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I. DEFINIŢIE
Ciroza hepatică (CH) reprezintă stadiul final de evoluţie al oricărei hepatopatii cronice,
caracterizat prin fibroză hepatică extensivă cu distorsionarea arhitecturii hepatice şi formarea de
noduli de regenerare.
II. ETIOLOGIE
Orice injurie hepatică cronică care produce necroză si inflamaţie poate fi urmată ȋn timp de
apariţia CH (tabel 1). Agentul etiologic poate fi evidenţiat ȋn 85-90% dintre cazuri.
Cele mai frecvente cauze de CH ȋn ţările dezvoltate sunt:
hepatitele cronice virale (B sau C);
abuzul de alcool;
hemocromatoza;
steatohepatita nonalcoolică.
În România cele mai frecvente etiologii ale CH sunt:
virusurile hepatitice B şi C (48,3%). Între acestea domină infecţia HCV (59%), urmată de
HVB (15%) şi coinfecţia HVB+HVD (16,6%);
abuzul de alcool (19,5%);
cauze mixte, virale şi etanolice (16,2%);
criptogenică (11,2%).
Factori etiologici principali ai cirozei hepatice
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