Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Abstract: In the prisoners approach, the vision of the specialist becomes essential:
In front of me what do I see a person with an identity of its own or simply, the
object of my activity? It is desirable to give him credit in order to cause the
beginning of a certain responsibility, to give him the possibility to show himself
worthy of a new chance. The legal offence is actually, for the most part, an
expression of deep discontent. It is that terrible silent shout that tries to break the
others indifference pain that is so often assimilated as a thoughtless gesture,
underneath which lies a whole history of wounds, repressed by the defendant. One
cannot speak of social reintegration if it relates to the prisoner that should only be
characterized as to an animal; which has no personality as an exteriorization of the
individuality. Generally, the prison is associated with the still image touched only of
the inevitable passage of the time under sentence, in a dreadful atmosphere of apathy
and chronic stress. What is, however, the prison role?
http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/app/707A7486376EC7B2CA257494002567C1.html, accesat la
data de 10.03.2011.
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Einat, T. and Einat, H., 2002, Inmate Argot as an Expression of Prison Subculture: The Israeli
Case in The Prison Journal 80.3.
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astfel nct reacioneaz ca rebeli pentru a iei n eviden, chiar dac negativ. n
aceeai sfer se ncadreaz urmtoarele comportamente care se pliaz pe
mecanisme de aprare: ironie, sarcasm, ofense, injurii, provocri, .a.4 La
extrem se afl atitudini denigratoare prin ignoran: indiferena fa de durerea
sau opinia exprimat a unui coleg, monopolizare, deviere de la subiect, lips de
respect n convorbire (nu se ascult pn la capt, taie fraza, vorbesc suprapus).
c. Duritatea sau apatia cronic este cauzat de o continu apreciere negativ din
partea celorlali sau indiferena cu care sunt tratai (deopotriv de ctre colegi de
celul, personalul din penitenciar, vechii prieteni de afar);5 prsirea lor ca
prezen de spirit i tratarea cu indiferen cnd au nevoie s fie sprijinii
proiecteaz n ei un mecanism de aprare sub masca duritii, rigiditii i a unui
caracter singuratic, dar puternic, autonom. Poteneaz criza de identitate, depersonalizare.
d. Lipsa de comunicare direct vorbesc mult, ns prea puini au cui mprti
ceea ce-i afecteaz (vorbesc ca s ias din starea de izolare, ns nu se identific
cu imaginea creat). Vorbim n acest sens de acurateea comunicrii.6
e. Lipsa ncrederii n ceilali7 este rspunsul de conduit defensiv la
dezamgirile, trdrile venite din partea unor persoane dragi sau colegi n care au
investit un credit afectiv i informaional; n numeroase cazuri se ntmpl ca
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n subcapitolul Violence as inevitable, ofierii recunosc desele incidente violente dintre deinui, cu
unica soluie de a-i transfera n alt celul; nii deinuii percep violena ca stare de fapt fireasc
mediului penitenciar; specialitii consider c agresivitatea este germinat de condiiile psihologice
ale acestui mediu nchis: Grunseit, A., Forell, S. & McCarron, E., 2008, Taking Justice into custody:
the legal needs of prisoners in Access to Justice and Legal Needs, Volume 5, Law and Justice
Foundation
of
New
South
Wales
http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/app/707A7486376EC7B2CA257494002567C1.html, accesat la
data de 10.03.2011.
5
Daffern, M., Howells. K., 2007, Aggressive Behavior in High-Risk Personality Disordered
Inpatients During Prison and Following Admission to Hospital in Psychiatry, Psychology and Law
Journal,
Volume
14,
Issue
1,
Routledge
Publisher
http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/app/707A7486376EC7B2CA257494002567C1.html, accesat la
data de 10.03.2011.
11
Bourbeau, L., 2007, Cele 5 rni care ne mpiedic s fim noi nine, Ed. Ascendent, Bucureti, pp
17-36.
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Ibidem, Lipsa de ncredere n ceilali i n sine deopotriv explic, n parte cauza izolrii, a
introvertirii.
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Deinuii se auto-percep ca fiind stigmatizai i se resemneaz cu aceast etichet, fr a se simi
ofensai: Grunseit, A., Forell, S. & McCarron, E., 2008, Taking Justice into custody: the legal needs
of prisoners in Access to Justice and Legal Needs, Volume 5, Law and Justice Foundation of New
South
Wales
http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/app/707A7486376EC7B2CA257494002567C1.html, accesat la
data de 10.03.2011.
11
Bourbeau, L.,2007, Cele 5 rni care ne mpiedic s fim noi nine, Ed. Ascendent, Bucureti, pp 717.
12
s fie ascultai;
afeciune;
pe care le-am exemplificat sub forma problemelor enumerate mai sus. Dac, ns,
lum n vedere aceste repere n relaia cu deinuii, respectiv nevoile i problemele
lor, atunci ei i vor schimba comportamentul fa de ceilali i fa de ei nii.
Iniiativa noastr i va ncuraja s fie sinceri cu ei, s se cunoasc treptat, s neleag
i pe cel din faa lor dup ce au fost ascultai n perimetrul afectat. Uneori ei simt
efectiv nevoia de a vorbi cuiva, de a-i exprima un simplu gnd, de a auzi i pe
altcineva dect pe proprii colegii de celul. Depinde, ns de situaii. Exist n
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psihic. Exist anumite cuvinte cheie care definesc o conduit adecvat din partea
actorilor anterior menionai, precum non-etichetarea, ascultarea nevoilor reale,
responsabilitate, cultur psiho-social. Spre exemplu, dac personalul i cei din afar
vor nceta s i mai eticheteze, atunci deinuii se vor putea vindeca de povara purtat
deja n nchisoare i nu vor mai acumula noi resentimente, cel puin n privina celor
vechi. n caz contrar, ei vor resimi anularea libertii de a fi ei nii, de a primi
ocazia s arate c pot fi i altfel dect au fost percepui pn acum, iar consecinele
sunt nocive pentru ei i societate, deopotriv. Exist o serie de riscuri n lan, ntre
care enumerm cteva exemple: nchiderea n sine, creterea gradului de agresivitate
sub varii forme, creterea ratei de recidiv, potenarea propriilor frustrri, etc.
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Personalul care lucreaz n subordinea Autoritii Naionale a Penitenciarelor din Romnia, familia,
prietenii, colegii de celul ai deinutului, societatea n mijlocul creia triesc.
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Cu referire la psiholog acesta este dator fa de fiecare deinut s-i aloce un timp personal, n care
s se arate disponibil s-i asculte pacientul.
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Adeseori, colegii de celul i mprtesc experienele i se influeneaz n comiterea unui nou
delict mai perfecionat, prevenirea riscurilor de a fi prins, etc.
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Cnd vorbim cu ei s fim cu ntreaga minte la problema lor, adic s nu ne abatem gndul la cazuri
anterioare sau ulterioare, ori la problemele noastre personale. Deinutul trebuie s simt c i se acord
toat atenia necesar cnd l ascultm sau i vorbim!
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Bibliografie
Bourbeau, L., 2007, Cele 5 rni care ne mpiedic s fim noi nine, Ed. Ascendent,
Bucureti.
Daffern, M., Howells. K., 2007, Aggressive Behaviour in High-Risk Personality
Disordered Inpatients During Prison and Following Admission to Hospital
in Psychiatry, Psychology and Law Journal, Volume 14, Issue 1, Routledge
Publisher
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a907934259,
accesat la data de 9.03.2011.
Einat, T. and Einat, H., 2002, Inmate Argot as an Expression of Prison Subculture:
The Israeli Case in The Prison Journal, 80.3.
Grunseit, A., Forell, S. & McCarron, E., 2008, Taking Justice into custody: the legal
needs of prisoners in Access to Justice and Legal Needs, Volume 5, Law and
Justice
Foundation
of
New
South
Wales
http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/app/707A7486376EC7B2CA257494002
567C1.html, accesat la data de 10.03.2011.
Jackson, J. Jr., Soledad Brother: The Prison Letters of George Jackson
http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/soledadbro.html, accesat la data
de 14.03.2011.
*** http://www.webdex.ro/online/dictionar/penitenta, accesat la data de 16.02.2011.
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