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Memoriu tehnic
1.1. Reductoare - consideratii generale
itot := 11.4
Raportul de transmitere total.
2.2. Calculul rapoartelor de transmisie
z2 := z1⋅ iSTAS
z2 := 48
z2
u :=
z1
46
u := u = 11.5
4
u − u teoretic
εu := 100⋅ %
u teoretic
i := u i = 11.5
Raportul de transmisie standardizat al angrenajului:
iSTAS = 12
n 1 := n m
3 rot
n 1 = 2.85× 10
min
nm
n 2 :=
itot
rot
n 2 = 250
min
P1P1:==PkW
m⋅ η rul
1.485
Puterea pe arborele de iesire(la roata melcata):
P1 3
T1 := 9550000⋅ T1 = 4.976× 10 N⋅ mm
n1
P2 4 N⋅ mm
T2 := 9550000⋅ T2 = 4.605× 10
n2
z1 := 4
z2 := 48
u := 11.5
q := 12 Pm ≤ 4
z1 180
γ := atan ⋅
q π
γ = 18.435 grade
[anexa 15]
ZE := 155 MPa
α := 20 grade
[anexa 20]
KA := 1.25
Factorul dinamic:
Pentru treapta de precizie 7 si viteza de alunecare mai mica decat 1,5 m/s :
KV := 1.1
pentru:=sarcina
60⋅ n 2de constanta,
⋅ 10000 KHβ := 1= 1.5 × 108
NumarulNde
L2cicluri solicitare: NL2
Factorul de influenta a durabilitatii asupra rezistentei materialului la oboseala in
solicitarile de contact:
8
7
10 7
ZN2 := pentru NL2 < 25⋅ 10
NL2
7
NL2 ≥ 25⋅ 10
ZN2 := 0.67 pentru
7
deoarece NL2 < 25⋅ 10 rezulta ca:
8
7
10 ZN2 = 0.67
ZN2 :=
NL2
x := 0
Zc := 0.6 + 0.01x
⋅ − 0.005z
⋅ 1 − 0.0014z
⋅ 2 + 0.008q
⋅
Zc = 0.609
3
2
q + 2⋅ x ZE⋅ ZH⋅ Zc z2
awnecH := 0.6⋅ 1 + ⋅ T2⋅ ⋅ KA ⋅ KV⋅ KHβ⋅
q + 2⋅ x
σHP2
z2
awnecH = 76.154 mm
k := 3 pt. z1=4
η m := 0.82
W
λ1 := 18
2
m ⋅ grad C
ψ 1 := 0.15
8
K1 := K1 = 0.444
λ1
Pc := P1⋅ K1 Pc = 0.66 kW
t := 45 grade C
Temperatura mediului ambiant: t 0 := 20 grade C
( z2 + 4⋅ k + 6) ⋅ (q + 3⋅ k + 8) − 11⋅ ( k + 2) 2
A :=
( z2 + q) 2
A = 0.455
9( k + 2)
B := 0.0111 +
z2 + q
B = 0.118
C := 0.0013−
3
(
10 1 − η m ⋅ Pc )
( )(
4⋅ λ1⋅ 1 + ψ 1 ⋅ t − t 0 )
C = −0.056
Rezulta
2
3 B − 4⋅ A ⋅ C − B
aw.nec.termic:= 10 ⋅
2⋅ A
aw.nec.termic:= 144.929 mm
2⋅ aw.nec
mxnec := mxnec = 4.831 mm
q + z2
qm := 5axial
Reglarea
:=x10
Modulul coeficientului
mm diametral
standardizat (STAS al melcului
6845-82): in 5]
[anexa functie
[nanexade4]mx:
Calculul distantei axiale elementare:
(
mx⋅ q + z2 )
aw := aw = 145 mm
2
Diametre medii:
mm
d m1 := mx⋅ q
d m1 = 50
(
d m2 := mx⋅ z2 + 2⋅ x )
d m2 = 240
Verificare :
aw = 145
-se verifica
d m2 + d m1
= 145
2
Calculul diametrelor de divizare:
d w1 := mx⋅ ( q + 2⋅ x) d w1 = 50 mm
d 2 := mx⋅ z2 d 2 = 240 mm
h a:=:=m
d f2
f1
Calculul (
1x⋅ zq2−−2h
diametrelor )
2⋅ah a−c −:=
2⋅2c0.25 )
⋅ c + 2⋅ x de picior:
cercurilor f1 = 227.5
d f2 37.5
mm
Diametrele cercurilor de cap:
(
d a1 := mx⋅ q + 2⋅ h a ) d a1 = 60 mm
( )
d a2 := mx⋅ z2 + 2⋅ h a + 2⋅ x d a2 = 250 mm
km := 1 daca z1=4
d e2 := d a2 + km⋅ mx d e2 = 255 mm
b 2 := 0.75⋅ d a1 b 2 = 45 mm
Calculul lungimii b1 al melcului (STAS 13023-91):
(
b 1 := 12.5 + 0.09z
⋅ 2 ⋅ mx ) b 1 = 84.1 mm
unde 250 este diametrul frezei disc si al discului de rectificat, sensul inclinarii danturii
este dreapta.
π⋅ d w1⋅ n 1
ν 1 := m
60000 ν 1 = 7.461
b 1 := 109.1 mm s
π⋅ d 2⋅ n 2 m
ν 2 := ν 2 = 3.142
60000 s
z1 180
γ := atan ⋅ γ = 21.801 grade
q π
Viteza de alunecare:
ν1 m
ν a1 := ν a1 = 8.036
( γ ⋅ deg )
cos1.2
Kv := s
Factorul dinamic: [anexa 23]
Recalcularea factorului zonei de contact
z1 180
γ w := atan ⋅ γ w = 21.801
q + 2⋅ x π
ZH :=
(
2⋅ cos γ w⋅ deg ) ZH = 2.356
( ) (
cos α t⋅ deg ⋅ sin α t⋅ deg )
Recalcularea coeficientului Zc
Zc := 0.6 + 0.01x
⋅ − 0.005z
⋅ 1 − 0.0014z
⋅ 2 + 0.008q
⋅
Zc = 0.593
3
1 + q + 2⋅ x
z2
σH := 0.45Z
⋅ E⋅ ZH⋅ Zc⋅ T2⋅ KA ⋅ KV⋅ KHβ⋅
⋅ z2
aw q + 2⋅ x
σH = 40.862
Numarul de dinti ai rotii echivalente rotii melcate:
z2
zn2 :=
(
cos γ w⋅ deg )3
zn2 = 59.969
Y
Fa2 (
= f zn2 , x )
YFa2 := 2.34
γ
Yβ := 1 − deoarece γ < 24
120
Yβ = 0.818
8 7
NL2 = 1.5 × 10 < 25⋅ 10
9
6
10
YN2 :=
NL2
YN2 = 0.573
σF2 = 3.031
π
Sn := mx⋅ −2⋅ x⋅ tan ( α ⋅ deg ) + ⋅ cos ( γ ⋅ deg )
Grosimea spirei melcului pe coarda 2 in sectiune normala, respectiv frontala:
Sn = 7.292 mm
π
St := mx⋅ −2⋅ x⋅ tan ( α ⋅ deg ) +
2
St = 7.854 mm
Alegem o toleranta a jocului dintre flancuri de tip c, care corespunde unui ajustaj al
rotilor dintate in angrenare de tip C.
Deci,
fr := 18 µm [anexa 32]
−Ess −0.180
St = 7.854 St = 7.854
(
− Ess + Ts ) −0.135
Arborele I:
Rm := 1000 MPa
T1 := 4.976 N⋅ m
Rm
k := k = 1.818
550
T1 Tc1 = 2.737 N⋅ m
Tc1 :=
k
d 11 := 14 mm
l11 := 30 mm
D := 30 mm
latimea mansetei: b := 7 mm
l12 := 10 mm
d 13 := 22 mm
d 13STAS := 25 mm
Se alege rulmentul radial axial cu role conice seria: 32005 STAS 3920-87
dimensiuni d := 25 mm
D1 := 47 mm
T11 := 15 mm
C1 := 20400 N
l13 := 30 mm
d 14 := d a1
d 14 = 60 mm
l14 := 105 mm
Ultimul tronson va purta rulmentul de pe tronsonul 3, deci:
d 15 := 25 mm
Arborele II:
material 41MoCr11
Rm := 1000 k = 1.818
T2 := 46.05 N⋅ m
T2
T2c := T2c = 25.328
k
d 21 := 28 mm
b 2 = 45 l21 := b 2 − 2
l21 = 43 mm
d 22 := 32 mm
d 22 := 32 mm
D := 45 mm
b := 8 mm
d 23 := 35 mm
Se alege rulmentul radial axial cu role: 32007 STAS 3920-87
d := 35 mm
D2 := 62 mm
T12 := 18 mm
C2 := 33500 N
d 24 := d 23 + 5 mm
d 24 = 40 mm
d 25 := 35 mm
forta tangentiala
2⋅ T1
- pe arborele 1 Ft1 :=
d m1
Ft1 = 0.199
- pe arborele 2 2⋅ T2
Ft2 :=
d m2
Ft2 = 0.384
µ := 0.14
Forta radiala
φ := atan
µ ⋅ 180
cos ( α ) ⋅ deg π
3
φ = 4.99× 10 deg
Fr1 = −1.137
- arborele 2
Fr2 := Fr1
Fr2 = −1.137
Forte axiale
Fa1 := Ft2
- pe arborele 1
N
- pe arborele 2 Fa1 = 0.384
Fa2 := Fa1⋅ tan ( γ + φ)
Fa2 = −0.696 N
diagramele de moment încovoietor ale arborelui melcat
M i 2 32 M i 2
σi = = unde → d 2 = 30[ mm ]
2 Wz 2 π ⋅ d3
2
32 ⋅ 68 .255 ⋅ 10 3
σi1 = = 25 .749[ N / mm 2 ]
π ⋅ 30 3
σred 2 = σ2 + 4( α ⋅ τt 2 ) ≤ σai 3
i2
σ
τt 2 =
T1
=
16 T1 α = ai3 σ ai3 = 75[ N / mm2 ] ( A 2 − 13)
Wp1 π ⋅ d3 σ ai2
1 75
τt 2 = 5,092[ N / mm 2 ] α= = 0,577 σ ai2 = 130[ N / mm2 ] ( A 2 − 14)
130
1
cσ =
βk σa
⋅
ε ⋅ γ σ −1
σV = 19 ,216 [ N / mm 2 ] σ−1 = 0,5σr σ−1 = 390 [ N / mm 2 ]
32 M5 32 ⋅ 50 ,935 ⋅10 3
σV = σi5 = = →unde d5 = 30[ mm ] - coeficientul de
π⋅ d3
5 π ⋅ 30 3
1
cσ = = 6,557
1,9 ⋅19 ,216
0,66 ⋅ 0,93 ⋅ 390
M H5 = −Sa ( l1 + a ) = −50,891[ Nm ]
M V5 = V1a = 2,125[ Nm ]
1 1 16 T1 1 16 ⋅ 30 ,095 ⋅10 3
τV = τm = τt 5 = ⋅ = ⋅ = 2,838 [ N / mm 2 ]
2 2 π ⋅ d3 2 π ⋅ 30 3
5
M5 = M 2 2 2
H5 +M V5 = 50 ,891 +2,125
2 =50 ,935 [ Nm ]
In plan vertical:
∑M 2 =0
∑M 1 =0
V1⋅ (l 2 + l1 ) − Ft 2 ⋅ l 2 = 0
Ft 2 ⋅ l 21
V1 = = 1350 [ N ]
l 2 + l1
−V2 ⋅ (l 2 + l1 ) + Ft 2 ⋅ l1 = 0
Ft 2 ⋅ l1
V1 = = 1350 [ N ]
l 2 + l1
Verificare :
Va1 − Ft1 +Vb1 = 0
M y = V1 ⋅ y;
y = 0 ⇒ M y = 0; y = l1 ⇒ M y = 121500 [ Nm ]
M y = V1 ⋅ y − Ft1 ( y − l1 );
y = l1 ⇒ M y = 121500 [ Nm ]
y = l1 + l 2 ⇒ M y = 0[ Nm ]
M3 = M h2 + M v2 = 28951 .2 2 + 121500 2
= 124901 .6492 [ Nm ]
M 3 = 124351 .3 + 121500 2 2
= 173854 .8124 [ Nm ]
M 2 = 0[ Nm ]
Capacele pentru rulmenti:
e = min 5
e2 - depinde de modul de fixare a rulmentului
D - diametrul exterior al rulmentului pe arbore
d - diametrul suruburilor de fixare a capacului
e3 =2...3 mm
aw = 145mm
D3 =(2.5...3)*D
D3 := 2.5⋅ D
D4 =D1 - (2.5...3)
d 1 := d + 1
d := 0.04a
⋅ w + 12
D4 := D1 − 2.5
e := 1.2⋅d
D1 := D + 2.5d d 1 =d+1...2
d = 17.8
Bibliografie:
An IV DI
Indrumator de proiect: