Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Generaliti
definiie
epidemiologie
factori de risc
Tablou clinic
Aspecte imagistice
OBIECTIVE
Tratament
medicamentos
recuperare
chirurgical
BOALA
ARTROZIC
boala ntregii
articulaii,
nu doar a
cartilajului
degradare + reparare
a cartilajului i osului subcondral
(reacie hipertrofic = osteoscleroz
neoformare de os osteofite marginale)
+ inflamaia sinovialei
GONARTROZA
afecteaz genunchiul
persoanele 50 ani
13% femei, 10% brbai 60 ani gonartroz
simptomatic
mai frecvent la femei
1.
2.
Zhang, Doherty, Peat, et al. EULAR evidence-based recommendation for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis.
http://ard.bmj. com/content/vol69/issue3
Heidarii. Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis and features: Part I. www.sid.ir.
GONARTROZA
etiologie
vrsta
factori de risc
prevalena cu vrsta
sexul
feminin, n special post-menopauz
obezitatea
risc , n special la femei
stressul mecanic articular, modificri metabolice
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features.
Heidarii. Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis and features: Part I. www.sid.ir.
GONARTROZA
etiologie
factori de risc
1.
2.
3.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features.
Sharma, Berenbaum. Osteoarthrtitis: A companion to Rheumatology, 2007.
Heidarii. Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis and features: Part I. www.sid.ir.
GONARTROZA
etiologie
factori de risc
1.
2.
3.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features.
Sharma, Berenbaum. Osteoarthrtitis: A companion to Rheumatology, 2007.
Heidarii. Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis and features: Part I. www.sid.ir.
GONARTROZA
Artroz femuro-tibial
compartiment medial
compartiment lateral
compartiment medial + lateral
debut - insidios
evoluie cronic, lent
pusee de acutizare - decompensare
Artroz femuro-patelar
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
etiologie
primitiv
secundar
anomalii de static
clasificare
1.
2.
3.
leziuni meniscale
leziuni ligamentare
laxitate ligamentar cronic
traumatisme fracturi
osteocondromatoz
osteocondrit, osteonecroz (condili, trohlee, rotul)
artrite inflamatorii, metabolice
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
www.genou.net
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
durere
localizare
tablou clinic
caracter mecanic
1.
2.
3.
meteodependent
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
GONARTROZA
cartilaj
pri moi
periarticulare
sinovial
DURERE
meniscuri
capsul
os subcondral
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
tablou clinic
instabilitate articular
giwing way
inhibiia reflex a coordonrii musculare
blocaj articular
interpunerea ntre femur i tibie a unui corp liber
osteocartilaginos
impoten funcional
1.
2.
3.
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
n ortostatism
examen clinic
1.
2.
3.
genunchi
old, picior, coloan vertebral
obezitate
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL mersul
chioptat
examen clinic
1.
2.
3.
antalgic
prin deficit de extensie genu flexum
prin insuficiena musculaturii - cvadriceps
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
n decubit dorsal
examen clinic
mobilitate conservat/
limitarea mobilitii extensie, flexie
1.
2.
3.
circumferina coapsei
afecteaz stabilitatea articular
factor agravant al gonartrozei
retracii m. ischio-gambieri
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
examen radiologic
1.
2.
3.
incongruen femuro-tibial
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
examen radiologic
1.
2.
3.
4.
permite vizualizarea:
poriunii posterioare a interliniei artic femurotibiale
(prima poriune afectat de procesul
degenerativ)
poriunea posterioar i median a condililor
femurali
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annrmp.2004.05.010
ARTROZA
FEMURO-TIBIAL
examen radiologic
Clasificare Ahlbaeck
tendin la
osteofitoz,
Grad I neconcludent modificri
neconcludente
Grad II
minim
osteofite prezente,
fr modificarea
spaiului articular
Grad III
moderat
pensare a spaiului
articular
Grad IV
sever
1.
2.
3.
pensare
semnificativ a
spaiului articular
+ scleroza osului
subcondral
Grad I
pensare incomplet
a spaiului articular
(<3mm)
Grad II
pensare complet a
spaiului articular
Grad III
uzur osoas
moderat (0-5mm)
Grad IV
Grad V
Petersson I et al. Radiographic osteoarthritis of the knee classified by Ahlbaeck and Kellgren&Lawrence systems
for the tibiofemoral joint in people aged 35-54 with chronic knee pain. Ann Rh Diseases, 1997.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
EULAR textbook of Rheumatic Diseases, 2012. Osteoarthritis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
ARTROZA FEMUROPATELAR
izolat
asociat artrozei femuro-tibiale
afecteaz predominent poriunea lateral a artic
femuro-patelare
evoluie lent pusee hiperalgice
1.
2.
(dup suprasolicitri)
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
primar
etiologie
clasificare
anomalii structurale
genu flexum pe
post-traumatic
1.
2.
3.
4.
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
Peat G et al. Clinical features of symptomatic patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. http://arthritis-research.com/content/14/2/R63
http://www.med.univ-rennes1.fr/cerf/edicerf/OSTEO-ARTICULAIRE/20OSTEO.html
durere
ARTROZA FEMUROPATELAR
urcatul-cobortul scrilor
poziie eznd prelungit cu genunchiul n flexie
tablou clinic
rotulei
tumefiere n pusee
1.
2.
3.
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
Peat G et al. Clinical features of symptomatic patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. http://arthritis-research.com/content/14/2/R63
ARTROZA FEMUROPATELAR
inspecie
examen clinic
palpare durere
1.
2.
3.
faa anterioar
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
Peat G et al. Clinical features of symptomatic patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. http://arthritis-research.com/content/14/2/R63
ARTROZA FEMUROPATELAR
hipo-/ hiper-mobil
durere
examen clinic
ischio-
1.
2.
3.
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
Peat G et al. Clinical features of symptomatic patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. http://arthritis-research.com/content/14/2/R63
ARTROZA FEMUROPATELAR
n extensie
radiografii fa + profil genunchi n
examen radiologic
flexie 30
radiografii axiale genunchi n flexie
30, 60
1.
2.
3.
A.Quesnot, JC. Chanussot. Reeducation de lappareil locomoteur du grand enfant a ladulte. Masson, 2006.
A.Firic. Gonartroza, n D. Antonescu, Patologia aparatului locomotor, vol II. Editura Medical, 2008.
Peat G et al. Clinical features of symptomatic patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. http://arthritis-research.com/content/14/2/R63
GONARTROZA
profesionale, recreative
evaluare funcional,
evaluare subiectiv
Score
Lequesnes functional index
SF-36
GONARTROZA
tratament
Combaterea
durerii
Ameliorarea
funcionalitii
Educarea
pacientului
ncetinirea progresiei
bolii, evitarea
instalrii dizabilitii
Creterea
calitii vieii
GONARTROZA
10
tratament
Recomandrile
EULAR 2003
1.
Jordan KM et al. EULAR Recommendations 2003: an evidence based approach to the management of kne osteoarthritis: Report of a Task Force of the Standing
Committee for International Clinical Studies Inclunding Therapeutic Trials. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:11451155. doi: 10.1136/ard.2003.011742
GONARTROZA
educarea pacientului
anomalii de static
hipotrofia muscular
deficit propriocepie
traumatisme repetate
evitarea:
urcatului-cobortului scrilor
economie articular
GONARTROZA
pusee de activare
tratament de recuperare
repaus relativ
evitarea poziiei de flexie antalgic
crioterapie 3-4x/zi
masaj cu ghea
electroterapie antalgic
GONARTROZA
tratament de recuperare
masaj
hidroterapie
du subacval
GONARTROZA
tratament de recuperare
http://www.kybalion.info/fileadmin/img/neues/veroeffentlichungen/Interner_Bereich/KB_Knie.pdf
GONARTROZA
electroterapie antalgic
tratament de recuperare
TENS
Trabert
iontoforez substane antiinflamatorii, antalgice
curent interferenial 90-100Hz
unde scurte
ultrasunet
laser
cvadriceps
GONARTROZA
kinetoterapie
obiective:
reeducarea proprioceptiv
reeducarea mersului
GONARTROZA
limite funcionale
corectarea/ prevenirea genu flexum
kinetoterapie
tehnica contracie-relaxare
traciuni
stretching ischio-gambieri
GONARTROZA
kinetoterapie
genunchiului
cvadriceps
ischio-gambieri
rotatori interni
rotatori externi
contracii izometrice
n sectoare indolore
GONARTROZA
kinetoterapie
adductorii oldului
triceps sural
abductorii oldului
triceps sural
stretching
GONARTROZA
drept femural
ischio-gambieri
adductorii oldului
triceps sural
kinetoterapie
reeducarea mersului
reeducare proprioceptiv
GONARTROZA
plan instabil
kinetoterapie
reeducare postural
antrenament la efort
impact redus
hidrokinetoterapie
ameliorarea mobilitii
reeducarea mersului
emondaj
GONARTROZA
tratament chirurgical
artroscopie
osteotomie de corecie axial - tibial, femural
artroplastie
proteze nestabilizate
cimentate, necimentate