian equilibrum point = punct de echilibru erratic boulder = bloc eratic (to) erode = a eroda, a coroda erosion = eroziune, erodare erosion surface = suprafa erozional escarpment = povrni, coast, falez, pant, taluz, versant abrupt, rp estuarine systems = sistem de estuar eustasy = eustasie glacial = e.glaciar global = e. global tectono-e. = e. tectonic eustatic effects = efecte eustatice evaporativ pumping = drenaj prin evaporare evaporites = evaporite event = eveniment event bedding = stratificaie disciclic (aleatoare) exposure = denudare, dezgolire extension = extensie extension parallel = extensie paralel extension fault = falie de extensie extent = ntindere, extindere, dimensiune

F.
fabric = modul de dispunere spaial a particulelor facies transition = facies de tranziie failure = dislocare, deranjament, ruptur, prbuire, nruire, sfrmtur, surpare, fisur fall-out = cderi suspension fall-out = depuneri din suspensii particule fall-out = depunerea particulelor fan = con alluvial-fan deltas = fan delte aluviale fan deltas = delte conice fan-patten = modelul conului fan head trench = canal situat n partea proximal a conului fan-shaped = forma conului fan catchment = consolidarea conului fan head zone = zon proximal a conului 8

fan-lobe = lobul conului fan-fringe = con lobat fans = conuri de mare joas fault = falii, falie fault angle = unghiul de faliere fault-bounded basin = bazin faliat fault breccia = brecie de falie, tectonic, de dislocaie fault cross-cutting = fault cuts = cute-falii fault cuts formation = formaiunea cutelor-falii fault elevation = profil al faliei fault face = frunte a faliei fault outcrop = afloriment al faliei fault overhold = cut din culcu fault plane = plan (suprafaa) faliei, plan (suprafaa) de faliere fault polish = oglind a faliei fault-related = falii asociate fault-related sedimentation = falii asociate sedimentrii fault scarp = teras a faliei fault sets in extensional mode = fault-slip = alunecare a faliei, falie de alunecare fault strike = direcia faliei fault terrace = treapta faliei fault trace = linie de falie fault trap = capcan stratigrafic fault water = ap acumulat n fisuri fault zone = zon de faliere fault(ed) zone = zon de falie trough fault = graben, scufundare n trepte active fault = falie activ antithetic fault = falie antitetic bedding fault = falie paralel cu stratificaia block fault = falie-bloc branch fault = falie ramificat close fault = falie nchis contraction fault = falie de contracie cross fault = falie transversal, ortogonal dextral fault = falie lateral-dreapta, dextr diagonal fault = falie diagonal dipping fault = falie normal dominant fault line = linia faliei dominante downcast fault = falie conform, cataclin downthrow(n) fault = falie normal down-to-basin fault = falie normal al crei compartiment cobort (czut) este spre bazin drop fault = falie normal face of fault = faa unei falii gravity fault = falie gravitaional (normal) hade of fault = nclinare a unei falii inclined fault = falie nclinat longitudinal fault = falie longitudinal (izogonal) low-angle fault = falie cu un unghi mai mic de 45 9

feature = caracteristic, trstur, particularitate, urm erosional feature = suprafa erozional structural feature = caracteristic structural tectonic feature = caracteristic tectonic terrain feactures = configuraia, morfologia terenului feeder = afluent, canal de alimentare feeding traces = urme de hrnire fenestral cavities (birdseyes) = goluri fenestrale feeding structures = urme de hrnire, de tip pascichnia (to) fill = a umple, a colmata fill channel = canal colmatat, depozite de canal feldspar (feldspath) = feldspat field = cmp, teren, bazin, regiune bogat n zcminte (to) fill = a umple, a ocupa, a acoperi, a astupa fill = umplutur, an, rambleu fine = fin fine-grained = granulaie fin, fin granulare finely laminated = laminaia fin finger stone = fosil de belemnit fines up = granoclasare normal fining up sequence (FUS) = secven retrograd (recesional) fining-upward character = caracter retrograd fining-upward cycle = cicluri FUS (retrograde) flaggy = ntins flaser bedding = stratificaie flaser (de mulaj argilos) flashy = rapid flashy flow = curgere rapid flashy stream = curs (curent) de ap torenial flat = cmpie, depresiune, filon orizontal, strat orizontal flat lamination = laminaie orizontal, laminaie paralel flat plain = cmpia aluvial tidal flat = cmpie tidal, mareic (to) flatten = a turti, a aplatiza flatly = orizontal floating = plutire, intercalaie (to) flood = a inunda flood = curgere, flux, mare, lac, ru, potop, uvoi, viitur flash flood = inundaie rapid, viitur floodbasin = bazin aluvial flood plain (floodplain) = cmpie aluvial, lunc, cmpie inundabil flooding surface = suprafa de inundare flooded area = zon (regiune, lunc) inundabil flooded = colmatare the Flood = Potopul flood-oriented current = curent orientat de viitur flood current = cureni de viitur sheetflood (sheet flood) = pnz torenial flooded = inundabil flooded area = zon (regiune) inundabil flow = flux, erupie, curent, curgere, debit, curs, scurgere, vrsare flowage = 10

flow banded = curgere stratificat difereniat flow units = uniti de curgere flow-aligned = aqueous flow = curgere de sedimente (nisipoas) confined flow = curgere limitat, delimitat, nchis debris flow = curgere de debrite (resturi) depletive flow = curgere desprit n brae, dispers flashy flow = curs rapid flood flow = curgere torenial fluidized flows = curgeri fluidizate grain flow = curgere cu presiune dispersant, curgerea granulelor, curgere granular mass-flow = curgere n mas mud flow = curgere mloas sheet flow = pnz de curgere, curgere n pnz slurry flow = curgeri noroioase unconfined flow = curgere nelimitat, liber unconfined stream flow = curgere torenial liber unidirectional flow = curgere unidirecional waning-flow = fluid inclusion = incluziune fluid flute = adncitur, canelur, canal, jgheab, an, scobitur, cresttur flute casts = caneluri de eroziune flute marks = caneluri de eroziune fluvial systems = sistem fluvial fold = cut fold-trend = direcia cutelor fold-trend axes = direcia axelor cutelor fold-thrust belt = zon de cute ariate folds = cute flexural folds = cute flexurale flexural flow folds = cute flexurale de curgere flexural slip folds = cute flexurale de alunecare cross-folds = cute nclinate folding = cutare shear folding = cutare de forfecare slip folding = cutare de alunecare (forfecare) foramol = foraminifere-moluste foredune = dune de plaj foreland basin = bazin de foreland (vorland-germ.) foreset = set frontal foreset lamina = lamin frontal foreshore = plaj, partea care rmne uscat la reflux, zona de rm proximal formally = din punct de vedere al formei, ca stratotip framestone = framework = structur, schelet, osatur framework-grain = structur granular fresh water = ap dulce fringing reefs = recifi dantelai (litorali) funnel = co vulcanic

G.
11

gashes = fracturi tension gashes = fracturi de tensiune geological setting = geologia regiunii genetic stratigraphic sequences (units) = secvene stratigrafice genetice geometrical models = modele geometrice geopetal structures = structur geopetal glass shard = vitroclaste glauconite = glauconit grain = granul, clast grain supported = orto, granule (particule) dominante grain size = granulometria, dimensiunea granulelor, dimensiune granular grainstone = calcar granular, alochemic grain sorting = granosortare grained = granulaie (to) grain = a sfrma, a mruni, a granula granitic basement = fundament granitic graded bed = strat granoclasat graded bedding = stratificaie gradat, granoclasare grading = granoclasare normal grading = granoclasare normal distribution grading = granoclasare complet coarse tail grading = granoclasare complet granule conglomerate = microconglomerate gravel = pietri, nisip aurifer, strat aurifer, rudit gravel bars = bare de pietri gravelly channel = canal nisipos gravity = adncime, gravitaie, profunzime, gravitaional gravity-driven mass transport = transport n mas gravitaional gravity flow deposits = sedimente de curgere gravitaional gravity processes = procese de c.g. gravity-driven = antrenare gravitaional ground = fundaie, baz, mas, pmnt, scoar terestr, roc, sol, suprafaa terestr, a pmntului, sol, teren, temelie, teritoriu middle-ground = banc mijlociu, banc de bifurcaie, banc de mijloc grazing traces = urme de trre guano phosphate = guano gullies = eroziuni adnci gutter casts = mulaj de suprasarcin (hidroplastic)

H.
half graben = graben incomplet (semigraben) hanging wall = acoperi, mas de roci de deasupra planului de falie hardgrounds = discontinuitate bazinal (hiatus) hard grounds = suprafee ntrite herring bone = os de pete herringbone cross-lamination sets = seturi de laminaii oblice n os de pete herringbone cross-stratification = stratificaie (structur) oblic n os de pete headland = promotoriu head waters = cursul superior al unei ape curgtoare 12

hiatus = hiatus high-energy delta = delt de mare energie highland = inut muntos, platou, orogen high stand = nivel nalt hinterland = regiune situat n interior, arie surs cratonic hinterland = regiunea cratonic intern, craton intern horizontal grazing burrows = urme orizontale de hrnire (de tip pascichnia) hummocky cross-stratification = stratificaie oblic de tip hummocky

I.
incised valleys = vale incisiv (canion, vale adnc) induration = litificare (masivitate) infill = umplutur, depozite de canal (to) infill = a umple, a colmata inlet = canal tidal principal input = aport inshore = de coast, costier, la rm, ctre rm, uscat, mal, se apropie de mal, rm, aproape de rm, mal, n direcia rmului intra-arc assemblage = ansamblu intra-arc intrabasinal shifts = variaii intrabazinale interbedded = intercalaie, interstratificaie interdigitating = ntreptruns interdistributary area = zon interdistributiv inter-flow (interflow) = confluen, interfluviu intergradational = intercalat interstitial clots = mas interstiial inter-surge = intertorenial ironformations (BIF)= ferilite stratitificate (taconite) ironstones = (IS) = ferilite corpusculare (minette) island arc = arc insular

J.
joint = falie, suprafa de contact

K.
key fossil = fosil caracteristic key stratigraphic surfaces = suprafee stratigrafice caracteristice

L.
labile = instabil labile framework grains = structuri granulare instabile labile lithic fragments = fragmente litice instabile labile grains = granule instabile labile material = material instabil lack of grain-size contrast = uniformitate dimensional lacustrine flooding surface = suprafa de inundare lacustr 13

lag = acumulare lags = pnz mulant surface lags = lahar = curgere noroioas (vulc.) laminae = lamin, lamine laminated = laminaii finely l. = laminaii fine lamination = laminaie, stratificaie fin, exfoliere convolute lamination = laminaie convolut, curbicortical corrugated lamination = laminaie contorsionat planar lamination = laminaie planar (paralel) wavy lamination = laminaie ondulate land = inut, pmnt, sol, ar, suprafa de sprijin, s. de contact, uscat, terestru, teren land-derived = continental land plants = plante de uscat landscape = relief landslide = alunecare de pmnt landward stepping = cu naintare spre continent late-in-the-flood-cycle = prile distale ale curgerilor lateral accretion = acreie (sedimentare) lateral lateral link hemisphroid (LLH) = structuri laminice de nlnuire, structuri de tip Collenia lava = lav lava fountains = fntni de lav volcanic lava = lav vulcanic layer = strat, liton, zcmnt, strat, stratificaie, ptur, albie, matc granule layer = liton arenitic gravel layer = liton ruditic (to) lay = a depune lay down = a sedimenta layering = liton lead = filon, grafit (to) lead = a determina (to) leave = a depune, a lsa, a depozita, a se depune lee side = panta sub curent, faa ondulaiei length = lungime, ntindere lens = zcmnt lentiliform lensing = zcmnt lenticular, stratificaie lenticular lenticular bedding - = stratificaie lenticular less angular = subangular limestone = calcar liquidized flows = curgeri lichefiate lithic = litic lithic fragment = fragment litic, litoclast lithology = litologie lithosphere = litosfer load = sarcin, stress, ncrctur, debit de aluviuni load cast = mulaje de suprasarcin load casting = tasare diferenial transport load = transportul ncrcturii (sarcinii) loam sand = nisip argilos longshore = zona de-a lungul rmului, direcional, longitudinali 14

low = zon joas low-matrix = matrice redus low stand = nivel sczut lower flow regime = regim de curgere inferior lower intercepts = interceptul inferior lowermost unit = unitate bazal

M.
mafic volcanic rock = roc vulcanic mafic magnitude = magnitudine, amploare making = accidente de teren (pe suprafaa unei planete) mantle = strat de lav, manta de protecie, roca din acoperi mapping = cartografie Marianas-type arc assembleges = ansambluri de arcuri de tip Mariane marks = urme (propriu-zise) flute marks = caneluri de eroziune crescent marks = urme semilunare flute rill marks = urme meandrate rill marks = urme de iroire groove marks = anuri de dragaj chevron marks = riduri de dragaj prod marks = urme de nfigere bounce marks = urme de ricoare brush marks = urme cu rid frontal ripple marks = ondulaii la suprafaa litonului, ondulaii depoziionale resting marks = urme de odihn, de ngropare, de tip cubichnia mass flow processes = procese de curgere n mas massive bedding = stratificaie masiva (neorganizat) matrix = matrice matrix supported = para, matrice dominant mature quartz arenite = cuar-arenit matur matrix-supported = matricea este mai mult dect clastele meander = meandru meandru belt = zon meandrat megaripples = megaondulaii melting = topire, fuziune partial melting = topire parial melt = topitur, fuziune, arj, topire melt flow index (MFI) = indice de curgere melt-grown crystal = cristal format n topitur glacial meltwater = apa de topire a gheii, toreni glaciari high melt = topire intens snow melt = topirea zpezii (to) melt = a topi, a fuziona, a amesteca, a dizolva, a se dizolva, a lichefia, a se lichefia, a se topi (to) melt away = a se topi complet (to) melt down = a fluidiza, a topi (to) melt into thin air = a se evapora, a se topi, a se volatiliza (to) melt out = a topi (a ndeprta prin topire) meniscate back-filled burrows = urme umplute cu material Mesozoic arc volcanic rocks = roci vulcanice din arcuri Mezozoice 15

meteoric diagenesis = diagenez meteoric microbial ball = oncoid microbial mat = pat algal mould = sol afnat, n special atunci cnd este bogat n materie organic, structur monocrystalline grain = granul monocristalin, granoclast monocrystalline quartz = cuar monocristalin mountain = munte mountain belt = centura muntoas, orogen mouth-plume = pan de debuare channel mouth-plume = canalul penei de debuare mud = ml, argil mud rich = bogat n argil mud mounds = elevaii (protuberane) mloase mudstone = argilit mud drapes = plaje noroioase mudrock = roc argiloas mud clast = galei moi mud caps = muddier = mlos

N.
natural levee = grind nearshore = plaj, rm, coast, apropierea rmului, litoral, zona litoral nearshore-marine envirenment = ambian de plaj nearshore zone = zon apropiat de rm nepheloid layers = nivele nefeloide (cureni de contur) neptunian dykes = dyke neptunian (clastic) nodular cherts = silicolit nodular nonembayed grain = granul liber non-stratified delapsion = alunecri nestratificate normative analysis = analize normative nuee-ardente (fr.) = nori arztori

O.
offshore = coast, rm oil shale = argil bituminoas olistolith = olistolit, bloc imens ongoing volcanism = activitate vulcanic oncoids = oncoide onlap = acoperire a unitilor stratigrafice succesive, extindere a unitilor stratigrafice succesive (dincolo de limita depozitelor precedente) orbital forcing = fore orbitale organic matter = substan organic o. productivity = productivitate biotic stratigraphic organization = structura (unitatea) stratigrafic oroclin = orogen-parallel extension = orogenic event = eveniment orogenic outcrop = afloriment 16

outflow = debit, erupie, evacuare, flux, gura de scurgere, izvor al unei ape, izvorre, nval, potop, revrsare, scurgere (to) outflow = a se scurge outlet = emisar, debueu, scurgere outlier = dmb-martor (martor de eroziune) out-size = dimensiuni foarte mari outwash = eroziune overbank deposits = sedimente de intercanal (peste maluri), bancuri de nisip de-a lungul canalului overbank flooding = sedimente de intercanal la inundaii overburden pressure = presiune de suprasarcin overlain = depuse peste (to) overlie = a se suprapune, a suprapune overpressuring = creterea presiunii over-supplied basin = bazin suprancrcat overthrusting = ariaj overturned beds = strate rsturnate oxbow lake = lac belciug (de meandru prsit) ooze = ml

P.
package = pachet, secven paleocurrent arrow = direcie de paleocurent paleoenvironmental analysis = analiz paleoambiental (paleomediu) particle-support mecanism = necanism de susinere a particulelor parting lineation = liniaie discontinu passive continental margins = margini continentale pasive paterns = evoluie paterns of autocyclic erosion = evoluie erozional intrinsec patch = strat peat = turb pebble = mediu pebbly = granular pedogenesis = pedogenez pellet = pelet pelloids = peloide (to) penetrate = a penetra, a ptrunde, a infiltra, a perfora, a adnci, a avansa, a mbiba (cu), a intra, a strpunge, a traversa percolation = infiltrare, filtrare, percolare, scurgere, scurgere subteran periodicity = periodicitate phenocryst = fenocristal photic zone = zon fotic phyllosilicate = filosilicai phyllosilicate matrix = matrice filosilicatic phyllosilicate material = material filosilicatic phytoclast = fitoclast pile = stiv sediment pile = stiv sedimentar (de sedimente) pillow = pern (structur pilow) pinch = efilare pinch-and-swell 17

(to) pinch out = a se efila pinch-out = efilare planar cross-bedding = stratificaie oblic tabular plane = cmpie, fa cristalografic, faet de cristal, platou, podi, es, ntins, neted water plane = nivelul apei plant rootlets = rdcini de plante plain = cmpie, es abyssal plain = zona abisal alluvial plain = cmpie aluvial, lunc coastal plain = cmpie costal, de coast flood plain = lunc inundabil plate-margin = margine de plac active-plate-margin = margine de plac activ playa = zon arid f. joas a unui bazin deertic format din: argil, silt sau nisip i care conine de obicei sruri solubile plutonic roots = fundament plutonic policrystallin grain = granul policristalin policrystallin quartz = cuar policristalin pond = eleteu, bazin, balt, lac, iaz pool = balt, bltoac, bazin, bulboan, iaz, groap, lac de acumulare, mlaitin, rezervor, pu de cercetare, zcmnt, zon adnc din albie, porosity = porozitate porous~ cavernous~ cellular fenestral p. intergranular p. moldic p. = de mulaj primary p. secundary p. shelter = protectie shrinkage p. = de contractie prin deshidratare vugs p. = vacuolar prod casts = mulaj de impact, canelura de impact prograding wedges = prisme de progradare de nivel nalt pull-apart structures = structuri de tip pull-apart

Q.
quartz = cuar quartz arenite = arenit cuaros, gresie cuaroas, cuararenit quartzite = cuarite, gresie cuaroas silty q. = cuarite siltice quiescent = linitit, calm, nemicat, inert quiscent current = curent de repaus, curent rezidual, curent invers quiscent settling = decantare lent quiscent period = perioada de linitire, perioada de oxidare n

R.
radial thrusting = ariaj radial (to) raft = a transporta n suspensie rain spots = urme de picturi de ploaie 18

raindrop imprints = rainfall = ploaie torenial, avers, cantitate de precipitaii, precipitaii atmosferice, rupere de nori, ramps = rampe range = direcie, caten, lan muntos, profil, cmpie, oscilaie, plaj, adncime de ptrundere, amplitudin, varietate ravinement = reactivare r.surface = suprafa de reactivare reaches = cursul de ap, ntindere, poriune dintre meandre, seciune, sector, zon de influen reactivation surface = suprafa de reactivare record = mrturie geological record = mrturii geologice stratigraphic record = mrturii stratigrafice sedimentary record = recrystallization recristalizare red-bed sediment = sediment de tip red-bed redox potenial (Eh) = potenial redox regressive systems tracts = cortegiu regresiv relative sea-level = nivel-(-ul mrii) relativ r.s.l.curve = curba relativa a n.m r.s.l.cycles = ciclu relativ relationship = relaie, mediu reservoirs = rezervor (de petrol, ap), colector, magazin resistant lithologies = resorption embayment = ni de coroziune reting traces = urme de odihn retrogradation = retrogradare reworking = reprelucrare rhodoliths = rodolite rhythmic succesions = secvene ritmice rhythmites = ritmite ripple = ondulare ripple index = indice de ondulare ripple cross lamination = ondulaii ale structurii interne, ondulaii ale structurii ncruciate ripple drift laminae = ondulaii cu lamine oblice continue ripple-train = tren de ondulaii wave-ripple lamination = laminaii cu ondulaii de valuri ripples = ondulaii curent ripples = ondulaii de curent climbing ripples = ondulaii ascendente wave ripples = ondulaii de valuri wind ripples = ondulaii eoliene piled ripples = ondulaii suprapuse necate rip = ap nvolburat, brizani de maree, clocot al apei, despictur, ruptur, clipocit rip current = curent de incizare rip-up = galei moi, despictur (to) rip-up = a despica, a rupe (to) rip = a canela, a despica, a inciza, a deschide, a tia rising sea level = ridicrii (nlrii) nivelului marin river = ru river bed = patul rului, albia rului river head = izvor, surs 19

river-borne = adus pe ape interioare, pe fluvii, pe ruri; transportat pe ape, pe fluvii, pe ruri river diversion = abaterea rului river mouth = gur de vrsare, confluen river flood = inundaiile rului roadcut = versantul drumului rock = roc rockfall = cderi de blocuri rock record = coloan stratigrafic, urme n roc, fosile, depozite vechi, mrturie petrografic run = albie, flux, micare, revrsare run-off = debit, v. a curge run-off rates = ratele de curgeri toreniale run-out distance = distana de curgere runnel = canal, canal de scurgere, priai, rigol, vlcea, viroag

S.
S-flowing = ru meandrat salient = ieitur, protuberan, proieminen, sample = eantion, prob sand = nisip, arenit sand rich = bogat n nisip sand sheets = pnze de nisip sandstone = gresii wave-rippled sandstone = gresii cu ondulaii de valuri pebbly sandstone = gresii conglomeratice sand drift = nisip mictor sand bank = banc de nisip sand bar = bar de nisip, banc sand flats = cmpii nisipoase, pturi de nisip sand hill = dun sand streak = apofiz de nisip sand-size = dimensiuni arenitice sand-dominated terrestrial sedimentation = sedimentare continental dominant nisipoas sands sea = mare de nisip, pnz de nisip scar = falez, mal abrupt, prpastie, stnc abrupt slump scars = faleze puternic deformate, maluri abrupte puternic deformate scarp = un aliniament de pante formate prin faliere sau eroziune (vezi: escarpment) fault scarp = aliniament faliat erosion scarp = aliniament erodat beach scarp = aliniament de plaj (to) scour = a eroda, a spla, a cura scour = eroziune, erodare, scour-and-fill structures = structuri de eroziune colmatate sea = mare seabed = fundul mrii seabed basinward of the river = fundul mrii spre bazin al rului, cursul submarin al rului sea level = nivelul mrii (ca nivel de baz) sea level change = oscilatii de nivel (ale mrii) sea page refluxion = drenaj marin la reflux seaway = mare deschis, larg, canal maritim 20

seals = ecrane (n petrol, nivele impermeabile) seaward steeping = cu naintare spre bazin (mare/ocean) section = profil, seciune sediment = sediment, depunere, depozit, rezidiuu sediment load = sarcin (debit solid, n sedimente) sediment starved basin = bazin subalimentat (aport redus de sedimente) sediment provenance = sursa sedimentelor sediment framework = sedimente bazale, structur sedimentar principal (populaie principal), scheletul sedimentului (populaia care alctuiete scheletul unui sediment) sediment supply = aport de sedimente sediment-driven flows = curgerile antrenate de sedimente sediment-laden = ncrctura sedimentar sedimentary loggin = coloan litologic sedimentary sequence = secven sedimentar sedimentary sistem = sistem sedimentar seismic facies = facies seismic sequence boundaries (SB) = limite de secven depoziional sequence stratigraphy = stratigrafie secvenial set = ansamblu, set tabular cross-set = set oblic tabular (laminaia oblic tabular) trough cross-set = set oblic concoid (laminaia oblic concoid) toeset = seturi de baz set-up = alctuire, amenajare, gelifiere, poziie, structur, sistem setting = mediu, direcia unui curent, scurgere, poziie, ambian coastal setting = mediu de coast (costal) cratonic setting = mediu cratonic environmental setting = mediu ambiental tectonic setting = mediu tectonic stable continental-interior setting = mediu continental-intern stabil extensional arc setting = mediu extensional al arcului voulcanic-arc setting = mediul, ambiana unui arc vulcanic settling = sedimentare, depunere, sediment, tasare (to) settle = a se depune, a se stabili, a se fixa shale = marn, isturi argiloase shallow marine = marin de ap puin adnc shallow water = ap puin adnc (<200 m) shallower-slope = shallowing up = de adncime din ce n ce mai mic shape = form sharp = abrupt, clar, ascuit, net shear = forfecare pure shear = forfecare pur simple shear = forfecare simpl sheet = pnz, strat sheetflood = curgere gravitaional sheet flood deposit = pnze de nisip sortat sheeted dike = dyke-uri acoperite shelf = self shelf break = ruptura de pant a elfului shelf edge = margine continental, panta continental shelf margin systems tracts = cortegiu de margine de elf (SMST) 21

shelves = elfuri shoal = banc de nisip shoaling = depunere aluvionar, formare de bancuri, nlare a fundului apei (n urma depunerilor) shoreface = zona din faa rmului, zona de rm distal barred shorface = zona barat din faa rmului shoreline = linie de rm, plaje (to) shrink = a se contracta, a se strmta, a strmta, strmtare sieve deposit = pietriuri lobate, depozite lobate silt = ml, aluviune, silt siltstone = siltite muddy s. = siltite argiloase (to) sink = a se tasa, a se scufunda, a se adnci sink = arie depresionar, ponor, dolin, plnie de eroziune site = coast, povrnii, pant, amplasament slickensides = oglinzi de friciune slide = alunecri de teren slides = deformri interne reduse sliding = alunecare, alunecare de teren, trre slip = accident, alunecare de teren, alunecare, deplasare de teren, fie, glisare strike-slip = decroare strike-slip axes (data sets) = axe de decroare slipface = fee de alunecare slope = pant, taluz, povrni (to) slump = a aluneca, a se prbui slump = deformri interne apreciabile, slump-uri, alunecare de teren, prbuire, tasare slump bedding = stratificaie de alunecare ( a sedimentelor pr versanii subacvatici) slump fault = falie gravitaional, normal slumping = surpare, prbuire, alunecare slurry = noroi, ml, lapte de ciment, suspensie, lam smooth = oglind de friciune snout = vrf, ridictur sorting = sortare source rock = roci surs subaerial erosion surfaces = suprafa de eroziune subaerian spheroidal structures (SS) = stromatolite sferoidale splay = extindere, pant, suprafa nclinat, n pant, nclinat spreading = lire, ntindere, difuzare, care se rspndete, dispersare soil = sol, teren source area = aria surs spill-over = depire (to) spill-over = a deversa spit = banc de nisip, promontoriu, limb de nisip, limb de pmnt, ieind al rmului splitting = clivaj, descompunere, dezagregare, despicare, disociere, divizare, ramificare, scindare, subdivizare spreading = difuzare, dispersie, expansiune, mprtiere stable continental-interior interpretation = interpretare continental-intern stabil stage = stadiu, perioad, faz stacking = stivuire, stive, sedimentare standing body of water = bazin cu ap stttoare (lac, mare, ocean), corp permanent de ap star dunes = dune stelare step = drum, prag steep = mal, prpastie, abrupt, rp, prpstios, rpos, povrni, povrnit, pant 22

stocked hemospheroid (SH) = structuri laminice izolate, structuri de tip Cryptozoon storey = etaj stone = piatr, pietri stoss side = panta n curent, spatele ondulaiei stracked = stratificate straight crystal face = fa dreapt de cristal, fa de cristal, fa cristalografic straight river = ru cu un curs drept (fr sinuoziti) strain = deformare, solicitare strata = strat, formaiune stratigraphic thickness = grosime stratigrafic (to) stream = a curge stream = ap curgtoare, curent, curent mareeic, curs, curs de ap, fluviu, ru, uvoi, torent, torent de lav braided stream = curs de ap mpletit flashy stream = curent de ap torenial, curs de ap torenial perennial stream = curs de ap permanent stream power = fora curentului stream channel deposit = aluviuni de canal, sub curent streambed = direcie de curgere, stratului, cureni de fund streamflood = curgeri toreniale streamflow processes = procese de curgeri toreniale stream-flow deposits = depozite toreniale stream outlet = guri de vrsare a unui curs de ap ntr-un corp de ap stttoare, curent de evacuare strength = fora strike = direcie, direcie a stratului, detectare, a imprima n relief stripping = defriare, decopert, dezvelire, explotare n carier, dizolvare stromatactis = stromatactis structural weakness = structure = structur, textur, compoziie, alctuire, organizare flame structure = structuri n form de flacr ball structure = pseudonoduli pillow structure = structuri de tip pillow structureless = fr structur, amorf structurally thickened = cumulri structurale (tectonice) stylolites = stilolite sub-wave-base sedimentation = sedimentare sub baza valurilor subject = material submarine fans = conuri submarine subsequent tectonic fragmentation = fragmentare tectonic urmtoare (subsecvent) subsequent transition = tranziie subsecvent (urmtoare) subsidence = subsiden subsiding continental environment = ambian continental subsident substantial granitic = material granitic such = cutare superimposed = suprapus supply = alimentare, aprovizionare, fuznizare, rezerv, suplinire, stoc, stare, aport rate of supply = rata de sedimentare, de alimentare (to) supply = a alimenta, a aduce, a aproviziona, a umple golurile, a da, a furniza surface legs = depozite bazale (to) surge = a curge torenial 23

surge = valuri, hul, val lung, val mare, und de oc, torent, torenial surge concentrated density flows = curgeri dense concentrate toreniale surge-like concentrated density flows = curgeri dense concentrate asemenea torenilor (de tip torenial) susteained high-density turbidity currents = cureni turbiditici foarte densi susinui swamp, marsh = mlatin swash-bar = bar din zona de spargere a valurilor sweep = cot de ru, bra, curbur, mpingere, ntindere, expansiune, scurgere rapid, sinuozitate swell = hul swing = amplitudine a oscilaiei, oscilaie syneresis cracks = crpturi de sinerez (de hidratare) system = sistem fluvial system = sistem fluviatil deltaic system = sistem deltaic systems tracts = cortegiu sedimentar

T.
tabular = plan, lamelar, n form de plci talus cones = con de taluz talus deposits = depozite de pant (aluviale) tectonic event = eveniment tectonic tectonic movement = miicare tectonic tectonic setting = poziie tectonic tepee structures = structuri tepee hidroplastice terrain = regiune, teritoriu, pmnt, sol, teren terrane = terane orogenic terrane = terane orogenice terrestrial = terestru, de pe uscat, de uscat, pmntesc = sistem terestru, continental thicker up sequence (TkUS) = secven cu strate din ce n ce mai groase thickness = grosime, densitate, strat, ptur spatial thickness = distribuia spaial a grosimii thinner = strate din ce n ce mai subiri thinner up sequence (TnUS) = secven cu strate din ce n ce mai subiri thinning = diluare, efilare, fluidizare threshold = prag (to) thrust = a scoate, a-i croi, ariaj, nclecare active thrust of the earth = presiunea efectiv a terenului breack-thrust = ariaj earth thrust = mpingerea pmntului (terenului) end thrust = fora axial radial thrust = presiunea radial thrust belt = ariaj thrust force = fora axial thrust front = frontul ariajului thrust wedge = prism de acreie tidal = referitor la (legat de) maree (flux) tidal deposits = sedimente mareice tidal range = tidal amplitude = range of tide = nlime a mareii nalte tidal flats = cmpii tidale 24

tides = maree transsgresion = transgresiune toe = baz, partea anterioar top = partea superioar, top, creast, coronament, acoperi, vrf, partea de sus, tavan top grading = granoclasare superioar tracks, trails traces = urme de traciune, trre tract = ntindere, perioad, regiune, suprafa, inut, traiect, traction structures = structuri de traciune transgression = transgresiune transgressive = transgresiv transitional = de tranziie, intermediar, de trecere = sistem de tranziie transport-parallel simple shear = transport paralel prin forfecri simple travelling = micare, mobilitate, deplasare, pasager transverse = oblic, transversal transverse bedding resilience = deformaie remanent la ncovoierea transversal transverse cross-bar = bar transversal, oblic transverse force = for de forfecare transverse movement = micare transversal transverse oscillation = oscilaie transversal transverse profile = profil frontal, transversal transverse section = seciune transversal, oblic, frontal transverse strain = dilataie transversal transverse strength = rezisten la forfecare, alunecare transverse stress = efort de ncovoiere, tensiune de ncovoiere trench = fractur major trend = orientare, direcie trough = continuu, concoid, sinclinal, canal, adncitur, albie, bazin, canal, depresiune, scobitur trough cross-bedding = stratificaie oblic concoid trough cross-lamination = laminaie oblic concoid trough fault = graben, scufundare n trepte truncation = trunchiere, ntrerupere trunk = principal trunk glacier = ghear principal trunk stream = curent principal tuff = tuf (cinerite consolidate) tumescence = umflare, ridicare regional tumescence = ridicarea regional tumidity = umfltur turbidite facies = facies turbiditic turbidites = turbidite turbidity currents = cureni de turbiditate high-density = de densitate mare low-density = de densitate sczut type section = zona de stratotip type locality = locul de stratotip

U.
unconformity = discordan, discontinuitate angular unconformity = discordan (discontinuitate) unghiular underfill = acumulare 25

underfilled basin = bazin de acumulare underflow = curent subteran, curgere subteran, debit insuficient, curgeri secundare underlying = undulose extinction = extincie ondulatorie uneven = accidentat ungraded = negranoclasate unit = liton unloading = exhumare, deshumare upland = inut muntos, regiune montan uplift = horst, falie ascendent, ridicare (to) uplift = a nla, a ridica upper flow regim = regim de curgere superior upper-intercepts = upper plane bed = partea superioar a litonului (stratului) upsteam = amonte upward = ascendent, orientat spre sus, ndreptat spre sus, upward coarsening of the formation = progradarea formaiunii upward force = for ascensional, portan upward movement = miicare ascendent unsteady-state = curgere nestaionar, variabil, neuniform; stare de regim nepermanent, variabil

V.
valley = vale valley floor = fund de vale, fundul vii, talveg valley slope = panta vii, vale nclinate, unghiul vii valley walls = perei de vale alluvial valley = vale aluvial, aluvionar anticlinal valley = vale anticlinal denudation valley = vale de denudaie erosional valley = vale de eroziune flood valley = vale inundabil rift valley = graben, rift rift-valley = viroag, vale format printr-o alunecare de teren tectonic valley = vale tectonic through valley = vale n form de albie, de covat, cu profil U, glaciar varves = varve vein = filon volcanic = vulcanic volcanic bomb = bomb vulcanic volcanic glass = sticl vulcanic, obsidian volcanic lava = lav volcanic rock = roc vulcanic, eruptiv volcanic phenocristic quartz = cuar vulcanic fenocristalin volcanic terrain = teren vulcanic volcanism = vulcanism volcano = vulcan volcano-sedimentary succession = succesiunea vulcano-sedimentar vulcanically active basin = bazin vulcanic activ

W.
26

wackes = wackes (silto-lutite masive, neorganizate) (to) warp = a deforma, a se deforma, a devia, a ncovoia, a se ncovoia, warp = deformare, deviaie, ncovoiere, nmol aluvionar, strmtoare, downwarp = deformare n jos, ncovoiere n jos wash = aluviuni washouts = caneluri de eroziune washover sheet = pnz aluvionar, de inundare outwash fan = conuri erozionale (to) washout = a eroda, a spala, a sterge water = ap waterlain deposits = depozite acvifere waterlain gravels = depozite bazale de canal watershed = cumpna apelor, bazin de ap water-laid sand = nisip depus n mediu acvatic water-laid gravel = pietri depus n mediu acvatic waterlogged = saturat cu ap, mbibat wave = val climate wave = ambiana valurilor fair-weather wave = val de vreme bun modal wave = valuri modale sand wave = val de nisip wavelength = lungime de und, lungimea de und a valului wave-driven = locul unde se sparg valurile, weakening of the plate = weakness plan = plan de fisuraie (to) wear down = a roade, a eroda weathering = alterare, degradare, dezagregare, eroziune concentric weathering = alterare (dezagregare) concentric physical weathering = dezagregare mecanic (a rocilor) result of weathering = produs de dezagregare (prin intemperii) rock weathering = eroziune/alterare/dezagregare a rocilor chemical weathering = dezagregare (alterare) chimic weathered = alterat de intemperii weathered rock = roc alterat, dezagregat weathered layer = zon de eroziune eolian (alterat) wedge = pan, prism, efilare, failure wedge = prism de alunecare wedge out = a se efila wedge-shaped peds = fundament n form de pan well = izvor, surs, origine, cavitate, scobitur, ipot, bazin particularly well = bazine particulare, individuale width = grosime a stratului (ntre baz i top), lime, ntindere, diametru wind = vnt, boare, cot, curent de aer, meandr, furtun wind regime = regim eolian winkle = cut, inegalitate within-bed stratification = stratificaie intern a litonului working = prelucrare wrench fault = falii

Y.
27

yield = debit, emisie, retragere yield stress = tensiuni de cedare

Z.

28