UNIVERSITATEA POLITEHNICA BUCURESTI

FACULTATEA DE INGINERIE AEROSPATIALA

SPECIALIZAREA: ECHIPAMENTE DE BORD

PROIECT DINAMICA ZBORULUI

BOEING 737-300

Student: Savu Bogdan Damian

Grupa: 935

Indrumator proiect:
Pana Valentin

I. Prezentare Generala:
Scurt istoric:
La inceputul anului 1980 compania BOEING incepe sa lucreze la o
noua varianta de Boeing 737 cu scopul de a mari numarul de locuri pentru
pasageri si spatial alocat bagajelor. Aceasta noua varianta de Boeing 737-300
urma sa aiba fuselajul marit si sa fie echipata cu o noua generatie de motoare
turbofan, care aveau un consum de combustibil mult redus si un nivel de
zgomot mai mic in comparative cu varianta precedenta (737-200).
Proiectul a fost dat mai departe pentru productie in martie 1981, iar in
vara anului 1982 a inceput constructia avionului. Prototipul 737-300 a facut
primul zbor pe data de 24 februarie 1984. Certificarea acestui tip de avion a
fost facuta pe 14 noiembrie 1984. Primul avion care a fost pus in serviciu de
catre compania SOWTHWEST AIRLINES pe data de 7 decembrie 1984.
Pana in aprilie 1989 au fost in total peste 790 de comenzi si 540 de
livrari catre companii din toata lumea.
Modelele Boeing 737 au fost al treilea tip de avioane care au ajuns la
vanzari de peste 1000 bucati iar in iunie 1987 a devenit cel mai bine vandut
avion commercial cand comenzile pentru toate tipurile au depasit recordul
anterior de 1831 avioane stability de Boeing 727. S-a deposit cifra de 2000 de
avioane vandute pe 3 martie 1988.
Modelul 737-300 este o versiune alungita din familia de aeronave 737
dispunanad de o lungime de 33.04 m (109 ft 7 in) . Are fuselajul asemanator
cu 737-200 numai ca varianta 300 are doua sectiuni adaugate: o parte de fuselaj
de 44 inches (1.12 m) in fata aripilor si o alta parte de 60 inches (1.52 m) in
spatele aripilor. De asemenea au fost marite si ampenajele. Modelul 737-300
are o aerodinamica noua si motoare noi pentru a imbunatati raza de actiune si a
reduce consumul.

Performante:

Viteza de croaziera: 0.745 Mach, 495 mph, 797 km-h

Viteza maxima: 0.84 Mach
Raza de actiune: - 2595 (4175 km)
Plafon de zbor: 11250 m
Caracteristici tehnice:
Greutatea: -la livrare

63048 kg

-operationala

51710 kg

-maxima de decolare

68040 kg

Tractiune: 2*95 KN CFM

International CFM 56-3C-1

Turbofans
Consum specific: 2440 kg/h
Dimensiuni generale:
Anvergura: 30.18 m
Lungime fuselaj: 32.23 m
Inaltimea cozii: 11.1 m

III. Prezentarea pachetului de calcul:

Pachetul de calcul pentru determinarea performantelor contine patru module de

calcul:
1. modulul proiectare, dispus n directorul \AFP\AER
2. modulul de analiz liniar, care prelund caracteristicile de aerodinamic i
de mas realizeaz calculul derivatelor de stabilitate
3. modulul de performane permite calculul principalelor performane de zbor
4. modulul de simulare a zborului permite simularea zborului autonom dup
un program impus, n diferite codiii de vnt sau zgomot de la senzori
1. Modulul de proiectare
Modulul de proiectare conine urmtoarele rutine: AER- programul
principal de calcul aerodinamic care asambleaz suprafeele aerodinamice
cu fuzelajul innd cont de interferenele suprafa fuzelaj i asigur ieirea
prin fiierul DCOEFA.REZ ce conine derivatele de translaie ale
coeficienilor aerodinamici cu mrimi de referin conform standardului
[XI] ntru-un triedru cu originea n vrful configuraiei, cu axa x orientat n
spate. In paralel este generat i fiierul DCOFAM.REZ ce conine derivatele
de translaie ale coeficienilor aerodinamici cu mrimi de referin conform
standardului [X2], ntr-un triedru cu originea n centrul de mas, cu axa x
orientat n fa. GEO.DAT furnizeaz sintetic principalele mrimi
geometrice care vor fi utilizate ulterior pentru simularea zborului i la
analiza indicilor de calitate. Totodat programul furnizeaz caracteristicile
masice ale aparatului care sunt grupate n fiierul MEC.DAT. Datele de
intrare, reprezentnd mrimile geometrice ale elementelor izolate i ale
ansamblului sunt coninute n fiierele cu extensia GEO, cum ar fi:
ARIPA.GEO,

FUSELAJ.GEO,

ANS.GEO,

AMPENAJO.GEO,

AMPENAJV.GEO. Numerele Mach la care se efectueaz calculul sunt

coninute n fiierul MACH.INP.

2. Modulul de analiza

Modulul este coninut n directorul ANA i conine pe lng programul

principal care asambleaz rutinele de calcul i asigur ieirea prin fiierul
ANA.REZ, rutine de calcul a derivatelor de stabilitate i a indicilor de
calitate a zborului definii conform prevederilor standardului [X4]. Fiierele
de intrare utilizate sunt: DCOEFA.REZ - coninnd caracteristicile
aerodinamice; MEC.DAT coninnd caracteristicile mecanice, GEO.DAT
coninnd principalele mrimi geometrice ale produsului, \AER\PAR.DAT.
Modulul are trei variante de lucru. Prima realizeaz un calcul de indici la
toate numerele mach indicare n fiierul AERYMACH.INP pentru avionul
plin cu combustibil iar apoi pentru avionul gol. Ieirea este prin fiierul
ANA.REZ i Al.REZ, A2.REZ.... A doua variant, realizeaz de asemenea
calculul indicilor de calitate pentru diverse numere Mach, pentru valori
masice medii. Ieirea este de asemenea prin fiierul ANA.REZ i Al.REZ,
A2.REZ... Ultima variant se realizeaz la o singur vitez de calcul, pentru
valori masice medii, determinndu-se n acest caz i matricele de reglaj.
3. Modulul de performante
Modulul de determinarea a performanelor permite calculul principalelor
performane de zbor. Modulul se gsete n directorul PER i conine rutine
similare celor din grupul de analiz: PER -programul principal care
asambleaz rutinele de calcul i asigur dialogul i ieirile. Rutine utilizate
sunt: BAZAI - pentru zborul nclinat i limita din dreapta a anvelopei de
zbor orizontal, BAZA2 - pentru limita din stnga a zborului orizontal. ATM
- calculul atmosferei standard, CIT - pentru citirea datelor de intrare, DER
- care realizeaz calculul termenilor de dezvoltare a coeficienilor
aerodinamici prin interpolare liniar.
Intrrile n modul sunt cele de proiectare din fiierul DCOEFA.RRZ,
mecanice din fiierul MEC.DAT, PAR.DAT i specifice aplicaiei, grupate
n fiierele PARI .DAT i PAR2.DAT.
Fiierele de ieire sunt: PER1.REZ - anvelopa de zbor orizontal pentru
nceputul zborului; (M,Zp), PER2.REZ - anvelopa de zbor orizontal pentru
sfritul duratei de zbor (M,Zp); PER3.REZ - diagramele de zbor nclinat
(M cos(gama), M sin(gama)).
4. Modulul de simulare

Modulul de simulare a zborului permite determinarea parametrilor

micrii autonome a aparatului de zbor, prin integrarea numeric a
ecuaiilor micrii generale. Fiierele de intrare necesare sunt din modulul
de proiectare: GEO.DAT- pentru mrimi geometrice; MEC.DAT - pentru
mrimi mecanice; DCOEFA.REZ - pentru caracteristicile aerodinamice;
PAR.DAT.
IV. Modulul de proiectare aerodinamica:
Date necesare pentru modulul de proiectare:

Geometrie aripa
Coarda la incastrare
Coarda la extremitate
Anvergura suprafetei
reduse
Unghiul de sageata in
bordul de atac
Grosimea maxima la
incastrare
Grosimea maxima la
extremitate
Pozitia grosimii maxime la
incastrare
Pozitia grosimii maxime la
extremitate
Unghiul profilului in unghiul
de atac
Unghiul profilului in bordul
de fuga
Suprafata mobila
Pozitia axei de rotatie
Unghiul de sageata in
bordul de atac
Semianvergura
Coarda medie
Distanta de la ax la coarda
medie
Geometrie ampenaj
orizontal
Coarda la inacstrare
Coarda la extremitate
Anvergura suprafetei
reduse
Unghiul de sageata in

6.91 m
1.62 m
30.19 m
25
1.03 m
0.23 m
1.82 m
0.40 m
30
15
0.1 m
15
4.69 m
0.68 m
11.69 m

3.31 m
1.52 m
12.7 m
30

bordul de atac
Grosimea maxima la
incastrare
Grosimea maxima la
extremitate
Pozitia grosimii maxime la
incastrare
Pozitia grosimii maxime la
extremitate
Unghiul profilului in unghiul
de atac
Unghiul profilului in bordul
de fuga
Suprafata mobila
Pozitia axei de rotatie
Unghiul de sageata in
bordul de atac
Semianvergura
Coarda medie
Distanta de la ax la coarda
medie
Geometrie ampenaj
vertical
Coarda la inacstrare
Coarda la extremitate
Anvergura suprafetei
reduse
Unghiul de sageata in
bordul de atac
Grosimea maxima la
incastrare
Grosimea maxima la
extremitate
Pozitia grosimii maxime la
incastrare
Pozitia grosimii maxime la
extremitate
Unghiul profilului in unghiul
de atac
Unghiul profilului in bordul
de fuga
Suprafata mobila
Pozitia axei de rotatie
Unghiul de sageata in
bordul de atac
Semianvergura

0.53 m
0.23 m
0.82 m
0.38 m
35
14
0.32 m
20
4.20 m
0.58 m
5.27 m

5.2 m
1.59 m
8.99 m
40
0.62 m
0.26 m
1.04 m
0.32 m
40
0
0.33m
15
3.19 m

Coarda medie
Distanta de la ax la coarda
medie

1.20 m
4.27 m

Geometrie fuselaj
Diametru fuselaj
Lungime fuselaj
Diametru fuselaj in dreptul
ampenajului
Lungime varf
Raza de rotunjire varf
Lungime parte posterioara
Raza portiunii terminale
Forma varfului
Forma partii posterioare
Geometrie ansamblu
Distanta la ampenajul
vertical
Distanta la aripa
Distanta la ampenajul
orizontal
Unghiul de calaj al aripii
Unghiul diedru al aripii
Unghiul de calaj al
ampenajului oriz.
Pozitia aripii
Pozitia ampenajului
orizontal
Inaltime de calcul

3.78 m
32.2 m
3.78 m
4.01 m
0.50 m
6.34 m
0.4 m
3
2

26.25 m
11.6 m
27.94 m
-0.5
6
-0.3
-1.2 m
0.5 m
1000 m

Numere
Mach
0.04 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.23 0.28 0.34 0.40 0.46
0.52 0.56 0.60 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.80 0.84
Gradul de
Parametrii Densitate Densitate
structura combustibil umplere a
Masici
[kg/m3]

[kg/m3]

188.00

260.00

Corectie
centraj [m]
rezervorului (pozitiv in
cu
spate)
combustibil
0.55
0.20

Rezultate proiect aerodinamica:

Caracteristici mecanice:
xcmi [m]

15.870

xcmf [m]

16.233

ami [Kg]

68842.602

amf [Kg]

51556.948

ajxi [Kg*m**2] 2089947.289

ajxf [Kg*m**2] 2052550.615
ajyi [Kg*m**2] 6654552.988
ajyf [Kg*m**2] 3902768.271
ajzi [Kg*m**2] 8561333.578
ajzf [Kg*m**2] 5697289.764
ajci [Kg*m**2]

12512.430

ajcf [Kg*m**2]

3573.768

Masele, centrele de masa si momentele de inertie:

1. varf fuzelaj 3604.604; 0.000; 3.008; 3862.802;

4104.991;

4104.991

2. fuzelaj central gol

40773.344; 4.010; 14.935; 95254.606; **********; **********
3. fuzelaj posterior
7160.468; 25.860; 27.825; 7743.520; 19832.350; 19832.350
4. combustibil
67975.655; 4.010; 14.935; 37396.674; **********; **********
5. aripa 1 oriz.
4390.508; 11.600; 12.534; 337174.368; 3034.909; 339266.510
6. aripa 2 oriz.
4390.508; 11.600; 12.534; 337174.368; 3034.909; 339266.510
7. ampenaj 1 oriz.
951.683;

27.940;

28.763; 6690.524; 277.371; 6929.019;

27.940;

28.763; 6690.524; 277.371; 6929.019;

26.250;

27.089; 4470.202; 4633.028; 227.055;

8. ampenaj 2 oriz.
951.683;
9. ampenaj vert.
825.150;

ami= **********
amf=

**********

xcmi=

15.62784

xcmf=

16.37482

ajxi= **********
ajxf= **********
ajyi= **********
ajyf= **********
ajzi= **********
ajzf= **********
ajci= **********
ajcf= 3573.76753
el=

32.20000

NR. DE POLARE : 18
XMACH 0.4000000E-01 0.8000000E-01 0.1200000E+00 0.1700000E+00
0.2300000E+00 0.2800000E+00 0.3400000E+00 0.4000000E+00 0.4600000E+00
0.5200000E+00 0.5600000E+00 0.6000000E+00 0.6400000E+00
0.6800000E+00 0.7200000E+00 0.7600000E+00 0.8000000E+00 0.8400000E+00
Cx0a 0.2417412E+00 0.2210976E+00 0.2119127E+00 0.2059756E+00
0.2025298E+00 0.2012776E+00 0.2009217E+00 0.2013836E+00 0.2024052E+00
0.2037527E+00 0.2047245E+00 0.2058221E+00 0.2070325E+00
0.2083478E+00 0.2097646E+00 0.5044061E+00 0.9633422E+00 0.1427177E+01
Cx0p 0.2430092E+00 0.2224365E+00 0.2132887E+00 0.2073796E+00
0.2039545E+00 0.2027139E+00 0.2023684E+00 0.2028390E+00 0.2038694E+00
0.2052272E+00 0.2062077E+00 0.2073158E+00 0.2085396E+00
0.2098719E+00 0.2113101E+00 0.5059793E+00 0.9646708E+00 0.1428438E+01
Cx2a 0.2444744E+01 0.2474930E+01 0.2523264E+01 0.2611583E+01
0.2762173E+01 0.2929067E+01 0.3270877E+01 0.3638848E+01 0.4107006E+01
0.4697700E+01 0.5173916E+01 0.5737919E+01 0.6013413E+01
0.6741023E+01 0.7627758E+01 0.7819698E+01 0.8831734E+01 0.1018121E+02
Cx2b 0.5029087E+01 0.5042507E+01 0.5059624E+01 0.5088570E+01
0.5135868E+01 0.5186767E+01 0.5347458E+01 0.5479206E+01 0.5641959E+01
0.5841845E+01 0.5999888E+01 0.6181726E+01 0.5994567E+01
0.6156321E+01 0.6341928E+01 0.6525699E+01 0.6263712E+01 0.6592257E+01
Cx2de 0.5315095E+01 0.5319627E+01 0.5329183E+01 0.5349266E+01
0.5386236E+01 0.5428605E+01 0.5494710E+01 0.5579347E+01 0.5685282E+01
0.5793198E+01 0.5849531E+01 0.5919270E+01 0.6004524E+01
0.6108001E+01 0.6233221E+01 0.6069664E+01 0.6185231E+01 0.6352325E+01

Cx2da 0.1246456E+02 0.1248839E+02 0.1252918E+02 0.1260452E+02

0.1273258E+02 0.1287318E+02 0.1308707E+02 0.1335701E+02 0.1369288E+02
0.1410852E+02 0.1443931E+02 0.1482201E+02 0.1526692E+02
0.1578780E+02 0.1640342E+02 0.1671643E+02 0.1746980E+02 0.1843852E+02
Cx2dr 0.3954369E+01 0.3963092E+01 0.3973405E+01 0.3990350E+01
0.4017628E+01 0.4046712E+01 0.4089918E+01 0.4143053E+01 0.4207247E+01
0.4283940E+01 0.4342910E+01 0.4408932E+01 0.4482826E+01
0.4565583E+01 0.4658414E+01 0.4762812E+01 0.4580073E+01 0.4758517E+01
Cxa -0.1160534E+01-0.1162595E+01-0.1166173E+01-0.1172851E+010.1184281E+01-0.1196881E+01-0.1216093E+01-0.1240374E+01-0.1270604E+01
-0.1307364E+01-0.1335794E+01-0.1368813E+01-0.1407316E+010.1452496E+01-0.1505976E+01-0.1526814E+01-0.1591207E+01-0.1674524E+01
Cz0 -0.5709266E+00-0.5717364E+00-0.5731708E+00-0.5758620E+000.5804724E+00-0.5855472E+00-0.5932630E+00-0.6029704E+00-0.6149841E+00
-0.6294362E+00-0.6404687E+00-0.6532044E+00-0.6679490E+000.6851041E+00-0.7052082E+00-0.7137919E+00-0.7383505E+00-0.7698239E+00
Cza 0.8280107E+02 0.8290802E+02 0.8310037E+02 0.8346446E+02
0.8409176E+02 0.8478443E+02 0.8594508E+02 0.8732021E+02 0.8902412E+02
0.9105129E+02 0.9256881E+02 0.9432845E+02 0.9587730E+02
0.9816276E+02 0.1008457E+03 0.1018226E+03 0.1050561E+03 0.1092217E+03
Cyb 0.1229394E+02 0.1231091E+02 0.1233314E+02 0.1237108E+02
0.1243331E+02 0.1250026E+02 0.1270593E+02 0.1287616E+02 0.1308571E+02
0.1334202E+02 0.1354391E+02 0.1377546E+02 0.1354557E+02
0.1375148E+02 0.1398671E+02 0.1417710E+02 0.1414166E+02 0.1456420E+02
Czde -0.5081775E+01-0.5084256E+01-0.5090555E+01-0.5104663E+010.5131432E+01-0.5162529E+01-0.5211366E+01-0.5274041E+01-0.5352430E+01
-0.5427438E+01-0.5459483E+01-0.5500987E+01-0.5553304E+010.5618150E+01-0.5697729E+01-0.5574540E+01-0.5642672E+01-0.5746571E+01
Cydr -0.2612215E+01-0.2616472E+01-0.2621234E+01-0.2628885E+010.2641071E+01-0.2653984E+01-0.2673072E+01-0.2696416E+01-0.2724441E+01
-0.2757679E+01-0.2783061E+01-0.2811301E+01-0.2842690E+010.2877578E+01-0.2916384E+01-0.2959621E+01-0.2888933E+01-0.2968606E+01
Cyda 0.1294340E+01 0.1296347E+01 0.1299833E+01 0.1306291E+01
0.1317259E+01 0.1329274E+01 0.1347484E+01 0.1370351E+01 0.1398620E+01
0.1433326E+01 0.1460732E+01 0.1492206E+01 0.1528491E+01
0.1570563E+01 0.1619737E+01 0.1646422E+01 0.1707546E+01 0.1785278E+01
Cza1 0.4536721E+00 0.4548186E+00 0.4566929E+00 0.4601889E+00
0.4662117E+00 0.4728881E+00 0.4830279E+00 0.4958837E+00 0.5118556E+00
0.5304832E+00 0.5438550E+00 0.5594105E+00 0.5775400E+00
0.5987548E+00 0.6237381E+00 0.6070170E+00 0.6398596E+00 0.6831191E+00
Cyb1 0.1686556E-01 0.1691781E-01 0.1698766E-01 0.1710797E-01 0.1730648E01 0.1752131E-01 0.1784195E-01 0.1824211E-01 0.1873175E-01

0.1932559E-01 0.1978900E-01 0.2031527E-01 0.2091424E-01 0.2159853E-01

0.2238464E-01 0.2246661E-01 0.2261681E-01 0.2412385E-01
Cyp -0.1504975E+01-0.1506729E+01-0.1510165E+01-0.1516697E+010.1527886E+01-0.1540166E+01-0.1558768E+01-0.1582079E+01-0.1610804E+01
-0.1645922E+01-0.1673539E+01-0.1705131E+01-0.1741390E+010.1783222E+01-0.1831842E+01-0.1861420E+01-0.1905252E+01-0.1984640E+01
Cm0 0.3095302E+00 0.3098527E+00 0.3105434E+00 0.3119013E+00
0.3142756E+00 0.3169129E+00 0.3210438E+00 0.3262539E+00 0.3327814E+00
0.3406136E+00 0.3465043E+00 0.3533864E+00 0.3614341E+00
0.3708687E+00 0.3819770E+00 0.3843488E+00 0.3972654E+00 0.4127977E+00
Cma -0.4666564E+02-0.4672013E+02-0.4682093E+02-0.4701498E+020.4735290E+02-0.4772826E+02-0.4833515E+02-0.4908049E+02-0.5001382E+02
-0.5110987E+02-0.5190403E+02-0.5283725E+02-0.5389149E+020.5517261E+02-0.5668472E+02-0.5711775E+02-0.5890566E+02-0.6119885E+02
Cnb 0.8208071E+01 0.8221028E+01 0.8237078E+01 0.8263948E+01
0.8307605E+01 0.8354363E+01 0.8444732E+01 0.8536466E+01 0.8648947E+01
0.8785697E+01 0.8892576E+01 0.9013992E+01 0.9109953E+01
0.9258417E+01 0.9427324E+01 0.9581782E+01 0.9497531E+01 0.9806001E+01
Cmde 0.4762669E+01 0.4764994E+01 0.4770898E+01 0.4784120E+01
0.4809208E+01 0.4838353E+01 0.4884647E+01 0.4944027E+01 0.5018631E+01
0.5090771E+01 0.5122518E+01 0.5163605E+01 0.5215363E+01
0.5279447E+01 0.5357937E+01 0.5246094E+01 0.5314434E+01 0.5416384E+01
Cndr -0.2330743E+01-0.2334542E+01-0.2338790E+01-0.2345617E+010.2356490E+01-0.2368011E+01-0.2385361E+01-0.2406576E+01-0.2432264E+01
-0.2463027E+01-0.2486716E+01-0.2513247E+01-0.2542915E+010.2576054E+01-0.2613041E+01-0.2654296E+01-0.2593460E+01-0.2667489E+01
Cnda 0.6268648E+00 0.6278367E+00 0.6295251E+00 0.6326526E+00
0.6379648E+00 0.6437836E+00 0.6528461E+00 0.6642204E+00 0.6784481E+00
0.6961412E+00 0.7102626E+00 0.7266104E+00 0.7455876E+00
0.7677071E+00 0.7936355E+00 0.8088302E+00 0.8411503E+00 0.8817252E+00
Cma1 -0.4251842E+00-0.4262587E+00-0.4280153E+00-0.4312918E+000.4369364E+00-0.4431935E+00-0.4527452E+00-0.4648546E+00-0.4799342E+00
-0.4975771E+00-0.5102876E+00-0.5251012E+00-0.5423944E+000.5626576E+00-0.5865405E+00-0.5712522E+00-0.6026385E+00-0.6438685E+00
Cnb1 0.1504826E-01 0.1509488E-01 0.1515720E-01 0.1526455E-01 0.1544167E01 0.1563335E-01 0.1592156E-01 0.1628125E-01 0.1672290E-01
0.1726069E-01 0.1768184E-01 0.1816145E-01 0.1870873E-01 0.1933536E-01
0.2005634E-01 0.2014887E-01 0.2030362E-01 0.2167688E-01
Cnp -0.8780963E+00-0.8790177E+00-0.8808694E+00-0.8844059E+000.8904708E+00-0.8971249E+00-0.9074521E+00-0.9203648E+00-0.9364175E+00
-0.9562277E+00-0.9719228E+00-0.9899700E+00-0.1010764E+010.1034800E+01-0.1062716E+01-0.1081897E+01-0.1101765E+01-0.1147680E+01

Clp 0.2894122E+01 0.2897894E+01 0.2905162E+01 0.2918961E+01

0.2942633E+01 0.2968664E+01 0.3008190E+01 0.3057859E+01 0.3119268E+01
0.3194234E+01 0.3252903E+01 0.3320325E+01 0.3398080E+01
0.3488243E+01 0.3593601E+01 0.3646147E+01 0.3774872E+01 0.3941503E+01
Clda -0.3029240E+01-0.3033937E+01-0.3042096E+01-0.3057209E+010.3082880E+01-0.3110998E+01-0.3153618E+01-0.3207134E+01-0.3273295E+01
-0.3354519E+01-0.3418660E+01-0.3492321E+01-0.3577240E+010.3675704E+01-0.3790792E+01-0.3853245E+01-0.3996296E+01-0.4178220E+01
Cldr 0.3033410E+00 0.3038354E+00 0.3043883E+00 0.3052769E+00
0.3066919E+00 0.3081914E+00 0.3104080E+00 0.3131187E+00 0.3163731E+00
0.3202329E+00 0.3231804E+00 0.3264597E+00 0.3301048E+00
0.3341560E+00 0.3386623E+00 0.3436832E+00 0.3354746E+00 0.3447266E+00
Clb -0.1536021E+01-0.1537727E+01-0.1541109E+01-0.1547551E+010.1558592E+01-0.1570708E+01-0.1589052E+01-0.1612020E+01-0.1640293E+01
-0.1674812E+01-0.1701922E+01-0.1732895E+01-0.1768394E+010.1809286E+01-0.1856725E+01-0.1886485E+01-0.1924019E+01-0.2002307E+01
CZAf 0.1665677E+01 0.1665677E+01 0.1665677E+01 0.1665677E+01
0.1665677E+01 0.1665677E+01 0.1771195E+01 0.1817403E+01 0.1875934E+01
0.1950062E+01 0.2010491E+01 0.2082096E+01 0.1671029E+01
0.1671029E+01 0.1671029E+01 0.1671029E+01 0.1671029E+01 0.1671644E+01
CZAa 0.4591599E+01 0.4597955E+01 0.4609952E+01 0.4632590E+01
0.4671305E+01 0.4713818E+01 0.4778330E+01 0.4859384E+01 0.4959620E+01
0.5082697E+01 0.5179898E+01 0.5291530E+01 0.5420226E+01
0.5569452E+01 0.5743872E+01 0.5838546E+01 0.6055350E+01 0.6331064E+01
CZAo 0.4076594E+01 0.4080735E+01 0.4089257E+01 0.4105598E+01
0.4133633E+01 0.4164357E+01 0.4210753E+01 0.4268603E+01 0.4339421E+01
0.4425254E+01 0.4492152E+01 0.4568004E+01 0.4654144E+01
0.4752259E+01 0.4864518E+01 0.4816286E+01 0.4972816E+01 0.5167470E+01
CZAv 0.2988442E+01 0.2989920E+01 0.2993728E+01 0.3001299E+01
0.3014401E+01 0.3028734E+01 0.3050226E+01 0.3076718E+01 0.3108656E+01
0.3146623E+01 0.3175649E+01 0.3207962E+01 0.3243892E+01
0.3283837E+01 0.3328275E+01 0.3377792E+01 0.3297299E+01 0.3388436E+01
XFfb 0.7278459E-01 0.7277322E-01 0.7276185E-01 0.7274763E-01 0.7273058E01 0.7271636E-01 0.7918810E-01 0.7931039E-01 0.7946236E-01
0.7964822E-01 0.7979374E-01 0.7995913E-01 0.7878103E-01 0.7876966E-01
0.7875828E-01 0.7874691E-01 0.7873553E-01 0.7872621E-01
XFab 0.4843123E+00 0.4843123E+00 0.4843123E+00 0.4843123E+00
0.4843123E+00 0.4843123E+00 0.4844925E+00 0.4847082E+00 0.4850839E+00
0.4856825E+00 0.4862374E+00 0.4869370E+00 0.4877934E+00
0.4888103E+00 0.4899779E+00 0.4912653E+00 0.4926078E+00 0.4938866E+00
XFob 0.9372059E+00 0.9372059E+00 0.9372059E+00 0.9372059E+00
0.9372059E+00 0.9372059E+00 0.9373064E+00 0.9374266E+00 0.9376360E+00

0.9379696E+00 0.9382789E+00 0.9386688E+00 0.9391460E+00

0.9397128E+00 0.9403636E+00 0.9410811E+00 0.9418293E+00 0.9425420E+00
XFvb 0.8922478E+00 0.8922478E+00 0.8922478E+00 0.8922478E+00
0.8922478E+00 0.8922478E+00 0.8923668E+00 0.8925092E+00 0.8927570E+00
0.8931521E+00 0.8935183E+00 0.8939800E+00 0.8945451E+00
0.8952162E+00 0.8959868E+00 0.8968364E+00 0.8977224E+00 0.8985663E+00
Eo 0.7284924E-01 0.7295602E-01 0.7312419E-01 0.7342773E-01 0.7393704E-01
0.7449060E-01 0.7532344E-01 0.7635980E-01 0.7762716E-01
0.7916234E-01 0.8035853E-01 0.8171463E-01 0.8325453E-01 0.8500842E-01
0.8701510E-01 0.8615079E-01 0.8894896E-01 0.9242884E-01
Ev 0.7656763E-02 0.7667986E-02 0.7685662E-02 0.7717566E-02 0.7771096E-02
0.7829277E-02 0.7916813E-02 0.8025739E-02 0.8158943E-02
0.8320297E-02 0.8446021E-02 0.8588554E-02 0.8750404E-02 0.8934745E-02
0.9145655E-02 0.9054813E-02 0.9348913E-02 0.9714663E-02
ANfa 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
ANFo 0.9737133E+00 0.9726015E+00 0.9714897E+00 0.9701000E+00
0.9684323E+00 0.9670425E+00 0.9653844E+00 0.9637294E+00 0.9620852E+00
0.9566520E+00 0.9479801E+00 0.9393401E+00 0.9307403E+00
0.9221885E+00 0.9136910E+00 0.9029134E+00 0.8852072E+00 0.8675756E+00
ANFv 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01 0.1000000E+01
Cx/M 0.0000000E+00-0.3728555E+00-0.1803421E+00-0.9087322E-010.3976530E-01-0.1635689E-01 0.8836142E-03 0.1236247E-01 0.1974243E-01
0.2356090E-01 0.2586706E-01 0.2884942E-01 0.3157220E-01 0.3415102E-01
0.3700729E+01 0.9419720E+01 0.1153464E+02 0.0000000E+00
Cza/M 0.0000000E+00 0.3741249E+01 0.5907899E+01 0.8724208E+01
0.1230867E+02 0.1634920E+02 0.2113148E+02 0.2565868E+02 0.3109234E+02
0.3627730E+02 0.4096453E+02 0.4135607E+02 0.4792884E+02
0.6210444E+02 0.4574857E+02 0.5263078E+02 0.9248844E+02 0.0000000E+00
Czd/M 0.0000000E+00-0.1097520E+00-0.2128942E+00-0.3566991E+000.5420391E+00-0.7092198E+00-0.9292666E+00-0.1175533E+01-0.1278303E+01
-0.9807344E+00-0.9193720E+00-0.1172757E+01-0.1464530E+010.1805319E+01 0.5451276E+00 0.6882127E+00-0.2150389E+01 0.0000000E+00
Cma/M 0.0000000E+00-0.1941109E+01-0.3124949E+01-0.4676907E+010.6654845E+01-0.8692437E+01-0.1126858E+02-0.1398897E+02-0.1691146E+02
-0.1921938E+02-0.2159233E+02-0.2484330E+02-0.2919202E+020.3491533E+02-0.2431420E+02-0.2776180E+02-0.5101377E+02 0.0000000E+00

Cmd/M 0.0000000E+00 0.1028602E+00 0.1995257E+00 0.3343005E+00

0.5080022E+00 0.6686519E+00 0.8806139E+00 0.1116535E+01 0.1222874E+01
0.9571318E+00 0.9104200E+00 0.1160569E+01 0.1448026E+01
0.1782172E+01-0.4169196E+00-0.5437872E+00 0.2128634E+01 0.0000000E+00
FO 0.5635875E+00 0.5635176E+00 0.5634263E+00 0.5632934E+00
0.5631099E+00 0.5629366E+00 0.5623957E+00 0.5620748E+00 0.5618008E+00
0.5613305E+00 0.5607075E+00 0.5601412E+00 0.5620881E+00
0.5620524E+00 0.5620938E+00 0.5609533E+00 0.5607066E+00 0.5603176E+00
FV 0.6676517E+00 0.6677839E+00 0.6678819E+00 0.6680052E+00
0.6681735E+00 0.6683350E+00 0.6646292E+00 0.6629667E+00 0.6609458E+00
0.6584985E+00 0.6565738E+00 0.6543512E+00 0.6725411E+00
0.6732672E+00 0.6740204E+00 0.6758631E+00 0.6715996E+00 0.6732948E+00
Cmsae 0.1530297E-01 0.1532669E-01 0.1536791E-01 0.1544426E-01 0.1557394E01 0.1571599E-01 0.1593129E-01 0.1620164E-01 0.1653587E-01
0.1694619E-01 0.1727022E-01 0.1764234E-01 0.1807133E-01 0.1856874E-01
0.1915014E-01 0.1946563E-01 0.2018829E-01 0.2110733E-01
Cmsde 0.1345941E-01 0.1348028E-01 0.1351653E-01 0.1358368E-01 0.1369774E01 0.1382267E-01 0.1401204E-01 0.1424982E-01 0.1454378E-01
0.1490467E-01 0.1518966E-01 0.1551695E-01 0.1589426E-01 0.1633176E-01
0.1684311E-01 0.1712060E-01 0.1775620E-01 0.1856451E-01
Cmsap-0.1757095E-01-0.1757953E-01-0.1760131E-01-0.1765009E-010.1774265E-01-0.1785017E-01-0.1801903E-01-0.1823574E-01-0.1850678E-01
-0.1876613E-01-0.1887693E-01-0.1902044E-01-0.1920133E-01-0.1942554E-010.1970070E-01-0.1927476E-01-0.1951033E-01-0.1986958E-01
Cmsdp-0.1380917E-01-0.1381591E-01-0.1383303E-01-0.1387137E-010.1394411E-01-0.1402861E-01-0.1416132E-01-0.1433163E-01-0.1454465E-01
-0.1474847E-01-0.1483555E-01-0.1494834E-01-0.1509050E-01-0.1526671E-010.1548296E-01-0.1514821E-01-0.1533335E-01-0.1561568E-01
Cmsad-0.1454402E-02-0.1456773E-02-0.1459424E-02-0.1463684E-020.1470468E-02-0.1477658E-02-0.1488286E-02-0.1501283E-02-0.1516886E-02
-0.1535393E-02-0.1549524E-02-0.1565247E-02-0.1582724E-02-0.1602148E-020.1623754E-02-0.1647828E-02-0.1608471E-02-0.1652830E-02
Cmsdd-0.1081528E-02-0.1083291E-02-0.1085262E-02-0.1088430E-020.1093475E-02-0.1098822E-02-0.1106725E-02-0.1116390E-02-0.1127993E-02
-0.1141754E-02-0.1152263E-02-0.1163955E-02-0.1176951E-02-0.1191396E-020.1207462E-02-0.1225364E-02-0.1196097E-02-0.1229084E-02

Diagramele rezultate:
Termenii coeficientului fortei axiale Cx:

Derivata coeficientului fortei normale in raport cu unghiul de incidenta

Cz si derivate coeficientului fortei transversale in raport cu unghiul de deriva
Cy.

Derivata coeficientului momentului de tangaj cu unghiul de incidenta si

derivata coeficientului momentului de giratie cu unghiul de deriva.

Termeni de comanda:

Model de calcul pentru fuselaj izolat:

1. Elementele geometrice ale fuzelajului
Codificarea tipurilor de vrfuri:
1- con
2- sfer
3- con + sfer
4- ogiv
5- ogiv + sfer

l
l
l
; V = V ; Cil = Cil ;
d
d
d

P =

lP ~
2r
; rV = V .
d
d

2. C z - Derivata coeficientului forei normale

Cp =
+

p p
V2

Relaia de calcul pentru derivata coeficientului forei portante este:

C z = C zV
+cil + C zpost

unde termenul datorat vrfului n compresibil se alege din diagrame

zV + cil

incompresibil subsonic
2

2
cil compresibil subsonic sau supersonic
M 2 1
= 1 M
f
,
V
V
V

C zcon
+cil fig. 4.3-a;

C zogiv
+cil

fig. 4.3-b; C zsfera +cil

Dac vrful are o rotunjire sferic se utilizeaz relaia:

C zV
+cil = C con 0
z

ogiva

+cil

(1 ~
rv 2 ) + ~
rv 2 C zsf
+cil

Pentru calculul termenului posterior se utilizeaz relaia:

S

C zpost
= 2 K term 1
S

unde:

K = 0,15...0,2

MOTOR IN
FUNCTIUNE

MOTOR OPRIT

Sterm

S iesire
gaze

dp
S term

n cazul motorului n funciune se calculeaz un diametru posterior echivalent:

dp =

4 S term

3. C x 0 - Coeficientul forei axiale la inciden nul

Expresia general a coeficientului forei axiale la inciden nul este:

C x0

C x 0 profil

= C x 0 frecare + C x 0 forma + C x 0 post subsonic
C
x 0 frecare + C x 0unda + C x 0 post supersonic

La rndul termenul datorat rezistenei posterioare are dou forme:

C x 0 post activ cu motorul in functiune

C x 0 post =
C x 0 post pasiv cu motorul oprit

Termenul de profil n subsonic, respectiv de frecare n supersonic au

urmtoarele expresii:
S lat
subsonic
S
S
= C f M lat supersonic
S

C x 0 profil = C f M

C x 0 frecare

Coeficientul de frecare al plcii plane depinde de punctul de tranziie i de

Reynolds:
C f = C flam ~
x + C fturbulent (1 ~
x )

Punctul de tranziie se definete astfel:

x Re cr
~
x =
=
l
Re

unde :
Re =

Vl
Mla
=
; Re cr 5 10 6

laminar

turbulent

Pentru punctul de tranziie se poate aplica relaia:

0,9 M
M < 0,9
~x =
8
0 M > 0,9

Relaiile de calcul pentru coeficientul de frecare al plcii plane n laminar i

turbulent sunt:
C fla min ar =

C fturbulent

1,328
Re

0,074
Re < 106

0, 2
Re

0,455
=
106 < Re < 109
2 , 58
(log10 Re)
0,0315
9
10
Re 0,145 10 < Re < 10

Factorii de corecie au urmtoarele expresii:

n subsonic corecia de alungire este:
= 1 +

iar corecia de compresibilitate:

60
+ 0,0025 , (4.45)
3

M =

1
1 + 0,1M

Pentru corecia de compresibilitate se pot utiliza i diagramele.

M = f ( M , F )

n supersonic se utilizeaz diagramele:

M = f ( M , ~
x *)
= f ( M , V )

Termenul posterior are urmtoarele expresii:

1, 5

0,029 S term
subsonic

S
C

x 0 profil
C x 0 post =
S term 1

1
,
144
K
(
2

K
)
supersonic
p
p

S M2
unde:
k =1,86 0,176 1 M

Kp = M

Termenul de und este dat de:

C xu = C

xu

con
ogiva

+0,01 1 M

Sterm 1
S

(1 ~
rv 2 cos 2 V ) + C xusf ~
rv 2

unde termenii expresiei se iau din diagrame :

C xucon = f ( M , V )

C xuogiva = f ( M , V )
C xusf = f ( M , V = 0,5)

4.

1 2C x
- Coeficientul forei axiale induse
2 2

Pentru acest termen se aplic relaia:

1 2C x
= K x C z ,
2
2
unde:
M < 1,2
0,8
2,5 +
Kx =
V
M > 1,2
1 + V

Grafice rezultate la modulul de aerodinamica:

V. Modulul de analiza:
Rezultate la modulul analiza:
Tipul analizei:
1. Analiza la un singur numar Mach si analiza raspunsului
Viteza de calcul 200.0
Dpmax=20.00
Mach = 0.60
Alfa = 3.068
Delta = 6.849

2. Analiza la toate numerele Mach cu reprezentare indici

VI. Modulul de performanta:

Prin determinarea vitezelor minime respectiv maxime la
diferite inaltimi, se poate trasa anvelopa de zbor orizontal
corespunzatoare starii initiale si finale de incarcare a avionului.
Zbor orizontal la viteza maxima:
Pentru stabilirea vitezei de zbor orizontal la o inaltime data se pleaca de
la urmatoarele date:

-procedeu iterative peste toate relatiile deoarece coeficientii aerodinamici sunt

dependenti de Mach,

Solutia obtinuta trebuie sa verifice conditiile:

Zbor orizontal la viteza minima:

Pentru determinarea vitezei minime se impugn conditiile:

-procedeu iterative peste toate relatiile deoarece coeficientii aerodinamici sunt

dependenti de Mach.

Solutia obtinuta trebuie sa verifice conditiile:

Grafice obtinute la modulul de performanta:

VII Modulul de simulare:

Modulul de simulare a zborului permite determinarea parametrilor

micrii autonome a aparatului de zbor. Se analizeaza parametrii de zbor
corespunzatori unei evolutii.

Rezultate obtinute la modulul de simulare:

Durata simularii: 60 s
Viteza initiala: 200
Plafon : 1000 m
Tipul evolutiei:
1. Zbor orizontal:

2. Sandela

3. Picaj

4. Tonou

VIII. Bibliografie:
-Internet: www.boeing.com
-Dinamica Zborului-Note de curs - Conf. dr. ing. Teodor-Viorel
CHELARU
-Dinamica Zborului-Proiectarea avionului fara pilot - Conf. dr.
ing. Teodor-Viorel CHELARU, Editura Printech, Bucuresti 2003

CUPRINS

I. PREZENTARE GENERALA
II. MODELUL DE LA PROIECTARE AERODINAMICA SI SCHITA
COTATA
III. PREZENTAREA PACHETULUI DE CALCUL
IV. MODULUL DE PROIECTARE AERODINAMICA
V. MODULUL DE ANALIZA
VI. MODULUL DE PERFORMANTA
VII. MODULUL DE SIMULARE
VIII. BIBLIOGRAFIE