Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Catedra de agroecologie
Stanislav STADNIC
Bli 2010
Recenzeni
N. NICOLAEV, doctor habilitat, profesor universitar (UASM);
GH, JIGU, doctor, confereniar universitar (USM), director al Centrului
Republican de Pedologie Aplicat.
Redactor literar I. Uruciuc,asistent universitar al Catedrei de limba
romn, Universitatea de Stat Alecu Russo din Bli
Descrierea CIP a Camerei Naionale a Crii
Stadnic, Stanislav
Pedologia cu bazele geologiei : Caiet de lucru cu ndrumri
metodice i sarcini individuale pentru ndeplinirea lucr. de lab., practice i
practica de instruire pentru specialitile 613. 1 Agronomie, 424.1
Ecologie / Stanislav Stadnic. Bli : Presa univ. blean, 2010. 84 p.
ISBN 978-9975-931-24-3
150 ex.
631.4:55 (076.5)
Tehnoredactare computerizat
dr. Stanislav Stadnic
ISBN 978-9975-931-24-3
Stanislav Stadnic, 2010
CUPRINS
Lucrarea 1
Lucrarea 2
Lucrarea 3
Lucrarea 4
Lucrarea 5
Lucrarea 6
Lucrarea 7
Lucrarea 8
Lucrarea 9
Lucrarea 10
Lucrarea 11
Lucrarea 12
Lucrarea 13
Lucrarea 14
Lucrarea 15
Practica de
instruire 1
Practica de
instruire 2
Studierea mineralelor
Studierea rocilor
Determinarea texturii (compoziiei granulometrice)
solului
Determinarea pH-ului
Determinarea compoziiei agregative i
hidrostabilitii agregatelor dup Savinov
Determinarea densitii fazei solide a solului (metoda
Petinov)
Determinarea densitii aparente (greutii
volumetrice) a solului
Determinarea umiditii i a rezervei apei din sol
Determinarea capaciti solului pentru ap
Studierea alctuirii profilului solului
Studierea hrilor pedologice i cartogramelor
agrochimice
Studierea i descrierea solurilor cenuii
Studierea i descrierea cernoziomurilor
Studierea regionrii pedogeografice a Republicii
Moldova
Studierea materialelor bonitrii solurilor
Studierea trsturilor (semnelor) morfologice ale
solurilor n condiiile de cmp
Pregtirea solului pentru analiz i analiza de
laborator a probelor de sol
Anexe
Bibliografie
4
5
10
14
19
23
27
30
33
39
41
46
50
54
58
62
67
75
79
83
CUVNT NAINTE
Caietul de lucru este adresat n primul rnd studenilor care
studiaz disciplina Pedologie cu bazele geologiei.
Caietul dat include 15 lucrri de laborator consacrate studierii
materialului parental pentru formarea solurilor, principalelor proprieti i
morfologiei solurilor, repartiiei geografice pe teritoriul Republicii
Moldova principalelor tipuri de sol, studierii materialelor bonitrii
solurilor. Se ncheie caietul de lucru cu practica de instruire n cadrul
creia se preconizeaz studierea nsuirilor morfologice ale solurilor n
condiiile de cmp. Conceput ca un ghid practic care ar facilita i ar
orienta demersul didactic propriu-zis, lucrarea vine n sprijinul
persoanelor interesate att cu sarcini individuale i formele
corespunztoare pentru ndeplinirea lor, ct i cu indicaii metodice privind
ndeplinirea sarcinilor de lucru.
Pentru mbuntirea coninutului acestei lucrri au contribuit G.
Stasiev, doctor habilitat, profesor universitar, precum i recenzenii N.
Nicolaev, doctor habilitat, profesor universitar; Gh, Jigu, doctor,
confereniar universitar; crora le sunt profund reconusctor pentru
obiecii i recomandri. La fel in s mulumesc dlui Ion Uruciuc, asistent
universitar la catedra de Limba Romn, Universitatea de Stat Alecu
Russo din Bli.
Sprtura
Clivajul
Duritatea
Urma
Compoziia
chimic
Culoarea
N
d/o
Luciul
Proprietile fizice
Denumirea
mineralelor
i clasa
Clasificarea mineralelor
Pentru a nlesni studiul mineralelor, acestea se mpart n clase. La
baza clasificrii pot fi puse diferite caractere. Cea mai frecvent este
clasificarea chimic, conform creia mineralele se mpart n clase, care se
deosebesc ntre ele n ce privete compoziia chimic.
Pe baza clasificrii chimice, mineralele se mpart n urmtoarele clase:
I.
II.
III.
IV.
10
Proveniena
Culoarea
Duritatea
Structura
Textura
Compoziia
mineralogic
Denumirea
rocilor
N d/o
11
argila nisipoas;
loessul;
brekcia;
conglomeratul;
tuful;
dolomita;
boxitul;
marna;
12
creta;
calcarele.
Concluzii:___________________________________________________
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
Dup prezentarea drii de seam se apreciaz capacitatea de a
identifica rocile i cunoaterea caracteristicilor lor principale.
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Lucrul pentru acas:
14
2 2 s o
gr
9
unde:
V viteza de sedimentare (cm/sec.);
g acceleraia gravitaiei (cm/sec.2);
r raza particulelor (cm);
s densitatea particulelor (g/cm3);
o densitatea lichidului (g/cm3);
vscozitatea dinamic a suspensiei (g/cm, sec.).
Pe baza vitezei de cdere i a relaiei dinte distan, vitez i timp
se calculeaz durata de sedimentare a particulelor corespunztoare mrimii
fraciunilor granulometrice (tab. 3).
n cazul analizelor n mas de timpul de pipetare (de extragere) a
probelor se ia n baza unui tabel standard. La determinarea timpului se ia n
consideraie temperatura suspensiei de care depinde vscozitatea acesteia
i, respectiv, viteza de cdere a particulelor. Suspensia din cilindru se agit
timp de un minut i se fixeaz timpul. Dup expirarea timpului (cu 10-15
sec. mai devreme) se introduce atent pipeta n cilindru la adncimea
cuvenit (n dependen de diametrul fraciunilor) i se aspir suspensia
16
0,0005
10
0,005
0,00025
10
0,0001
0,00005
10,25
0,25
-0,1
0,10,05
17
<0,01
>0,01
18
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
Dup prezentarea drii de seam se apreciaz capacitatea de a
rezolva probleme cu determinarea texturii solului i cunoaterea metodelor
simple de determinare a texturii.
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Lucrul pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare de laborator la tema: Determinarea pH-ului.
De recapitulat temele: Coloizii solului. Procesul de absorbie i
Reacia solului.
Data susinerii _____________ nota_____
Semntura ______________
19
20
21
pH
cm
Fig. 1. Modificarea valorii pH-ului n funcie de adncime
In cazul necesitii corectrii reaciei acide al solului cantitatea de
calcar se determin dup tabelul 5.
Tabelul 5. Dozele calcarului necesar pentru corectarea reaciei acide,
t/ha
Valoarea pHKCl
Textura
<4,5 4,6 4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,7 6,0 6,2 6,5
Dozele CaCO3, t/ha
Argilo-lutos
4,0
3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 2,0 2,0 1,5 1,2 1,0
Argilos
6,0
5,5 5,0 4,5 4,0 3,5 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0
Concluzii:___________________________________________________
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22
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Lucrul pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare de laborator pe tema: ,,Determinarea
componenei agregatice i hidrostabilitii agregatelor dup Savinov.
De recapitulat tema: "Structura solului".
Data susinerii _____________ nota_____
Semntura ______________
23
24
25
Dimensiunile
agregatelor,
mm
Masa
agregatelor, g
Coninutul
procentual de
agregate, %
>10
10 7
75
53
31
1 0,5
0,5 0,25
< 0,25
n total
1000
100
50
fiolei
dearte
fiolei cu
agregate
agregatelor
Coninutul
agregatelor, %
Nr. fiolei
fiolei
dearte
fiolei cu
agregate
agregatelor
Coninutul
agregatelor, %
Nr. fiolei
Dimensiunile
agregatelor, mm
> 10
10 7
75
53
32
21
1 0,5
0,5 0,25
< 0,25
Suma agregatelor > 0,25 =
26
Concluzii:___________________________________________________
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare de laborator la tema: Determinarea densitii
solului.
Jigu, Gh., Nagacevschi, T. Ghid al disciplinei Fizica solului. Chiinu,
CEP USM, 2006, p. 42 51.
De recapitulat tema: Proprietile fizice ale solului.
Data susinerii _____________ nota_____
Semntura ______________
27
Obiective:
1) Formarea i consolidarea priceperilor i a deprinderilor n determinarea
densitii solului.
2) Aprofundarea i consolidarea cunotinelor teoretice referitoare la
proprietile fizice generale ale solului.
Utilaj i materiale:
Gaz lampant, exicator cu vacuum, fiole de metal, vas cu volumul de 500
ml, pahar cu volum de 50 ml, cldru, picnometru, plnie, pipet,
balan tehnic i analitic, etuv cu termoreglare.
ntrebri pentru control:
1) Ce este densitatea solului?
2) De ce depinde densitatea solului?
3) Care este importana densitii solului?
Sarcini de lucru:
1)
De determinat densitatea diferitor orizonturi genetice a solului.
2)
De prezentat darea de seam sub form de grafic i de fcut
concluzii despre modificarea densitii solului la diferite adncimi.
Mod de lucru i indicaii metodice:
1. Se iau 15 g de sol n fiola de metal, se usuc timp de 6 ore n etuv la
temperatura de 105 0C.
2. Se cntrete cu cntarul analitic, cu dou cifre dup virgul, masa
cldruei cu pahar n gaz (P0). n timpul cntririi cldrua se centreaz
n vasul cu gaz n aa fel, nct s nu se ating de pereii vasului, aducnduse volumul de gaz pn la cot.
3. Se scoate cldrua cu paharul din gaz, se las n pahar o treime din
gaz, se terge bine cu hrtie de filtru, apoi cldrua cu pahar se cntrete
n aer (P2).
4. Solul din fiola rcit n exicator 20 min. se toarn atent n paharul cu o
1/3 de gaz i se cntrete iari cu ajutorul cldruei n aer (P3).
5. Se pune paharul cu 1/3 de sol i gaz n exicatorul cu vacuum timp de
45 min.
28
P2, g
Masa
paharu
-lui cu
1/3
gaz n
aer
P3, g
Masa
paharu
-lui
cu 1/3
gaz i
sol n
aer
P1=
P3 P2, g
Masa
solului
luat
pentru
determinare
P5=
P4, g
P=
Masa P4 P0, g P1 P, g
Masa
Greutate
paharului
cu sol n solului a gazului
nlocuit
gaz dup n gaz
vacuum
sol
gaz
g/cm3 g/cm3
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29
Adncimea, cm
Densitatea, g/cm3
30
31
Media
32
Porozitatea, %
Densitatea
Masa cilindrului
cu sol uscat, g
Masa solului
uscat n
cilindru,g
Densitatea
aparent, g/cm3
Masa cilindrului
cu sol umed, g
Masa cilindrului
deert, g
Stratul
de sol,
cm
Nr. cilindrului i
a fiolei
Rezolvare i concluzii:
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare de laborator la tema: Determinarea
umiditii i a rezervei de ap n sol.
De repetat tema: Apa din sol, proprietile hidrofizice ale solului.
Data susinerii _____________ nota_____
Semntura ______________
33
34
35
mm
t/ha,m3/ha
mm
t/ha,m3/ha
mm
Rezerva
accesibil de ap
n sol
(RTA)
t/ha,m3/ha
fiolei dearte M
1
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
90-100
0-100
Stratul de sol, cm
10
11
12
13
14
36
37
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare practic la tema: ,,Determinarea capacitii
solului pentru ap.
De repetat tema: ,,Apa din sol, proprietile hidrofizice ale solului.
39
40
(c b )
*100, unde:
(b a)
41
42
6 neoformaiunile;
7 incluziunile;
8 textura (compoziia granulometric);
9 umiditatea solului.
1. Succesiunea orizonturilor. Profilul de sol constituie unitatea
elementar n cercetarea i cartarea solurilor i reprezint succesiunea de
orizonturi pedogenetice de la suprafaa solului pn la materialul parental.
Prin orizont de sol sau orizont pedogenetic se nelege un strat
aproximativ paralel cu suprafaa solului cu proprieti omogene ce difer
de cele ale straturilor de deasupra i dedesubt prin caracteristici cum ar fi:
culoarea, textura, structura, consistena, prezena unor neoformaiuni.
Orizonturile de sol se noteaz cu simboluri ce au sens genetic:
litere mari, litere mici, cifre.
Cu litere mari se noteaz orizonturi principale ale solurilor:
Orizont A (orizont de acumulare a humusului). Este un orizont
mineral format la suprafaa solului mineral, sau sub orizonturile H i O, n
care s-a acumulat materie organic humificat, legat de partea mineral.
Orizont B (de tranziie dup coninutul de humus sau iluvial).
Orizontul B este un orizont mineral format sub orizontul A sau E, n care
se constat o alterare a materialului parental, nsoit sau nu de o
mbogire n argil i n materie organic prin iluviere.
Orizont C (roca parental) orizont mineral format pe seama
rocilor, constituit din material neconsolidat (loess, argil, nisip).
Orizont D (roca subiacent) strat
mineral de material
neconsolidat, care este aezat sub orizontul C i se deosebete de acest
orizont prin proveniena i caracteristici texturale.
Dup A. Ursu (1999) cele mai principale caractere a orizonturilor,
condiionate de diferite procese genetice, care pot fi folosite n diagnostica
i nomenclatura solurilor rspndite in Republica Moldova sunt
urmtoarele:
eluvial (e) - luvic, podzolit, pudrat cu bioxid de siliciu amorf, cu
coninut redus de humus i minerale argilice;
albic (a) - cenuiu deschis, bogat n SiO2 amorf;
iluvial (i) - brun sau brun-rocat tasat, cu acumulare de argil,
sescvicoxizi (R2O3), bulgros sau columnar;
molic (m) - cenuiu nchis, humificat humatic, structurat - grunos,
afnat (cernoziomic);
ocric (o) - cenuiu, cu nuane brune, sau glbui (fulvatic), structur
grunoas sau nuciform mic;
43
44
45
Trecerea de la orizont
la orizont
Incluziunile
Neoformaiunile
Aezarea
Structura
Textura
Umiditatea
Culoarea
Orizonturile genetice
i grosimea lor
Desenul profilului
solului
46
47
48
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Concluzii:___________________________________________________
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare practic la tema: ,,Studierea i descrierea
solurilor cenuii.
De repetat tema: Solurile automorfe.
50
Structura
Coninutul
humusului
pH
51
V, %
Culoarea
E, me la 100
g sol
Denumirea i
grosimea
orizonturilor
S Ca2+ +Mg2+
Desenul
profilului
52
53
Concluzii:___________________________________________________
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare practic la tema: ,,Studierea i descrierea
cernoziomurilor.
De repetat tema: Solurile automorfe
54
Structura
Coninutul
humusului
pH
55
V, %
Culoarea
E, me la 100
g sol
Denumirea i
grosimea
orizonturilor
S Ca2+ +Mg2+
Desenul
profilului
56
57
Concluzii:___________________________________________________
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare practic la tema: ,,Studierea regionrii
pedogeografice a Republicii Moldova.
De repetat tema: Regionarea pedogeografic a Republicii
Moldova.
Data susinerii _____________ nota_____
Semntura ______________
58
59
60
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare practic la tema: ,,Studierea materialelor
bonitrii solurilor.
De repetat tema: Bonitarea solurilor i aprecierea lor.
62
63
Ra = Bm Vb, unde:
Ra este recolta scontat;
Bm nota medie al grupului de sol;
Vb valoarea notei.
Exemplu: O societate cu rspundere limitat (SRL) dispune de
urmtoarele varieti de sol:
- cernoziom tipic slab humificat luto-argilos 60 ha;
- cernoziom tipic slab humificat lutos 50 ha;
- cernoziom tipic slab humificat luto-nisipos moderat alcalinizat 40 ha.
Aceste soluri, conform anexei 5, se apreciaz, corespunztor, cu:
82 (82 1,0), 74 (82 0,9) i 59 (82 0,9 0,8) baluri.
Determinm balul mediu (Bm) al solurilor SRL-ului:
Bm =
82 60 + 74 50 + 59 40 = 73 puncte
60 + 50 + 40
64
Alcalinizare
Gleizare
Textura
Rectificare dup:
Gradul de
eroziune
Varietate
de sol
Suprafaa, ha
Nota
real, Br
65
Legumicole
Soia, mazre
Floarea
soarelui
Sfecl de
zahr
Porumb
(boabe)
Nota medie al
gospodriei,
Bm
Gru de
toamn
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Concluzii:___________________________________________________
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Lucrarea este susinut ________________ pe nota _______
Semntura ______________
67
68
1
2
3
4
5
6
69
7
8
9
10
11
Roca parental
Trecerea de la orizont la
orizont
Incluziunile
Neoformaiunile
Aezarea
Structura
Textura
Umiditatea
Culoarea
Orizonturile genetice i
grosimea lor
Sparea seciunilor
Seciunea solului este o tietur vertical artificial a solului,
obinut n rezultatul sprii unui urf (groap) special.
Seciunea solului trebuie s ntretaie toate orizonturile solului: cel
superior, cele de tranziie i roca parental.
Pe terenul ales se traseaz cu hrleul forma gropii un dreptunghi
cu o mrime de aproximativ 150-200 cm x 70-80 cm. n timpul sprii
gropii, pmntul se arunc n lturi, pe prile laterale ale gropii, dar n nici
un caz nu se arunc spre peretele din fa, ntruct aceasta duce la
murdrirea lui i poate chiar la prbuirea prii superioare a peretelui
seciunii de sol.
Spnd groapa tot mai adnc, o ngustm treptat, lsnd scri pe
partea opus celei din fa. Partea din fa va trebui s fie strict abrupt i
orientat spre soare, iar pe povrniuri peretele din fa se las n partea de
sus, adic de-a curmeziul povrniului. Cnd seciunea este gata, trebuie
s coborm n groap i s stabilim n primul rnd caracterul materialului
parental, compoziia lui granulometric (mecanic), salinizarea, gradul de
umiditate i s lum probe din materialul parental pentru cercetarea
ulterioar.
Dup aceea, peretele din fa, luminat de soare, se cur bine cu
hrleul, iar pe urm, la mijloc, se prepar cu cuitul o fie lat de 20 cm
pn la fund, n aa fel nct solul s fie ntr-o stare apropiat de cea
natural.
Orizonturile genetice se stabilesc dup culoare, structur i dup alte
caracteristici morfologice. Grosimea orizonturilor se noteaz succesiv de
sus n jos, n ordine ascendent, de exemplu:
0 15 ; 15 32 ; 32 50 ; etc.
Ad
A
B
15
18
17
Dup aceea, se trece la studierea trsturilor (semnelor) morfologice ale
solului.
Descrierea trsturilor (semnelor) morfologice a profilului
solului
a) Determinarea umiditii solului
1. Sol uscat dac e compact n bulgri sau face praf.
2. Sol reavn dac nu face praf, nu murdrete i la pipit e o mas
rcoroas.
70
71
72
73
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
Tem pentru acas:
De pregtit o lucrare practic la tema: ,,Pregtirea solului pentru
analiz i analiza de laborator a probelor de sol.
Data susinerii _____________ nota_____
Semntura ______________
75
76
mcat (care sunt de fapt pietre), prticelele mcate sau scheletul solului.
Solul cernut se toarn n borcane de sticl, pe care se lipesc etichete.
Determinarea reaciei solului (a se vedea lucrarea 4).
Determinarea texturii solului (a se vedea lucrarea 3).
Rezultatele obinute, concluzii__________________________________
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Prezentarea i susinerea lucrrii:
A se vedea lucrarea 1.
79
Denumirea solului
cercetat la nivel de
tip, subtip.
2
01
Brune
15
02
Cenuii albice
16
03
Cenuii tipice
17
04
Cenuii molice
18
05
Cernoziomuri
argiloiluviale
19
06
20
07
Cernoziomuri
levigate
Cernoziomuri
tipice moderat
80
Suprafaa,
ha
4
28
17
8
13
33
18
56
7
3
27
13
21
25
13
28
24
16
3
135
68
13
21
0,5
7
118
506
227
3
18
2
16
22
11
27
0,5
3
117
63
28
humifere
21
08
22
Cernoziomuri
tipice slab
humifere
09
Vertisoluri
23
10
Cernoziomuri
carbonatice
24
11
25
12
26
Soloneuri
Solonceacuri
13
Soluri aluviale
27
81
3
7
11
27
15
6
44
37
21
14
6
5
22
68
10
280
460
122
112
66
11
12
5
10
8
6
6
5
3
2
1
Moderat
Puternic
Slab
Moderat
Puternic
Slab
Moderat
Puternic
Soloneuri,
solonceacuri
Slab
Cernoziomuri tipice
slab humifere
Cernoziomuri
carbonatice
Soluri aluviale
Nisipo-lutos
Cernoziomuri
argiloiluviale
Cernoziomuri
levigate
Cernoziomuri tipice
moderat humifere
Vertisoluri
Luto-nisipos
Alcalinizare
lutos
Cenuii albice
tipice
Cenuii molice
Gleizare
Luto-argilos
Brune
Gradul de
eroziune
Textura
Argilos
Solurile
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
72
0,9
1,0
0,8
0,7
0,7
0,8
0,7
0,5
0,7
0,6
0,4
68
0,9
1,0
0,8
0,7
0,7
0,8
0,7
0,5
0,7
0,6
0,4
78
0,9
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,8
0,7
0,5
0,7
0,6
0,4
88
1,0
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,8
0,7
0,5
94
1,0
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,8
0,7
0,5
0,8
0,6
0,4
100 1,0
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,9
0,8
0,5
0,8
0,6
0,4
98
1,0
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,5
82
1,0
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,8
0,9
0,4
71
1,0
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,8
0,6
0,4
97
1,0
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,6
0,4
34
1,0
1,0
82
Porumb (boabe)
Porumb (masa verde)
Gru de toamn
Floarea soarelui
Sfecla de zahr
Tutun
Soia, mazre
Via de vie, soiuri de mas
Via de vie, soiuri tehnice
Pomicole seminoase
Pomicole smburoase
Legumicole
48
307
40
23
440
23
23
116
108
168
120
419
83
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
BIBLIOGRAFIE
De baz
BLAGA, Gh. .a. Pedologie, Bucureti: Ed. didactic i pedagogic,
1996.
OANEA, N. Pedologie general. Bucureti: Ed. PACO, 2001.
, : , 1988.
, . I, II, III, : , 1984-1986.
. / . .., .., .I, II. .:
, 1988.
Suplimentar
JIGU, Gh., NAGACEVSCHI, T. Ghid al disciplinei Fizica solului.
Chiinu, CEP USM, 2006.
LUPACU, Gh., PARICHI, M., FLOREA, N. tiina i ecologia
solului (Dicionar). Iai, 1998.
MIANU, Al. Pedologie ameliorativ. Bucureti, 1996.
OANEA, N., RADU, A. Pedologia aplicat. Bucureti: Altus, 2003.
OBREJANU, Gh., PUIU, . Pedologie. Editura didactic i
pedagogic, Bucureti, 1972.
Pedologie. ndrumri metodice cu privire la lucrrile de laborator,
Chiinu, 1990.
ROCA, Z., BULAT, M., STASIEV, G. Analiza chimic a solului.
ndrumri metodice pentru studenii facultii de biologie i
agrochimie. Chiinu, USM, 1990.
Solurile (Seria monografic). Ed. Acad. Rom., 1990.
STNIL, AL. Cartografia solurilor. Bucureti, 2001.
URSU, A. Clasificarea solurilor Republicii Moldova. Chiinu, 1999.
URSU, A. Raioanele pedogeografice i particularitile regionale de
utilizare i protejare a solurilor. Chiinu: Tipogr. Acad. De t., 2006.
, ., , . , .: , 1967.
, ., , . ,
.: , 1975.
19. , . . :
, 1967.
20. , ., , .
, .: , 1976.
21. . / . .., .: , 1989.
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Stanislav Stadnic
PEDOLOGIE CU BAZELE GEOLOGIEI
Bun de tipar 19.11.2008. Garnitura Times New Roman. Comanda nr. 92. Tiraj 150.
Tipografia Universitii de Stat Alecu Russo din Bli, str. Pukin, 38
85