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( (iorrccprul dc troticrtlrtrc cstc rlirririntcairlcgerilor. I r'itcvir sii[)tiir)rrini i p i r r i c ip u b l i c c .[ ) ' . r c ia l c c l s t r lr c o r i c n t r t r c J c s c r r t i i riln a n r t l i z .frrr, r r r n t r io sltc tttt c s t c s r t l l s t i r n t i i r lirrlr , s c r r r r r rc r ir l o l l i n i i l c 1 i c o r r r l l o r r r t r t r c n t c a p t i n r c r i i c s i r n t r t c s i g r r r5 i i propagatrtlit . oi c r i o r r r r r c n is ; i r r s t i r l r i l cN i p o i t t c f i c f i c i c n t l i , d r r l l i i c t t r r ti t i n r c i i s u n t n c c c s l l r cn ) c s a j c5 i c x 1 ; l i ll srrbiccgikrr. i n l l r n c t i c r l c n i v c l r r lr l c e < l t t c i r t i' c i c r r t i ir l i l ' c r i t c :r' r r f i r c i r l i z r r t irin u i r l c s i r t I ) r r c i io i r s t l ' c lr l c c c r c c t a r cr l i r u t r r r i r :v iI v i i t o r .r ' o r r r s o cr vtc r r i r r r c n t c l c t : i : t lic n l i r r r t : 1 irc lc ttrttl'll ) u t c rc r lirsil"lc t o r r r c l cr l i r r r c n s i t r n iO : c t i l l r r r i r l c c v c n i r n c n t c i n ( l t t co r c o r i c t t t a r c ir ?x i s t i it c n r l i n g i t . s u b s t a n t i i r lr ii c,s [ ) c c t i v r t n a n r r r il ) u t i n s c n u r i l l c r r t i v r [ cir rilta tlc rcoricrrtlrrcsri sc n)icforc/.c pc rrriisurii cc cvcnil't'rcntclc

o b t i r r cu n l ) r o c c n t ? n i s i t t r r r r c l r zti:i r t r s u l ? i , r . , " 1 ' r t t n ts ct1 ) o a t c ljrininr ., accirr c u r c n u i l v c i u -o r i n t c n t i c d c v o t c l c l r n i t i v rs t- a r r a l l i r tl r r r r l t i n d i din lloLli in i r l r c o r i c n t : l r i ir i c c a n u n l c c s t c p r o t l r t l l i ls r l - la r r r p l i f i c c ('r crt prccise. a;teptiiri atat,altcl)chiar scnrnificativ dcclt mai $i, c c c o r r d i t i i a \ / c l ' no r c < l r i c n t a r c cchililrrirtiic , i r i n a c c s t c a ' 2 .t,t n c l c c{vizi s c l t i n r l r i i r i l ci n r l i f ' c r i t c r l i r c c t i i p a r s : i s c a n u l e z e r c c i p r o c ?C i n d +tarile exprinrate de cei indecigi nu erau intirnltLitoare, ci cralr, dc ' $ r c g u l i i , c c l e p r e t l o m i n a n t ei n p r o p r i i l e l o r n r c t l i i s r r c i a l c . N{ai dei u l u r l r cs c l r r o t l t t c c a c c a s t irrn r r i r l c s i n z o l r i , , t l i s t r i l l t r t i crit r a r g i n a [ c " ? s i l c l < r v c r l i c t i i a 5 t c l l t i i r i l c a n t i c i l ) i r t i n c l r r s i v t l c c i z irr a u linrrlii: o l ) r t r t c : , trttttlti l { i l s p r r r r s r r r il l c t i r s c t n c t t c iu r r t r c l l l i rri l rc ( ) n t t t r r tr(, ) t l r ) i , o r t r t t c r t v o ( i t t t u t t l l i i t t t c r t n t l i c l r t t t l p r c t i g r r r u s c r r i c i r r c i l i r r i l i r rc l rr sociitlc. l)e l ) t t t c r r tf i irnirgirrc rrtdinrcrrtrrr a i i r l i l c r i t c l o rc v c n i u r . j r r t c invirrgiitclr.in accst lcl, agtcprtArile lorlr fost una tlintre vrrrial;ilclc sl c l t i r n b : i r i l o c r arc i n c i l i ; i r n a i p r c t : i 1 i .l { c o r i c n t l r c r rc s t c r c z . t t l r a t t t c i t r c i t u i n t c n / c n i t c x P l i c r r c a i n e v olrrgied i cciz.iilrlrrltcrioirrc dc s u n ' i r ri r r i n t c n l i i . i n a S t c p t i i rti r ii n c o r r r l l o l t a l n c r r t ui lr r r . l i v i z . i l o C rt .r ( a l l i t o l r r l ( l ) c t r r l i i l c vot. at:c"^tc i n a l i z cv o r f i r l i . s c u t i r tic ir lr XII.) l t r . i v i r cl i t r t c c s tl : r p t , s c p o t r i t l i c i rt r c i t r r r r riit r l r c l r r i r i : 'l'rrbclul p a g i r r a r l c l r t l 5 s t l g c r c a z i i , a s c n r c n c a r , r n c l c r l c rrislluntl r c t l i s p r r s r r )( l c l ' c l r l c o r r r r r c r s r ir r r r l intcnliat1c sid - ; i s c l r i n r l r c suri si pcntru irrtrcllirrilcllrivitoarc la infirrcnlclc spcciticc carc [)rortot? drrc sclrirnbiiridc atiturlinesau de conrportar))cnt. Sii t)e conccntrirnr lr) (lc ii irrllrrcrrtcrrz. ir n' rr.n o d c o n c r c t ,i n a - { ; is c h i r n b ad c c i z i a l d i n n o t t a t c n l i a x s u p r i rr r n r r ig r u 1 l ,g r u p u l e c l o r c a r c a u s [ ) u : i ?nItrnir . ) i r r c c t l i r c c t i ca u l o c l r c c s t c sclrirrrlliri? i r r t r c l l i i r i i( a ) i s c l ) ( ) i r t c il rc r nrai nrr.rltc n r o c l r r r iS . d ne riisl)llr.r< c o n c c n t r i i n il l c u t ) ) a s u l ) r i t , , t : r i s t : r l i z a t o r ilk r lcrc ", i o t t t r c l r i c i t rrc ) ua t l , l a rt : i t r ca u a j t t n s l a r t v U t( ) i r r t c r t t i cc l r r r i it l c v t l t i r r l t t n a ( ) c t o l n l ) r i cc r t r n c i n n o i c r n l r r i c .( l r r n u l t ' i n a i n t ec a c i s i i i l o h o t i i r A r e p , uterni p r c v c d c r r c u d c s t r r l r ia c r l r a t c t cc c \ ' o r f a c c r r r a ir l c p a r t c :c i s e r ' o r octortrbric cii nu intentioneazd sil v<ltcze.Sc va ol;ser".-a cii nlarcr tttirjoritatc l t t n c r r t l r r i l o irt c c s t u ig r t t p g i - u r tr c s l ) c c r i l t l c c l r r r r r t i i l c .5 : (.) clin(r.5 v o l a t chiirr nu int i n n o i c m l l r i c . i n s t c c i ; r s c r r l c g i l r o rc i arc au trccut dc la pasivitate l a u n v o t r e a l a u l ) u s .c u r o t i i , $ t a n l p i l al ) c candiclapii republicani.Influenge accasta sclrirnbarc leggre nu prr)dLrs
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nr.ruLrfilst grcu dc itlcntiflcat. L',clripl dc ccrccttitori clin clistricttll ctl c c t o r t t l i l c i l , l i t i t c c s t ca l c g c r ic c l p r . r 1 i nc,i t t t t p l t t t i r llric olrscrvusc r c l l t t l r l i c a r uiit f i ) s tr n u l t n t i l i a c t i v dg i n r a i e l i c i c n t i l d c c a t c c i l d c m o i n o l l i l i a u l i r s ti n t r c b l p i c c cind cci filscalcgiitorr c r i r t i i .i r r t r - a r l c v i r , anunrc i-a clctcrnrinatsd sc ducii la vot, cll toIii au aflrnrat ci'ifttses c r i l v i z . i t a l i r r t t l t i r r r u lr ) ) o r n c r .d l tc t t r t a g c r t tc l c c r o r a la l P a r t i c l r r l t r i , r t r ci - r tc o r r t ' i t ts si l v ( } t c z c . l { c p r r l l l ir t r r rc carccotttrilrttic llrrc<lricntarc. l l i l c r i t c l cg r t t p t r r i A s rl c l , s t t r r l i i r r t< p u t c u r a r r u l i z ,irn r { l u c r r t c l cc a r c d c t c r n r i n : i m o d i f i c a r c au n o r c o r l t li cl i n s e $ i .t t n c i t t r p l a r g d c i t r v c s .r l x ) r t i u l l c l l t c .A c c s t c i tt ' u r n i z . c a zc iii i lattrcrtg i n r c g i s t r l c c c r tc c c i t c s c5 i ( : c c i lc c a s c t t l t r< t i g r r l i i .l ) t t t c r r r i ,t l s t : l t i t t r u c c s t c< l l l s c r v a l iiit,t r l t t l l l t ts c t l r .c irr rclrrtic l ) u ( c n rp r r r r c I r J r i l ck r r r r r c r r t a l c I .l n i i s r r l ; i c c tc i r a t tc o t t ; t i c l tif c i l l i r s c s c r iiln { l t r ri a t t r u l i r t t t r i s i t c n t u t i t l c o i r n r r r r r i t lrc i c t r t r i is a r rd c c c v r rc c a t t z . i s c rs i l)a$lcr . lt o ! i s r r b i c c g ia a c c s tl r r c n ri n i n t c r v i u r i l cs p c c i a lr l r g r r n i z a tc , f t ) s t l ) c c c s l t t ro l ltttitlizii I r i r r t l c l c c t o r i r t r r l t trin o l r i l . i r r l r l t c c r t z . t t r i l ncottltictttc. t) i lc l r t n r l tlcllista i r t l l r r c r r ; c lic stirtisti(i ririn i c o n r p l i r i r r [ ( A c c s t c t c h n i c i a r r l i r s t d i s c u t a t en r a i 1 l cl a r g i n t r - o l u c r a r cr c c e r ) t d . l in prczcntul studirr,crjntactelcfirpi in fa;ri s-au dovedit a fi cele de opinie. r n a i i n r p o r t a n t ei n f l u c r r g cc a r c a u s t i n r u l a t s c h i n r b r i r i l e c i l l l r l ) i u . r ic cl c c t o r l l i l , a c c s tl a p t n t t c , l ) r o I ) c l t t r t tc c l a n g r t j r ri t r)tr-() () [)r()v()citre. l r l l r i l , s t t r l l r i n / . i l t ( )c r ,l a r l t c n t r t t s o c i o l o gc l ' j ( ) r t s t i t t t i c

de ascnrcnca.sti $tim clirecgiile acestorschimbrlri:conduc ele la o intiirrtlrliltorrc rctlistrilruirc a o p i r r i i l o r ,s a u e x i s t l lu n n r o d e l r c c o g din prezentul studiLr a fit rnizat rdspunnoscibil ? Analiza rer>rientdrii suri prolinrinarc, dar relevante, la aceastd intrebare. [)cntnt uncle subgnrpuri speciticedin interiorul comunicigii,mod ifi ciirile de atitudine arr conclusla o nrai nrare unifonnitatc si ornogenilote: schimbdrilc opcratc la nivcl inclividual au adrrso nrti rnare coeziune intre n r e n r b L i ir c s p c c t i v c k r rs u b g r u p u r i . ' l ' o t u i ; i , l ) e n t r u c o r n u n i t a t c ai n sinc, ca intreg, schin-rbarea atitudinilor a produs o diversificaremai schimbdrileindividuale i-au condus pe menrllrii nrareqi o po/nriz,ttry: unui srrl>grup l a r l i v e r g e n t r9 ei m a i a d A n c i c r rm c m l l r i i a l t o r s r r b g r u p r r r i .V o n r a n a l i z r r x c c s t l ) r o c c si n d c t a l i u i n t r - t r r r t r d l in sullclpitolclc ultcrioarc alc accstci prefcgc.Ceea cc vrcrn sil cviclcrtgicnraici este cir, prin tipul de cercetare dinamicl angajat in prczentul studiu, problcmc prccum accentuareaclivajclor intre grupuri gi o rrai lrronunglrtri congtienti'are a intereselordc clasil intrrl in rlonrcn i u l t l c i n t c r c s r r lc c r c c t i l r i l o r socialc.

Cercetarea sociald ca provocare continua S u n t c r n d c r n u l t c c l r ia v e r t i z a gc i d r c z u l t a t c l cu n u i s t u d i u s p c c i f i c sunt valallile nurnai pentnr timpul gi locul undc au f<lst ini;iatc. lnsearrrn:laccasta cd rezultatele unui studiu l.ru pot fi niciodatl a c c l c a ; ii n c a z u l t r n u i a l t s t u d i u l A r t r c b u i s ' Jn c a p t c p t i i r r lra r c z u l trttc clif'crite, chiar ;i atunci clnd existil concligii sinrilarcl intrcb'Jrilc de accst tip sugcreazdfaptul cd termcni precunr ,,repctare" Ei ,,coroborarca faptelor" trebuie luapi in considerarecu mai nrult{ atenlic. De fapt, clnd douri scudiisimilaresunt concomitent valide aualizclccornparativcl)ocindcplini trci funcgii pozitive: 1. (iornpirragia r rrnt l x ) a t c i n d i c a f a p t u l c l r c z u l t a t c l cs t L r d i i k r s ide rrticc. Vonr nrrrni acca,sra/unclia de corvltorurc. 2. Oonrparalia lx)atc indica faptul cil, dc;;i rczr:ltrrtclcstaristicc ale celor doLli studii difer{. anali'za conditiilor sDccificc in carc au

i [)cpistrrrca cu u r r t o t l t t r i l c tlc cottrporc o n r l i l i i l o ri r r c l r c r r t i t r r r l i r r i ls t : r r l c n t s t t n t s c t r s i l r i l cr n , r i : r l c s l i t i r r l l t r c n l c l c n c n r i j l o c i t c ,c l a s i l l c a r c a t rr : c i tr n a i n r i t r cc f i c i c t r l i l c r r r c rtri p r r r i l o r clcinfltrcrrgc llcrsonalc p i n i c i p t t l ; l i c c ,c x a r n i r t : r r cs ai t u a t i i l o ri n c l t r c i r r f l t t i r r r r r o t l i f l c r r r co it

i ic l t i m b t l r i , c n t c l c f i - l r r r r a lp cr o v c n i t c d i n r n a s s n t c d i a p a rs i ip r o c l t r cs r l , r n tl l r 0 l l l c n r c t i l l i c c l l c n t r u c c e a c c n o i l t n t n t r t n i t t ( l i r t c r r c c s t c rs c c r c c t r r r c is l o c i a l i it l i r r i r u t i c r l . l)itr ccrcctttrc:r ccklr carc sc nu sc irrcltcic llrin irlcrrtificrtrcu . rcttr, rilz.ginrlcst cr ia i r r l l r r c n l c k l rc c d c t c r t r t i n i la c c s t cs c l r i n t [ : i I r iV l. lfirrrs/,ciscl,.\'rit' lt t'til l.'tuttrt.s, Ncw York, ilrrrpcrrtndllros.,l94X ( i i r p r t o l rX r l.

20 / ,llrrunisttu/ ootului f i r s t o l r t i n t t t c r e l . l l l t ; l t c l c v a c o n ( l u c c l i r i r c c l c r r l i c o r r r : l t r z i iA c n c r e l l c . \/orrr rr rr nr i ;rcclrsa'J_f prc if i crtr y. u tu / i a ie .r

l)rtftfut la crli1itt a lom / 2 | s t r t c l i u .A ) f b s r a s t f c l l l o s i l l i l s { d i s t i n g c n ti n t r c t k r u d t i p u r i c l e c c t i i tcni: cci irlc crirorintcntii dc vot au fost in arntotticctl l)oziliil sociuli, r u clil'erit c a z u r i l ec l c v i a n t e , l a c a r e i n t e n g i i l cs u b i e c g i l o a rcsl)ecrtiv parte. tlc ccle alc grupurilor clin care f'eceatt (lind au fbst studiagicei 54 de alegritorimobili s-a tlcscoJrcrit intcntrii concil, inaintc dc a sc rilzgAndi,36 dintrc ci cxprinra.seril , oar t r l l r cc l r r a c t c r i s t i c i l o l r l rs < l c i a l c i, r t v r c n r c c c . d u l ) i l s c h i n r b a r cd la conclttziacii 20 rn:ri constituiau cazrrrideviante. Astl'cl, rtnra.jrrrrs cle atitudine se petrec in direclia trnei mai mari consecmorlific:,irile (p. ltJT). v c n t c p i o n r o g e n i t d giin i n t e r i o r u l s u b g r u p u r i l o r I t c n t r u c l i s t t t d i r r ld i n 1 9 4 4i r a c o p c r i tn u r n r r ic c l c c i i t c v i ts ' . i p t t i c A n d c c i n c l t o t { r i g i s t t n t p t r t i r r i ,i t l i r s t rnirri din linalulcanrprtnici, dcllistat ur) nun)tr mai mic de astfeldc ceti;cni. Ivlai nrult, rrn indcx a l p r c d i s p o z i t i i k r rp o l i t i c e e s t e m a i p r r g i nv l l a b i l d l c i e a p l i c a tp c u n c $ a n t i o n n a t i o n a ld e c i t d a c ds e a p l i c dp e r c z i d e n [ i i u n r r i s i n g u r c l i s t r i c t$ . i t o t u l ; i ,i n p o f i d a t u t t r r o ra c c s t o r l i m i t l r i , r e z . t r l t a t c lc ce l t t i d c - r r ld o i l c a s t u d i u r c p r c z i n t do c o r o l r o r a r c aproal)c a f t n t i o r ia c c k r r d i n p r i m u l . i n 1 9 4 4 ,a f o s cp o s i b i l dm o n i t o r i z a r e a a 36 dc nclrot:lr , 2 2 d i n t r ee i ? g ie x p r i m a s e r d r l g i , i n a i n t e d e s c h i m b ae i n t c n g i ic a r c ntt sc incadrau in opinia predominantd in rnediul lor socirrl;dupri l)oiltc, rrstfel,sli nc sl)orcirscii incrcdcrca in rczttltatc care ar llutca fi 1'rttsc ar lr h irrcloiaklclar:tl s t l s l i t ) u t cd < l a rd c t t n r t l d i n t r c s t u d i i . I i : I r i lo a s e n r c n c a crlrolrontrc. q ; i1 l c3 6 i t r t r - l u r rrnui rcz.ultat l ) i l z . ap t c 5 4 d e c a z . u riin t r - u n s t r r < l i u rrltloilca i-ar li pusil la incloillil validitatca.l)fltoritil corolroriirii, rcirliz a t i i I ) r i l l s t t t d i i s u c c c s i v ec , o n c l u z i i l cs u n t n r a i v c r i d i c c . Analizele conrparative pot, dc asenrcnca, s'i conllrrnc concluziilc generalc artitAnd ctr rczultate diferite statistic reprezintri pr<ldusul unor condigii specifice diferitc. Ca str ihrstri'inraccastri , c v o n r i n t o l r r c cl a g r u l l r r li n c l c c i 5 i k r r f t t t t t ; 1 i c l c s p c c i [ i c a r cn l, r rc r r r t : l)e-al)r v o r b a d e s p r e c c i c l r r ca r rr l c c l a r a t nraircfcrit.It,stc ilr ilttcn,i, t r i l c l l r c c l c c t o r a l cc i t l u \ / o r v o t a , ( l a rc i r r ci n f i n i r l u r r r r r c r sl a t r n t c . in strrdiul din districtul Uric, to[i accsti srrbiccgi -rlu \'oril[ l)c t r i t r t s l ' c ra , t t n r a i r i l n r a s1 4 . () c<.x:rparalic intrc sttrdii sinrilarc

3 . I i n r c z , r r l t an t c g a t i v i n p r i n r r r ls t u c l i t r[ x ) a t c f i c l a r i f i c a tp r i u ncrilc rlcscr-rlrcriri alc cclui de-al doilca. Aceastar se \t^ numi fililftia r/e r lrtri/irare. S - : ri n t i i r r r g r l i c r ti r f ) r c z c n t t r l s t u t l i r r . sp ru t unrrl do a t i i l i c o r r r l ' r a r ic s i r r r i l r rU r .n r r ld o i l c r s t r r t l i t rt ,l c s l r i S u r a pt c o p c r i o a r l rn r l i s c r r r t i < ' tl c t i r n p , a f o s t r c a l i z a ti n t i n r p r r lc a n r p a n i c ip r e z i d c n t i : r l c d i n 1 9 4 4 ,l a . iroul de i n a c e s tv o l u l r - rB l l l l t r u a n i r l u l x l c c a r l c c a r c n c - a mo c l t [ ) a t ( , ' c r c c t i i r.i S o c i a l l c\ p l i c r r t c , i n c < x r p c r a rc cr rC c n t n r l N a g i o n l l p c n t r l l ( lcrcctirrca ( ) p i r r i c il ) r r l l l i c c5 i c t r [ . l n i v c r s i t a t c r lri n | ) c n v c r , : r i n i ; i a t r l < - r Litn dt c n ' i t t r i . p c u n c l i i r n t i o nd c u p r o x i r r r r r t i 2 v . ( X X< ) lcsubiccli d c I ) c i n t r c g r e r i t o r i u l f c d c r a l : r r n i n t c r v i r ri n a i n t e r l c a l e g e r ip i u n a l t u l c l u p l i . [ , a c c c o n c l u z i i v a c o n ( l u c c o c o n t p a m t i ei n t r e c e l e d o r r i i s t u d i i l V o r n s c l e c t a m a i m u l t e e x e m l ' r l e ,p e n t r u a i l u s t r a ; i c l a r it l c a r o l uI i tn r r I i z c lrlrcorlr lllrrativc. [ ] r r p r i n t c x c r r r p l u u r c i n v c d c r c c o r o l l o r i r r c ir c z r r l t a t c l , l r i .n s t L t d i r riln t r c p r i n s i n d i s t r i c t u l l i r i e , c x i s t a u 5 4 c l c a l c g i t o r i m o l t i l i , p c r s o a n cc a r c i ; i - a ut r a n s f c r a v c o t u l d e l a u n l l a r t i d l a a l t u l .S e r i d i c a c l i n r r o l ri n t r c b a r c a p r i v i t o a r el a d i r e c g i a schirnlldrilo< r l ea t i t u d i n e . I - l t t tl t r l t t s il(:cstc s c l t i n t l l l l rg i l cc c i c z . i t i t n l i i r r t r -ro r t l rr i n l r r cl t n r r o r r i c c t r i r l l i r r r c r n b r ia i s r r l r g r t r l l u r i l oc r i l r o r al c a p a r g i n c r r u s,a u s c l r i r r r l r t i r i l ca t t u n l t a t a l t l l o g i c l ? ( ) r ts r lr r i s l r r t t r r l c n l lr r l c c i r s tiirl r t r c l l i t r c;,r n rt i n r t t s c i u r ) rrtl c t t n f i r l l t r l c . j rc t o r r s t i t t l t ,p i a r r r r r r r c r i s i l r i t c i i k , lcrritorilor oragckrr i;i catolicii s t l n t n r r t i c l i s p t t s is i . I - v i o t c z . cl ) c d c l ) l ( ) c r i l 1 i r , t vrcrrtccc oartrc:rrii irtstrtrigi r u r a l i ls c r c g i i s c s c n r a i f r e c v en t i n [, ) r o t c s t a t r t ig i i pollulagia t a l r i i r ar c p r r b l i c l n r i . I ) c b a z - ra r c e s t o rt r c i c a r a c t c r i s t i cs i o c i a l ep i a i r r d i c : r t i i l o rp r i v i r r d i l l ) i l r t e n c n t al a r l i f c r i r c g r u l l u r i s o c i a l e ,a f o s t p r r s i b i l ic i orrstnlirca i o l i t i c e " .I u d c x u l , u r ) u i , , i n d e xd e p r c r l i s l l o z i t ip l l t r i r t t l t t l l t r i , n c - a p c r n r i s s r lc l a s i { l c r i no rriginilcsot;ilrlc illc tuturt)l: i n t l i v i z - i k lc r r rl l i n t l r c l c v a r r t c v o t r r l k r r i r r s l l r cr r r )l ) a r t i ds a t l l)cnrnt r t l r t r l(.l i c n t r r ro r l i s c t t t i c n r i r id c t a l i l t : lr r s r r p ria r r r l e r r r l r5 r ii a t i p r r r r i l i r i dc rnirlizii l)c citrc lc-a lcgitinrat,vcz.i CJallirolulIII din prezcnrul

22 / llenui-sntul vorului

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rcpu[)licani, in vrcnte ce in studiul din 1944 majoritatea acestor alcgiltori i-irr.r votat.;rc rlcnrocragi, La prima vcdcrc, lucrul accstaar putca fi considcrlt contradictoriu.A$a sd fie? in 1940,echipa electoralil rcpul>licand, la nivcl local, a fost de departe nrai puternicd; in l(),14, Conritcttrl pcntru Acgiunc Politic{ (democrat) era in mod c v i c l c n t n r a i a c r i v 1 l ct c r i t o r i t r li n t r c g i i l r l r i .M a i r n u l t , a c c s tc o m i t c t gi-ac0nccntrirtl)r.rtcrca dc convingcrc asul)raoantenilrtrcu vcnituri rcdtrsc,bazin<lu-scpc intui;ia cil, dacilvor vota, ci o vor fiace llentru c l c n r o c r a g(ij.i t i c l c d i r r s t u d i u l d c a t u n c i d c n r o n s t r c a z t cr{ i n r u i ; i a a fost corcctil.t)in 2()cleoameni (nrajoritateadin grupuri cu venituri rctlusc ai crrc nu avcau <lc giind sil votclz.c, dar au filcut-o in colc t J i r rr t r r r r i l )t,r c i i r u u l c s t a b i l r i rr c 1 > u l > l i c a r r i k r rl;7 i l)c cca a rlcrrrocratilor. analiza c<-rnrParativA Astfc:1, a unor stuclii elaboratc in condigii sociirlcsau istoricctliltrite poatc conducc la acelapi till dc concluzii, asa cunr sc intiirnplii gi in cazul repctiirii sondajelor.O comparagie intrc dcciz.iilcfinalc alc cclor cc v<ltcaztl in ccasul al cloisllrczccclca, la rrigtc alcgcri in carc propagandarepublicand estc puternicd, cu decizii similarc luate dc votanfi asemiinitori la nigte alcgeri in care sunt.active fo4clc dcmocrate conduce la acceagic<lncluziegeneralil: trn ultinr c[<rrtsuslinut cle a-i convinge pe indccigi str mcarg,tr la vot poatc fl dc nrarc ajuror llartidrrlui rcspcctiv. in silrgit. () cornparaticintre stuclii sirnilare poatc <iucela clarif i c a r c ar e z u l t a t c l o r i . n s t u c l i r rd l i n 1 9 4 0e x i s t a u a n u m i r e s e m n e c d nclrotilrillii crrrrr;i cci nrai indifcrcngi. I{cz.ultatula first ncagtclttat, c i l c i c x p c r g i i p o l i t i c i a t t a l l r n r i r ta d c s c a f t r l l t t r l c r l , i n t i m p u l r r n c i canrpanii,alcgltrlrul nrai intcligent gi mai prer)cupati$i va deturna votul de la intcnpia inigiall, pc milsurdce afl.Jnrai multe informapii concrcte clesllrc ;rlatformelc electoraleale candida;ilor, evaluAnd, dcci, gradul dc rczonabilitatc al accsrora in ceea ce privcgte rezolvarcaut)or posil>ilc c r i z c d c l l o l i t i c dc x t c r n A g i i n t c r n d . D c v r e m c ce rclatia dintrc cci nchotArligi 9i cei indiferengi nu era anricipard t c o r c t i c ,p r o g r a n r us l t u d i u l u id i n 1 9 4 0n u a u p u r u r a v e ai n s t r u m e n r . t c l c a d c c v a t cl ) e n t r t ta o c x a n l n a .

in studiul tlin 1944.Atunci, tuturor Situagiail putut fi renrediatri s u b i c c g i l o rc a r c i ; i - a u c x p r i m a t o i n t e n p i e d e v o t i n i n t e r v i u r i l c preclcctrlralc li s-au pus urmittoareleintrebtrri:Sunt preocupa[i ctl adevilrat dacil alcsul lor va c2gtigasau nu cursa electorald?Considcril cil cxisti dil'crcngeimportante intre cci doi candidapil Analiz.a t d c l c c t o r a t t t,l , m o b i l " ( a c c i t r r i l s p r r r r s t t r i llrilrr: r c c s t c i n t r c l l { r i a a r A t ac cllrc au v()tilt ilr) t:trnrlitlat clullil ce decIarascrrl crl intengioncazilsiI-[ votezc 1rcccliilirlt) cra in mod considcrabilnai ltu4irtprcocupat dc i r l c g c r i d c c i t c l c c t o r a t u l, , c a p t i v " ( c e i c l t r c a u , $ i v o t a t d u l l d c u r n dintre cei carc-siiir*rdzgiindir. tlcclarascrii cii o vor facc):38%o fagdde pr.rliucinc au spus cd ii intcrcseaz.il 2lo/n,.lintrc cci c'orrstarrli, 1'rrcir va ciiptigirirlcgcrilc, iirr 65%o dintrc cci ,,nrol;ili", ftr1il dc 46'/o,Jintrc cci ,,cirptivi", nll a!.rgtlsit nici o difcrcng',I inrllortrnt'J intrc cci doi candirlagi.li inrportant s{ observdm cd acesteexpresii ale indifercntei ru c()nstituic rationalizirifo.r{actutttale elcctoratului nrobil; clc arr fost irtrcgistratefuainteca schimbareasir se producii. I)rrtcrn astfcl clarilica un rezultat din stLrdiul inigial. Oanrcnii care-gischinrbziopiniile politice nu sunt filarte preocupa[i de carnpanie sau dc efcctul ei. lndiferenpalor este cea care le ingreuneazri dccizi:r, cilci surrt ttgor inf'tuengabili. O sinrpkl convcrsalie cu rrn rarliofol l r i c t c n i i i n r l r c a l l t l s l ) r c u n c a n d i d a t ,d u l l i l c c o c r r r i s i u r r c rriciiii convinsesesA-lvoteze pe contracandidat. Nu este imposibil, dc {irpt, ca trnii dintre cctd;enii indiferengisil nu sc fi hotdriit cu irrlcvr'lrrrt rrici la intrarcain cabinr de vot. Anr putrrt colr)l)aranrtnrai doul studii, i;i 1tc accstca rloar in 'lirtui;i, ciitcvir l)unctc, analizaconlparxtivda foscProductivL Nc-a sporit increclercain rczultatele studiilor individuale gi a confirmat unclc din interprctdrilc urai largi. in mod clirr, prin refirzul de a r c p c t a a c e l a p it i p d c s t u d i u , i n a c e l e a g c i ondilii sau in condigii dilcritc, s<,rciokrgii au ratilt o ocazie dc a spuri cuuogtin[clc l'unclar n e n t a l ea l e r l i s c i p l i n c i . S t u d i i l e p a n e l s - a up r e t a t i n m o d d c o s e b i r la asellenea reludri: logica lor es!e clari, iar aspecteleconrltarabilc alc unor situagiidif'crite pot fi izolate gi comparate cu uguringii.

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D i s c t r t i a n o a s t n ld c p i n i a c u n t n c - a i n d i c a t n l c r o d e g i l l l a n u r i ( l c c c r c c t a r c p r i n r : i r r cl x ) t f i o l ) l i n u t c ( l a t c r c l c v a n t c s o c i o l o g i c; i nu sc ()[)rc$t.c la colectarea lrrccisc l;tiinf ilic. [)ar ccrcctarcasocial?l u n o r a s t f c l t l c i n f i r r n t a l i i . I l s t c n e c c s a r io i i n t c g r a r c s i s t e n r a r i c ia r t l a t c l o ri n t r - r r nc ( ) n t c x tt c o r c t i c .N u n r a i a t u t r ( . n i c l)utcnta$tcPta ca c l a t c l cs i i f i c , 1 l ct l c o p i r r t c ,a p l i c a b i l c in sitrratis i ocialc c o n c r c t ci a r t p c t l c : r l t d l r r r r t cs i l i r r d i c c d i r c c l i i l c s l ) r c c r t r c i r r t r c l r r r i s is l cirrdrclltc , itr viitor ccrcctilrca. irr prinra ccligica cii4ii dc fat:i am inccrc..rr s{ ariiriim implicatiile nrai largi alc rcz.ultatclornoastrcconcrctc. Acrrnr se afli in curs de ( ) c c r c c t a r c r t r a i a m e l n r r n t i t ia rlcslli5trrarc i l l r o l t l c n r c l o rs p c c i f i c c c i t r c t l c c r t r gt l i n s t r r r l i r ro l r i g i n r r lr ,l a r r i l n r i i r r i l r c i i m u l t c d r : { r t c u t .A r { j u t i l , d c i r c c c a ,s d d c z . v o l t i i mn t a i c x p l i c i t c a r l r u l t e r l r c r i c s r r b r r m l r r c l ac i i n r i a ; r r c z . e n t us , r e c r r mp i l t u t l i u g i - a e x t r a sc o n c l u z . i i l cp i n r l l l i c a r i i l ct c o r e t i c c a l c r c z r r l t a t e l os ralc.

tlintrc ntcttrbrit c x a c t r r $ ac u n l a u v o t a t n l e t e u f a r n i l i i l e l ' l . l r . 7 7 % cotlr r c c s t r rc i f u l ' l t i ( ) na t t t l c c l i t r a tc : i p d r i n t i i p i l l r r r r i c i il o r v o t a s c r i l p a r t i d e l x r l i t i c c .i r t re i l t t l x i s t r a tt r a ( l i s t a n tl r n u l d i n t r c p r i n c i p a l c l e t i i l e < l c f t r r n i l i c : ; i l a ' . r l c g e r i l e< l i n 1 9 4 0 .A c c a s t { s t a b i l i t a t ei r l i r s t p o s i b i l i ip r i n t r - t r n f e l d c c c r a n p r o t e c t o rr i d i c a ti n j t r r u l a t i t r r c l i r r i l o r litrr<lrrnrcntal ic n. p o f i c l a a { ' l L r x t r l u i t l1 c' t r o p a g l t r r t l ic nrcrrtrrlc ;o i tttrrtp r o l l r r g r r r r rt l: i li t r cl - i t r p r r t c a i t t f l t t c n l i l l ) c l l c g i t o r , i l c c i l s t till l t i r r g c t c x a t t t i t t r t ra c t c n t i ls c ( ( ] t l s t i l t : i i r r l i x r rtcrrricd r n J s t t f t l[.) u 1 l ' .0 clL't:tiv ci cl accelltri si se cxpunii doar proplgandci cu carc csrc tlc:jirdc acord, fiind opac fagi de propaganda cu carc ar ptttca intra in clczacord. /[ 2 . O i r s c n l c n c i lc o n s c c v c n l i ln u l x ) r r t ef i c x l l l i c a t r ll l r i t t r c l c r i r c pi irltc lrr)tiicripigiil)arces l "a r r, , i n e r g i a "n a t u r i i u n ) a n c .C ) h i a rd i r c ' J a r p u t c a f l t l c s c r v i t c d c rr t t c n t i t t c r c r t l i r n c t i i s o c i a l cs a t t p s i h o l o g i c e l r i t u d i n i l o r c l c n t c n t a r c , a c e s t l t t c r t l r e p l e z i n t i i < t s t t r s dt l c r t r a r i s a t i s l r r c gli)i c n t n t i l r c l i v i z i n d c o s c b i i n c o t t t a c t c l ck r r t l c g r t t l l .I ) i i s i { cvitc sall sii t r i n d r r - g i c o n v i r r g c r i l cn e ; ; t i r b i t e ,c i s t l n t c a l t a l > i ls din nrcditrl ctt pcrsoartclc n r i n i n r i z e z cc o n f l i c t c l c ; i d c z a c o r d u r i l e acesteatittrdini. Astfel, atitudiltea c.onlor social, care impiirt2igcsc s t a r l t de s t c o n r o d a l i t a t cd e m c n l i n c r e a s e c t t r i t i lifi i n d i v i r l r r a l c . : r o c c s c l cc a r c individrra[c s u n t s u s fi l r u l c 1 l cp , 3. fccstc tcrrrlinpc s c i i l i r r i l c s t i i l r r u i v c l r r lg r u l l r l u i . i u t i r n l ' ,c c i r r d i v i d r r li i ; i n r c l r g i r r c sccttlitittcrt tlcr.cnincl oplc fa;il dc llropagantli cltrc ii attrcninlii d c c o n t a c t c l cc t r a l l i c o n v i n g c r i l c ,a t i t L r d i n i l e s a l c s L u r tc o t t s o l i d a t c nrcn'rbri ai grupulLri. Allarpinlnd accluiai;i grup, ei vor irnprirtii;i atitrrclinisinrilarc Ai vor manit'estatendinge ascnrtrnatoarc dc selccq i c . D a r a s t dn u i n s e a n r n i c i d t o g im c m l r r i i g n t p u l u i s c v o r c x p u n c cxact acclcia;;ipropagandesau cii vor fi influenta[i dc exact aceleasr [,lrrt]rrl asl)ecteale exlleriengelorconrune. Iiiecare inclivid vA il\/cra l r r i p r i v a t d c i r r l o r n r i r l i i9 i c a t a l o g u l l r r i p a r t i c u l a r< l c c x p c r i e n t c , c l r i l r rd a c l i i l c c s r c i ls u n I s c l c c t i r t cl ; i i u r l c q r t c c o r r f i l r n rl n ) o r s t i l l l t l a r r l cc o r t t u r t c . i n i n t c r a c g i r r r r i lle ui cu ccilalgi, f l c c a r c o n r f t r c c l l r r h l i c co l ) i r r t c t l i r r i n f i r r m a t i i l c l i d i n c x p e r i e n t c l c s a l c p r i v a t c ,t l r r ri r r t l c o s e b ip c

[)ute cmpiricc pi procese soci.ale S t u r l i u l d i n r l i s r r i c t u l I t r i c r r e - ac o r r d u sl a u n e l e g e n e r a l i z d r r i ele\ , r l l ) t cl ) c n t r r ro r i c c c c r c c t i l r cl l r i v i n d s c h i r n l r i l r i l c l a s c i r r rr lnicl alc . c s t c l r n t r f r t r n r c a z r lt,O t r r 5 i , l t i t . t t t l i r r i l ( )s r llu (x)n)l)()rtarrrcntclo Arc t t n s i s t c n rc ( ) c r c r r t S . u n t g c n c r a l i z i l rc i arc rrlciituicsc o l)untc irltrc l r r p t c ,a ; ; a crln)au [<lst clc obscrvatcg , i o t c o r i c m a i s i s t e n t a t i c dc ,e a$tcaptdincil siI fic dcz.volraril. Sunt nigte a{irnragiiclesprc procesclc socialc ;i rcprczintd, astfcl, gencraliz.dri la nivcl inalt, dacd le c o n r p a r i i n rc u a s c r t i u n i l c p r i v i n d f i r p t e l c c r n p i r i c c , d a r g i g c n e raliz.r'iri Ia un nivcl nrai sciizrrt,dacri lc corrrl)ariinr cu furnrulzirile teorcticc ciitrc cirrc asltirii ccrcctareasocialii. 'l'<xrtc corrclrrz.iilc t r o a s t r ct l c s p r c l t r o c c s c l c s o c i a l c r l a t o r i t r l c i l r o n rs c l ) c t r c c s c l r i n r l r i l rr i l c r t i t r r t l i n c s r r n ts t r i i r r s l c g a t ci r r t r c c l c , i n . l i l l c n t r u r l c r r r c r s r rc l l c f a l i v a f i s t r f i c i c n ts . J l e d i s c u t . J ns rcllarat. ..1. s c rcfcrri l i rs t a l r i l i t r t c a i r t i t u t l i r r i l oS r .u b i c c g i i ) l t t P r i r t tP t t n c t s t r r i i i r r l r r in ( ) s t n t a u a v r r t t c n t l i n t l ( l c a \ . o t a c a i r r r o t c l c a u n l ln r lal
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26 / llunui.ruu/ tolulrti ir a c c l c ac o r c 1 l r( j o l t r l ) ( ) r ta t i t u d i n ic ( ) l l t u n c . A s t f c l , t < l t ii n c l i v i z i is u n t s l r l ) l l f i r r n c i ; l l a j c r n a i l a r g i d c i r r f l u c n ; c s c l c c r a t c .l n t c r a c g i t r n i l c contrillrric la rrrtrplificarca i z , o l i i r i i n t l i v i z i l o r f a g r i< l c p r o p a g a n d a a r l v c r s di,n s c n s u lc i i l c l i r n r i z - c a zl irig u n r c n t c s u p [ i r t r c r r t a rc eu c a r e s i i - g is r r s l i r r ip i o z i t i a . I { c z r r l t i r t r rfli n a l a l u n o r l l s t f c l t l c i n t c r a < : g i r r n r i r t t r c r n c r r r l l r i i g r r r p r r l u i c s t c c o r r s o l i d a r c ai,n t t l r i r c r rr c c i l t r o c d i r l t t i t r t t lrrr i l o rc o n l ul l c . c r r l . r rs r ic l ) c r r c c ; i s c l r i r r r l x t rl i,.l s t ci r r r p o r ( .l..ti totuli,irr rrrrclc t.'nfi" acceil, s r id c t c r n t i n r i r n concligiili cn c i r r ca t i r u t l i n i l ci i ; i p i c r c l s t a b i l i t a t c al,) r c c u r ni ; i l l r r c c s c l c l ) r i n c a r c a u l o c s c h i n r b i r i l c . (in lrscrrrcncrr d c P i n c l ct l c a c t i v a r c i r c x P c r i c n g c l o r ; ; ia l)r()ccs i t l c i l o ra n t c r i o a r c . l i i c c a r co r n l x ) i l r t riin s i n c g c r r r r c n ia i u n o r o l r s c r v r r t i i5 i : r i r r r r o r c x l l c r i c r r l cl ) c j u l n i i t l r t cu i t i l t c , c t l r c s u n t . i n r r - r r r r atrttrrris t c r ) s . , , r c c c s i v c "d , c o l l i c c i l ) c r l t r u c A n l r s c i n c a c l r c a z i in t r a r l i t i i l cg i i n t c r c s c l cg r u p u l u i c i i r r r i a i i a l ) a r l i n .1 i r t r r 9 i ,i n a n u n r i r e c i r c u r t r s t a n t ci , n t i r r r p t r lu n c i c r i z c s t r r rc l c - a l u n g r r l u n c i p c r i o a c l c t l c l l r o l l u g i t n t l riin t c n s d ,c l c p o t l l i r t l u s c l r r l r r r . r r i r r A ii. gloiclc ltot c o n t l t t c c l r ro r c s t r r r c t u r a r a c atitudirrilrlr s i , l x ) a t c ,i r r u r r c l c c a z r r r i , la r.r schirnbarc a a f l l r c r i id c g r t r p . la sclrinrbirre sunr mai clesintdlnite in r. S.'Ascmcneaprcdispr-rz.itii c"zil ,,,t,ncnilor supuli llrcsiunilorc<lnllictualc. in socictatca ltoastril, rrtit tlc corrrplcxrt , r r l i v i z in ir i u al)rlrlin u n u i s i r ) g u rg , r u p .l i i s r r r r t s t t l r r t ; ir t n c i v r r r i c t i i gd i c rrfinitrtg sio c i u l c l ) r i n ) r l r c c : l i r s al o r s o c i a l d , g r u p u l c t n i c , a f l l i c r c a r c l i g i o i r s da ,sociagiilc inlrrrrnalc din care lirc p a r t c .A c c s t c l t o z . i g i o t t i i tr l ii s t i r r c t cv r l r t l c t c r r n i n i rt c r r t l i n l c c o r r l l i c t t t i r l ci n c i r z , ua l l t u l ) ) i t o ri r r t l i v i z , u i : n c l l t o l i ci r r s t i i r i t < , l cc x c n t l l l u , a r rcligioasc i l t r a g ? n t r - oc l i r c , c ! i ci , n l ) u t c i t s i i t l c s c o p c r cc J a f l r r i t r i r i l c vrcntc cc poz.itia s o c i a l ta i c l i r s c is a l ci l t l r r c ci n d i r c c t i ac o n t r a r d . lar ciinrlsitrratiilu ^r ) t ) ( ' r c t c C . r c c u n ]o c . l m p a n i ec l c c t o r r r l di,i l l r c t i n d [) o tlcciz.ic f c r r n : i ,c l c n c v o i t s r id c c i d di n s l t r c c x r c g n l p s c i n r l r c a l l t i i sa. l l r i r l r i t a rl o i l r l i t a t c a I ) r o l l l c r r rta l c t c r r n i n i i r il ic l r r l r r i i rc r a r cs u r r tr.c z o l v u t c a c c s t cl ) r c s i t r r rc i o n l ' l r c t u a lc cs t c r r n at l i n t r c p r i n c i P a l c l c s a r c i r ra ilc c:crcctiirir socialc. LJrn.riltoarclc irrtrcltirrisultt rclcvante pcntnl aceastlic()nc: x i r t n c : i , . r . , r r cr l i n t r c d i f ' c r i r c l c l r r i a l l l r c r id c g r r r Pr c s i n r r ei n t j i v i c l r r l

Itnft*t h ulilia a doua / 27 pentru erlc astt'cltlc chcnrilri conflictuale? Existd reguli generurle a n t i c i p a p c a c c l c ac a r c s e v o r d o v e d i m a i l ) u t c r n i c e ?C i t i t o r u l v a rrflac:i nrultc clirrtrc rczultatele prczentulLristudiu sunt relevantc probler-nri, dcgi nu se pot face,d<lar in accitstel llrintr-o singurii inves-fotupi, gencraliziiri tigagic, certc despreun subiect atat de complex. l ) l c t o ( l r lr l c z v o l t r r t riln s t u d i u l d i n d i s t r i c t u l ' E r i c a r p u t c a f u r n i z . a nrijlorrt:clcrlc a rilsl.lttnrlc la accast{ intrcbarc. Ce tip de comporso r l t r c s i t t n ic r l n l l i c t u r t l c l t : l n l c r r tr r t l o l l t d un on) sr.rl)r. urn Am dcscopcrit in aceststucliucd,in comparaliecu rcstul pnpulafiei din lirie, celor care au rcsimgit llresiuni conflictuale le-a luat mult mai nrult tirnp sri ajungri la o decizie de vot dcfinitivri. Dar o astfel de intirzicrc rru cstc sirrgurarcacgic posibile.Alternativclc sul)t nunteroasc p i c o r n p l c x c ,d c I a r c a c ; i in e v r o r i c ei n d i v i d u a l c ,c u m a r f i i n c a p a c i tateade a sc hotdri pAnain final, la solupiile intelectualecarear putea r:onducc la noi rnigcririsociale,Multora din intreblrilc dcrutantc r l c s p r cr c l a g i a d i n t r c a t i t u d i n i l ci n d i v i d u a l ep i m e d i u l s o c i a ll i s e v a riisl)unrlc cind lrccstcproblcntc lcgatc dc presirrniloconflicl)r.rtca tLIalc5i dc rcirctiilc firlrtde clc vor fi c<lnrlllctgi corcct studiatc. ( e. Oe, cAnd vorbim despre un ont gi despre mediul in care t rrilcSt'c prinde gi algioameni. sinr plilici'im p roblema, cdci mediu l cr-r ( l u n r s c d c z v o l t i ia t i t u c l i n i l e prin l o r l S a u ,c a s d n e c x p r i m d m a l t f ' c l , qi rlatoritd r;cnrccarrisnrc c i l r o rc v o l u p i ii p i s t a t l i l c A t c un gnll) atitLttlinicorrrttnc? [)in norr, prr-rblcnta accastanc duce sltre mai t)]ulte dirCgrl. Srrntcrrr n c v o i l i . i n p r i r n u l r i i n d , s i l - i s t u d i c n t p e l i c l e r i id c o p i n i e . \ i n f i c c a r c g n r p s o c i u l ,c x i s t ' Ji n d i v i z i m a i a c t i v i g i c u o p i n i i f t r r m r r l i r t e r r r a ic o c r c n t . l i i s L r n tm a i s c n s i b i l i d c c i t c c i l a l g il a i n t c r c s c l c gruptrlui pi nrai ncrribddtori str se exprinre in problcnrelc inrportantc. llste rclativ uporsd-i identificdnrgi si cercetdm prin ce difere ci clc n'rajorit.rtca nten)l)rilor grupului. i n s t u c l i u lc l c f a g d a r n c l c s c o p e r ic tI una dinrrefunctiile liderikrr o p i r r i c rlc c s t , ci l c c c ac l c n r c t l i a t o r i n t r cn r a s s n r c t l i ai ; i n r c r r r l > r g i in r p u r i l o r l o r . S c l ) r c s u p u n c .c l c o b i c c i , c : l o a m c n i i o b t i n i n f o r n r a t i i l c c l i r c c tc l i n z i l v c , d c l a r a d i o 5 i d i n a l t e m e d i i . l { e z u l t a t e l e n o a s r r e r r t tc o n f i r n x i a c c s tl u c r u .l v l a i o r i t a t e o aamenilrlr au dobindit o marc

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gi idcilckrrprincontacte personale din infornragiilc cu liclcrii l)artc trrrnilrcrru dc o1>inic ai grttllttrikrr. urnr;l Acc;;tilclin rnass nrctlia mai nrrrltdcciitalgii.l;luxul in doi paq;i al infrrrnratiilor cstc dc rr cvidcnt{ inrpclrtantri <lricc sttrdirr al llropagarrdci. l)racticd l)cntrlr Conccptulrlc liclcrcle opinic nu estc ncru. in numcroascle s t t r t l itil c s p r e , , 1 x l t e r c " . , , i n f l u c9 nig ne is , ,d c" onclrrccr " ea l r ) i n t c $ t c
cil irt ficcarc cotttltttitittc: cxistli ciigivaorttttcrrirrrai tlc sc:trnii,crtrc s t i t l > i l c sn c r < l d at r i s t r r r ti n r i t a t i t l c c c i l i r l l i . [ ) a r i n v c s t . i g a [ i n a()astrii s t t g c r c a z ic i i l a c e s tc o n c c l ) tf r r m i l i a r t r c b t r i cn t o d i f i c a t , i n t r u c e ti i t i n r i t c t r r l c i i i n f l u c n ; a r c ao 1 > i n i cfiu n c g i o n c a z l .t iu i r r t t n r r rv i e r t i c a l ,d c l a viirf sllrc bazri, ci gi oriz.ontal c;x i s t : il i t l c r i d c o p i n i c i n o r i c c p l \ t t t r r i socrllll. / ( 7 . I h r l l u c n f a r c ao p i r r i c i d c c d t r c l i d c r i c s t c d o a r u n u l d i n t r c --/, p r i n c a r c s c f b r n r c a z ia nrccirnisnrclc l t i t u r l i n i l cu n r r i g n r l ; . [ J n a l t r r l c s t c c c c ac c s - an u l n i t , , c n r c r g c r r g a s" a t t, , c r i s t l r l i z A r co p rr "i n i c i . I i v c , u n t r t rl i o c u n r p a n i c n i r n c n t c l c p u l l l i c c . s o c i a l cc c l c c t o r a l i l l,) r e t i r ) ( l i n r r r o rc l o n s t a n t l c c i z , is irru r n i l c a r o l l i n i i$ . i r n c r r r I r r i i u n rg r ir t t l l s c s u P u n a c c s t o rc c r i n g c ,c h i r r r ; i a t u n c ic i i n r l n r r c x i s t r ir r i c iu n i n c l i v i < l anunre pc carc sii se poati bazir pcntru urr sfat. Clci dinccllo dc l i c l c r i id c o p i n i c p i d c a s t r p r a lor cxistiiintcracgiunr i c c i p r o c ci n t r c n r c r n b r i ig r t t p t r l u i ,f a p t c a r ci n t r i r c l t cs c r r r i r ] ) c n t c l v ea g i a l c f i e c i i r r r r irrdivid.[)c rniisttric i c a u k r c a c e s t ci r r t c r r t c t i t r n s i ,c c r i s t a l i z c a z io i n o t r dd i s t r i l r r r l i c i r r , p i r r i i l o;ri a i r t i t r r r l i n i l o i lrr t i ( : u l i l t c . in cscnlLi,1'lroccsul ilccstaclc cnrcrgcn:ri cstc () irltil faz.ilu 1lr<iccsuluidc consoliditrc r l i s c u t a tn r a i s t t sl a l l u n c t u l ( 3 ) . C ' l i r r cc lxistd prcjtrdccilpin , tcractiunilc lc vor consoliclp a r r rg i s i r n p h r c ; iindcxistd d t . r a r r n c l c s c n t i m c n t c v a g i , i a r n u i l t i t L t d i r rlil r o p r i r r - z i s ci,n t c r i r c al c c s t cs c n t i t ) ) c n t ci n o p i n i i f c r n r c , l i u n i l c r c c i p r o c cv o r c r i s t i r l i z r A s c n r e n c ac n ) c r g c n t c a l c a t i t u r l i n i l o rs a u a c t i u n i l o ra u f o s t s t L t cliirtcc , l c r c g t t l l l .r r t t r n i tiin l c g r i t u r ic i rrfcnorrrcrrclt cl c l l a n i c l is i l l tc l l i r r c c r c l i r i l cr l c a i n t c l c g c , , c o n l l ) o r t i r r r r c r r trrrrrl r r l l i r r r i l r l r " A .cclcrrr;i i i n r r t o t t l c a u n ad r r c i n n r u l t c a l t c s i t r r r r t is l ) r o c c s cs c l ) c I r c c ,t ( ) t u s i , lu turbulcnqi sau la violcrrgrI i. l l c s c p et r c c o r i t l c c i t c o r i u n c r r r c i r t d c p r o p i t g : t n r l ri ir r r t n t l r o i corrrtrnitlrtc r ',i r r r l r r r c l:o t ; t r r r c v c n i r t r c n t

de grtrp..$i, din cattza sdse ia o decizie saucirrclurmcazd irnpurtant gcrrcrrrlitillii sI studient lor,cstcinrl)ortant in cc condigii li in cc fcl accstccrnergen[e. se tlczvclltil rle notat cll, fcrrmulate in acestfcl, intrebdrilc liste inrcresant cu carese conopinieisunt similarcproblcntelor dcspreformarea civdd frecvent stabiliDe exemplui fnrnt'ide mulgiani economigtii. pe o funcgiea intcracgiunilor dintre ofertelepi zarcal)returilorr:a ccrcrilcunui nunrilrdc indivizi.Accstlttcruestc,in mocllogic, cu considerarea distribugiei olliniilorintr-un gnrp drcpt un sirnilar cilz irr nici ur.r al interac;iunilor dintre mai nrulti <-rameni. rcz,ultrt prin acgiirnilc flnirlnu poatcfi explicat rczultatul ai opiniilcantescparirt. rczultatltl irlcirrclrviz.ilor riourc considcragi in anrllclccazuri, sectlndar unor interacgiuni, careau ca llrodtts finalcstc rczilltanta ccye-cc nu a cxistatirutinte, ( fl. \lai cxistii;i un alt factor schimbarea de opinie. caredctcrmim'i in ctrrstrl intro icrarhica stabilit',tlii. tlpniii" par sI fie organizate nivelrtrilor maistahilc. rrncicirrnparrii, cclc nraiflcxibilcsc adaptcazil sdliiccitrcp'.rrticl politicdcpincun set dc principiipe cxreitrccarcil mul;i oameni La inceputul unei campanii, I inrpundalegtitorilor. gi unele la [a intrcbdri diur rdspunsuri ,,democrate" ,,republicane" exist'tr avanseazil, tendin[aca altele.Dar, pe rntrsurii ce campania opiniei cf,tnraimtrltoroanreni si dcvinildin cc irt ce mai stnlctrlrrl sLrbiectele pot fi ordonate in omogcnri. CAndstudiemschinrbirile, dc vot e.stc [urrclicclc gnrdrrllor cleflcxilrilitate. Intcngia ceamai atituclinile unorsubiectc tind sddevin:I stal>ilii; asupra mai spccificc partidului.Printreilccste subiccte, cu Poz.igia dc ascconrpatibilc existi unele carc par sil fie detcrminatede cclelalte. in nrenclr, clirr1940, opiniiledesprcpersonalitatea candidacarnpania de pildri, asupra unortemespctiloratrfostrclariv stabile, in tinrpce opiniile ecolronrice, llu putut cifice,precrnnrolrrlgrrvernrrlui in problemele fi irjrrstatc in lirncAic dc evirluarcit rcsl'rcctivc. llcrsorrirlitrililor Accstcas;uut(loarcitcva dintre proccsele carc contritnie la pi nrotlilicarca frrrrnarea opiniilor.Dar elc ne-arputeaajutas{ r',Ispi anunre la o intrcbare pusd antcrior, claclsclrinrbilrilc dc littn<Jcrn

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atituclincsc mi$ciiintr<r dirccAic Cllci, fic crai proccsulschinrltrccisii. b d r ii i r np l i c r ir c z o l v a r c a p r c s i un i l o r c o n f li c t u a l c , i n f lu c r r ; i rl i d c r i l o r tlc opirric: c,v c r r i r n c r . r t co lc lricctivc srru intcraclirrnilr cc < : i p r o c c rc , zuli l r c s u ; l u n co c ( ) c r c n ; i n tirtul sclrintbilril l r a i n t i l r c , a t A ti n i n t c r i o r u l g r u l > t t r i l o rc , i t g i i n p r i v i n l a i n d i v i z i l o ri n g i g i .I ) e n r i l s r r r ic le ?rceste n r o r l c l c a z ,id p i c o r r s c n s uiln t r o ; i m o d i f i c . to l l i n i i l c , s l ) o r c i i t c [)roccsc ; v c r n ,a s t f c l ,o n t i $ c a r c rtrcn)l)rig i r r r p r r l r r ia s i n r u l t a r r ic l r l t r co r r r o g c nizarca din intcriorr.rlgrupului gi ciitre ltolarizareacrcscindil intrc g r u l l u r i l e p c c a r el c - a m d e s c r i s l n a i i n a i n t e .$ i , c o r e l a t i v , pe mlrsurd cc inclividrrlsc conf<rrntexz d n.r a i p r o f u n d m e d i u l u i s d r rs o c i a [ r ,ezolI ' i n r l p r c s i t r n i l c o r r f l i r : t r r a l c ; ; i c r i s t a l i z i n ds uc -n 1ti i n l c n t c l c v u g ii r r ( ) l ) l i u n i[ c r r r r cr ,n r r l t c r l i n t r ci n c o l ) s c c v c n g cd lc in caclrrrlsctulu si l u d c r r t i t u r l i n iv o r d i s p i i r c a . r iu a n t c a z dr e z l r l t a t c l es t l l i n s l i r s i t , d e g i a c c s t eg c n c r a l i z a ' in r l i u l r r i d c f a t d , e s t c i m p o r t a r r ts d l c r c c u n o a ; t c m c a r a c t c r u lp r e l i rrrirrirr altor situalii sltccificcp<latc ; i c x l r c r i n r c n t i r l .l n v c s t i g r r r c a riit t rl x r l t c i r r r l i c i r r c v o i i r l c i r l c n r o t l i f l c a c o t t t l t t c cl r t t u l i g c t t c r i t l i z , ds pc cclc sclrigatc a i c i . N u t r c l l u i c u i t a t t lr c l a ; i r r d i n t r c :r r n s t u d i u la care nc refcrint. Accastarezunt'i l)articulitr;i tiptrl clc gcncralizirrc i n f t . r r r t r t g ia ar l u n a t : lp r i n J a c u n r ,d a r n u e s t e n u r n a i a r i i t .G c n c r a l i 'J . r . ; l r i lo c 1 > c r c i r zd c, a s c n t c n c i tg , i c t u n g l r i t l r r lr r o i l o r c c r c c t r l r c i ,i l c i , l i r r i r r d s c a n l at l c c l c , ; t i r n d c l a i n c c p u t c c s i l c i i r r t i l r t rI.i l c s r r n t , t o t u $ i ,p r c a g c n c r a l c .C o n c c p t c l e p e c a r c l c i m l t l i c i l t r c b u i e a c l u s e l a r c p c r c s l l c c i l i c c ,a c l a l l t a t c l a s i t u t g i ac o n c r c [ i I .N u r n a i p r i n n o i c c r c c t i l r i; i p r i n i n t c r d c p c n d c n [ ap c r n r a n c n t dc l i n t r cc l a t eg i g e n e raliz.iiri sc [)oatc rcaliza trn [)r()grcs sistcrnatic.

dczbatcri intportartte,se ajunge la decizii de vot prin intermediul in recentele campanii prezidengiale,ctlnl unor [)roccscsllc:cifice? lr tl ccle strrtlirrtc i n 1 9 4 0l i 1 9 4 4 ,a u f o s t p u [ i n c c o n t r o v c r s ci l l t r c cclc clouil pirrticlcinrportante.Ca atare,traditia ltoliticil i;i echipelc au fosr l'actoriilrordritori in luarea deciziilor de vot. dc ciurrl'rirnie A c r r r r ri.n s i I ,c x i s t r it o t n ) a i r n u l t c d o v c z i c ' JP a r t i d u l R c p r r b l i c a np i s e i n d r e a p t ds p r e u n c o n f l i c t t o r m a i a c c e n t t l a t I ) a r t i d r r l[ ) c r r r o c r a t muncii. in ceca cc privc;;te protrleme esenliale,cum ar fi legislagia posioferi prezidengiale condigii. r,iitoarele ne-ar campanii in a.ettc atitudinile fagdde problebilitatea cle a stucliacum se cristalizeazd atituclini de tratliliilc nrclc tlcz.biltr.rtc 1i cunr sunt dctcrnrinatcaccste tlc vot gi rlc irrllrrcnlclc dc gru1l. A s c r r r c n c ai n f o r r n a l i i p o t f i o b j i n u t c g i p r i n c f c c t u r t r c at t n o r studii sirnilare asupraalcgerilor locale,$tinr ctl, de cele mai multc pe problemele localegi cd, in multe dintre ori, atcngiaeste centratei ci s t e i n c i l c a t { d e c o m b i n a g i i l et e m p o r a r e a c c s t c r l l,i n i a p a r t i c l r r l r r partir l c i n t c r c s c .i n a s c n r c n c a c o n d i t r i ia , ctivitilgile a l c g r r r l r r r r i l oc i ! r r l r r is t t p t l i r n i t a t c .i n a i n t e c a i n d i v i d u l s i l a j u n g r ll a o d e c i z i c d e vot, cl trebuic sri se hot'irascdasupraopiniilor sale privind problen r c l c s i p o l i t i c i l c l o c a l e .E l p o a t e f i d e s c h i si u f l u e n ; e l o r p r o v e n i n d tlirr rlivcrsc sursc,iur proccscleprin carc ipi va edifica hot'trrircitltot ll ditcritc cle acclcacare au funcpionatin rccentele campanii prezi--dcrrgiale. vrea sd afltrnrmai multe despre pcrsonaliin al doilca riincl,arr-r t a t c ap i n r c d i u l s o c i a la l c e l o r c a r ei g i s c h i m b da t i t u d i n i l e . A c e a s t a arl)rcsttl)unc s t r r d i id c c a zd c t a l i a t e , a t a ta s u p r a v o t a n I i l o ri n s t a l l i l i , c i t g i a s u l l r ac e l < l r, , c a 1 > t i v i i "n . studiul clindistricrul Eric au fost realizatc inrcrv'iuri speciale cu prinra categorie menfionatil, dar lbndrrrile linritate de care dispuneam nu ne-au permis sA mergem rltet (lc dcllarte pe cic am fi dorit sau pe cAt era necesar, ( ) r rt r c i l p r o l l l c r t r i \ cgrltrrra dirrtrcirrfhcngclc tlcz,vil1 > r i r r c ; tlc luite prin analiz.a esat)tionuluinostru ;i re;eauaglobali de inf'lucngc gi clc clccizii din irrtcrionll con)unitrltii, I{cz.ultatclc obgintrte I)e ci;irntioancnLl l)ot fi inlclcse decit atunci ciind sc ia in considerarc

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unele dintre accste I)in f'ericire.avem ltositlilitateade a str.rdia dc llildil, a rczultat ;;i drn c;;ccLrl nostru in studicrca apro[trnclattl ir i p t r c b i i r i . O r l r r r i t c t u l l ) c l t t r u E v a l u a r c a O l l i n i c i l ) t t b l i c e , a A t i t u in r ,f i i n g a t{ c ( l o n s i l i u l N a r i o n a l i n t r c g i i c o n r u n i t r l t i .A b i a c : i t r cs f i r ; i t u l i n t c r v i r r r i l o ra m a f l a t d c l a t l i r r i l o r 9i DgrinlelorCjonsttnratgrilo r c s p o t r r l c n t ic l t d c i r t t P o r t a n t d i r f o s t c c l r i p a r c P L r l t l i c a n ilio c a l r i r l c ( l c r c c t r i r c ; i t l c C o n s i l i t r l d c C e r c c t a r ci n f i t i i n l c l c S o c i a l c 'a p c n t r u l o r n r a r c ao p i n i c i . i n a c c l l r l o n t c r ' r ti,n s i i , n r r n r a i c r a p o s i b i l olrtinut f<rncluritlc la littndagia Rockefeller llentrtr I sttrdia teoria c a d n r l g c n c r a la l c o r n u n i t : i 1 i L i .I n ad i n t r c l i n r i t d r i l c s t u d i r r h rd i e ftrgd, r ancl, s r ls t t r t l i c t r r s i t r r a g i i;tl o l i t i c ' J irr nrotlir<lccvut. ; i r r p l i c riri l c t c l t n i t : i l o p ( d ( ) d c l i c i c n l i l r t s c l t t r l r r i t r ) ur c p r c el c s t t t d i t t l r r i i p t l i s t r i c t r rll' l r i c ,r r llrirrr t l i r r l r r z , c l c l i r p i r r a ra l ) r ( ) v c r r i5 t i t l i r r l r t p t r r lc r l n r t i - r r r r r s t t r d i a tn r a i i n d c a p r o a l ) cl ) c l i d c r i i d c o p i n i c l o c a l i .( . l i i n ds u b i c c g i r t l c v c l i t c l a r c i i t c l t p i c a i n t e r v i u r i l t l rr c l ) c t ' J t ct t t t t r c l l t t i c c i t t t 5 i t l c l a s t r t d i i l e p r i v i n d p r o p a g a n d ap o l i t i c i i . I l a c s t e o s l ) l l n c a u c d p r i n r i s e r : iu n c l e i n f o r n r a f i is a u s f a t u r i d e l a a l t c p e r - [ ) r t t i n r e s t r i n s a r soAr)c, accst fir[)t cra inrcgistrat gi cr:r clctcrntinatriintreuga razriclc nrctodii gcncralil, aplicabilnoricdrtti stttclitrastll)raatitudinilttr carc intr-o itl)ttlt.litliperioadd tlc tinrll. 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T o t u g i , i n z i t t r t a l c g c r i l o r l - a : aractcristic sorralc, f i l o s o l l c s o c i a l i i ,i s r < l r i c t r r i s : i t u r i dezgustat,chiar la sflrpirul campanici, t l c p c r s o n a l i t a t c , \'orirt Rrlosevclt. l.-usesc ltoliticil, l)c r c l r r l ic i t r r r l t io r r r r r c l ro i, p i r r i il l r i v i r r t 1 at f i o c c r l c t o r i c d c v o t t l r i d i n p a r t c a l u i l > r o l t l c r n cllc cg i l t cr l c r r l c g c r i r l c c c c a c c c l a r : o n s i < l c r a i il c s p r c t ( ) tc c l l r l ) u r c i r c()ntrilrrl tr i rc r r r r o i r $ t c r c i\r\ ' i l l k i c 5 i r r l i r s t g r t t t c r n i c ai t l c i r t f l u c n p a t l c c o l c g i i l u i d c l r rt r z . i t r s l ) c : i c r t r ti,r r l i r r n r i r lc l i r r r r r i t rp i ir c { c r i n t c k r lrr r i l t o l i t i c c . r votttltti srlttilttstrcazi'l Povcstcacristalizilrii rurgicdunrle crrrangrrjut. V o r n c x c r n l r l r l i c ac f ' c c t u la c c s t c it c h n i c i r l c c l r c s t i o n i r r e l ) c u n t i p L r lt l c r l a t c c a r c n u a u f o s t d i s p o n i b i l e p i n i i l a i n t r o d u c e r e a crrz irrtlivitlurr l . A c c s rc x c r r r l i l te r s t cr r r i l ) i c . s c n s u l t ' is i u b i c c t u l s - a t c h n i c i i i n t c r v i ur i l o r r c p e t a t e . in t r r z g i n r l i tn r r i r l c s t l c c l i t r r r c r l i i r i r l c g r l t o r i k r rr,l i r r l r l i r s t r r l c s i n t . c r r rlcci, cpantionul a fost clescnrntt cil o Inct(xltI nlai Itcz.rrnriind, ( r r r l i o r t r t t , s i l r l r i l t i l nc l u l n s c l ) ( ) tr t n n i l r is c l r i r r r l r i i r ip lc r i r r i n t c r v i c - c l j c i c r r t ,ttl c i r i r j r r n g c cc : t t cc f c c t u l s t a t u l i ri n t r c l ; i r i l c c s c r r l i r r l c l C r r r varc rc[)ctrtii. oatnenii dc congrcr,<rtului? Cum sunt influengagi tului socialasu[)rx r\ccst tiirrzir. indccis in lrrnamai, l-a votat pe Roosevcltin noiem- scle partidelor gi de candidaturi?Ce roljoacd propagandaformalil bric. [)irr ar fi irrcorcct s i i l ) r c . s u p u n e nc ri i i n t r - u n a n u r n i t n . l o n ] c n t D a r p r c s a p i r a d i o u l ?C a r e e s t e i n f l u e n ; a f a m i l i e i g i a p r i e t e n i l o r l r t l r : i r r r r P r r r rc ic l is - a l r o t i i r i t l l t t r g i s i r l p l r r , o t l l t . J l ) c n t n t t o t c l c a r r n a . Lintlc i;i curn al):lr controversclel De ce ttnii oamcni se ltot{rutsc l ) c l a p t , i l t t l r t t t r t t tc l r i t r ct l r n i tr l c v o t , c l i r r r r r n r rl t ul tlilr;cu c t t t t tc v o l [ t c a z i li n t c t ) ! i a o c o l i t . nrrrr i l c v r c r n c ,i r r ri r l l i i r n i r it l r z . i u l l ) c s c [ t r t , [ r r r rt r n a l c g r i t o rc r r c c l r r c r r g r ic t r e d i ca i c r r r r n n i v c l s o c i u - c c < l r r o n r i ctic vot? I)c cc v()tcirzA I)rin dcducpic logicil oamenii aga, iar nu altl'el? l ) u ( i l t l ) c s t c n r c t l i c . L a i n c c l t t r t ,l - a l t r e { ' c r a 1 t t c ' l ' a f t l a c a n d i d a t u r a 5i llrin raportareadirectii la cei chestiona[i,vonr itrcerca sd ariitiint r c l l t r b l i c a n i l ( ) r[.) c t ] t n rc i i a c c s t av c n c a c l i n O l t i o . P c d e a l t : i p a r t c , c e i n f l u e n g es - a um a n i f e s t a t i r n p d c g a p t el u n i p e n t r u a d e t e r n r i t t a c r r ti r r t ; l i r r i r str i - i\ , ( ) t c / . c l l t c u c s t c \ ' ( ) n n i l cc x l l r i r n r t t c1 l c5 n o i c n t b r i e 1 9 4 0 . 1 ,, . p c r r t n rc l r l l L r n i c L r 1 t ct l c r r t 0 c r i r f i r r c r n l r r r r a l i r c c s t r r il ) i i l ' t i ( 1 "A c c a s t i i t c r r r l i r r f r r sli rczturtiittr prittci- \ i i inirintc!q il irriit.llcz,rtltatele . l l r c v i r l l r ti n i u l i c , 1x+4uip_'zisc, c i r r t l i r r r n u r ) l t tc i l i l v i r v ( ) t r l[ ) c l { o o s c v c l t ,c t s i l - i f r r c d [rr i\ 1 l cl t l a c l l t r n i - p.t. t" .:i,niffi i :rlctch'icii ci;a'ti.'Lr cttlrri.'lirtrr5i, r r i r r r g r r sitl,( l v c r s i t l t t clrrrr i l i r l I t l t : 1 t o z i ; i ilrt r c ; ; c < [ i n votanlii,,tttclbili" dirttirnptrl catttpitnici allrr cincsr.lnt l. l)ttterrr 'irrvins t c l t r i i r r f i r v o r r r c irrc c n r t r i r i l o r lr cstc tiglttl sturliu citrrctcristicilc. Ccl ntaibttncxctrtpltt 5 i s - l r t l c c l i r r a t i c p a r t c i r l r r i trilc pLrtcrn \\'illli,icr , l c y i l t i r r P r r l i l r cl t r c r r r l t i l c s P r c i r r i r c c . tn ) ( ) n l ( : l l ti,r r r c n t i a tlc irnaliz,rl Vl 5i Vll. dctrrliat irr eitpirolclc "1. Ittitlc vot rcl)rcl.cr)ta ur'r v o t i n r l l < l t r i v irrc r r n r t i r i ip i a p r c s i t r n i l o rl u i dc la privindintreaga canrllatric infbrmagiilc 2. Putcmacrrrnula l { o o s c v c l t i r r a c c a s t i lc l i r c c t i c .i n a c c l a i ; it i n r p , e l a t r a n s f o r n t a t run oameniiiu fttnc[icde interviula altul.Dc pildd,putemsepara accirstii clcz;rllrotrarc rrincrlrPordrii irrtr-o dczaltr<lbare propaganda satt republicanii totald.in luna rnodulincareau urmirit cu prec{dere u r n r i i t o i r r cs, - i r r i i z . g i r r c lrilti n n o u : 1 l u r ; ; i s i n t l l l t rn u g t i a d c s t t r l c l)cccademocrata, pc baza rcztrlcate clinrdspt"trtstrrilc lor statisticilor t l c s p r c W i l l l i i c c i r s r i - ls u r i I i r r d gi a rcvcrrir la srrrrca rrorapilrca irt crtpid c i n d c c i z i c , in arrrrnritc alcsondajului. Excmlllclc nlonrcntc rlcclirriirrr cl i r r u v a r n r r iv o t a d c l o c . A c c i r s t i a t i t r r r l i n ca 1 > c r s i s t a t t o l c l c V, X liXIV. alcr:rrnrParrici. n c l a a f l r n r i rc t iIrezultarulirle3. 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l iiltil l ) i l r c l ) l r l i r l r c l c \ ' 1 l n ts d - l i r r t r c t r il ) c u n o l l t c l l r c i - r l \ ' o t a t t o i l t i -v p r i n c i p a l c l c t l i f c r c t t l c < l i t t t r cs t l s t i r l r i t o l ' i i O t l i r t i ic c a n l s t r r t r i l i t r c l ) t l l ) l i ( ' r l n i t l c < ' c p r c l L ' r i i i l i l c t l r i l h l c l r r r r r l i t l r t t r c p t r b l i c r r r r . i n s i i , \ / l l i V I I , c r ro a t r a l i z l t l)c i t,l c a [ ) i t o l c l c l)c t c k r rt l o u l i l ) i t r t i ( l cr,, o l t tc t t n t i t ' t t t x t l r t t : it it l t i r r , l i v i t l r intcnti()nit str i - v i rrtczc p c r l c r n o t r r r l ir r r r rtr - g a m e n i i c a r c 5 i - a t ts c l t i n t I a t i l t c l l i i l c t l c rccrrtri rl\'()trtltilo[ ..1tgItiIi" s i i r t ' r . r rv t rr c i r s i i - i \ ' ( ) t c z cl ) c r c l l l t l ) l i ( : i r r rn i ,r O t i v c l cl ) c n t r L tc a r c s - a \'ot,it)tr-un fcl srutaltttl, 1lc parcrlrsulcantllanici llrtlllritt-zisc. Astf'cl r:iz.girrtlin t c P c r n t i t s ; i c i n t i i r i r n c f l c i c r r t r rl l r o l l r r g a n t l clii a r r l r o r r l c o r r r n c n t s t l l l t s i ngtrrii o a c t i d e o s c b i t , i n n t o d i )c intcrcscilzli I)cntrtl irtllrrcntc l r rr : r r r c i r l ( ) \ ts l r l ) l l sA . s t l ' cr l lc irrlirrrrrl;iisrrn t lti s c r r r i r ti c rr cuPirolclc lV, Vlll, IX 5iX. 4 . I n t c n ' i r r r i l c r c P c t i r t cl l c l ) c f l n i t s r i r r r r r r i i r i r s r rt a t i s t i ce f c c t c l c D c p c r s o a rrelc areau fost m o n i t r l r i z i r llropagantlei. lliltLi,I)utcnt cia i ll)l)al)ici. chiar irt tirnpul <lcsfti5rrriir c r r r ct l c r : i r lc t t n t s i l t , ( ) t c Z c d c a l c giitoric : ci t i p t r r i a t r c i cta r a c t e r i s t i c i l c lrlaiirrtli vonr c()ml)ilrr ctltlr s;i voteze inainte si inccap{ camllattia. cci cirrc sc h<ttiirdsc

cirrc sc dccid irr clecursulei gi cei carc ntl sc clccitl dcc'lt ftrartc i r r t l c c i s cl r t t t t r i n t c n ' i t t . t l a r a u d c j r ro o l ) i l ) i c f i r r r r r r r tlra i r r r n t i i t r l n r l . t i r z i u , l a s f i r ; i t r r l c a n t p a n i e i .A p o i v o n r r r j t l n g el a t t n c l c o o n s i ( l c ( l c c i tc c i t r tl l l c r t ts i r t l ( ) l n t c r r i i l l tl i i r r r l i t a(:cs i i n r r r o r r r c n hlrllr i r r r r r l r r i r l ! i i r l c s p r ct i p r r r i l ct l i f c r i t c d e r t l e g : i t o rm i o b i l i , d c c x c t r t p l t tt l c s l r r c ( l i r t c ,l ) l r t c r n n r o t l r r l i t r l t i l c irrtcn'itr p r c t : c r l rr:r r o r n c r r t rtrl lc c i z . i cH itltr-ttrl lc'l i .t r r r l i i r r r rlr c c s t c c t l i t t t c l ltii lltrctttarttc, o r u t ) c n i i c i l r c l)rin t l c r l t t c c c c a n l n l t c i - i r I i i c t r ts r i s c l r o t i ' r r a s c ii rir t r - r r na n t r r n i t n t o d l \ c c s t t i l r t l c i n [ i r r n r a t i ic s t e s e r n n i t l c l t i r , < l i f ' c r ic t l c a c e l c af r r r n i z . a t c t l c s o n r l a j c l cr r z . r r a ltc , r l i r : itil e c c l c c a r co f c r i i a n r r l c o l l i n i c p r r b l i c i ia r t r i t ct l a r c c ( ) n : , i [ l t i t tlc l r t t r rn t o t t t c r t t r l u t .i r r c l z u l l l ( ' c r i t ( ] rll l t l ) u f c l n p i c r l r c c s t c c a r r z l t c i l r c c s t c c f L . t ' t r t li,n t i r r r l l < ; c i r r t c n ' i r r l llrcciz.rr r c l ) c t a tn c p c r n r i t cs r is t l b i l i r t ro i n l i i n t u i r ct c r r r p o r a ls r ji , l t r i n r i r n r a r c . l r r c i l i t c a z .lin i ult ru)illi/.i cra r r z a l i iI.i x c n r p l c a l c a c c s t u it i p d c a n a l i z i r s c \ r o r r c g i i s ii n t ' i r p i t o l c l c\ I I I , X I I i i , i V . tlc r'ot clcfittitivri. , j t r n gi n c c l c d i n r t r n r i iI a t t t l c c i z . i c s a ui r l t L r la p a t r u c a p i t o l e( c a p i t o l c l cV I I - X l ) o s e c l i u n e d e Urmcazi apoi cirrc analizcazri efcctul canlpaniei astlpra clit'critclor grttllttri tlc . i i c c a r cd i t t t r c c c l c t r c i t i p t r r i t l c c l ' c c t c <i l c l i t r t i t a t icu r t c r i o r I ;rlcgritor v ir r f l t l i s c t r t i r itn t r - u n c a l l i r o ls c l ) r l r r l ti,r l r i n l l ) o r t r l l l t r l i r l cc r r r r r p i r r r i c i n C a p i t o h r lX l . I o r v r r f i s t u ( l i a t i ic o n r l ) a r a t i v va discutaefectclc dc ansarllbltlale calllinigialii Accastiisectil.lne sllecip a r r i c iC . a p i t o l c l e f i n i r l cv o r d c f i n i r o l t r lm a i n t t l l t o r i n f l u e t t g c i l f t c l ) tilrilor v r r i t t t l i c l r o l t r l X l l C a p i t o l t r l t l i r r t i r n p t t l c u t t t p r t n i c i . llcc l c r a l i c r cc t c . O l p i t o l r r l r r i v i t t t lc t p t i g i t o r t t l ,c t ' c c t r rd 1 rs p c c t r l a r i i l op revistclor 5i llrogranlckrr XllI clcscriccot]linLltul politic al z.iarelor, rruliottrnrriritcrlc strbiec;iichcstionaliin tirrrptrlcampanici,iar Capiitt tolrrl XIV cxlllicri rolttl acestor nrijloacc fitntttlc tlc cttt.ttttnit'rtrc (lctcn))inarca r t r t c i < l c c i z i if i n r r l e l a n i v e l i n d i v i t h r a l .O r r p i t o l t l lX \ / tlintrc gn rprrrilor sociale in maxillizarcil acordu[uiqxrlitic t'it.ctvt.tl rolLrl tlrtlogcnitatepolirlcnr[)ri, iar capitolulX\/l va ptrne in relalicaccast:l ticii li cfectul cotrtactelordirecte, dc la ont la onl. <lc la caritctcristicilc rlc Itc scurt, lrtcrarclt dc fag:i evolttcil;/.:i cllrc sc rrizr r r r s i r r r r ba l tlrc c l c c t r l r a t u l u ic i i t r c o l t n a l i z rilt o a n r c t t i l t l r p r e z . c n t a rc a inflttcrlo I i t g i n r l c s c i n t i n r p t r l c a n r p a n i c i ,a j L l n g i n t l i i r l i s c u t i r t <iln f i n l r l s t t r s c l ct t n ( ) ra s t t i ' l i c l o r g l o t r a l ca l c c l r r n p a n i eg tlc irrllttcrrtc.

irrdrr-rrrrtil'ipentrrr cititor i r r l r r r l r lr i lcscricrc ,r s c u r t r r i r o r g r r n i z i i riiri c c s t cc i i i r t ip o r r t c s:c r v i ( l r c l ) r ()ricnti.trc . i r l l i t o l u l I I , c r r r cr l c s c r i ca r i i rr l c r c l c r i n ; r ir r s t r r r l i u l t r p O i r c'rrocri trrontcntrrl irr carc s-a rlcsfii;trraritccstil,r,lr cornplctu introcr c i c a p i t o l c ,r c f c r i t o a r c drrccrca. I I r n r r i t o i r r c lr la rlif'crcntclc socialc t l i r r t r c t : c l c d o r r r il l a r t i c l c5 i l i r g r a c l r rc l leparticiparc rr 1i iclcologicc clct:trrra(ulrr li r r r r l c g c r i ,v i r . c ' , t r . c,rl r r i l c t c r i s t i c i lrc trai mrrlt surr nrrri p t r l i r r: ; r l r l r i lic r l cs r r l r i c c t i l o crl r c s t i o n i r tA i .r : c s t c c a p i t o l cr l c i n c c l l r r t s c r v c s ci l l t u i ( l u l ) l r rs c o l l :c l c c x l ) U n r c z . t r l r a t c lic l i l l ) o r t a t r t cI ) c n t r r l s f c r i rs t r r b i l i t i5 i i rlcscrirr c o n t c x t u li n c a r c t r c l l r i c [ ) c r c c l ) u t? n t r c g r r l s tt r rl i rr .

O scurtilprezentare a regiuniipi a eveninrenva scrvioricntrlrii <leansambltt tclordc funclal asu prasttrdiuluinostru. o regiune Discrictul Erie era, in anul 1940, populatil de un grup micd, destulde prosper{, pa;;nic omogcnde anrericani nativi,angajagi 1;i qi oarecum egrrLl intr<rprolrorlie in iudustrialc ?ncal>itolrrl in agriculruril. Agacrtm sl)uncar)r precedent, anrerican tipic", nu era ,,districtul cerceuri nici nu dar pentru scopurile acestei de modul eranevoiesdfie. Nu eraminteresagi irt cnryvotca;l,al cfcctiv oarncnii,ci ,Je oouzc/e si prezicem decizieilor. Nu anr intengionat anumitc rczultatul alegerilor, ci s'J identificam ollinici care stau la baza fornrArii l)roccse publicepi n conrpr.rrtalncncului lxllitic. Districtul Uric cste o rcgiune cu asl)cct de dealuri, deschisrl insprelaculUric, nrdrlos, a statultri situatdin partea central-nordicA o Ohio. Beneficiind de situare favorabiki, irl)roapcdc junriltatca drurnultri dintre 'foledo, pi C A I ' l ' l ' ( ) t . U l , l l Cleveland districtuldispunedc - ruticr, l)c dc transport l)istricttrl lirie, cxcclcntc ftrcilitatli Ohio, 1940 apdgi pc caleaferatrl.

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pi alte gazete neautol'ltone. Dintrc ziarelc ocazional, l l . c l r t i v s t a l r i l r ii n t r l r i n r i il ) i r t r u ; / . c c c il c a r r i , l x ) l ) u l i r t i r t t l i r r L , r i c PlainDcalerpi, unttl cra,oficial, orientarc republicanil, urlul avcl o putcrnicil I ) l r r ) r i r r li , r r l 9 - 1 0 , 4 . 1 . ( X X )lro c u i t o r i( . ) r l p r r lr l c r c ; c c l i n g rS i ,a n r l r t s l i,l localc, lc
( l c rlcrlocrat.dar in csen(A neutrur iar ttn al trcilea n virat tt$or,cu s i r r ; i t t r tc r lc r ) t n rr r r l l i r n i r r c l u s t r iu r rl lr l r s t r i c t u l u i r , v c ao l ) o l ) u l a t i c orienschimb'.rt ClaxlandPlain DealerSi-a a p r o x i n ) i r t i v2 . 5 . ( X X t l)c o a n r c n i .I . , o c t t i t o r ic i l i n L , r i c c r i l u a [ ) r o l r l ) c tinrlrrrl,c;itre dcmocragi. ( l r r r n pi pronrovat pe in lrl40 in timpul alegerilor l-a c i c r r r r tt r n r u . s i t < l t ia l l r i i ; i r l r i g i n a r i< l i nz o n ; i . rrns[L'rc lirrrrc a i t:rrcxdenrocratJ

acoperind tlc radiodin Clevclandpi g c r r r r t t r i k rcri l r cs - r t u s t i r l r i l irtt i c ip c l i t r l i i l o c t r ls c c o l L t l ta t il X I X - l c l , \\'illkic. l)ostttrilc in bencficiaude o tlttn{ reccpli<lnarc p r r r t ci r t l l r i r r r t t lr i n r l t l i r r c l r r s rn roatc rclclelc in)portrlnte, t \ c c 5 t i o i r r r r c r rlii i c c r r r r t rtrrrcitorrrc, Iiric. a l r i t u r i d c o l l r i t r r r i ir c t l t r s ad c c o n r e r c i i r n l i n s t i i r i t i , a r t i z a r r is a u districtul carc, l ) r a c t i c a n trir il l r o f c s i i l r r lri l l c r r r l c l., l x i s t l r rl ) r t t i n cf l r n r i l i ib o g a t c . g i { i t r r r i l ic o r i c t t n t ,r t u r l o t t t i r t r urtc g i r r r t c a l: .r r r t r i l i nc l a s c l cd c j o s . c l l r r . districtului c r .c r xccl)tiic r iitorva t l i n . S i r n r l r r s kn yu , s c r r t l r r r r a r llcorronria r l i r r r r i l it il c c r r l o a r e i .J i t r l c s p r cr r r i r l l r r l r tc in grrt;rtrr( lc t r,l r tl ) u l i n c l o c r r r c i rrrc l r rf i p r r t r r t pi lgricolil l'lriccra dc tip nrixt,ittdustrirrltl l'.corrorrria clisrrictului [ l t l c f i n i t c c i t l t i r r c f i n u c x i s t x u r r ) a l ) a l i l lr cr r r a l c . era eraconcer)tratd iar agricttltura rnaialesin.Sandrrsky, V i i l t r c r t l t r l r a l i q i s o c i a l i a r l i s t r i c t u l r rn i r r c r a , p r o b l l l i l , a t i p i c i i Industria Prmlntulcracultivat indelctnicire ?ntot restulrcgiunii. . a n r c n i i n r r principalrr [ ) c n t r u r r r i c i l ct i r g u r i s a r rr c g i u n i r u r a l c t l i r r i \ l i < l r v c s tO gi recoltele eralrde obiceibune,clemulte ori nrai a v c i l t tl a t l i s p o z i l i cd c c i t p l i i c c r ir n l i r u n t c .l i a n r i l i r r cr'.o r i r r r p o r t a r r t r irlc nrult timp ctt meciia nagiot t r t i t a t cs o c i r t l ;(i p i l l o l i t i c r i , c l t t p rc i t t n r v o n r v c d c i r ) ;i r c r r s s r ic r l c s l i i - btrnctlcclt nrediadin intregulstat.in comparalic
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pollulatia de fcrnrieri nrrlil, din regiune eradcstulde prosperd. Cclc prol;lemelor organizatii de fermieri irrdcoscbi L'iteva se declicau r, i s c r i c ir c ; l r c z c n t i r r d a , d c s c l rn , t i c z u lv i c t i i s o c i a l c , , . o r i l s - l ) i s c r i e l il" problemelepoliticefiind rareori abordate. I ; i c : c r r cb i s c r i c r lp a t r o n ao n ) u l I i n t c r l c r l r g u n i z . r r t p ic i n t r u l t a i r b a l i , agricr.rle, t;'J cra destulde neobignuit'J, era Indrrstrirr rcgirrrrii in sensrtl l i ' n r c i r i t : r r P i iI.) r c o l i it ' r r r tc t o r t s c r v i l t ( )P r ir: o P o v r i t l r t i ii r rt rr v i i:fi t r r r i l c (r0de intrellrindcri,oferincl vrco tle risipit:i in ctt canr 3.(X)0 totul ( i n r lrilrlir:c sarr civicc. l i n t t s c p r c i ri r r r p l i c i titrtr t r c l r t t r i l c llolitit:c (lc,a o ganrd de nruncil5i producAnd divcrsificatil dc bunuri. p r i r i l c t l c i n t c r c s c 1 i a s o c i l t i i l cd c a l i r c t r i c r r r ua c t i v c ,i n t l c l l l i r r i n t l lrrcrrri producea mare uzinl din zonil aparf inea unui concern care amn)ai [ t t r r t ' l i l tt l c f i r r r r r r r t r r i . i s t c n t r r lp ^ c o l u crr r . is ir l c g n r p r r r it l c c i i s c L r t i S clcangajagi. eraul) port inrl)ortant SarrdLtsky ai carcavca9(X) corrtlrts t l c c l c l r t c n t c c o n l l ) c t c l l t c l,l r o g r c s i s t 1 . c - lrrrhjc is c i r r o r r - p l r r t i z r t rlrlc ( l i t t o l i c : i i princi;rala in z-onit opcratrl IVIarilor Lacuri, ntarf,l fiind cdrbunclc. rit:it nlcr)lil)cic r i t c v a g c o l ip i r r o l r i l l c r , l r r r{ i c c v c r r l a irrlcolilc varictilgii Atit clatoritrl intreprindcrilorinclustrialc, clit Ei din p t r l l l i c cc r a c a n l c l c z c c c o r i r r a i n r a r c .N l r c x i s ( u r r c o l c g iiir r r l i s t r i c t , gcnerale de aceastd dcpendenpei agriculturrl, zond a scilpat, cauza <lltr cdttcrrtia plr i r c rc r i i s c l l r r c u r rc i r t s c n sf r r r r r r a i l cs l t r i j i n u lp o l t u l a r i e i , partc,rlc violcnga schinrbdrilor cconomice din timprrlcrizci. i r r r r rr c s p c c t a ! i n s i i r r t r c i : r r p r o [ ' c s o r ic l o r r r u n i t r i t i iN . i v c l u l c d r r c i r - irrnrarc pi general, era,in conservatoirre llrecaut{.Celc l c l s u l ) r :n r r c t l i c i r l i r r [)irectiaafircerilor cc i g i r r r r ici r r rs c r r r n i { k r a t ( iv l i o r r a la l p o p r t l r r t . i r q;i vlr r r l r i r r to l ,i r r r r c t rtilii r rl i r i c l r i s a tirn r p r c s i l r lrrri rrrultc ttzirrcq;iiutrcllrindcrierau dclinutc dc localnici Strrtclc I l r r i t c .i r r g c r r c r r r ol)erau cu relativpntini bani provenitidin surseexterne.Tiparul r u n r ra i nrcs{.cc s < l c i aflr i r r i o ,,corrptiing tr le i c l a s i i "p u t c r n i c i l . irl acestor con'run intreprinderiera cel al unor afaceride familic lrxistrrrr Irci z.iarc k r c a l ci n S l n t l u s k v s i p u t i n c o r a s cc l c i r r i r r i riguros. considerabil Totugi,in ciuda nrrmdrtrlui dc t t t c r tl t t i r t t tr t t i t < , ',, t i . t rl o c t t i t o r i i t l i s t r i c t r r l r tn i r r r ic i t c r t us i ( ) h ' t : r / t n t t i .rdnrinistratc

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c o n t r o l u la s u [ ) r a alirc:crilo l irr s c s cs t a l l i l i t r c p r r l r l i c a n irir v c i r u r ) r i c i r r t r c l ) r i n c l c rtil i n ( ) r a f , l a c l i s p o z i p ifco n d u r i m a i i m p o r t a n t e .l l i n t l I ' n i t i u i 1 9 4 0 .I ' l x i s t u s c l r i a rt r r rc o n { l i c ti n l i r s c s c r ic i n t : i ir l i n a n i i d c c l i n a i r r t c la i l c r r r u l t l a p u t c r c , a g ac d r c s i n t l e r t t itn r p e r i o sn c v o i a r l c a dc partid avoaucontacte dircctc ctt nrc,cliilc tlc alrrcc:r in i l l r i v i n t ao P r l r t u n i t i i t id i c a a t r a g en o i i n v c s t i f i i sc rcgrul)a.Anrbclc organizagii i i ntai cli, l a rr c p u b l i c a n i i a t t f o s t u r a i b i n e o r g a n i z a gp i n z o n i r , i a r l i r c t i u n c i ro l l o z i { . i clir a v u t r u l n r a r c s u c c c si n b l o c a r c ao r r r r r c n i i< intr-o nrare nresurdpe forgapropriilor organizapii c x P i r n s i t t n i5 i i i n n r c r r g i n c r cu ir nci sitrrrrti li ) c P i l t a n r t t n c i ic a r es i cicrrti.lxrziinclu-se t l c f c r r t c r . l e c o n v i n : l p a t r o n i l o r .l ) c n t r u c i l o f ' c r t ar l c l i r r l i i r l c r r r t t n c i c l ra din l r c l ; u ; i . r r i l ' c : l t rrln c t l i r rt l c s r r l i r r i z . i t i ti r r r l i c a rr :c r ar c r l t t s ( . l r r r t l r r t : c r cs t c l o r l o c a l c r r t t r c u 5 i s cs r is c i n r l l t t n i ls a u s l r l c v i r r r n l r i l ic n c r g i c l , i l u f i l i a l c l c l o c r r l cn r r c r a u a c t i v c i n c a d r u l u r g a n i z . a l i i l osri n c l i c a l cl a (-lorrtcxtul de unsarnblu n i v c l t r l s t a t t t l L t iI.. ' o r ; a r l c r n t r n c i in u a v c ao i n f l t t c r . r t il n i r [ ) o r t a n t iiin l)c 5 rroicnrbric 1940,cetlifenii Statelor LJniteau mers la urne sii-q;i i t c c s rr l i s i r i c t ;t l o r n i n a t i a patronilor 1 a1 1 6 1 : c : p t a t l i l s i u l ) rn ar t t n r , i t o r i l rc lr r r l c i r gr .l r n p r c l c r l i r r t cc r r r cs i l - ic o n c l t t c i ln u r r i ic r u c i r t l a i l rilz.ll<litrltti. rlcsclris r l c r ; i l t l cl i r l c r i is i r r r l i c a k l ir c r r l iN <x yi s t i u l . t t r r r i riir r S r t r r r l t r s lc r i i z . l r o i r r l l i r l g c r c r i t i r t toi. Attstriit, irr llrrro1,,r, l c c l a n g ac t lc llitlcr o r g a n i z a t i is i r r c l i c l l c , l r a . i r r g c n c n r l ,( ) c o l l u n l i t l t c c i . l r c i r r s Jr l r a g t tc d c j a o c u p a t c ,i l r i n t i r n p u l p e r i useserd l ) o h r n i a; i C ) c h o s k r v a c ifa ofcrca locuri de rnunci'lnccondirionatcclc afilicrcirla vrcun sindicat, 'farile dc Jos i;i oatlci prcclectrlrale arnratele gerurane au cucerit fl'lrrncit<lri n i u a f o n n i l t r r n b l c l cp o l i t i c i n s i n c a i n i c i u r r g r u l l )s a u l ; r r r n t a .C l r i a r i r r i t i r r t cd c a l e g e r i , I t a l i a i n v a d a s eG r e c i a . S t a t c l e i r r d i v i t l n u a l ) u t u t a t r a g c v o t u l l c c s t r - r is c g l l r c n t . I ) c a n s a r n b l t t , i l a r i i l l r i t a n i i n a v e m i l i r a r cm a i v e c h i i n s c h i m b u l t l n i t c v i i n t l u s c r rN i r i r r n u i t l c g r r r l r illt l ) a t i c I< l c c i rc irrragincu t rrlrrril. l L r ig l o l l ; r l rc r r n o rl x r / . cn r r v i l l ci ; i a c r i c r r cr l i n A t l a n t i c . i n c c p u s c r i lc l c j ac a t n p r t r r i i l c d c r c c n l t a r e .A b o l i r e a b r u t a l e a d r e p t u r i l o r c i v i l e i n s t a t c l c totrrlitarc inragineafavorabila a StatelorUnitc l)ul)ca sub reflectoare t : r rr n t i u r r c c a r c i p i a l e g c ac o n d u c ' i t o n r li n c h i p d e n r o c r a t i c ; i l l r i n l r r t c r il i I r c , r c ' . s p c t i l i c ct l c i r r t c r c s cc o tlczl i r r l ' , r i c t r r tc x i s t i r t g t rupttri , u l c s i lc x c r t : i t c ( ) i r r n p i r n it rlri n 1 9 4 0a s t i r n i t i n t c r c si ; i p r i n p c r s o r r a l i t i \ ; i l c irirrtc i r r l l t r c n t i li l o l i t i c i ti r r r l l o r t a n t iN l .i c i r r r r r r(l l i l l t r c A n r l ) l r r i l c ctnicc' . l v c a antcccl l i n c c o n ( r r r a t ca l c l l r i n c i p a l i l c l r c a n c l i d a t i .l i i c c a r c i i r r 5 :ttr r i t it l c l l l t r t c- n l r . l l i l r r t t l t t r t c g r i ,g c r r t t l t r r5 0 t t n i t r t t co r g : t n i z , l t t l c l c r r t cr:c n r a r c a l l i l c U . n L r ld i n e i c a n d i c l a a l t r c i l c a n ranclat; l)cntru i r r c c c : rc c l l r i v c ; ; t cv o t r r l .l ) a r t i t l c l cr r r i r r o r i t r i ; i l o rrucrau pr"rtcrrrice s c ccl;ilrrlt r i d i c a s c r n c t c o r i c 1 i d c v c n i s c c a n c l i d a t t t ll ) a r t i d u l u i i l c t i r r c r c ti n d i s t r i c r( r l c ; i c x i s t a r r n ( i l u b a l s i n u c x i s t r r t r r r i l c r l rc 'l'incrikrr irrrpotrivacilrtrilrvotirsc l)c al)roirpctot l)ilrcrlrsulcaricrei saIc. sra t ta l c v r c u n u i i l l t l { c l l r r l r l i c a n in ) ;i c i v o t u r i l cv c t c r i t r r i l o l l v c n i r t r c n t c l c r r r a j o r c- l < l c a l c ,n a g i < l n a l;ci i r r t c r n a g i o n a l c H r u l ) n u l ) i l t c i . l Uf i a t l j u t l c c a t cg l 0 l r a l ;o r i c r r n r ,i l \ ' c i r u l ) r c i r l ) i l l i l ) l c a r cs - i l u l ) e t r e c u ti n P e r i o a d a c a m p a n i e ip i a s t u c l i L r l un i o s t r t ts t t n t n r e r n l r r il ) c n t n r i r f l i n f l u c n t e c a r r n i t ' i t i . rcprclentiltc in liigura 2. Ele ne-ar putea ajuta si nc reamintint ( ) a n r p a n i i td i n 1 9 4 0 a g d s i t o r g a n i z . r r gIi)iirr r t i t l u l u il { c p t r b l i c a n ; r ( r r r r t s l ' cg rc i tr r c r a l riit < : l r t r p a n i ctil i n 1 9 4 0 . l r i r r ci r r l l l t r r r t i rn t t r r t t l i s t r i r ; t t rili,r r p c t c r r r l c r r r , r t ' m t lri1 ,r: rr il orrrrtrl;r I)istr-ictul gi politica n r u l t n r i r iI ) r . r I i c ai r r c o n t r i b r r ilta a c c a s t i n f i c i c u t l . i \ l a i r n t r l t i{ r r c r o r s t a r cr l e l u c r L r r i N . ' l a i n t i i , i r t l t I a n i v c l l o c a l ,c i t 5 i s t a t a l ,d c m o c r a t i r sc conlrrtrrliru d c r r r t r lc t r r l i i c t i r r n i r r r i r r d u r i l cl ) a r t i d u l u i i. n l l l r r s .

52 / tllanri.e ntul votului liigrrra 2: Lverinretlclc . Henoada cntnltnnici rlin 1940 in r/istrictu/ litie Evonimentelo nalionale Knox 9i Stimsonnumifiin cabinet.PadidulRepublicanvotoazdplatlorma pontrupaco. Willkio9i McfJarynornlnalizali la candidaturA. Doamna l]oosevelt se adreseaza oamenilor in Lakeside, Ohio. Roosevell declarA cd nu va trimitosoldali 'in amgricani Europa. Evenimenlele internalionale A doua A cincoa Franfacere pacea. jumAtate inlervievare Francezii semneazd a l u i ogantionului in lormoniilui Hitlor. septernbtie a Sonrnnroa arrlislifiululfranco-ltallan Churchill anunta cd grosulfloteifranceze a fost captural sau distrus.Laval Instituio slatul ,,corporatist" Prima jumdtate a lui octombrio Willkievorbegte in Sandrrsky. Ultimazi pe de inscriere listeleelectorale SandttskyNows il pe Roossuslrrro velt.Al gasoloa al e$antiointerviu al doilea nului, p e n t r rg t r u p u ld e 6entvr>l C. GeraldL. K. Snrilhvorbegto in laia a 3.000de o a m e n id i n S a n dusky,cu ocazia t u r n e u l ul iu i W i l l k i e

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O r i c e l l o l i t i c i a nl l r a g r n a t i c c a r c i ; i n r c r i t i in r r n r e l ec u n o a g t e b i n e s t r a t i n c r l r cc al c c t o r a t r t l u i anrcrican.Printre uneltelc salc cotirlicnc trcb t t i e s d s e n u m c r e c u n o a f t e r e at i p r t r i k r rd c o a r n c n ic a r e s u n t p a s i b i l i t l c a f i r e p t r b l i c r t n i Ntt itr rci n n l i g i s r t u t l c r n o c r a ; ip r i n t r i r c l i l i c . zista prea mult in politicli clac:l nu trr sinrti la instinctiv care cetil;eaneste sau nu sensil>il a r g u r n e n t c l eu n r r i p a r t i d s n r a l t u l . A s t d z i , m a i p c s t e t o t i n A r n c r i c a ,l l o l i t i c i a n u l p o a t c c o r ) t a1 l c b a n c h c r i , p c o i r r r r c r r i i clc aftrceri,pe episcopi pi pe nrultridilrtrc cci a f l a g is u b i n f l u c n g a l o r c a v o t a n t i f i r l c l i r r i r c p u b l i c a n i l o r .D c a s c l n c n c i l ,c l g t i c c i \ i n r i g r a n l i i , n r l t n c i t o r i i , . l ) r c o l i ic , a ;i rrrrtjoritatcir - in spccirrl cci ccl<lr din 1;arohiileacc.stora din urage constittricbaza Partidultri Dc(;Al,l'l'ol.llt. ill

nrocrat, c u e x c c p t i aS u d U l u i t r a d i t i o r r l l i s t . 'I'rrisiturile prin carc rrlr politician ditl'rcnl)il'crcrrlclc l i i t z r l d t t r r c c i , r cprrblic:tr tr lc rrn(lcnloorut , l)irr

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a c o b o r i t l a 0 , 6 s a u l a 0 , 7 . rD e q i e x i s t l i o a r ) u n r i t d d i f ' c r i r ic , orel'Jtia t i r r c r i i i i c r v i t rli) c c o l ) s c r v r t t oirri- r p o l i t i c l i ,a g ac l l n t o l i r c a i i n n r a t c r i r vrrrirrtic, rhrpii crrrn sc vc(le, estimdrile furnize'azA o clasificarcrelativ t l c r r r t t z . i clir ia , rrtc sirrr n)alticlc. bilri. in rrrarc ,n 1 9 . 1 0 c,o r r l l r n r ia l ccirss [ tr r l ) i r r t cs , t u ( l i u lv o t t r r i l o r l i n I , l r i c i [)rrr oarc clrrsillciilrccstccvalurlrio'arncniiastf'clincit rczultirtul c x l ) c r i c n l r i . l ) a r f i r c c n r a i r n u l t r l c c i t s d c o n f ' c r cs t a t r l r l t i i n t i f l corcsl)unclii cxpcricngei gcnerale? Din nou, cxistti probe care sri u f r ( ) r c u n o l t i n l c d c l x r n s i r n g .S i s t c n t a t i z . i n ( x l ccstc cun()$tinte t l i i r t t ln r i i s t t r ir rc r r l i l a i n l l r c n l c i l i c c : i r r r i itrl i r r t r cl c c ; t i I r r c t o r ir r is t r a r r r a t rtl: r i c v a l r r i i r i l cS I j S s u n t i n t r - o s t r l n s d ' r c l a ; i cc u p o s e s i u n i l e rcirlc alc cclor clrestiona[i. C u c i t c s t i r n a r e ae s t e m a i t i l l c r i r i i ,s t t t d i u l i i i c r a r l r i z . c a z 9n i I c c v i c l c n ; i a z .i{n t c r c l c p c n d c n t a . n l J t c r i d l c i r r a l t r ic , r r i l t ' i t n l r r im i r r i s t t n t v e n i t u l r n c d i u , n u n l i l r u l d e a r t i c o l cd c t r zc i t s n i cs c t t r n p cc t c . { Itolr"rl stututtrlui socio-cconornic Accstc cvaluiiri .SESsunt strf,nslegategi cle nivclul de cducapie Astfcl. cclc mai inalte estim{ri se rcfer'tr la oanrcnii r r ls u b i c c t i k r r . irr,rintc t l c : t t l i s t : t t tr ;t o l u l p c c i l r cs t r l t l t t us l ocio-ccorrotn i c j o r r s c i l . j o r r ri:ri lt l c , t l i r c c r i5 i l l r s p c c i r t l i 5 t i n , v r c n t c c c a c c l c i rr ) r a i stlnt ilc()rr t l c i i t t r i t cs i t r l r c t t t r r rr lr tc i c k r rt l o t t r ll l r t l t i t l ci r l l l o r t l r n t c s , r l r r r r r r l i z l(n l r r t cn l i r i i t l c s n ) r I l l c i t o r i k rp r i l u c r : I t o r i l oa r gricoli. n t a i i n t i i i r r c l c x t tt l l r r p : lc i r r cr r r i l s r r n i nu lrrrirctc r c c i l r i t ic is r ticri. l ) c s c r r r t ,s t r r d i i l c i l r r a r i l t a c c i l a c c s t cc v l l u i l r i c l l i t a t i v c r c l ) r c (.lcrcctarca opinici publicc firkrscgtc r l c o b i c e i c v a l r r l i r i l ci n t c r /.intiiun [el dc nredie sau cle fhctor comun al estimrtrilordit'eritelor v i c v a t o r i l < llrl r i v i n r l s t a t u t u ls o c i o - c c o r r c l r na ic l s u b i c c t i l o r .I . c v o n strrtuturipentru grupLrrilesocialespecifice i;i <liversecu crlre sLlnt r r t t r r ri n c o r r t i n r r a r c c s t i l ) l i i r iS l l , S ' . I n t c r v i c v a t o r i is u n t i n : i t n l i t i s , r r s o c i r ro t ia n r c r r i i .I i s t c b i n e c u n o s c u t ,d c e x e n r p l u , f a p t u l c i i , i n cr".rlrtczl .o c c r r i n p c l cb . u n r r r i l c ,f ' c l u l t l c a f i q i r l c a v o r b i a l c s r r b i c cr n r r l t c c o r . r . r r t n i t ru ' rn ti. n l l n t c d c f a n r i l i cc a r c d a t e a z i i d c s c c o l cc o n t i l o r c h c s t i o n x t i l i i s a i - ic l a s i t l c cc o n { b r n r p o z i l i c i l o r i n i n t c r i o n r l c r i i r r r a i ' m t t l t c c i t b o g d g i aL . I no m ; i c u b a n i ,i ; i c u s t a t u t l ) r c s t i ! { i rd .r ( ) a m c n i i c u c c l e n t a i l t u n c l o c u lrrrnilialva 1l cirtllogat de cdtre cei carc-l chestioneazd ca fiind c o r n u n i t i i l . i ip , otrivit unui [rarcnr. i n l c , n r < l l r i l i il,r a i n c c t c . , c u c c i n t a i r n r r l ; i l r a r r il t r i n r r r r t r a r cv . o r I s u l ) c r i ( )r t n r r i ac a r c s e c a l i f l c dd o a r p r i n t r - u n t r ld i n r r e a c e s t ed o u i i t ; i t t r t l o g ic r lu i n , i r r r o r r r r r c rrrliiir rc c r r l : r l tc rx i t r c n l l ,c r r I ) . i n t l i s t r i c r u r iirr r t t r n r i l ,l a r e n d u l c i , v a l i l ) l a s i r t :rll c t t s t t l l r a a s l ) c c t cl.a r p c r s o r . t r d l,)ric,1rr<rccrrtirjclc arrrvrrt allroxirnativltnlliitoirrca clistrilltr 1ic:A,,3%.cclci celrcnr.rdro nici lrani, nici un nume vechi. Dvah.riirile SIiS pot Ll, l'I(/r,;C' r, 33'/o; ()-, 30% Si L), 2{l'/o.l li consitleritteo cuantificare a numrirului dc calificiiri pc carc Ic l ' l x i s t i lu n n r r n ) i l r g crrcralc < l cc o r r s i c l c r r r l ii irrrplicatc i r r t r - oa s t f c . o b l i l r c l i c c i t r c s t t l r i c c t l ) c s c a r i ls o c i o - c c o n o n r i c r li.r.ts a c c s t s c n s , rlc clrtsilicirrc , r ra c c s t c i r ir a i c i . zl ) r i r r r i i rr r t r c l x l t l l c u g r c r rr c z , u n l t l t c r ln i n d c x g c n c r a l d c s t r a t i f i c a r c . ; t c s t c l cS l i S r c p r c z . i r r tu l r a r c s e :r c { c r : i l l c r c d i b i l i t a t c ar r r r c ia s t l ' c ld c p r o c c r l t r r it l c c l a s i l l i n c c n r i l s u r ra i u d i l ' c r e u g i aa t c e s t cn i v c l u r i S I i S v o t u r i l c ? i n c c c a r c . A r c o n r l r r c cr l o r r i it c s t c i n r l c l l c n r l c n t c l a a c e l c a p ir c z r r l t a t c n r r i s t r ro i ir r u r c n i ia l ) i l r r i r ) e n d i { ' c r i t c l o r n i v e l u r ia u s p r i j i n i t u n u l s a r l Avcnr citcva pro[;c in lirvoirrca unrri risltuns ltoz.itiv lrraocustar ir)trc a l t r r l c l i n t r c c?a i u f o s tc l ed o u i i < l r in t a i n r L r l l i l)artidcll{irspunsulcste , l r a r c . L ) x l l c r i r n c n t c l ci l u a r r i t t t c i d o r r r is c t u r i t l c e : v a l u i i r i r . c p r e rcpublicrni cotupila nivclul A dcclt Ia nivclul D (vczi l.'igurrr3). Sjr, I r c n t i n ( l r r p r c c i c r i l ci r r r l c l l c n t l c n t ca l c r r c c l o r r r ;s i ubicc;i tle ciitn a f l c c r r c l l a si r r j o s l ) c s c r l r a . cLr c v a l u r l r i i s t a t u t u I u ip , r < l l l o r g ir cl)ul)lllcciali irrtcn'icvatori, r l a r l a t r c i s i i l ) t i i n r A nd i i s r a n ; i i ,a u < l c o r c l a r rcanilordcscrcgtc pi pr<.rcentajul cre$te. denrocragilor . < l c 0 , i i . ( l i n r l a c c i i r s is t r b i c c i i a u f t ) s t o b s c n ' a t i < l c c k r i o A n ) c n LIn astlcl dc indcx gcncral, util pcntru stabilirearcladc;;i fbarte , ' liilor generalc, rrdcscaascundc l'ruan[eintercsante. De pildri, un (t. .Sl.,S..rrtrio-a onontirslulu.r tctl.\.

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z.'rtltr/rrt 6,\' f rllr t nttrrttr/ c r l r ) ( l i ( l r t t l t l t l il o r i r r t r c l l r r i s i i s t l g c r c z c t l l o s o l l l t s o c i ' . t l i i t l l l l r r i l i ; l t t l i , c - r t t t rp t t s s t r l t i c t ' 1 i l o r t l c l r c c r t t ct l i t t t t c c c l c :t l o r t i il l i t r t i r l c .| ) c : l t c c c r t l (rc(lcli t.t vlt lrCttcn ( ) s t r il t n n i t t ( ) i t t c l ci t t t l c I t r i r i :, , ( ] c c l a s l ts o e i i t l l i ( i c c l a s l is o c i l t l i i l l c i l r c c l l n l l i l t l l l l t i t t t t r t t t r t : r l c g c r i il r t i l { r l r l s c v c l t ? c r c t l c l i c i i v a [ c r r c l l c i i t c c l l n a i r r ] t t l ti n t t r t t l a a l c g c r i i I r r i W i l l k i c ? " krr, trccllti lrrin liltrrrlalcgritorilor I p r a g i r r c rc r clor doi cirntlitlali, r c : l l t tlllic i t : r l o s t r c l a t i v s i r r t i l i r r itll t i t l ) c t t t r t l t l c t r r o c r r t l i , ;i Pcrttrtt cri, c l r r i . N l i r . j o r i l r l t u(l ) l n l c n i l o r r l i n i t t t t l l c l c g r r t l ) t t r ii t t t c o t r s i t l c r i t t ( } l ) i ) t l t r i t , ( ) l l ) t l l r r p t r rtiv i l l r v r r n t l j t r t I i lrrip irlcgcrca lrri I{ooscvclt, n rrirnd clasci llttlttcitoilrc. Arrtlrclc grtll)tlri ittr lirsr dc itcortl.clc$i tr i g a c c c r r $ in r i i s r t r i i .c r i v i c t o r i a I u i \ \ ' i l l k i c a r l i r l l l r i t l c g r a l l r i i t t a v a t r t i r i g l c l r r s c i( ) i l 1 c p i l ( ) r r l c a l i r c c r i , [ ) r t r a t t c x i r , i t r lit; i t l r s t i r r c l i il l l i l i l t l l i l l l ! i l t c . c i t r c r t t t d c / . \ , i i l t l i t l t ) i t i I t l U l t c l t r l t l t l l l l i l i t l c s l l r c i t r r a g i t r i l cc c l t l r c,i t r i r j c s p r c a t i t t r t l i r r i l cc l c c t o r a t t t l t t i . cloiearttlirlrrti : t1 t l( ( ) l l \ i 7 ( r i ' l r l i t r t r c t l c t t t t , t ' r r t tsi i d t r r t r6 l r i t l i r t t r c r c P l l l r l i l ; 1 1 1 rc.llcgcrll ( l c r ; l t c r i ( ) i u n c t t i io l r i S r t t t i t \ i ' ( ) t l t v c : l t l c c r i ; t i g r r ti t t t t t t l ' t l t irr I r r i l t , r t , s c t ' c l t . ' l i r r r l s it ,r c i s f i ' r t t r r it l i r t r r c t l c t t t o t ' r r t trit t r l i r l t r s i t i t t t i t l rlr lg s r t t t , , l t t c r , t t t li r i ricoli", r u o r l c X p l i r ; i ft c r n l c n i c i r , , n ) t t t l c i t o r i " u c t t n r ) t t t t t t i rl a t L ' l t l c t t t l t r c t l c r c l l t l I r l i c i l l l is - i l t l r c t c r i t l i t , , n t t t t t jclc tlottit grullttri s-alt citori scutiti tlc itttpoz,itc" sitrt ,,;tlttrcri"'. ( a s t t l ) r as c t l l t ' l i f i c i l t i c is o c i , t l c a t l r ) c i c ! ' c n p r r s t l c r t c o r r l ,p r i n l l n t ) i t r c : , rlccstttil iltl collsidcrrlt t u a l c v i c t o r i i r r l t r i l { o o s c ! ' c l t . ( l r r ri r r l v c r s r r r i i c r i o r r r r r c r r i il ) c c r r r c c l l r r i r r c c r c r r s i - r -iir j r l t c n t t i l r f l c c l c t ) ) r l iv a l o r ( ] i t s c cllvil)ttllui ,,f()tllaj" c l c p r c r r t c a l c s r l c i c t i i l i i .i r r l t i 4 0 , c o t t r l t r r I i i l c . ,ll'/o tlirttrc rclltrlrlit:ani iltl stll)lillixt cri t) c r a u i n c r i t r i t u n l r t t . i ; / . ittc l ( ) r l c r i i \ ' | o ra \ / c r tt l c c i i p t i g l t i t t t l r t l t a v i c t o r i c i l i t i l t r > t l s c v c l t ,1 l c c i n t l n u r r ' t i r i3 ' / r , t l i n t r c < l c t t r o c r r t t i l t t r[ i t l o s i t i t c c s t c t l v i t ] t . S c ' p i r r c t : i i l t t l t I c l c g r r t l l i i r i i r l r p c r c c l ) t t r c t l v i l l t t t l , , f o t t t c t ( (c a l ) c i ( ) r i l t i \ ' .I j v i t l c n t , $ o n l a j t t li t t c i i t t t t c r r t [ ) r i v i t c i l t l l l l c t l o l l l c l l c c ( ) t l ( ) l l ) i c ' I r r r a g i r r c r tl r r i \ \ ' r l l l i i c r t l i ) s t c c v i t l t ' t i t i l ) t l t i n c l r r r < l c l i n i t t i , t l c r i grlll)tlri, n l u l t n l r r i r l l u l t i o i t l l l c t r i ,i t r r r r t r l r c l c cii cxistrrrr tlil rrrotivrrl v i c t o r i c i I t t i . lar cclc t l r l l l i l t l c l l c n c l t c i r t t i r r l l r i z r crlrc nlt ltilrtr l)c ' l . ) s t c v o r b : rr l c s p r c tc l e I r o t c c t i c s r r i l l i i t l i t r t t t d r t r lP t r l i t i u - t r Progrirtttcl i\'t'a'l)n/ 0t. rctl.).

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dorui tabcrc nr.rs-au pus rle acord asupra lui Willkie la fe I de clar dintrc dcnrocrapi au consi(lcrrttcil cir in l)rivinlir ltri l{ooscvclt.57o/o oiln)cr)iirlc:alhccri vor bcneficia cel mai mult cle pe urma victoriei lrri \\lillliic pi rrrrrrrui 257o dintre rcpublicani au afirnlat acest lucru. l97o tlintrc rcl)ul)licani au pretins chiar caivictoria sa va fi in avant i r l t t lc l l t s c ir r n t r r c i t , r a rs ci a l o a n t c n i l o r< l b i p n t r i p i . ( i t r u l t c c r t v i n t c .n ) a 1 o r i t a t co aa m e l l i l o rd i n a n r b e l cg r u l l u r i l - a u consitlcrirp t c \\'illliic tlrcllt susginrltoru ola n r c n i l c ld r e a f a c e r i5 i 1 ' r c i rrrrncitoarc I t r x r s c v c l ta , l c l r r s cr D.a r , d a c i ld c m o c r r l i i s - a um t r l t u n r i t o puternicdtendinpd de a accentua cu iltAt,rcprrlllicaniiarrnranifestat idcca cii ceeil cc cste bun pentru afacerieste t)un $i pentru ceilalpi, p r c t i r r z i n t l c : i \ \ I i l l l i i c c s t c c c i l m a i b u n d a l c g c r ec h i a r ; i l ) e r ) t n t o a r r c n i i o b i ; n L t i t i .l ) c s c r t r t , r i s p u n d e r e ac a d ea c u m p e u n r e r i i c a n oi a r ) ) c n i l ( l r d e a f a c e r i ;e l t r e b u i e , c u r n v a ,s i r e a l i z e z eo diclatrrlLr a p r o p i c r c< l co a n r c r r i c i l c r i i n d .P e u n r e r i i c a n d i d a t L r l u ci l a s e in t u n c i t o i l r c n u c a r l c n i c i o r c s l x ) n s a l ) i l i t a ts ei m i l a r i i , c d c ie l n u t r e l l t t i e s { ai 1 l co l ) r c t i l l ( l i it : l l i - a r a v i r r r t i r j5 : a n r c n i id c a f r r c c r i . Nc irrtoarccnr a c u n rl a o a d o u a s u r s t d r e d a t e d e s l ; r ea t i t u d i n i l e socialealc cekrr doui grupuri de alegdtori: pe care le-au argrrmentele atlus subiecpiipcntru a-q;i explica schimbdrile de decizie. Dactr se r l c s c < l p c r ec ar r u r r s r r b i c c ta r c o a l t a i n t e n g i ed e v o t c l e c i t c e a d e l a i l l t c r v i u l l l r c c c r l c r r tc t s u p r an ' l o t i v o l o a r c e s t e is c h i n t . r a c l r c s t i o n aa l x i r i . i r r r r c c s t ci n t c r v i r r r ic l c t a l i a t es , c p u n e a a c o c n t u lr n a i a l c s p c r r r r r r i i r i r c li n l ) u c r r l c i r a d i o r r l u ip i a z i a r c l o r .l ) c p a r c u r s u ld c s f ' J S u i rau cei dornici sd mcngioncze r i i r i i i r r t c r v i u r i l o r ,r : l t i r t rs t r l l i e c g i e Id , a r g un r c n t e l e c a r c i i i r r r p r c s i o n a s e r Nlli rrrrrlt d c o t r c i r n ed i n t r e r e p u b l i c a n i; i m a i n r u l t d e u n s f e r t t l i r t t r ct l c l n o c r a l ia u n t e n t i o t ) a t a r g u t n e n t c l ee c o l t o m i c ec a r n o t i v e alc sclrinrbiiriiclccizicidc vot. Aceste explicagii s-augrupat, in mare, in tlottilcrrtcgorii. I\lir.joritrrtc cir a u a r g t u ' n c n t c , , d e clasI": intr-ttn r rrltrtl, clc ajrrrrgc'.rrr lcl srrr la tlihotnrnia,,onrbogat- orn sdrac".(lclec l l a u a v u t u n c a r a c t c rc l c c l a s i v i z i b i t . l a l t c a r g u r r - r c n tn Au cxistat n)rrir)lrltc rno<lalitdpi de a afirrnapozigia dc clasil. fugun r c n t u l u n u i , , ( ) n )s l i l a c " l l o a t e f i a p r l l r a r c as c u t i r i l o rd e i n r p o z i t c

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l)ifernlt/e klrologitvdintn rtpultlituni fi denutttli / 7| exclttsivpe cele ale ,,onrttluisrlrtlc"'Rcptrblicle <lbicci, firl<lsit, le-'.ur car)ii,l)c tlc altrl l)artc, att afirtrtatin principal l)tll'lcttlltlc verlerc al s'all ,,onrului lrogilt". Clci l4 rel)ttblicanicare atl afirnrarcxplicit c'.1 rlzginrlit in tlvoarca ltri Willkie pentnl calaccstal-ar fi favorizitt1tc r r r t r n r : i t o rl . ) e o l n u l d e r i n t i , c o n s t i t u i e o e x c c p l i e i n t e r e s a n t r il.' l i s-uujrrstilicitt,in nrlrc, in tcrttteni gcnerali,spurrlnd qI Willkic vrr tl l e r i n t l " s a t l c i l v a i n g e l c g ct r c v o i l c r r r rs p r i . i i r , r, 1 ) c n t r (n l r t t t r c i t o r t td ( i.r r l l r i p c n t r t rc i l p i - ac r o i t s i n g u r t l lt l r t t m i n v i l r 1 l 1 c l r r s cr inttncitourc s o c i a l {n t < l c l c s t l i v i n t a a c c s t u i t r l t i r l r l s l ) e c tr.c f c r i t o r l a p r o v c n i e t t g a l u i W i l l l i i c , s - l f r i c t r tn r i l r c c a z .d c - a l u n g u l c a n t l l n n i c i s { l c ; v o l l l r c v c r r i n ) r r it i r ' l . i l l i t s u P r rl t t i , ) l ) c n t n - lv i i t o a r c l c a r t a l i z ci s t o r i c c ,c l c t a l i i l ca c c s t t l it i l r t l c l t r g t t nrcntarc vrlr fi dc nlare intcres. Elc ptlt fi clasificatelogic in llatrtr g r u p c : l . C a n d i d a t u l p c c a r ei l v o i v o t a e s t e p c n t r u . . . ; 2 . C c l r t l r r l t c a n r l i d : t t e s t e p c n t r u . . . ; 3 . C c l d l a l t c a n d i c l a tc s t e i n l p o t r i v a . . . ; 4 . ( l a n t l i r l a t u l r n c u c s t c i n r p o t r i v a . . .i n s i l , p r i n t r c c c l e n t a i n t t l l t ( l c o s u t l i r l c c o n r c n t a r i il ) c c i r r cl c - a n r a d t t n a t ,n t t R c x i s t i l t n i c i n l t l c l r r u n s i n g u r c ^ ' L ( l c t i l l u l 4 , i n c a r eo i n t e n t i e d e v o t s r il i c j u s t i f i c a t i i ttnui ltlcrtl. I)clnocragii ntt att unui crtndid^t itilpoltiL,(t lrrin 1r<rzilia spus niciodatii cii l{oclsevclteste inrpotriva n)ilrilor cotttpattii satl t r i W i l l k i c n r r c l r l l l l [ , ]l r t rrror.ropolttr iit , r r c p t t b l i c i u l i in r t a t t a f i r n - l i tc .- l c lp u l i r r l a s a u h a l t c l c g i s o c i a l e( s c u t i r i l cd c i m p o z i t c , l a a j t t t o a r e oriclror o a r r r c r r ia i u rrranif'csta rc i l c c s t cr r l c g c r i , t Iillcrcirt irtribttirca t c ntl i rrtc irgrcsivc:crr rtdiclitti lor ltrefcragi. ( l i r r r r l i t l a t uo l l l o z . i l i ca a c l t z . l il t t t t t t l t lt l i r c c t c i i c s t c i f o s t ,d c s i g t t r , r l c t i p r r l. 1 . pcricrrkrs l ) e n t n r r r n u l n i t cg r t t l t u r is o c i a l c i,h a r g t t t t t c t t t c n l c n t i o l l x t c r n a i s t t s .D a r a i c i t r e l l u i e a m i n t i t i i o d i s t i n c p i ci t r t p < l r tantri intrc cclc cloui tabcre. Dernocragii s-atl justificat prin progranrul social al liri lioosevelt tle douit ori ut'.ti n'ltllt declt s-rltl i r r a r i l o ra f a c c r i < l c c d t r c W i l l k i c . l)ronunlat impotriva sLrsIincrir l { c p r r b l i c a n i i ,p e t l c a l t r ll ) a r t e ,a u t b s t i n c l i n r r l is i l p r t n c t c z cp o l i r i c-.ilc ccorronticc pcriculoascalc lui l{oosevclt ccl llulirt la fcl tle rlcs pc cit au rlcccntuat bencficiile l)c citrc Willkic intcntionit sii lc o f c r c o : r r r r c r r i l o< r l ca f a c c r i .

sor:irrlc ,f ' r r n r l t tc lr i lir W i l t k i c a r l r r v o r i z a nrrrrilc cont[)ilt]ii 1i irjtttortrclc ()ri i(lcca cii sirlirriilc ar scritlcir r l i r c i ir t r t l a l c s . A r g r r r r r c n t c l c lu)lri l l c a f a c c r i ,c l i i l i r r r a t r rr , , o n r l r o g i r t " i r r f i c r i W i l l l i i c v a i n r l l r r r r i i t i i tc I { o o s c v c l t r ' : rt l i s t r t t g ca fr r c c r i l cs i r t tt : i iu r f l s r r l r r r r i r r u t clcpcnrlcngir in l n u n c i t o r i l o rp r i r rl l o l i t i c al r r i p r i v i n t lS o n r r r j r r l . A r g t t r r r c n t c l cc i r r c l L r t . i n c u r r .r l c c o r r S t i i r r ttilrc t : l a s rs l - a t rr c l ' c r i t l r rl l r o l l l c r r r c l c l c r r r r i c r i l o rl . r ro < : r c S t c r lc l l t t i c i l ) : l t:i r i l l r o s p c r i t r l tg i ic r r c t i r l c r l l r t r l r i t itlt r t n i r s t rrtt rrlntia tlintrc t;arrrlitlirg ,i r n t l c r : v l r r c ll ) r ( ) g r i l l rir n r u l u i s o c i a li r l l l r c s c c l i r r t c l r rl iu d r r t o r i r p r r r l r l i c ig i i la clrcltuiclilc , (:ontcr'tc x i l g c r l l ( cg c n c r x t c< l cp o l i t i r : a Ncrv [)cal'?, irlrltrrr <i l cr l i v c r s c l , p o l i t i c rl r r i l { o o s c v c l il t s c l l f c t i t r i it l i v c t s cr l c g c r r r r , t r l i tt l c c l r t s r l " . ( ) i t n l ( ' n i i ( l r r c l)irrtrc ilu nlcnIi()nirr t rrgnrrrcrrtcc r:ollorrricc lc a t t t r r c ic i r r t l s - u t tr i l z g i r r t l i ti n l i r v o a r c a rcllulllicarrilrlrr..1 u 9 rtofcrit argun)cntctlc t:lrrsiia , r 4 l J .a l t c t i P r r r it l c i r r g r n ) t c n t cl.) r i r r t r cd c r r l r o c r r r t i , 7 3 a u f i i c r t t c o r n c n t a r i i a s r r l ) r ltrl c z . [ t a t c r i l oc rc o l t < ' l r l r i cc ca r c a v c i t t t u n c : t r r r c t ctrl c c l a s i s i n t r n r i r il 2 n r r u r r p r o c < : d r u r ts t t ' c lA . ccsr I t t c r t tr c l c v i io t l i t t l i r r P l r r s l i t p t t t lt : i ir l c r n o c r a t i i a u t i r s rr n l i i r r c l i l r a t i i i s I d i s c r r t ci n t c r n r c n i t l c r : l a s i iA s r i g i r n d c a s c is . c c a s t an u i n s c i t n l l l i i c l i c i l t r f i a v r r to . . c o l ) $ t i i n t rc i l c c l u s r i "n t a i r r v u l t s a t ic i .i r n l r id c g r a b i r c i i n t t r c s i t t t t c l r tltr r c s i t t n i s o c i r r l c i l r cs i i r l c t c r r n i n cr l i s i n r r r l i r r c irrtcrcsclor lor tlc r;lirsii. I t u r r c I u lc c l l t r i r l l r l i s c u g i clil ( ] i l : i t rc cs t c s t r r l r i l i r cc rt rr p r c c i z i c a r c l a i i c i t l i r t t r co t i t l l i r r i5 i r : o n t i n r t t t trlr r g r t r n c r r t i is ri r i l cc t : o n o l l r i c c ( ' l ' l r l > c l r tIl) . r \ t r r r t c c i i r r r l r r t ti r r r r o c a rtr r g t r n r c r r t cc lc l cc l u s ; it,l c r n o c r a g . i i
'l'irlrclrrl l'. t\trtttrtt tt/ ttlr'.gilot'ilor' ,,ttt,t/,i/i", rtltultlirtrtti 5i rh'notritli, (ilt t 11L'/)/'(t/ ftill iltyilDl(ttlt' r/c t /a.srj Repttblicani 14 3s0 49 73 Dernccrati 73

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i e guvcrnare' i a r e e x p c r i e n g td c r r n r l i r l i r t rp r lr c z i t l c n l i a lc r : o n ' r a m 1>c interpretarea c l e d t r $ c i l i n l i x i s r r l p r o b r r l r i l- r l o i l i r c t r l r ic i r r e t r e l ) l t i e l r r p r i p r r t lr i t n d .t t p t t l c l i n t r cc a n c l i c l aitli; i c o r l s t r t t i s c i r c c s t r rric l . u l t i r t . o caricrilrlc orrr rlc :rfitceri,iar cehlalt avcain spateo caricril ptrblicli. susliniitorii [or au fost siligi s'i intr-o anunritli nrrisurii,prin urnl'.rre, g i o ci s r l instt;;cascil. r r ( ) u c l ) ttc l ( ; c r r s tri l i s t . i r r c l i5 i vcittt t i r l l t t t l c i lc c i t l o i c i t r t d i d a t a I ) r r rr r t rc s t c t o ( ' l n 1 li ir r r i r n p l i l t o r p r e i ; c dirtgii i n c o a c c , l ivil u r l t r c c r r t a t i t c l c t l i l c r i t , D c l a l { r l z b o i L rC d c n r o c r r r l i s i r n l l o l i z a s c r {i t t t o t d e a u n a i m p o r t a n I a g t t v c r t t i t r i i c a scop iu sine. (irover Clevelalrd este asociatcu primul sttcces in rcfrrrrnrrserviciilor llrrblicc. Wo<ldrorvWilson fitsese ltrofestlr de stiirrtc irlc guvcrnririi, ;;i politicrtltti, ,,Nar lirvcrlout', acccntttilsectl r l e o s c l r i r c r o l r t l g u v c r n L r l L r i .n s f l r g i t . p o l i t i c a N a t t D u l a l u i o conccpfie conrplct nottilasttlrrainstittrliikrr l{oosevclt intro<lut:ert grtt,crttarnc rltalc. dilttotdcauna ric p t t b l i c a n il,l r i i n c l t tllo r , f i r s c s c r d l\tlnrirristrutori (t lc D r r p r lR r l z b t t i u l C i v i l ,c i i l l r o b l c n t c l ec c o n o n r i c e . r n : r ip r c o c t - t 1 ) a itrr first sinibolLrlexpansiunii critre Vest. IvlcKinlcy a rrebuit sii sc c o u c c n t r c z c a s u l ) r ap r o b l e n r e l o rr n o n e t a r ei i t l s c a l e .T o a t e c e l e atlt f o s t a l e s c r r e i g r r v c r n z i rric p r r b l i c a n c d c d u p r l l { d z b o i u l l r 4 < - r n d ia g n r l i c p l i r t f o r r r r c l op ' l,r r d i r r g l i i n c l r o l i t i c c c t l r c v i z a u 1 > r o s p c r i t a t cIa r ltl ) r o i l l ) c rrnt;lrrrtlicla arrtigttvcrnamctrtaC l.4 r x l l i d g cc r c d c a c d , , a f i t ccrilc srrnt afirccrcaAnrcricii", iar Ho<lvcr cra consitlcrat ,,NIarcle Irrgirrcr", rcl)fczcntillrt al rrrrrilor contpanii ttrinicrc. l)c scttrt, l i i g t r r i r1 /l l a r c s r i r r : p r c z i n t e c f c c t u l r c z i d u i r la l u r t c i t r l c l i g i ii s t o r i c c clcstrr I dc cclrrscct,cnte. prin nogiunea d e i n r p l i c a r cs o c i a l d . lclccitpoatc fi gcneralizatd N c - a r n p r r t c a g i n d i l a o t i p o l o g i e a , , c x t r o v e r t i g i l o rp " olitic, care pi guvenrilrca nrai importantri decat rrfhcerile care acclrd{ considcrei decit celor nagiornri rnlrrc grc[rtatc prrlblemek-rrinternagi<,rnalc rrtlc. irr nriltcrillul nostru, sc obscrvil tcnclirrlaca clif'erenjclcclirrtrc cclc tlrrtii p'.rrtidcsti nreargllp'lnil la acest nivel tle ansambltt. in cu prictenii dumo c t o r n l > r i cs , u b i c c g i ia r r f o s t i n t r c b a g i :, , V o r b i g i

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I ; i g t r r r rl 0 i t r i r t rrl i l s p t t t r s t t r i l c r t i t c c : r s tirtlr t r c l x r r cl,) c n ( n ro t t r n c r r i i c u r c .I i rl t c c i t r l t t t l ii,t v c l r L sc tttrcPtrlllicitnc. i r r t c r r r l i i t lv co t d c r n ( ) c r l r ( I ) c r n o c r i r t i i c r i t u v i z i [ ) i l n t i l i i l l t c r c s i r t id c r r i z b o i d c c i t r c l l L r b l i c a n i i . A s t l c l . c o n l ( ) r n r d l t c l o r n o i l s t r c ,a v c a u t c l l c l i n t a c l c a l l c x t r ( ) v c r t i t ip o l i t i c , c u u n p t r n c t r l c v c ( l c r c n r a i , , i r r r 1 l l i c a tI "i.i t o n s i t l c r r r rtt: i i r r l - r r c c r ill)cr i v i l t cs u l t l l t l i t i l ) u t i t l i n ) l ) ( ) r t : r r r t lc ccir t l < ' r t t c l r i t tp l t r l r l i cf i c n l r t r c l r r t i vr ) t ' . liit ) t c r c s r r tril c s e c r r ui n t c n l u l i o ntrl:i r l c c i t r l c l l r o b l c n r c l ci n t c r n c . t\stlcl. ant srtgcrac t l o r r :rll i f c r c n ; c i d c o l < l g i cic n t r c r ; c l cc l o r r i1 i l:rr( 2 ) t i t l c : ( I ) a t r P o z i l i i( ) l ) l r s c irsr.rl)r ' r t s o t s c i r r l c < l i l c rcrrli llrolrlcnrclor ( , p c s c i l r i i tiazii i l l o t c r i c r i1 l, , c x t r o v c r t i r i i "p o l i t i c c s a t r a i r n l l l i c i l r i i sociitlc.s

r csplc' c l i t r l l t t t rc l l i s c t t t i i l od C i t i r o r r r l i 5 i r n r r i r n l i l r t c f t c .P r o l l a b i l , (lc() l i il trtl t l l r r " ' l i r s c s lcl r t l ) i t t i t t t l l l l l il ( ) . 1 0 . , , 1 { l i Z l ) t c r r l z l r ori l i r rv i l r r r rltl t c r v c t t t i c i \ c r i c ( l c v i c t o r i i z t l r o b i t o l t t lct :l c ( i c r n t a r l i c ' iI.t r t l l r l c l t r i '.tctrtrl. {irscsc lccrtl(itrii l,cgcll illltcriciutc tlcvc:nisctlin ce in ce nrai itrccPttsc s:i ia l,otirtii, iirr Progr,ilrrulpcntnt indtrstrit <lc rrl);.lrrrrc dltr L c g c i l i l l l l ) r l l n ) t l t t l l l l i ( l n t r d - l - t ' a t t ) " r l t r i r l l l l r t t s ci l r c i l ' rrviirrt. cvitlcntri, i n t c r r l i r rl r r i l l o o s c v c l t t l c a - i a j t r t i r 1 l c A l i r r l i t l c v c r l i s c : p o l i t i c c ,t t n i i i t l c c l l c r t t l s l s c i t r t l l o t r i v c r t s c r l in lustl'c l ei t , i r r c c r c t r r r l c ca IrccstUc i u r c n t c l i r r l l o l i t i c a c x t e r n ' i , P r 0 l l l c n t r ti z o l i r l i o n i s t t t t r l t t i t 'ilci' p o s i b i I i t t t c i ; i c r t a l c g c r cc o l l s t i t t l i ac h c s t i u r r c i z a l l c l r r r it l c r l i r t cc r l r cl l c a r a t l lc i c g i i t ( ) r iri c p t t l r l i t : : r l l i A y r : r r rt l o r r r s tlcnroctirlii' t i l c l c u r r s l ) r c ( ) p ( ) l i t i c i )i z . 6 l i r p i o r t i sltlilli l i n l l l l t t l c t : i t t l t t t r r i, , i r t t l c xr r l I J n i r d i n t r c s r l r s cc s t c u l ' r s c o r P c c a r c l - l t r t l t t t t c : a cunlttlxtivii r l c r i v i s n l u h l il t r o - A l i a g i "g i c a r e c s t e c o n s t r t r i tp c b a z a ditr llrccctlcrtttrl rl < r l i t i c c l i r l 0 s i t r il ) c n r r u i n r l c x u l p r c c l i s P O z i ; i i l o1 t l c l i r l L Ic ,c itrtrLrl)trl l l ) ( ) I t ) c t l t t l l :, i r t c r r l l i t . l .S - t r r r ' r r s t l . r r i i i r r t r c 5 r l r i, l i l i t c p c n t r r rA r r g l i i r - t r t i t il l t r l i r l t l c c i t l r r c c r r lrl c t t l l l , s l l l i r c i t . S t r r t c ltc n)tllt' tlar ctt cxccpliir intrlirii itt trtzlxri?"1 ccctrcc flcell tlctllll satll1)ai ,,()ccrcclcliclcsllrclcgclrecrtttiirii-oltllrtllliltisallodezaPrtllrtti?" i - t l l lo l ) l l si t t i t P r o g r r r t t l t t h t i d i r r t r cr e p l l l ) l i c i i l l s 2.5% AProxirnirriv i l r i t a n i i ,i n v r c r t r c s l t r r r u i r j r t t o r o r i tN ' l a r i l ii , i i t 5 i r r c o r d i \ rr r l c i i l r , r l i r r cc iz.olltriox iU a f i $ a t a c c a s t l i1 l < l z . i 1,i,c c c n U n l a i I 1 9 . 1r,l i n c l c r r r o c r i t q c x trcrttc' l l t c l a r i i { i r i r r t c r r i s t t i "i 1 a r r r l r c l cl l r g l l l c t l . l c l.{ c l r r t i at l c y i t t c t ir StlttclcIitritc stirtcortlc I ) i n t r c c c i 3 l t r l c o l t t t t c l t i( : l l r cl l l l c l < l r i c cci 42 I n i r i l r l t t i t . li l j r r r r l rA r r g l i c i ,t l T % c r i t t r r c l l t l l l l i c : t n i .i l l r t l i r r t r c lcgca irrrolilrii dtrPii cc a lirst \'()tiltll' tlttt ttotl cilrc:rlu tlczirl>rOl)lrt l J l ' l . c l r t t t r c l ) ll l ) l i o i t t l i ' t|ltcli ttc Accastii tlir,ergettitidc tlllinii dcr'itrc r;i rtriri c\'i(lcnttl srr[licctii oll'rit intoart:crnsl)rc a (loua scric. nx)tivelc 1lecarc rti lc-itrt
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p r o c c n t u j r l r t ) e n t i l r u t o a t i t u c l i n e , , c o r e c t d "a s u l ) r a t u t u r ( ) r s i l t t r l l ) r ( ) 1 l ltx lr ' t l r r ( )c r c l r l ro p t a r g l t m e r ' t tfe t t r n i z , a td ee c e l e d o t l t l t a l . ) e r e . 6 i t r l i l s Lr c l a t i v [ ) c r l c i r l t l l ) i r r t c !i l l ) r o x i r n a t i v 35o/o c l i n t r cs u s l i n r l t o ra l i p s i l i r l c c n t u z , i i r : . i rIrr r g ' J d c a r g t t r n e n t c l c1 l r o 1 > r i t r l tl lo i r ;lnrticl l { c : p L r b l i c i r nti;ii r l c n r o c r a g is i-audistribuitin nrod egal pc accastd s t r r r i l .l ) t , :r i ( ' r r r t r . l r:xistrro t t r l r r j i l r n r r r cr l c t o l e r u n l l l l o l i t i c r i c l i r r r r l c g r i t o r i l o r . A c c s t l t r c r uc s t c q ; in r i t i ( l c r ' n n t l c a t c n l i c d i t c i li l l)itrtcrl c o l r l l ) i u r l r nc u l ) r l r t i z , a r r a t u a lf i i ; r r td c c l i r c c t r l r i ir l c c a r t t p a t r i c ,i t r prcsti sau in clcclaratiilepublice. Aga cunr vonr ariita in Capitolrrl Xlll, propagandadin tinrpul campaniei a fost nrult mai radicala dccit rrrarctlnrasiia oiuncnilor. ( ) r r l t r id o v l < l r ir r l r c c s t c ia t i t u d i n i i n d u l g c r r t cf t r g Ic l c c i r r r r p a n i c o c ( ' n r i t i t r . l is cc l r i r r r b i r i l c dc opinic alc unor rcpttblicrniiu privin;rt o siptrlnrind I r r i l t o o s c v c l t , i n r c c l i a td r r l > ra l lcgcri.I.a aproxinrativ de h ziua alegcrilor, cdnd ecourile canrpaniei nici nu avtrseserd tinrlr sri sc stingri. 22Vo dintre alcgiitorii rcpublicani avcau dcja o i r t t n r it l c s p l c l { o o s c v c l t ,c l r r c f u s c s c r c a l c s l ) r c l c ( l i l l t c . l)ircrc rrrrrl i n s r i r r r r r j o r i t i l t ct xc l ) u l ) l i c a n i l o ir; ; i u r c n l i t r c i r t o r lliniilc dinititttctlc z i u i ra l c g e r i l o r . 1\ccustritolcrantii rclrtivA in materic de partizanat politic se cxplicii, in lrrrrtc, prin faptLtlcd cxisti c0teva l)uncte in argunrcnt c l c :c r r r r r P l t r r i ic n i t;rtrc c c l c d o t t i l t r t b c r cs - r r t . t r t st l c a c o r d i t t t r - t t t r l) l. r r r o r ls r r b s t i r n l i r r I ) r r n c t u l p r i n c i l l a l r r l a c o r d r t l u il l r i v c a p c r s o r r a l i tiitilc cirntliclatikrr. intr-cl listtrde opt argunrentesupuse sprc cxar-ninarc sul)icctilrlr,rrrrfost i;i doud argumente ce se rcl'creaula tr?Isiituri rlc llcrsonalitatc: ,,lLooscvelt are o cxtraordinarii caristtrii,o nrrlrc l c r r r u n c l ; i o i n t c l i g e n g a ls c u g i t i l . " l )nl c i r l ) i r c i t i l ttc ; ! V i l l l t i ce s t c r - n ( ,, p r o v i n c i a l , c a r c ,r l c p i p r o v i n c d i n t r - u n o r { g e l s - ar l e s c u r c a s t i n g u ri r r v i a t r il i ; i - a c r < l i to c a r i c r i i , d a t o r i t i lg c n i u l u i s d u i n a l a c c r i . " Nrr nurrrai cii acestcargumente au fost cele mai larg acceptatc r J c s r r l r i c c g ic ; l c a u c o r l s t i t u i t. e i n g t r v / ea r g u l ' n c n t cc u c a r e a u f o s t c l c r r c o r r ln l r l j o r i t r r t c a cil l r c l v c r s a r i l oC r .h i a r r c p u b l i c i r r r i a i u itclrtris I l o o s c v c l t c n r i r r t c l i g c n t q i n r u n c i t o r , i l l t i n r p c e d e m o c r a r g ia iu rlcccl)tirt cli \Villhie cr'.Irln onr dc sllcces.Inclif'erent ce crecloamenii t l c : ; p r c p o l i t i c i c r r i i n r i r r r - r rs i ,e p a r e c d c i p r c f c r r l s i l c r e a c l i ic i ' i c c i

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78 /,llutntrtnnlutttt/rti l ) ( ) l l l i l ) r l l i l i l lt li c t t t r t tl i r t r c r i rc t c i l n ) l r ii n u l t i ii r r s t a t s u n t o i l t l c n i ( l c v i t l o r r r c .A c c s t r t c s t c l t t r l l t c t o r i l n p ' r t r l r ) t c i l r c l l t c i l i t c a z r a l ttt()rcl)c invins. l l c l l r r I l l i c l r r rs i ii t l c r r o t : r l t i i i r u r l v u t i n g c n c r l l : r c c l c a S oi p i r r i i l l s u l ) r r tp c r s o n a l i t r i t i c i a n r l i r l a t r l o rA . 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s f i i r p i t uC l l p i t o l r r h r i I I I , c A n da m v o r b i r d e s p r ep r e d i s p o z i l i i l cp o l i t i r : c .I r r r l c x r rirl c t : ' r r 1 i ni n f t r r n r u gc i ir r l c s c in clifcritc ctallc alc strrtlirrlrri2 l nul dintrc avantajelc ; i , r s t f c l , c x c r n P l i f i c iu r e h n i c i ii n t e r v i r - r r i l . r rcl)ctutc. Accstc irrdcxrrrilloc fi folosite pcntnl lr rrlspunde la intrcbarca: crrrn se diflcrcngiazti oamenii cu niveluri diferite de interes l a l i i r l c c i r r n l l i r n i c l i n p u n c t t r ld c v e d c r c a l a n v c r g u r i o i rizontrrlui dc o p i n i i , i r l P a r t i c i P i l r ilia a l c g e r ip i a l i n t e r e s u l u ig e n e r a lf a g { d e p r o pagandzl? Pc nrelsurri ce nivelul de intercs scade,(a) clin ce in ce ntai l r e c v c n t s c r i l s P r r r r cc lc u , , N u g t i t r " l a a n u r n i t ei n t r e b d r i d e o p i n i e , ( b ) P l r t i c i p a r c a5 i i u r P l i c a r c t an c a m p a n i es u n t d i n c e i n c e m a i s c . r ;/.utc fi (c) scadc nivclul cxpuncrii ll comunicitrca politicrl (l;ig u r i rI l ) . Astfcl, cxisrii o relapic logicri intrc autocvaluarea subiecpilor qi i c c l c l a l t c c o n r p o n c n t ea l e c c e a c e n o i n u r n i n r , i c ( ) n r chcstiorrag estinrarea 1 > l c x uc l lc intcrcsc". Tocrnai de aceea, interesuluicstc rrn nrccrrnisrrr vrrliclde clasificare.Ca s'trfanriliariz:Imcititonrl cu i r c c s r .n c i v c l r r r i ( l c i n t c r c s ,c i l r c v o r j t r c a r r n r o l r n a j o rm a i t i i r z . i r rn ,c v o r n i n t o a r c c i r c u n l l a u n c l c a p l i c a p ip i rclintinarc. Iiigrrra ll: Ca nit ortnetii sunt nni intercsaJirle a/egeri,cu ak?t rru rttni rttrr//r,opiuii asupra pnblenelor po/itice rlezbritute, /nrlit.i/tri rtrrri ar.lia ht un1nnfu,ri unrtdrv.rciulro rtti.ruri rttrti tttrtrr ptopaga nda e/ectoru/ti
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90 /'llutni.rrntluotultri cu oantcntioci llxli lrogrrts i r u c t l l i d c r i i c i v i c i . I l , is c g i i s c s c in toatc ' l ' a b c h r ll l l ) . grttprrrilc p r o { i ' s i o l r a l(c [ ) i n t o r r t cp l r n c t c l c c l e v c d c r c , l i d c r i i c l c o p i n i c a u ( l c n r o f t s t r a r r t r t r r l t i n r r r r ci n t c r c s l ) c n t r u P o l i t i c t . i n t i r r r l l c c n u l t ) a i 2 . l l ( . ,t l i n t t c t n n l a r c i n t c r c s f r r ; i r l e a l c g c r i ,r r n p r o c c : n t dc , , t l i s c i P < l l i i"r u a r i ' l t i lu (tl%t rlintrc litlcrii dc ollirric ri-irulut()cstirrratca atitrc. [,a l'cl s-a i r t t i r l p l i r t i ; i i n p r i v i n g r r r r n r r l r i r ic i :ornrrniciirilo pr o l i t i c e :p c f i c c a r c n i v c l c l c i n t c r c s , l i d c r i i d e o p i n i e c i t c a r rg i a s c u l t a um a t c r i a l c l cd c ( ' I ' a b c l r r lI V ) . N { a i c a n r p a n i c r n u l t n r a i n t u l t d c c a t r c s t u lc c t d t c n i k r r r r r u l t ,c h i a r s i l i t l o r i i r l c o p i r r i c c a r c ; ; i - a t r g r a d r r ld c i n t c r c s cirlificat s i r u, , r c r l u s "a r rc i t i t ; i a r rt t r n t i r i t c o r r r t r r . r i c i l rlillo ca ,,tnorlcrirt" cl i t i c c m a i n ) r r l tc l c c i t n o n - l i c l c r ic i l eo p i r r i cc a r cs c c o n s i r l c r a u intc,,tixrrtc rcsa[i". in 1'rlus e,i < l i s c u t a tp r o l i r i c l n t a in t u l r c l e c i t a l g i i . clinrre 90%o 'l-alrclul lll I'roportio /irletilor rle r,piaieSi a relorlohi iu rliferitele

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Iu). I)ar, Penrnl ficcare nivcl dc itrtcres.cicntocrllii atl lllilni{-cstilt tendinl'.t clc a sc hotiiri nuti grcu dccit rcpttblicrtnii' in grttPtll alc intercsuhtisc clittlitrrtertz.ii Antrrrritc altc ntanif'cstrlri a c i i r u i c l c c i z i cc s t e a n l a n a t dp l n r i i n t r l t i n l c l c s t a d i i a l c c a n l P a n i c i . i rr frlstintrc[afi dilcll crall ,,f<rartc t l r t , s r r l t i e c q ia l , i r r r n 1 r ( ) p t c l . ld c tl neftilrtlitori" srl-;i vadl canclidatulales,<lacilPot sptlnc cil ,,lttt vrful sil-tni trirrcdic rlacii nu sc intAnrltl{ apa, tlcpi lni-ar Pltlcca eitrc r;tic cc"' cirlrrlirlatrrlitlcs" siltl tlrtc:\,,ntt contc'.1/:l sI-1;ivrttlil llrcl'cI)crsounclc cirrc Crau .,loarte ncrillrtldt<xrrc" c e l c h o t i r i t c t l c l i r i t r t ' c P t t tc t t c i l l c s i i r r r r r rc l i i g t i g i n , l a r rf o s t c l i r r t r c \ ' o t c z c ( l i i g r r r a 1 9 ) .A c e l c a $ im o t i v c c a r c l e - l l l i r l t p i n s s r i - 1 li l c r t g r i i l c c t t l r r t li ; i s r i - ls t t s t i t t riir t c i r l c l i c l a t u li l c a c l c l l i l t c e p t r t t r lj < r c u l t t c lc rtlt:gt'rr' t i s l i f i C f t r a r t cl ) l ' c ( ) c l l l ) i l ttc r . o r r t i l l r r r c l c - l t t td c t C r l r r i n a 5 lr l lcgcrilor rrr ( ) r r r n c t t ic i i l r c t t L li t t t l o s t f r x r t c i l t c r c s a ! i t l c I e T . l l l t i l t t i lirst clintrc cci cc s-arrlrotiirit tirz.irt in catrtpltttic.lii rrtrt'orrsitlcrrrt cr l l l t i i t l c c i t l l il ) c t r t r r c c t l l i l r c$ l x r l i l $ t g l t t l ts l i o i t r t i i n r p l r l rs t ; r in t r z r t ' l t t

Irrtcrcstrl gi rrrrxnerrttrl deoiziei (iu cit oitrncrrii a u f i l s t n t i l i i n t e r c s a t i t l ca l c g c r i ,c u i l t a t s - a ul r o t i i r i t t t t a i r l c v r c r r r cc u c i r r c v o r v o t i t . A p r o a l l c r l o t r r lt r c i r n i t l i n t r c a l c g r l t o r i i l i r : r r t cr r r t c r c s i r s t ic l r o t r i r i s c r J t l c i r rp i r r r i i r r l r r r r i r l r r i s i r r r r r l t t t r r r iP r r t i r r r l c i r r r r l r i t r r tt lc i r r t r c( ' c i c U u n i n t c r c sn t : r is c r i z t ro t llictrs c r i i p i n r i l r t t r r r c( i l ; i g r r r ; rI J ) . 1I ) o r r r o o l ) t i l t ) cd i n t r c c c i l i r a r t ci n t c r c s i r l ir u ri t l t c l ' | ( r lp t i r r l i c ; i t r cs l i L p i t u c l a r l l > u n i ciin a i r r t ct l c u s c l r o t i i r i

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schimllrlri i1 srrbiccgii att fosgintrcbali dac'l observascril ot:torrrltric, i arc i n t c : r r l i i l c< l c t , o t a l c t t n t t r o a m e n i c l i n i t r r t r ll o r . I { e ; l t r b l i c a t r ic citi t r c ' . l t l I r r rs c r p t t r t l attt t ) c t t r c t ) ti n f a v o a r c i lrt r i W i l l k i c A i d c t n 1 ; c r i t t r irr prirlttl rf;1d virajclc cltrc Rggsevclt s-att aflat cop$l.icnriz.irt . eeace au vilztlt petreclrrdtt-sc cl e c o r n p a t i t r i l i t a t cC iltr-o sitrrirpit i n j r r r t t l l o r i t c o i l t c i sc t r 1 r r < l l l r i i llc l r c l ' c r i n 1 cA . cciaclrc attsctlrtritlaf dimpotrivtl' prcsittlrii;cilri irrsllrc l)ilrtidul atlvcrs au fost sLlpl-lli, nilor conflictualc ale asocia;ilorlor' (t. Irttettia dc aot rlix 1940 Si atihdiilca fa!(i de afacei 5i guacmotvi in final, prcsiurrcaconflictualdse poate manifestaintre intengiadc r,ot rr rrpci I)crs()lltrc Ai atitudipca ci fatl clc <ltcnril fttntlanrenta[i it irccsroralcgcri. i1 intcrviul din octgmbrie,slbiccgii au fost cltcstignali cg ;lrivirc la pirerile lor referitoarela aceast{tem{: considerau cil estc mai in'rportantpentru un prepedintesi aibd experien;d in afaceri satt in guvernare?Majoritatea oamenilor cu inten;ii de vot in tinrp c r t c X p c r i c n l {l n a f a c c r i , l l rv l t t t t l l l r c a e d i t r t e r c p r r l r l i c r r n ic cc rrcciircirrc yr-liausil-i votcZe 1tc clctt'tocrali llrel'crarrcXllcrictlga unii subiccpialc gsvernameltald ir canclidatuluilor. Au fost, tt-rtupi, c i i r o r a t i t t t d i n c p i i n t c n ; i c d e v o t s - a u d t l v e d i t c o n f l i c t u a l e- r c P u petttru c'.trtdi<latul g,Uveglantcntalii lrlicirni crrc clorcauexpcrientrA l x l ) c r i c n I t li r t l f i c c r i l o r l l r c z i c l c r r l i l lp i t l c n t o c r t l i c a r c c o l t s i ( l c r a lc . c c i ; t i d c v i a n ; i a t l f t ) s tg i c i , l l r i n l r r l ) a r c , s t t l t r t P i l r i r i i r r r p o r t a n t i iA r u n u ia n u m i t t i p d e p r e s i u n ec o n f l i c t u a l i .

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I)c cc arrurnirr:rt to;i accpti ourncni lrrarca rrncidcciziil)erson u l c p r i v i r r t l v r t t r l ? I n P r i n r r r lr i i n t l ,l c - ; . f ro s t d i f i c i l s d s c h o t i t r a s c i l gi pcntrtt ('i'|aU .lvut, pUr 5i sinr;rlu.arguntcnte irr firvoarcaarillrilor culrtlidapi. U r r c o r i ,i l c c s t c t n o t i v c a u f t r s t a t e t d c e c l r i l i l > r a t ci , nciir d c c i z i r r a t r c l r r r i t l u r r r i li n l r r r r c t i cc l c u r r a l t r c i l c a f a c t o r . I ) u l l i i l c l c g i r t c d c t l i r c c ; i a c c a r r r a i l r r r n i l- v o t u l p c n t r u r c p u b l i c a n i s a u -, corrrltinrrtc clr procesul,.rrrtojustific.irii, au detcr[)ctrtru dcnr<lcrati n r i n a t a n l l i n a r c ad c c i z i c i f i n a l c d e v o t . ,n i i r l i n t r c c c i s u p r r p l , i n a l d o i l c r rr i i n < 1 u ilrcsirrnilor rxrrrflictrralc p i - l t ua i r r i i r r artl c c i z . i a v o t tlc cvcnirncntc carcs{ l ) c n t r rt r : i la ; t c p t i r r r l c r c z o l v c c o r r l ' l i c t c l ci n t c r i o a r c . i n c a z . r rp l ilrticularitipilor indivitlr,ralc o confli(:trrirlc , a s c m e n c ar c z < l l v a r e nici nu cra posibili, dar i n a l t c c a z u r io r c c < l n c i l i c r c a i n t c r c s c l o rc o n f l i c t u a l cl l r r t c af i c h i a r ( ) anticiplltii. p c r s o a n l iI ) u t c a s p c r a c i i , i n t i n t l t u l c a n r p a n i c i ,v a r c u p i s d - i c ( ) n v i n g i lp c a l g in r c n r l r r il i l i r r n i l i c is a l c s a u ,n r a i r n t r l t ,l c p u t c a a c o r d dt o a t c ; a n s c l c t l c a o a d u c c ; l c c a i r r s d pp i e f a g a p ug l Andirii lor. .ti. dcscori. ftrnriliachiirr a fiircutacest lucnr, Satr,din nou, ar fi prrtrrt lstcl)ta ca clcsfiigrrrarcl canrpirniei sd-i frrrnizczcaltc datc i n s p r i j i r r t rt llcr:izici s a l c .i n s r l .i n l l r f i t l a r c n d i r r g cc i l cc o n s c c v c n gi r l .r i t t i t u c l i n i , r r n c o r i c o n t r a d i c l i a n u a l i r s t r c z o h , a t dp i s u b i c c t u l s - a lu rrrrra r l c v o t c u e o n l l i c t c l c i n t c r i o a r ci n c l l n c r c z o l v a t c . l)rcz.cntllt Astfcl rlc prcsirrrrf i a c r l i n a c c $ t ii l l c g l l r o r io p r a r l i lr l i s p r r r a t r il n r t t o t l c g a l d c r l i r e c r o r ir i l c c a r r r l l r r r r; ir ciu r r r l l c l o lr) i l r t i ( l i jc , i irflincltr-sc crr citc rrn Picirrr i n o g r a d l l l c c r l r e it a [ ) c r c . Sunt srrpugi r r n o rf a c t o r i carc ii intlcarrrlrJ sri ii vot,cz.c pc rcltublicilt)i, (lar, l)oatc in egalel nrdsurrl,gi rrltoracarc ii indrcaptil spre dentocrati. I ) i n a c c s t l l t r n c t d c v c r l c r c , i r r t c n s i f i c a r cc aa m p a n i c ic d t r c s f d r () accstciil cstc irrvcstilic l)unil i;itrrl l)cntnr amllclc Partidc,in rnlsurir itr carc lxratcli cf-rcicnti. V o r n r c a m i n t i c z io a m e n i i c a r es e h o t d r d s c t r l t i n r i i s u n [ c c i c a r c c r c t l c r i a l c g c r i l ci i v r r ra f c c t ac e l r n r r ip u t i n . : S c p o a t c i r r t i n r [ ) l r c a t c n r a r i v c l cc x p l i c i r c a l c c : r r r r t l i r l . . r t i ; lo rl c d i r e c ia t r r r i l r r rr l c c a r r r p r r r r i t cl c a l c d c n r o n s t r ac d a l c g c r i l c a o r a r / u c c o

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ttc C a r c c s t c r c l a l i a d i n t r c i n t c r c s g i l l r e s i t r n i l cc o t t f l i c t t t l t l c il ) i t t r i l llint.lirrr cii <l controvcrsilface, adesea,dezllatcrilc ttrai Palllitarttc, 1 l c : c i z .c is l lt c t l i l i t i l t l c l t t r r ( r t t : c i ilt) c t l t r t ls 1 1 g r)c,rllrr l ) l l t c i l r l l t c l ) 1 tt ; r t clc alcgcri' I)ar accitstri sii rlcvitui cci trritirnrlllicagi 1i nlli preocttprtfi ic psihol6dc rcircl ct r t t i p a r c l c r r t c l t t a r i p 6 t c z z i1 p i a i 1 c g p s i c l c r a r t resping ccvil dllttlllc' gicd.Ciind clantcniicloresc ai, in egalanttlsttrii, irdcsca ci rru sc lrrai [6t.iriisc nici 1tr9,nici contra, ci tttri tlcgrabrl celor tniri ntttlrc schirnltl sullicctlrl sru cvittl prolllema. ln cirZ,rrl t l c a i c s i d i t t t r - os i t t r l r l i c1 1 c : P L i c o n l l i c t c d c i n r c r c s c ,r r r o d t r l c o r n o c rrlllrlrtrttlli ti t l c 5 c l t i i c s t e l t r r r g i s i r n l t l t la c e l at l e a - i c l c s c o n s i t l c ria a r e n u n t a l a c o n t l i c t ,c a 9 i c i n d n t t a r t n c r i t l e f o r t t t l ' 2 l \ s t f c l , r u l l p i a l c g r i t g r is t t l l r t ; i l l r c s i t t l i f t l r c t r t r f l i c t t t r t l icl t l i t v t l t rlc oricc l i i l r t rs c i i p i r t trtrclgttllrolllctttri. t c t r t l i t t l at l c A t t l i t l i t t t : t l i z ia r t t ti t v t l t N t t a l c g c r i . i t t t c r c s u l r t if i r l i t{ e : crlullict rcal prin picrtlc:rca t l i t l t r ec a l t l i t l a t i 'A s t t c l , r n t i l ) t c r c sI i n t p c d c p c n t r t lv i c t o r i an i c i t r t l r r i a irtr ci rrrrriirnirsrclrrtivindilLrcntrilir;'I dc rcztrltatttlflrral,ilrr illcgcrrilc ( ) r t t r r clrii ) c l l t r t lc i . a i i t r t p o r t l t t t tlc t l c v c r r i t r r r i r ip r r 1 i 1i t l t c r c s t t n t c t:cl tttrti conllicttralcatl dertrolrstrat clrc llu atl ti)st sttpu;i presiUnilor l crccltcrlc prcsittttt r n i r r c i l t c r c s l ) c l ) t r 1 a l c g c r i ;c h i a r i ; i o S i l l g l t r i p '.tlcgricopflicrrrlle a tilsr in ntasurds{ crcascdsullstanlilrlllroporti:r toril<lrcare gi-au pierdttt itrtcrcsttlfat'I dc alegcri.$i' t:rrcit trtttttlrttl c o r r f l i c t t t l t l c r c $ t c .c r l i l t a t g r l t t l t t lr l c :i t r t c r c st t r i t t l i l i ' s t i i ltrcsitttrilor t l " i g r r r a2 l ) . t u n t l c c l i n n r a i a c c e n t u t r( itt t:c se aflil itttr-o rclrtlic rttttagotticri. trrctori I)ar fiind cri cei doi nr<ttlva irfccta rczult'.lntillor nronrcnttrl tlccizici firralc? lrstc tllrlll r n a i i r n l t o r t a n t( l c c i i tc c l i l l a l t i

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l\lorrrcntttl dcciz,ici dcfinitivc si electoratul rnobil (-ietiprrri rlc alc-gtitori mobili incd nrai trebuie convin;i, o datd pcntru t o t t l c a r r u ap , c parcursul campanici? ( l c l c t r c i t i p t r r i d e a l c g i i t o r im o l t i l i - c r i s t a l i z a t o r i io , s c i l a n g ig ii -i s - u t t l r r r t i l r i tl r s r . r l ) r st:lrinrlrJtori va o t r t l t t ir h - r p i l t t n a n r a i , d a r n t r toli irr rrc:clirp t i r r r p . I ) c f i r p t , c r i s t a l i z u t o r is i -au dccis rnttlt rttai tlcvrcnrc tlccit ccilirl;i; 680/o i5i dcciscscrilvotul pirri in august, -18% Lrtii rlc nttrnai dintre cei carc au schinrbat partidul, rcspectiv 4(flh tlintr c osci lan gi. t a r t i ( l u l2 r l c s I ) r r ri n r i n r l r t l o s c i l i r n ; i k r r -o a m e n i ic a r ca u p : I r : i s i p i n i t i i r l ,r l r r ra r r r c v c n i t r r l t c r i o rg i l - a u v o t a t e x i s t a u n g n r p a p a r t e , l)cntrtt r:rl,lrlir ounr illlt obsorvat nrai srrs,avcnr dclltil tiptrri difcrite c l co s c i l a n t i : c c i c r t r ea u o s c i l a tn u m a i c t l t r ci n d e c i z i eg i c e i c a r es - a t l t l c p l t r s r rc tu t()r l r l c l " r t r c c l i l l a l tp a r t i d .A c c a s t l l, , r r ) a r j l I " clcoscilagic c s t c s c r r r r r i l l t ' r r t i vrrrlt i i t p c n t r t t n r o r n c n t u l t l c c i z , i c if i r r a l c , c l t ; ; i , p c n t r u r o l u l g r a d u l u id c i n t c r e s E i a l l l r c s i t l r r p r tc t r n r v o l n l , c c l c i l , trnilor conllictuale. Oscilantii din indoial;i s-au hotdrit definitiv nrrrlt rnai der,renre decdt oscilangiiintre partidc (57% pAnI in rilrgrfst,f.rgiitlc 14%). Atunci, dacd ii inrptrrgirngre nchottlrAgiin - - c c i a i t r n u i s i r r g u rp a r t i c l( c r i s t a l i z a t < r r t k r r r r lg r r r p r r r i i ;i ii o s c i l r r n g i i r l i r ri r r t l o i a l r i5 ) i c c i c a r e a u e x i s t a ti n t r c d o u d p a r t i d e ( s c h i n r b i t o r i i prol>riu-zi;i i ; i o s c i l a n g iiin t r e p a r t i d e )- , d e s c o p c r i r nc A o a r n e n i l o r c A [ c 2 u ri r r t c n l i o n a tl ) c l ) a r c u r s u l c a n t l l a r t i cs i il v()tczc pcntru arnbclc purtirlclc-a [rrrt mult nrai mult tirnp silajungilla un vot final r l c c i i ta c c l o r a( a r c a u o s c i l a td o a r i n t r c u n p a r t i d ; i p r o l l r i ai n d c c i z i c (1,'igrrra 23). Aproape doLtd treimi dintre cei care au oscilat intre cclc clorrilpartirlc r)u s-au hotelriitllrccis pind in pcrioada finaltr a c r u r r p r r n i c ,a i; l)r()irl)c t l o r r J t r c i n r i t l i n t r c c e i n c h o t i \ r i g ii n p r i v i n g a r l r r t i ds - a t rl r < t r i l r l c r r r r r rs i i r r g L rp t l c l l n i t i v l l i i n i ti n a u g u s t .I ) c n t i l s u r : l cc citnrl'rrrrrir nrt r x i r r u l t i r r r c l e s d p t i i n r i n i ,o a l n e n i i c a r e i n c i l n u ajttnscscrrila o cleciziefinald crau acciacare fusescr',I in tabJra opoz , i t i c ic u c c v A v r c n t c i n a i n t c .

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Dacri antrrrritiiirctori i-au determinat pe oameni sd se rdzgindeascd o clatii,poate ci au contribuit pi la alte schinrb{ri ulterioare. Exact a$as-il pi intirlplat. AlegAtoriicare gi-auschimbat o datd inten;iile clc vot au first susccptil)ili de a se rrlzgindi din nou in orice monl"nr. in ansanrblu, 59Vo clintre schimbdrile decise de aleg'trtori rlc-a lrrngrtlinrrcgii campanii au fost intreprinsede doar 38Voclintre alcgr'rtrrrii ntotrili (care, la rlndul lor, au reprezerltat doar l9Vo din ll cc(orrtului). c unci scriidc scltima r r s i r r r r l r lc rr A c e a s t {c o n c e r t t r a ra poate grup fi ilustratil gi intr-un alt relativ mic briri nrrrltiplc intr-un nrocl. I)cntru ficcare interviu, putem clasifica alegdtorii in dourl grrrprrri: accilr c:arcau rccttrs la o scltintbirrcde orice tip, intr-tttr anunrit rnonrcnt, pi acciit care ntl att fdcut<r. Aleg:Itorii cilrc s-iltl rilz.girrdito tlrrtrlarr {irst de trei ori mai dispui;i clc a-gi schirnba tlirr ctr cci carc ntt o n o r r i n t c n ; i i l c l a r r r r r r d t o r uiln t c r v i u , c o n r p a r a t i v ftrcuscrtidcloc. Accastii nrobilitatc reprezintil nltmai tl exterrsie a inflLterrgci i r r t c r c s e l e rp i p r e s i u n i l o rc o n f l i c t u a l e .O a m e n i i c : l r o r al i s - a p r i r u t dilicil sI distingrlirrtrc calit{lile celor doua partide i;i carc, ?n acelaq;i t i n r p , n u a u f o s t s u f i c i e n td e i n t e r e s a [ id e a l e g e r ic a s { a j r t n g dI a o a r r { o s t m a i s u p u g ic u r e n l i l o r d e i n f l u c n l : l a i c a m p a n i e i p i , deciz,ic i r r c o n s e c i r r t i ir.n a i i n s t a b i l i .

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l ivoltrf irr rrlcgritodlor rrrobili 'lir1i a c c 5 t i rrtt ul u r l to r l c c i z . i lc l n r r l iiln t r c l u n i l c i r t n i cs i r r o i c n r l r r i c [ .) r r r , irr accstcfron'rcntc rli{'critc, inflrrcntclc arr tirst rlifcritc. l)rirrra inllusi c n [ i i i t s t l l ) r ic tlcctorrttttltt rit r o b i li n i t r r s a n r b lx t ts r r r y c l ] i itr r l u r x ti t t n i c , (lill o tlrttit ctt crrlritlllrrcr l irr r r r r l c i l.{ c g r c r c t r s i r u t i r l c c s t oc rvcnin)crrtc r r r tl i ) s tc x t r c n r t l c l i r v r l r a l r i lr r i l z . l r o i tc t lu r ( ) l ) c : l n cl c r r r r r c r r r l i l o | )ri.r r t r c c c i c a r c ; i - a r tt l c c i sv o t u l i r r l t r n ui r r r r r cr,l r u i i t r c i n r i a u l i i c u t - ol ) c l l t r u dcrrt<rcragi, in llrinrul rind <lirtoritii [aptulLri cii o crizd curopcanli rrec c s i t r tn r c r r t i n c r c llra l ) u t c r c i r t n r c i g r r v c r n : i rc ixl)crintcntate. A p o i i r r rr l r n r a tc o r l v c n g i i l ci,a r c l c c t o r i ic u r cs - i l ul r o t i r r i tr l c l l r r i t i v vt(r) t u l i n s p c c i a l: r c c s t o r i n i t r l i c ; i r t t t g t r sitg i c l a t o r c l t z . cvcnirrrcrrtc. A l c g l i t o r i i c l r c s - i l u l r o t r i r i t t l t r p r i( ) o r r v c r r l i i r l{cprtblicutrir au lirst jonvcntia ( ittru.si itt nrasri tlc \\rillkic, irt vrcrnc ce oan)cniidcci;i dupii I ) c r r r o c r a t ls i -arr i r l p i i r ; i t n r r i c c h i l i l l r a ti n t r c c c l c d o u i r p a r t i t l c ,t l c ; ; i i - a t t p r c [ c r a t t o t ] ) c r c p t r l l l i c a n i .A g a d a r ,p c r i o l r t l ac o n g r c s c l o ri - a r r j t t t ap t c rcptrlrlic:tn i, l) c r l c o l l r r r t cr,c p r r l l l i c r r r iri t irt i r t u to c o n v c n l i c sl)cctaculoirsri, irr curc \\/illkic. slall srrstinutpinil irtrrnci. s-il rcnt'.lrcilt p r i r r t r - t r nc l i s c r r r s l j n a l c l o c v e n t ,i n t i m p c c d c m o c r a t i i a u t i n u t u n l ii c()trKrcs c o n s i t l c r a t< l c t o l r t i i l t u r r c a o a d t r n a r c l ) r o s t ( ) r g a l t i z l r t ; r i.stirrs c la la;il tlc cvcrrirrrcntclc i r n r c r i c r n cl ) r c c c 1>lir:ticoas i r c : i - 1d t l c t t t c s i 0 t t t 0 l o g cr l O i r r t r tc a n t l i d i r t l l r i r t r l c c c rtl : i la t l c s c r r r r r i t r l)clltrtl trn al trcilcanltntlat. ilr c,lnsccirrl:a 1l , c g i i t o r iliu f i l s t s c d r t 5 < i l cc < , r n g r c s t t l r c l r t r l r l i c a n i k rs r i r l c c r t n r l i t l l t u ll < r ri.r r < l c t r i n ' i c n t u(ll c n r o c n l t i l o r . l n l i r r i r l .t l i r r t r c t ( ) t i o r u t r c n i ic i r r ca u t r c c u t l a u : r a l t l l a r t i d s i r r r tlolrrart prirrisiu t l . ru n u n r i t l ) a r t i d ,n i c i n r i i c r r u n u l n u a i n v < r c l tf i c p l r t t t i r r r r r al ) r r r t i ( l u l u ii r r c ' . r t r z . i{il,c c ' . r r r t l i r l a t u l cntnl postul rlc l) v i c c p r c s c t l i r ) r c i r r n o t i v u l s c l r i r r r l r i i rA iil . t r c i l c i rr r r r i n c l i$ rt i candid a l i i i r r g i y li . r [ ) r c 5 c d i n t " a u l i r s t . . t c r n c l c "c i r r ct u c o n s t i t u i tn t o t i ic vclc scltinrlririi. i r r t i r r r l l r r lt r l t i n t c l o rs i i p t i n r i n i c l c c a r n p u r r i c nu iru llvut l()c c v c r r i r r r c n t cc o n r p i r n r l l i l c r ; a i n l l r r c n t i l< : t r irrliingc:rclr l i r r r n t c i; i c r r c o r r v cn t i i l o r l ) t r t i d c l () r . i r r t i n rp rrl r r c c s t cp i .c r i o a t l ct i r z i i . c c l c r l o r r r l tlcjir,irr l)1rlrc. cuantlulul \'otrlrilor.Si-r nc intorrrl)ilrti(lc i5i rtlor:ltscrii ( ' i l r c c c n l a c l l n l l r tl l r o c c s c l c i r u u f c c t i r t l i s t r i l l n l i rn rccsl()ra.
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Nivelul interesului Mare ... Mai

s t a t l i t r ,d a r r c l r r t i i c r s r c c i r c u l a r : iA . t e n t i as p . r i t r id u c c l a o c x [ ) u n c r e n ) a i i n t c n s i i ,c a r c s r i r r ) c p r cg i r n i r in r u l t i r r t c r c s r r;l i a t c n g i al i d u c c l r to c x p t r r r c r c i i a s i rr n l r it l c l l a r t c . ; ; i r r r i r i n t c r r s l5 .\. tlltn/it r,.r/t' .rr'/tt/it,rj: l)c rrrilsrrrii cc irrtcrcsrrl crci;tc ;i irlcglitrrrrrle<rngricili/.c',r 2s \tiii;rrrarca c/l,c v c n i n r c n t c l o r .i n c c P s i i i n t r c i n jrc prctlisPoz-itiill cL r i .I ) i n g a n r al a r g r ia p r o p a g i l n ( l c i tlisP.nibilc, sii sclccLcz.c. cl irtcc:1lc Va prc[cra trrrclc llrogrirnrcaltorrr; \ril n)crgc l r t t l t t c l ci r r t r r r r r i n r ir l t it l c g r r t l l i ril c c i t l r rr r l t c l cv ; i ri r r t c l c g c rrrr rrrurnrit I t t c r r t l i t r t r - t t tttl i s c t t r isn t l c t l i r r r c r r t t irltrria t, l i r r t r - u rrrr l tt l i s c t r r s . A s t { t l , i r t c t r t i r ll r r i s c l c c t i v { c o n s o l i t l c r r z ip rr c d i s p o z i g i i l cc L r c a r e i n t r i i i n c a r r r p i r n i ci.n a c c s t s t a t l i r r , initirrtiva i i l r p a r t i n ca p r o a p ci n ( : i r r c i t r t r c g i r t i cr r l c g r i t o r r r l r r i l ) r o s l ) c c t c r l ztlc i r c l ) u i .; i n r r a c c l r l r c l r r c l r t c P r r P u ; , , r t r r rIlr f r c r r t r l c r r r r j l . r r c c lP c r r l l l i c i t r r rP rr lr . l ic c u s ci r r j . r : , i i r r t l i v i t l r r l rc a t c n l i r rs c l c c t i v ra ri s t c c c a c a r c - it l c t c r r n i n i a t lcgcrilc2. 4.l'oluih, .reoisla/irertz.ri: in firral, au icsir lrr lLrnrinii dcstule dircctiitlc girrrdirc s i r us c r ) r i n r c n t c l i r t c n t c ; i s r r f i r : i c n tic lrgluncr'rtc rltliorr:rlc i r r rl i r s rl ) r c l l r i l l cr l i r rc : r r r r p r r n i lc ) c n t r ul l s c l . l u n g c l i ro d c c i z.ic.Lirtcrrlclc tru rlcvcrrit rrrrrnif'cstc r l i s p a r c ;l l c g i i n;c s i g r r r a n t a torul cstc grrtir sii-;i tlcirvrltrrl.

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i l l n l i r t : t : r1 i i s:itrtL I t t i c c o t r 6 t t t i t :l.i i t t t l c : i n c c a r c i ls { t r u s e a n t e s t c c c cu taxc. An ritit rlisrur.rtrih'politirt'nlr /ui Wil/l'irin rrc ir)r1r<rvrirc/-c C/rt'r/a ur/ Pln i tt Denhr." I J n a l t n t o c l d c a u r m . . i r ir o l r t l a c t i v l i r i ic s t c t l c i t v c t l c l t c t t r t t i n r l t l a c r i l l n a r g l t n r e n t c l i { ' c r i t cf t r r t t r e ,l ) c l t t r t l s t l l r i c c t i t l e l l r r l v c r r i \ \ i i l l l i , i cc r r r cr r v o r r t l r i l c Iricrrtit l l i l ' c l i t r , L I n t r lr l i r r t r cs l o g a n t r r i l l l lriiirrtrtlrs t ir r r r r c 1l c l l r r Il t t t r c r i c i t tl t c c l <r r r cs : l ) l n l c : rr : i lc l r c p r c z , i n t 'i.c ll t o t l t t li t t t r c i t : i t i r t ci l t r s t t c i t z l t c i t r c e a j t t t r sr l c l l a r t c . [ . J r m i t t t a r c l c c a r c i n r i r g i n c al u i W i l l k i e r e p r e z c n t ap r i n c i p i i d i f c r i t c . i n l i r n c l i c < l c p c r s p c c t i v l to a n t c n i l o r : ,llni.rtrtrfr'rrtttiarin.tkiril,pru.tiotnt'.,,lt]stc nzr rh afarrri, ('ccil cc \:11 s t c ( l ( ) i l rp t r l i t . i c i i r t r l i , r x r s c v c :c lt l l r t r r ct l i n t r o r l l l l t i t l t ) c l t 1 t cl t i c i r l a r c . tttrttt,lrtt.."' i ) c t l t r l tt r t t a l t r c i l c r r n t r l l $v o t i l 1 - r t 5 i ,o r i c t t r n , cr i t t t c l t l ;lluzimttt .eriftt(, {otner. ,,ll/illl'ie lirtt ru oancnii rttnirtili [...l. Arrr citit cunr a fbst ;i cl un biet copil la o t'crntil i ; i n t l r t t t t c i tc L t7 5 t l c g i t ' r t n ri - i t s t t s l i t r t tp t c s i i r i t c iA . rrjttns c c r ) ti l ) c z i c r v r i c a r llrclctlirltc[c r r r r c ir r x t r ic o t t t p i t n iri l o a rI r t t t t t c i l t t l i t rg r c t l . .' t ' [ ir,slririlti,lttoprielari rlefenuri:,,Stttrtitrtllrttriva c:clttitlc-:rl l''ctncie tre ilca rnanclat;i, tlc cincl anr citit dcsprc vilgir Itri Willkic in I'-rrrttr Attr a;tclltltt allll)(:lccol).lountrt/,sunt (lcstll rlc ltor'iritri sd-lvotcz.. ll ttttrtr(itol v c n l i i i l l i l i l r t c :s r ln r r il r o t l r i l s c S . r t n t f t x r r t ci r r t l l r c : s i o t t r t l c cilrc sl)unc crrrrr\\/illkic rt porttit crt llitirttslirrtc din l'rtrttt .lourLta/,irt x c f r t l r u f c m r r i t t v l t l o a r c( l c U U( X ) 0t l c t l o l l r r i . " 5i rtcrtrn p o r t t cl r i ttnor lrstftl clcslcrc()liptrri S c p r t r cc r l f t t r r c t i :s t o c i a l ra rt ci sttlrict:tivc sclccliciittlcrittrtrs in i ltrtttitta r r r : r ib i n c i t t t c l c : t s r T t ra r g t t t r t c t ra i i t A v c r t( r l l a t i i r r t r i t it t t t t l t t l c i t n r l l a t r i cv i r r l ' l t t c r t t c l o tI. . s l t ( ( i c :c sr r c i t v i r l l u t c a f i i r ) t c r l ) r c t aitr r r t t l t ir n t t l t c l c ' l l t r i .| ) i t t a c c l t s l r l irnuginca ttntti()nl cilrc it portrittlc i<ls t r i a r c r r p i ti t r v i l r t r il l r x t t c l i d i r r t r ct t r r n i i t o u r c ltcr c i c l c r n c t t t c :t t r . t t t r t : t t i i oricarc a < l r r is n Priur-Plau li coltvitr;i c:i vlt lltrrtt srirrrci pot t:rcrlc cii trtt-i va ttitit, cci ltogrrti1'rot pot li rrtritsi tt lc Irriiloc t l c g r i l l i n t c l c s c l r rl o r i i r ra l c g l i t o r itil i r rc l r r s r : t t r t tr t t i t t l c t l c i n r p l i c r r l i i l cr r r t r n t : iiit s i d t t cq ; il l c c l r i l r z t t i t t t c it.: i t r cs i l rl t l r i t l c o l o g i c . S c l ) o i l t cv r l r b it l c s t c r c r o t i l r ti t t i n r l x ) r t a n t cq i i n l l r o P r , t l r t t l ) r c al ) i l l c s t r u c t r l r a t cp i t l c s t c r c o t i l l t r r n i c s t r u t ' t l r r i l t cI.) r i r t t c l cs

( i i t c v r r i l r r s L r . r i rrir l c a c t i v r i r . i i irtrcgul I)roccs c l ca c t i v a r c c s t c t l c s r r rc r l cc . n r p l c x , s i s u l r i c c t i in . s t r r n u a u l ) l i n r ts r if r c c o r r 5 t i c r rttlic c l . l T r r r l i t o n ro l l z c s t c r r nc r c r n P l r r ( i P i c .l r r l r t r l i r ri t t t c r v i r r r i l t ( i,l l r c ct o r t s t r c i r r r r t( i 'l r n ns - l ri r . j r t l s l r rc x p r i n l r r r c . rP r c r l i s P o z i t i i l o P r o l i t i c c . I i s t c v o r l r r rr l c s l l r c u r ] l ) r ( ) t c s t a n t , prollrictar rlc nragrrz,in c.u l r r r r i v c l s o c i ' - c c o r r o r n i c cjc tip ll sr l o c i l i n r l i r r t r - o z . o r l i r r r r a l i i .i r r l r r r r i i r l t : t ; i r r r r 1 l r r r r, ic . ,i, ,r - , , llrinrclc l ) l r t u t l l ( , t l i l i l l s u l ) r i rn i c i t r n r r i c i r n t l i r l l t . . s c g i i r r d c ac d l { o < l s c v c l t l i r s c s c r r n l x r n P r c ; ; c d i n t c ,t i i c t r s cr n r r r t c r c f ' r r n c i r n l l ' r t a n t c ai , . n c - l l ' c r i t r j c r c v o l t r l i i ri l r t c r n r i , c i l r c s c s l ) u r r c l r : r Ia r r r c n i r r t itia r a , , . l r l i r r n i r ir r l l r r r r ic rt r i , , < l i r c i i :lri r : r l r c t i n r l l r r r i\,v i l l k i c a r l i l r u n , , .[ ) a r s u P r c d i s l l o z i t i l r r c l l u b l i c a r r rli- a i n r p i n si n r r r o dn r r t r r r ac l r i t r c[ ) r o l ) a g r r r r t l : lru v o r i r l r i l rIi ) a r t i t l t r l r r li { c p r r b l i c r r n . p i n r i i r r l r r n r rs c l ) t c l u rsi, [.rric. l c c t l r r i rc ( ) r ) s c c v c | r tiirl r r r r r rz i i i r rc i r r r : - s l rrstirrcu pc \\rillliic l-ir r t l i r r i r rc t r r c c i l r r l gu i r c r r l l r i i r i g r r r p t r l r rs i r i us r c i i r l :, , A c t , t ra , i /ll,i//t.irJ a ic-sit h turtftri ,ri a .r1tt.r ptn/nr n, /uplri - ulliirarca estc lrrcrul ccl rnai i r r ) l x ) r t a n-t' r r r rg i i . t l c s c s i i - lv . t c z 1 l cc l [ . . . 1 .i . r i p l i r c c ; ; il l r . g r a r r r r l

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l'1ira/ * inrrttirr / l.t I sale, argttltrctttclc tlc ilttirirc. scntrrul intrclriirii justctelt cleciz.iei A l stc rtsillttrrtt . l c g i l t r l r t tc v r l r s t r t r r r ia s t l ' c lt l c t e n d i n ; e d c v i a t r i o n i s t c c i l p i a l l i o a r t t c t t is t t t t t t l c ' . t c t l r t l cil arc drclttatc Si isc rcatttintcAte gi mai alesin nlonletltclc de itrtloialir, crr cl, lrrcnr clrc int<ltdcattna, argtlnlclltc [unc, propail Iini;tcatc. Pc sctlrt,atttncicdnd furnizraz-{ i i o { L r i i i t r a c c l a g it i n l l r g i r n d r rP o l i t i c l i n r n c r l i i l c d e c o m r r n i c a r e ( r [ ) ( i lt l c j r r . A s t l L ' lr l t : s r t t i s i l C a r c t i i n t c g r n r cc c l t t i o r i c n t i t r c ,r : o t t f r r r5 irritirrl:t. lcciz.ir l i n i c " , i t r t i r i r t < l t r - ltc t r r c t i it i n t l s r I - il i r r I l ) c o i t m c t r i, , 1 ) c dc cxptto p i n i c i p o l i t i c ec l c p i r r c l c stallilitatea i , ' , t r - , ,, r . , " t " m i i s t l r i i , ncrca la corlrtuticiirilede intdrire.

lrr tri.crc,l)irrli r)u lliri rrilr)in rlccit cci cu c()nvingcri cxtrclrr tlc lcrrrrc. S t r r r t l, l r . l r i r l r i l r c l i r t i v l r c c i r r c i r r cs i i - $ lr) ( ) a t .n , Prrtirri rl c , l t n l c ctt tcnaci(rrtc v c t l c r i l c l l o l i t i c ci r r [ r t r rr r n r r il l r r x c ( ) n t i n r - r cu lcargrrn ) c n t c o s t i l c . i \ l l r j o r i t a t c ao u r n c r r i l r l v r or - pi urr ncv'ic - sii li sc s P r r r r ic i r i a r rr l r c P t i r t c ; i s r i f i c s i g r r r i c.lpi nlli oanrerrs i t r n tc l c a c o r r l c t r c i . I ) c r t c c c r ll,l r r r t i r l c l c i ; i ; u r tt l i v c r s iift : ap r o p i r g : r n r p l rrrr l r i r ic r r o r r . , r r j r i: o n s i t l c r a l r i t L li c r i s c5 i r r i c i o r l i r t : li i r r < p r o l l r i ci r r i r i r r t i y r j. ip c c c l l c c l r r i v c s t cr r t r r r r l i r rr rllc i r l c g r i t o r i , o canrllirrric a r c r c z r r l t a t cr r u a t i t i n c i l t i g a r c i rl r n r r rr l r i u r l c r c r r t r i ,' i i ri . r r P r c v c r r i r cr ar n . r p i c r l c r i tlirr rinrlrrl alcgiirorilor c l c j ar l c r : i i ; i . A c ' l ' r r r r t l c c x i s t i i . c ' r r t P c t i l i ci r r t r c l x r r t i r l c- i r r ; l o a l l ) s - i l i r r t i r r r l l l i r ri n r o a t r t a n r $ i , r l c c i , p i i r r c l i s t r i c r u [ l , , r i ci n 1 9 4 0 - . l o i i r l r t i p i l c f i r t r it l c P a r t i ds t l t l t c x l ) t r s cc o l l s t a f r p t cricolrrlrrirlc crlr<lz.ir1.rc. I ) r o l l r r g a l r c lr a r n u i p a r t i r l , [ e r i i u n a r s c n a ld c a r g u r r r c r r t c lloliticc c i r r c s c n ' c s c l a i n l i i t t r r a r c ac l t r b i i l o rp a r t i z a n i l o r l a c 0 r r r b a t e r c a ;;i lrrgrrrncntcl0 0rP o z i t i c ic i r r c; r rP r r t c rs .) cc ; s c l l r t ,i r r c rr i - i r r l ) t r c r r t c z I r r r c r r i r c rs r r i a s i g r r r cs . r is o l i t l i l l c c ,s i i s t a l r i l i z . c zi.rc rtcntirt dc vot 5i sii . t r i r t l u c r il r r r a l r n c r . r tic n t r - r r n \ ' o t r c a l . [ l n l l L r xc " t i n r r r r t l c a r g u n ) c n t c l ) a r t i : / , i r nic i pcrrnitc irlcgi'rtoruhs r id i r r t c r p r c t c z c i n t r - t t l r r r r o r l< l i f ' c r ic t v c r r i r r r c r r t c lr cr c f i r v o r a b i lfe i c ( ) n t r i r r l r g r r r n c n t ca lc s,t f c l i t t c i i tl r r : c s t c s l rr i r r u - i l ) r ( ) \ / ( l : r c ( )cs t r r r c r r r r . o t r l i r r t l r l lrillc ; ri r r r l c c i z . i c s i r t rr l c i r r . . n s c c v c r r t r i[.) t : r r r f i p r r t r r tl i l l i l r l i i .r c P r r l r l i c i r nri:i r r r c r l c r r r r r . j itrltc i P . z . i t i rlrr r i \ \ ' i l l k i c i r r r l r r r r r c r r i s rr cl n ' i c i i l o r prrlrlit:c urr : t v t r t I r r t l i s P r z i t i c i t l t ' c r r . i i c N l ) c r i c n t rl lr r i i r r l r l i r c c r li - r r r llcc trlr arlrrrirristrirt r ri l r r r r r l c c i t l { o o s c v c l t . ' l ' oa ro ru t s t t i . lr , l c r r r o c r a lc i ia r c irrll trclrrrir s r il i c r r c l i r r i p t i r tr lc ccl rlc-ll trcilcrr n r : r r r r l art c , l)rcz,cntirrrlo rrrlltrrrr ciu t n r d i t i : u r rrrc:rit:arr l ,rjrr r s t i f i c r t -r ir l r r i r rr c l c r i r c r lrr r c x l ) c n c r ) t aP r c ; c r l i r r t c l t ri ir r a t a c c r i l c c x t c n r c ,i n r l i s l r e r r s u l r i ln i it r - r r p a s c n r c n c l lr n o n r c l ' l td c c r i z i i n r o n d i a l d ( . D c f a P t ,a c c s tu l t i r n a r g r r t ' n c n t a J o - r /r i i s P r r n s r r I la 1 r r ' b l c n u rt l c r a r r j i r r r ta r i c . c l t r ir l c - i r lt r c i l c a rrrarrrla t l ) c n t r u r u r r l t it l c r r r o c r r tltrir i l r i i . ) Argrrrrrclrtclc rr'i trircitcrirrcir c c k l r v c c h i i l r n r r n r c l cr : a n r l i r l i r t r r l r r i r l c si i r l r r r r r r rs c n t i r r r c r rct l cc o l r f < r r atl c g l i t o r r r l rlr li rrrtizan;ii irrtiircsc tlccizitd r c v o t . l ) r r c rv i i r f l t c r r t r rs t i i s o v i i i cs a u s i i l r r r r r isi r r l r

P zu-tizan attrl, cxprrnerea partizand, ilr ttiri rc rr pilrtiztur ilttrl t li in anul 1940, propagandade partid in disrricr'l Iirie a f.st cunrva dczcc[ilillratl. I]xista mult mai nrttlt nratcrialreprtblicln (vcz.i O a p i t p l r r lX l l l l , d c l i c r a d e s t u I c l c t t 5 6 rs i l c i t c ; t i s a t t s i i a s t ' t r l l i$ i p a r t i z a n ia r l l l i r s t p a r r c a d c n t o c r a t d .l ) l c i i c x p r r n c r c aa l c g i l t o r i l o r p o l i t i c ec l i s p o n i b i l ce , i ar fi rlat pe nrdsura d i s t r i b u g i ec i omuniciirilor ce-i priycrr rttai ltlcsin ccc,a t6t titrtpul l)cste pledoariilc <.l1l9zantilpr, itrltitrtc dc irttiirirc ar ti fdctrt lJll 1)as 1lc tlcnrocntgi.Astfcl, pro<:csttl diltrlrt. ;i trnuI inrtlloi, iar cfcctul sdtl ar fi f<rst n t e a l t l t e s t c l ) r o l x ) r [ i o t t a lt a [ ) c s i g r r ri n s i l c r lc x l ) t . t t ) c r cr i; i t tc r t t l itD . i s t r i l l l g i r rl o r p l u . sp r c t l i s p o z . i t i i l c t i r t c l rc l c r n l t c r i a l c c l i s p < t n i b i l c ii coldttt: pc oalllclll dctcrtninil cxl)tlncrcil iar llrcdislxrz.i;iilc c ltr l carc 0tt afinitIli 5i citrc lc stts(irr c<lttttttticllril< sprc sclcctitrclt clct:iit dcrtrocrlti l-attitsi. 4.rn i rulgircpublicitrti p o z i t i a u r r r c r i o u r rN t a t l a s c t t l t a tn r a i n r u l g id c t n o c u l t a t p e W i l l l i i e , i a r p e l l o < - r s c v el clc campaniecrati decat republicani.tlniversul comtttticiirilor { e i ; t i r i ,e c l i t o r i r t l c , br,rlctirrc d i s c u r s u r i l l o l i t i c e , r c l a t d r ic l i t t z . i a r c , t l l t t l r o r . I ) i r r e x l l t t r t e r c lltr a r t i c o l c d i n r c v i s t c- c r a d c s c l t i s ,l ) r i l c t i c , iar aceastaa dus la cl'cctrrl de intiirirc'l frrst in rrtod clar parti/.anli, din alcgritoriitlc,cili in litrortrcitt.ttrtti trcinri in n't.r", cattt dottri p a r t i c l - o a r n c r t i i c i l r c i l r l f t l s t i n c i d i r r h r n r r r t l r r i5 i p i r l i i i n z i t t r t

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a l c g c r i l o rt i c r c y l r r b l i c ; u r, il , c t l c n r . c r a I i - a u r r r r r r i i r i lt) r o l ) l r g r l n ( l i r t u l r c r c il ) c c i r r c< ll l c s c s c r i ll r r a ir r r t r l tr l c c i t 1 l cc c i r i r r r P , r z i g i c i(, , ju r rrr o c i n c i n r c r l i r r t r cc i s - a i n t i i r r r p l a r s i l u r r r r l i r c i r s crir i r a it i c c v c r r t c c a l a l t r it u l r i l r i i , i r r rr c s t r r la r r l i r s r n c u t r i c l r c x l ) u n c r c ( v c z i l . ' i g r r r r3 r0 ) . 'lirtrr;i -;;i irccstrr c.stcur) lucrrr inrPortilnt-, cr-lclit o pcrsoaniiavcrr r l o l l l i t t l t c I l l i t i p t t t c r t t i e t lc ,rtrttirt s c t l o v c t l c i rr r r r r li l r c t l i s p l s l l i z . g l L i r i i rlc Prrnctclc . \ l c 1 , , i i t r rrr.i:i r l l 1 l yti . frrlrt tlc vcrlcrc()l)uscr ,r ri r r t c r c s s l r r r r i t1 i l i l t r t c P r c o c u l l i r l t c t r l r t l i t l i r t t r l rlro i r i n r l \ t s Lt t r a i i lc irlcgcrca l ) a r t i z a n i r r c x l r r r n c r cd c c i t c ; r l l t i v i ic t r r r u n r i r i r n i c i n t c r c s $ i c u o ( ) a s t f c lr l c c x l t r r n c r c rnaircrlrrsr. l)rcocul)rlrc l ) a r t i z a n ip i o a t es c r v i t t t t r r r aiir r t t r i r i i r r t i t r r r l i n i l o rr n t c r i o i r r cI . ) c s c r r r t ,c c i n u r i c o r r v i n . s i t < l c g l l ii r i u r r u i l ) i l r t i ( ls c l l r o t c j c r r z :tr l c c x l l c r i c r r l r rr r c l l l l l t : r r t r c l l)r(:z c n t x t : it l c : r r g t r r r r c r r t co lc llozigici, rrcortlinrlrr-lc l t c n l i c . irr llugirll schirnb, ci sc indrcal)tai sl)rc acca l)ropaganclii carc reafirrnrivaliclit a t c a ; ; ii n g c l e P c i u n c a r l c c i z i c i l < l ri r r i t i a l c , c a r c c s t c , a s t f c l ,i n t i i r i t l i . I J r r at l i r r t r cl l r c n r i s c l c r r r r r rs i i s t c r nr l c r r r o c r a t ilc r i l x r r t i tc s t c i r c c c u c l l i t r cl < l c o i t t t c r a c l i t t t t c 0 r r r r r n i c u l i o r r lc r0 l in l s i r l c r i r l r i li in i trcsrrsgirrrlr o r i i t a l l c r c l o r o l ) u s c . l ) r o t r c l ci n t l i c d l a l l t L r lc r o a s t f ' c lt l c i n t c r a c sc Portc producc in public - in nrctliile tle conrunicarc-. fiirti ;.iurrc l'-igrrra 3o'. ou rir ornrtrtii .stutrttttti irtrnr.rt/i r/t,thgr-i, ru trit ri titrrl .t rl tt r ttti / ut.rrrl rna i t rrt/l 1t/ | lil l:il,t lil | r rtltt.itt / tri /ta t / i r/. tlrrrtslrt r/iagrutttri ii rrftrt'zittlri tutrrni 1tctttt,ia ru it/,tlii
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li{'ectul de intririre a$a cum este descds de subiecfi A l c : ; i r l t o r ili) r l r t i z i l n a i t t n c v o i c c l c t t r o t i v c c i t s i l f i c a s t l ' c l ,i i t r n t a s s o l c n i , i n trlrinclu-lc l i l c a s t l c l l l a r r i z a n i l t u [i.n t r - , , t , a t r r t t n i t nrctlia i arc;i-att lncnlintlt o al)ll, u b i c c g ic l ) l r n c t .i n t i n r p r t l i n t c r v i u r i l c l rs prcfcrintri vot de au fosr intrebagide ce au favorizat,prin alernitii g c r c a l o r , u n a n r r n r i tc a n d i d a t .l i i r s l l u n s u r i l e l o r a u i l u s t r a t ,L l n c o r l , clcctrrltlc irttr\rirc. l ) r i r n c l c s c r ) ) u cc l c i n d o i a l l a s u p r r i n p c l c p c i u n i id c c i z i c i l o r a L t ti)st cor)trxctrratc tlc Propagandapotriviti gi, astfel, a fost stopatil crorlirrca.Dc pitd.j, o tenrirtrcds'itorit'i,derlrocrat'i,cu un venit tedus, a exprts sittragia a rel:rtrrt: nriercuri seara,I{<rcsevelt ,,in tliscurstrlc'le r l i n t i r u p r r lr r r l n r i l r i s t , r r rs l ia cIic .A r n c n g i o r u n i c t tl a i r r r u l t cl r r c r t t r p ( ' r l f cn u l c g t i a n r- d c l l i l d d ,c r l a t r l b s t n r a i l l t r ; i u c f a l i n t c r t t cb i t n c t r r c irr tinrpul guvcrnAriisalcdecdtin cele preccdente.Nu-nri mai anritrtcsc 5i altcle acrrrn, clarru ,etian ui Roo.ra,e/t a avat atdfua ryaliuiri." l;rirza final;I cxprirnil in nrod clar ugurareapi satisfacgiaaccstct s u s t i l ) a l t o r r irn c f i r l av a l i c l i r i i h o t r l r A r ie i i. () intilrirc sinrilarii- dc cealalttrpartc - este cvidcntrl in caz.ul rrrrrri tiniir couris voiajor, cu nivel sclcio-econonlic sctlzut, carc a tinrrt crrWillliic in 1940, i n c a r c f u s e s cu n s u p o r t c r a l in corrdi;iile l r r i [ , r t n r l o n ' i r r 1 9 3 ( rI . ) o z . i 1 ila u i e c o n o r t r i c r lc a k l s c t t f l a i u c o n l l i c t c t t i n r i r g i r r c i lru i t l e s i n c - c l s c c < x ' r s i c l c u ra n mic irrtrcprinz'Jtor.
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tlc ccI clc-tl trcilca martdat,atunci l)l-ltcmaclnritecd ea a excrcititt lor. o i r r f ' l t r c n t i,I, r c u l I " a s t t p r a l)intrc toxte persoanele care s-atr rAzgindit in favoarea lui W i l l t < i c i n c u r s u l c a m p a n i e i ,n u m a i 1 . 5a u i n d e p l i n i t t o a t e a c e s t e d e p o l i t i c i l ed c m o c r a g i l o r . c r i t c r i i c c I i n ( l c a t i t u d i n e ap o z i t i v df a g d | ) i r r tr c c i , r r t t r r r i t ni ( . , l r a l It t n r c n [ i o t t a t c t t t l tc c l t t i d c - a l t r c i l c i tt t t r t t t t l l t t ( l r ( : l l tn r o ti v u l c c l n r i l ii n s c n r n i r ta l d c c i z i c i l o r f i n a l c t l c v o t , a t t l n c i cirrcl au lirst chcstionaIiinlcdiat clulliltlcgcri. I)rrr l)ulrttli$asc dirrtre ci arr irrdicat tcnra celui dc-al treilca ntandat ct unicul ntotiv al schinrb'irii, atuuci clnd au acloptato pozigierepublicanii. Duprt a s e r v i tc a i n f l u c n ; r l critcriilc noastrc, c l c c i ,c c l d c - a l t r c i l ea n r i t n r l a t pentru acc'i;ti cipiva oamctri -carn tVo dc corrvcrtirc trunrai ,,rcall" l o t u r i l o r r e p u b l i c a n c .( $ i , c h i a r g i a g a ,p r o b a b i l c r i c l i n a n s a n r b l r rv de vreme ce cinci dintre nu toti saseau fost convertigi,,prollriu-zigi", Astfcl, ei avcau prcclispozitii lxrlitice mixte, cu tenclin;iirePublicanii. ccltridc-al trcilca ntittrdat c l r i r r ri ; i t : c i L ' / r tl ) c n t n r c a r c a r g u n r c n t t t l n lilst cu arlcvJrat c { i c i c r r ta u f o s t p a r ; i a la c t i v a p;ii d o a r l ) a r [ i x lc o n vcltiti la vorul republican.) a acestuimotiv - singurul caz clar dedus LJncaz clar de eficiengri din cele de nrai sus este reprezentatde un tAmplar catolic, situat n, n r o c lc v i c l c t r tt t r l o t l r c t l r r i v c ls o c i o - e c o l r o t t r iic 1 l c c c l r n r t is c r l z t t t putcrnicc prcclisllozigiidenrocrate. Votasc [)elrtru l{ooscvclt ilt l ( . 1 . 1 2 ;iin 1 9 3 ( r( ; i p c n t r u A l . S u r i t hi n 1 9 2 t J )i,t p r o b a t o t c c c a c c rcirliz.'.isc llooscvclt li inilial intcngionascsi-l votezc din nou - dar estc buturuga dc carc tc irnpicdici". Oirtd, ,,ccl dc-irl trcrlca rrranclitt gi-a i r r c c l c c l i n u rr r r i l , s - ah o t i l r i r p e n t n l r c l l t r b l i c a n ii,n l u n a a u g t t s t , c x l l l i c a t c l c c i z i ai n a c e s t m o d : , , M - a m r d , z g i n d i td i n c a u z a c e l u i de-al treilea mandat. Nu aprob candidoturu lui Roosadt pentnt al trcilea narulal. Vrea sil fie primul dictator din istoria Statelor Unite 1...1. Asn aa fi lnina oari rrinrlaoi uotn utr typrbliut . il vutez pe Willliic, t'lrirrr lucrl v o r b c p t ca t i t a g i l i r c c c l g r i l r r r i r r l c i ll c p r o r n i s i r r n i ginri." gi l)c carc nLI o sri le Astf'cl,in l'nrisrrra in care nrassnrccliaau dus la convertirc, accst I r r t : n rs - a [ ) c t r c c u t p r i n t r - o r c d c f i n i r c a t c m e l o r . i r ' t n . " r t c x c n r p I t t ,

| |rt s t r a r c a c l c c t t r l r r i c l c c o r r v c r t i r c : l c r r r n c e l r r i c l c - a lt r c i l c a r n a r r d u t l ; i c c a r c c a r r l r i r u i cc l c c t o r a l da r c t c r n c l c g i c i c z b a t c r i l ec i n r a j < l r c , r l c s P r cc l r c s c l ) r c s l r l ) u n c c l i s u n t r t r rn r r r n a ic c l c n r a i , , i r . n p o r t a r r t c , . , c i 1 i c c l c r r r i t ic l l t ; i c n t c l ) c n t n l c ( ) n v c r t i r c is ri n r l x r t i z . a n t i lP or urtit l r r l t r il t l v c r s . i r r 1 9 , 1 0l,l r i l r c i P i r l r c o n r r i n r l { u r r r c n t r c l l u l l l i e i l r) rl i ln l i l i l i l r t r c g i i c a n r l t a n i i- a l i r s t i l r < l 1 l o r l x ) r l t cc c r l r D r r i r n P o r t . a l l tt-c t u n i t a t c a r r n u i a l t r c i l c a n r i r n c l a tc . l l i t d c n r u l t a c < l n t r i b u i ta c e a s t t i idcc la convcrtircir oaltrcnilor? I ; i r c p t c ,r l l ) r o r l l ) tc' 1 i r c p r r l r l i c r r na i ir r t l c z i r P r o r r litn l l r i r r c i P i r r o l r l i r r c r i i t t t r t t i i tt lrcilcir rrantlat Posillilitatcit i i, r rr t r a j . l r i t r r t c li c r rrrrtcr:t1.ilo r r t tl i r s t < l c; r c o n l( u i r ( . c a s l i lr).l t r i r t : c s t f l r P t r r t rs P t t t r cn i r r r i c c t t P r i v i r cl : rv i r k r a r c a s ac r la r g u l n c n tc l cc o n v c r t i r c :[.) c n t n r a - i r c l c v a i r r l l t t c n l i rt,r c l r L r i s c l ls t r r l l i l i r r nri l t c c r i t c r i is t r i c t c . . S : ll llcstrprrrrcrn c i i t c r r r ac c l r r i r l c - , r lt r c i l c u l n u n t l l r ti - n r . . f p i utul coni,crtila rrn vot r c P u l r l i c i r ni,n 1 9 4 ( ) n , r r r r r ap i c c c i c a r c :( l ) l - a u v o t a t l ) c l l l o s c v c l t i n 1 9 3 ( ;( , 2 ) r r u a ' c a r r i n t c n ; i ad c a - i v o t a P c r e p u b r i c a n i i nn r a i 1 9 4 0 ( i n a i r r t ec a l { ' r - r s c v c l s r i i f i c d c s e r r r n ac r a n d i c l a rl)i ( 3 ) a u c o n s i c l c r a t c : i l { o o s c v c l t l l r s c s cr r n b r r n p r c ; c c l i n t c .A c c s t c c r i t c r i i i n g u s t c a z l i t ' o r r s i t l c r l l rr il r r i rrrl c r r P l i c r r l l i l i t r r r ci ; r ir,r r c c l r r ltii r r r p ,l l c r r n i to t l c l i l ) r r t d r cP r c c i s r r r r i r r l ) t r c r r ; c,i , r c a l c " c l c c 0 n v c r t i r c c x c r c i t a t c d c r r n i t n t t n r i t a r g r n l ) c r ) tI.) a c i i a j r r n g c n rl r rc o r r c l r r z , c ia ii astfclde orrnrcni ; i - a r r t l r r tv ( ) t i l l r c l ) u l ) l i c a n i l o irn 1 9 4 0p c b a z . a a c e s t c it c m c l c g a t c

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c a i i i n i r l t c l c ,u l ) c l c t c l n c i r s u l ) r a c i i t ( ) r io l i l l ) l c n i is e g i r r t l i s c r i lp r c a s a r r i n i r i l l t c t l c c i r r c l l r s c s c r J p r c r l p r r r g i r lr) r c o c u l ) r l I i : r u cill)iltirt l)lrlin o i r l t r i r r r P o r t r r r r ; : li r ,inrl acccntuatc (lc l)rol)agan(la clcctoralil. A s r f c l , c v ' c r r i r r r c r r r c lp c, l i t i c c i r u l l r i l i r c u S i ts r iz d r t r n c i n c ,P c i c i , 1lc cokr, krillitritilc trrrclilionirlI ca y i ir l c r t r i r n u m i t t l a r t i d .

Ale{ritorii',cc-hilibrrl[i" - l i r a r t c p L l t i l l c '( l c i n s { i i r l i t , i t r t n t r t ic x i s t a tp i c a z t t r id c c o t r v c r t i r e carc iltt sitrtltt crl atrl'cl- in riudrrl cclor foarte intcrcsagidc alcgcri, pi cilre atl inccrcat nlitt ar]lltclc piirli avclu ccva ilnportant cle sllrrs i e z t l l v ci n d o i c l i l c i t t t r - t t t tl ' c l s r t t r r n r r l ts l r u r r r r i p u g i nc o n $ t i e n ts A - $ r ; i n t t r r t l riil e c ; t i i rs - a t tc o t t l i r r t t l : t t . ccptitr a l t r r l ,i r t t i r n P r r lc a r t r l l a n i c iA si r l r r d a r t la l i r l c g , i l t o r u l tlrtir c i t l .r i l [ i o n a l; i t l c t r r o c r a t i c . stcrcrltiPrrlrr prctlislltlzi;ri in ... nrtri nrare l)arte, astt-el<Jcpcrsrxttrcx1's111 c h i a r i n c c n t r t l l s a t ta l l r < l a Ptcl c , , s l a l t c , ,a , c l i c rtli u t l c a i l s r is c s i t u e z c il lirsttlc rtla tlrsot:irtld c c n r n r l s c r r l c iI P I ) . c r r a l t c c r r v i n t c ,P o z . i 1 ila At'c5ti () n . . l t r t r i ln c i t c i i l i l ) i l t c r l u , , 1 l c r r t t i t c " c ( ) l l v c r t i l cr i l t i ( t l l r l l r l . j t t t l c c ltt tllt c i r r c c l t t P r l o t n r c r r i i l i s t a l l i l i s e f tti l c j u a r r r t m i t cc r i t c r i i in ternrcttii c a n c l i d a tp r e z i d e n g i a-l c r i t e r i i f o r m t t l l r c n r r t it l e g r a l x l g r t l l )- ; a t t t tttrit t t t r t l i cccit in cei ai intcrcscltlr i n t c r c s c l o rt ) a r i ( ) n a l d critcriicrilllitl(lc, l l s c l ) u t e a l tl t o t l i r i t l a c l li t t : c s t c c i l ( ( ) l l t ci t c c s t c a n t l c l l o o s c v c l t s i t t tt l c w i l l l i i c ' l ' l i r r t r P l i r r i t ci n t r - o r r L r ir n l r c n t i l s t t f t l (lc u rn ( ) r l ) U t c r n i c e p r e s i t t t t ic o n f l i c t t r i l l ec l t r c t i n c a l l fbst su1.ru5 l o r , ' s l a b e " ) ;i l a g r e a r tp c a t i t u r l i n e ( r c z t t l t a t cd i n p r e d i s p o z i g i i l c sattallrobatto l{Ooscvcl[ tlin anumite motive 9i pc s/ilkic tlin altcle o ltltir' [)csprt: unrri cauditl'.tt,tlcz.itProllirrcl l)ill.tc ir Progrirrrrilhri ciirttiirit'"'p(ttl cI accftta Sc lx)atCsl)11c,itttr-o anUmitli trtiisttrrj, 1i-att l i olricctiv. i t t n t o d r l t l i o n r t1 At'cst I ) c l t i l t l r i ,i a t i \r . l nt i i n r l rc u P r c t l i s l l ( ) z i l itit l o r r c l l t t b l i c i l t r c . t a ftxtrtcolrit;ctivrlc I t l c g r t t o r( v < l t : tl l c t r t r t t p r i n l a r l n r i i ) e v i t l r t t r c plttttt C i l t r ci n t c l v i c \ , 1 l t o r-i: l v c a S t t l d i in r c d i i i i t l l l s t l t t t l tc c r r t l o t t t i t ' la lcl dc p c s t c r i r e d i c ' l i l a c o n s i t l c r r t te x l l c r i c r r l a l i t g t t v c r t r a r c tlc:1t tt allrohrrt. ilnl)ortantii [)cntnt trn ltrcledinte cl qi ccititl afaccrl'i, tlc lttgrtc u u n c l e r c z . c r v ei,n r 0 l i i r i l e ,l t u c r a n i c i l l r e l t i t r t l ' l r c s i r l t l a t si n t c l t n l l r : c l r r i r l c - l t l t r c i l c t t t t t a t r t l l t t1 i t : o n s i t l c r i t< ' I l l o r r s c v c l t i tttclot' it ct P r i v i l t l l rr r t r r i o r i t r l lti c \ \ r i l l l i i c a v c a u l ) ( ) z . t tliti s c n t l l r r l l t o a r llitlc crr i i l l l i i c c r t l c l { o o s c v c l t l t c l t t r u c t l , , s - at l c s c t t r c l t tl i r : t r t c \ \ ' i l l l i i c , d i r r i l u P r c c i a1 i P c l)('lttrll l l r ( ) b l c n t c l c c l a s c it l c u r i j l o c " , A tirst c x c < ' t t t i v c . c ( ) n l l ) c t c l l [ e l c p c r r t r u r c r r $ i ( as i r i r r i r t h c c r i 5 i

W i l l l < i c , c t r r n l r i o r r l r ls i i l ' i r c i k r r 'l-crr*r c c l r r i t l c - a l t r c i l c a n r i r , t l r r ti r f , s t , , f i r c a s c i i "P c n t n r r c p u b l i c a n i . L ) r r rt r r t l r c l i n t r ep r o l r l c m c l cc r r c a r es - ac o n f n r r r t a t Propaganda a f ' s t : . r c c c l t l c a - i c . n v i l l g c l ) c a l c g r l t o r iti l i n 1 l : t t u r i l c socio-ccon<lrrriccinl'crioirrc c i l w i l l k i e c m [ ) r o c u l ) ad t c i n t c r e s c l ck r r . ' f r a d i p i a rcllttblicanri oricnrirtticitrc lfaccri Eicalitateatlc onr dc afaceria lui W i l l k i c a l t a c t i o t ) 1 li t n r p o t r i v a l r r i d i n a c c s rp r t n c t d e v c d c r e . ( i r r t o t r r l ,p c sl o c i ' - c c . r ) . l n i cc c I r n a is c i l z r ra t r re x i s t a tl 4 Prrlicrrr ( ) r u n c n tc i l r c s - i l l l i 0 ( l r c l ) t i t t ' l t r c \ \ / i l l k i c t l i r r r r r 0 t i v cc c o r r 0 r r r i c c . A c c ; t i s r r l r i c c l ia r r r l c v i a t r l c l : r t c r r d i r r t a l o r n a t r r r a l i lf,t r p rc i l r c n e - a r i n d i c a l r r i r ir l c g r a b i ic i i o a m c n i i a t r f r r s r c o n v e r t i t id e c c e i rc e a u c i t i r s a r ru u a r r z i t .I ) r o l l i r g a n d i i ; t i ric P ' r b l i c n n a i u r e u p i ts . i t l c a a r g u n . r e n t r r l r r id c r r r , c r a ; i l o rP . t r i v i t c r i r u i r , , \ \ t i l l k i cr i r r c c r r r n a r i l ca f a c c r i "o i u venit rcdus. E,stc l i r r r r t i ir r r a i 2 r t r i i g r i t o i r l r) cc r ) t r u l r c c l t i ( ) a n l L : nc i . t c r c s a . t c r iu n i i s u b i c c l i i - a u ' r c n t i . n a t P c j r r r n a l i p t i i G c r a r d L. K. s r r r i t l rs a r r ' l ' o r v . s c n cc l a s r r r s ca l c . P i n i i l . r l . r . A c e s t n r o d d c a raIt()t)a i l r c u r r r ) i i t ( ) r utlr a s c U , : , \ \ ' i l l k i c l r P r 0 n r i sl O c r r rri l c n r u n c { , i a r Partitlttl Iil1tult/iran are lnti, rr,ruri tw Ji rapaltii.rd-,ri lirtri prottri,e iuri/e";,,\Villkic va crc$tc salarirlcI)cntru ci,ri el s-a nri.sc.ut.rrirac. Iloo.rruelt.r-n ttri.rctrf ltog,at Si nrr ;;tic cun) e sil fii siirac,,,,,Willkic va rcnurllir la nrrisurilc politicii Nrc Dm/. Itfrxia rle capitalva oya noi lr.,ctrtir/e til ulrri."

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n c l r ( ) t d f i iitn P r i v i n g a v o t u l r r i p i i n di n r r l r i n r c l cz i l c a l ec a r r " r l x r n i g ci i . f i r r i r ls - a . 1 l r i t l r r l { ' ' s c v c l t . A c < : s t i r r . , 1 r u t l c c l a r i r t, : , N , l ud i cgrirllri l l i v o t l t l ) c n t n r c c l c r r c x l l c r i c r r l r il l r r c t i c r lt l c c i t l ) c l l t n t r t r rc r r r r t l i r l ; r r r r c c x p c r i r n c l r t l t .A r n l l i i l l a r s i l c o r r v i l r i : i . r s t r ; l rra r r r o rc l r c s t i r t r r5 i i sii sc.sitrrczc o i r c c c a ; i ,r n r r l i , n c l i n s Ac r c t l c i l s i n g r r r i r 1lc P l a t [ < r r n rc i ir;, rr d i l ' c r c n l rr llirrtrc c i c s ( c c i l r r n u lu r cc x l l c r i c n I i l ,i a r c c l l i l r r lr tr r rW . illhic c t t r r t i l l t l c ; t c P t l ) c z . r ) n ilr r i ,t l i r r n u i r r c< ' r r l i l i c a r cra r c c c s i l r il l) c n t r r l l li prciic:dintc ,: r t i l i i r r d a c t r r i r l s d i ri t r r r r l i c t l i n l l u r . 1 x r .| ) r r c r r tcprrllli-l'aft, canii ar tl <lcscnrnirr un rip ca prollabil cii l-agfi votat. Dar nrr a cxistat nici trn argurnent suficnt du convigiitt)r l)entru a lnii ajrrta sri-rrrifrrrrncz. o opinic. Arn vnrt tloar sil cintilrcsc faPtclc corect piinii la c:rpdr;;s i d f i r r a t c r r tl i r i r r [ r r r r r r a g i in lc oi.,, A l c g r l t ' r i i c r r a c l c v i i r a, t, c c l r i l i l r r a p i , , c c i c r r ' c d c r i l i r r g i ,c a r c inccarcii sinccr sii ciintiircascdprollleurclc i;i 1lc canditlapiin rnocl I t t t : i t l ,p c n r . r r rb i r r c l c i n t r c g i i t i l r i - c x i s t t r r r r a i d c g r a l l i i i n Propagirrrrla c l c c t o r r r Lrir r ( ) l ) i c iiin , nrarrrrrrlct lc l c c t l l r : i r ; i c c i r . ' i c :i r ,r I ' i l r r r c i o l i t i c i .i r r v i i r l r r c l l i l c i s r r r r t 1 i i l t r r r i r t t c ittl r t o ri d c r r l i S t p {ilrrtct)ptir)i.

A m a j u n s , d c c i , l a c o n c l u z i ac { o c a n r p a n i e clectorali - discrrrsrr rile, cveni rncntcle, articolele, dezbaterilo, ansantbltrl rnatcrialclor dc propagandd- are trci tipuri de efecte asupra ii electoratului:ii activeazilpc cei indif'erentri, intdrcptc in hotllrirctr lor 1lc cci l)nrtizani $i ii convcncgte 1rc cci cchilibragi.in contirtuarc, vour aborda intr-un mod mai sistenratic prob l e m a e f e c t u l u i g l o b a la l c a r n p a n i c i .

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s c t l r t , u i l i l i i t ( ) n l l r i t l ) ( ) r itt l i U l ) r a r c l l c c t l i r i ic x n t l ) x n i c ii n p r c s as c r i s l i i r r t l i s t r i t r t l l ' ) r i cp r o l r i r l l icl l i n r r r r rl l l i r r r r r c l i l r rr r r r l i o r l i l c r i t< l r t t .r.r,rr l l l i r s t r c r r l i z i ti t l ) i r l r cr c g i r r l rri r l cl r l r i i . A r r l i r s t r r l c s ct r c i s c c ' c r ) t c ,c l i r rs t a r l i ic r i l c r i t cu l c c r r r r r p r r r r i c i . I ' r i r r r r ri , r r t r c . 5) i l o i u r A u \ t . r rs t r r p r i n s n l ( ) n r c n t ud l c irt'irlrr.r pi r cc c l c c t o r i r l rr i l i r r t r c( l o r r v c n g i rlr) c n r o c n r t : 5 i i tliscrrrstr cl l c r r c c c p t i r r r ct l l r r i \ \ / i l l l i i c ,l l r i n t ' r r r c r r1 i r l c l r r r r l r ctr r r r r P u r r i i r < ;, c lP u g i n Pr.Prirr-z.is li ri. t l o r r rP r crio:rrlr t li i, n l Z l l i n r i i r r l 7 o c t o r r r l r r i c , l ) c n t r u r c P r r b l r c : r rA sttrPrirrtlc r i t r r r L rilr l c r t r r l c a r r r p u r r i c i i r r c c l l r r t r l l u r r i i I i n a l c ,c h i a r la d u P r i t t r r n c r r l u i \ \ ' r l l k i c P r i r rI i s r , 5 i c r i n c i r l c c r r v i z i r ad c l r r c n r io l r i c c t i v c ,,non-Politicia " p r c ; c c l i r r t c l rlr a tlin intlrrstrit al c a p i i r i r r c ( , r : i t z . rc cu ( i i l r c r rl i r r r r t rliscrrrstrlrlc r rA k r . r r 5 i 1 l cc c l r l c l r rl ) r r 1 , r ' r r , i l t ( ) l r i . ) . r \ t r c i i r ; ; iu l t i r n i rl l c r i o i r d i lt,l i r r 2 . 5 . c r . r r r l r r i cp i r r r ii r r . l t r o i c r r r b r i ca , r r c o l l c r i tr r l t i n r c l c a i ec l c n r r r ia c t i v c r r n s l r r c z . c cz c. i l c itlc r:arrrpirnici.

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c o n r u n t l c r l i s c r r t i li ) l r l ) l i c c(. U n c l c [ ) r o l ) c i n s p r i j i n r rx l c c s t u il r l l ) t r lI V . ) sunt l)rczcntatc i r r ( J r r p i t o l tX l)rrrtizirnatrr l . r l i t i ca l l l r c s c i s c : r i s ci,n s p c t l i i n { l r r ' < l l r r c ra cPuP lrlicarrikrr u, l i r s t l i r a r t cr n u l t r l i s c r r t a t i n u l r i n r i ia n i i ; i n t r c s t c , p r i n u r n r a r c ,o n o u t a t c . I ; i l 1 l t u lc i l g i c ( } n g i n r r t rc rn l r i s i r r n i l 0 r a r l i oa a v l l t a c c l r r p( i : a r r r c t ctrr c l l u i c c x p l i c r r tl l r i n r l o i l i r c t o r i .N l r r ii n t i j i . s c l)irrc c . l . i n t l c c t t r s t rs l c e v c r r ; c l otrt : r r r P o r u l c r l c s c ,r c l ) r c l . c l ) t : u r 1 iPtrr ri , l r l i c a r l ir r r tl r c t r c f i c i i td t c l r t u i n r u l t d p u b l i c i t a r cr i r d i o l i r r r i cp dl t i t i t i i (O analiz.li tlccit dcnr<lcrirtii. nrai cxirctiiaratiicri difcrcnta a fost corrs i t l c r r r b in l rainrict in rrltirrrclc c i i t c v as i i p r a n r a n ci l i n a i n t e a l c g c r i l o r , c i r t t l I { r x r s c v c l itt t s t t l i s - r tr t t l r c s urtr i r i i r r n i p i r i r ri r r r c r r r r c r l i r rr rlt l i o t r l u i . ) i r r s l il l r c p ' n t l c r c n l a l ) r c z c n l c ir c l l r r l l l i c u n i l .a r i r r l l r r c n ; a5 ti c u l o a r c a p o l i t i c i i a b u l c t i n c l o r d c p t i r i i n s i n c . L i r r r r r n ar r r r r r c i i.n c o r t t l i t i i l c i r r c i r r cc a r r r P a n i r r c l l L r b l i c a nc i ls t c n r a i a c t i v l i .p i r c a l i z . a t o r i i d c c r n i s i r r n it r c l > u i cs i i v o r l l c r r s c r i in i r im r r l t c l e s p r e discrrrsurile r c P t t l r l i t : l n cI.' , s t cr r t i ls r 'ri l i s t i n g c nirn r r c c o n ; i n r r r r r pl o l i t i <r:l i r c c t ; i t li r c c t ,c ( ) n ) l ) u t c c l r c l l c c t i t ti r r c r r t i s i t t n i(.J o r r l i n r r t td sl i r rr l i s c r r r s r r r r a v c r r ,i r r s c c v c l r f c l c t c r n P r l r a l cl ) c c a r e l c - a n r a n a l i z i r t , l)artizar)c, ttrrrrritoarcaconrltoz.i.tic: 58% rcPublican, Z9o/o dcrr.rocrat Si 13% n c u t n r . i , r . " " a c e p r i v e | t e c 0 n ; i n r r t u l r e f l e c t a t , r e p r e z e n t a tc l e l r u l c t i r r c l ct l c ; t i r i , r l i s t r i b r r r i ia r l i r s t< l r r l l rci u n r r r n n c d z l l : 4 6 / r , rc;tul r l i c r r r r2 , 7 9 1d ' cnxrcr* 5i 27(% n c u r n r . l l r r l c t i r r c l c< l cp t i r i l r r l i r s tr r r a r cclrrlillr:rtc c l c c i t v o r l r i t . r i i a r r g a j r r ll i) c r ) t n l u r ) ] ) i r r t i ( s l i r ua l t u l . Accst lrrPt P,irtc fi ti.<'rrrrrcrrta rt c l L . r i r r < l t r - nlc rr lxrrtizarrattrl p o l i t i c i r l c c l o r t r c i z i a r cc l i nS a n t l r r s k y in irccast< i i : a n r p a n ip cr c z i t l c r r tialrtI . I r r t t l t l i r t t rc l c c r ap t t t c r n i c rcprrblican , l t r r I c r ia rr n n r o t lt r i u l i giorral (;i rrrrri t l c r r r o c r i rita r l r l t r t : i l c i rc r r r t c ( ) r c t . i c l r r r t i r rv c l r c r r r c r r t ) t l c r r r o c r a t ,r l a r i n l i r r r t l l r c r r t r r r .( i r r r t l t r lt l c P l r r t i z . a n i r t . c . re l lor trei z . i r r rr erf i r s t , ( ' f i r b c l r r lV I I I ) . D c s i g u rc r ir o a t cc c l c i r r r r n s a r n b l rd r ,i l - c r i r t r c i z i r r r ca r r r c l i r r u tr r c c l c a : ;c i v c l r i r n c n t c a l c c i r r r P l i r r i ci l r l l c r i o i r dclc rcspcctivc. l)aci ar l'i l.st srrict olricctir.'c i n r c l a t r i r i l cl o r , c i t i t o r i l o r t u i r r r ( ) rc c l r l r t r c i A r l z c t cl:i s - l r rf i o f c r i t i n r n a r e i r c c c a s i irnrtgirrc llsrrl)ra cirrrrl'xrrric ca r t i z . i r n a ni r c r r r r c r r i c lp t r l i t i c .$ i , t o t t r i i i , lx n u s - i r ' i r r t i n r P l r r tr r 5 : r Z . i r r r r r l r c l r r r l r l i c a ra r s c ( ) si n c v i t l e n t i n r r r i

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irtlvcrsrrrilorlrlr ar llrttca fi rcalizate. De fapt, ntl s-au s[)tls prea t cttpritrs lr n r r r l t c . N r r r r r r r il 4 ' / , ; d i n c o t r t i l ) t l t u lt o t a l a l t r r a t c r i a l c l < r fle ncrclcvirlrtc, flc rcl'crillc lir rlcto{c, iar itccsteuittr tqst. itclcsca, ( l r r a f b s t t i r l t r l r t l f i c c a r c u l t c c t t v i n t c , vrrgi. llrca l)tllin disl)tlsisdse irr rliscrrlii despre ntrrt vot fi rcalizateacestc lrrogritmc.in ilrgrr.icz.c ( 5 i r r r a ic l i f i c i l t l c c t l n r ]lllt n)aic0nvcrrirllilc l r r V 0 r r r cc rx r r r l i c i l t . i i I rn i t t r l t ctivct ,lcsigttr. llritrtc r l s t t l ) r rp t r o g n t t t t c l r lirt r s c g i , trrrzis)

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riPrtrirt / l7.l lludioul5iprt.tgina A r r i n r l c p l i n i t c e l c c l o t l i m e < l i i l c c e a g i f u n c t r i cp e n t r t l c e l c d o r : d p;rrtitlcirllirtcirr cor)rl)ctilie? I)c scurt,ctlrc atl ftrst,conlparativ,rtllttl l l r i e ,i t r a r r t t l1 9 4 ( ) ? s ie rt clistrictrr r i l c r : c l o rr l o t r i lr n c d i i t l c c o n r t t t r i c i t r irr,rirrtc tlc a rrlspttncle dircct la accastilintrcbitrc, trcbtrie sei o scurtii l)rccii/,are metodologicd.Srl l)resuptlnem cd le-anr lircc:rrr r ri l i r t d i c cc t t r ci t t t l i ) s t s t t r s c l cc c l c r r l i t ic l ' i c i c c r r :r l i r c t : ts r r l r i c : c l i k s c l c l t r o c c d r t r ic it l c c i z i c il o r t l e v t l t . ( ) a s t l ' c l c n t c i r r i t r l l r r c r r l r t r cc l stc pcLicukrasd. l)ot cvalua subicclii in;igi inflrrcngclccxcrcitatc tlstlpra lor intr-o perioacldtnai nrare de timp? Orice declara;ie in lcgitura de,,tadio" sau de,,ziare" se poate cu irnllrcsiacii au fost,,influengagi" rcf'cri tor atit tlc bine la cartilnteade infornratie citit{ satt ascultatii nrcdiir rcsl)cctiv.O autoevllttitrc cir f i lrr itf /urtt/rtruthl t carralulLti l c l o rc l t c s t i r ) n a ttir t l a r s c r v i ,p r i t r u r n t a r c ,s c t t l > t t l t t i d i r c c t r is o l i c i t i r t ic t)()strtl. L)c accca, an1 pus la punct o nretodil cle investigare care se l>',r't,cit't.ir l)c uilnrltoirrca Presul)unere:cu cit cste mai concretd 9i c x p e r i c t r g e l t lc r are i-lttt r r r i r it l c t r r l i r r t irl c l a t a r c as t t b i c c t u l t t ia s [ l l ) r a cit ca sil fic atet cstc clc vcdcrc, ttrai ctt lnotlil-rcrrt llroltabil l)r.lnctul (bnrcntariile gencralese pot ret-e ri, in ntod erontlt,la canti;i vllidi. urnralrite, tirtcil infornrrrtiikrr ntt ll influen[a accstom.Il.elatrtrile c o r ) c r c t cs i c o n t c x t u a l i z a t e a l e u n o r e x p e r i c n t cs p e c i f i c et i n c l s i i s e dccisivc gi stl clinrinc corrtlx)lix:tlir.cr.c usul)ru cvcnir'r'rcntclor t a o s i t r g t t r iiir t t r c r r c r r t ic t u n t i t r r t i v r lD . c s i g u r i n u n c l ) t l t e u ra l t c l ) t 1c brrrc sri l'urniz.cz.c un adcvilrat indcx al influengclor. I)ar ptttcttr rlc ttrr sct folosi intrcbrlri care ne pcrnrit sil distingcnr intrc rils1'rtttts r r r i l cg c r r c r l l c q ; iv a g i , p e d e o p a r t e ,p i c c l e c o t r c r c t c ,p c d e a l t a . u n u i m e d i u c l ec o n r t t n i c a r e ril inflrtcnp rrtribtritd l ) r r c i lt l c s c o p c r i r rc ce trcccrn de Ia critc constirnt nlen[ionntAmai frccvcnt, Pc mzlstrril atunci plrtenr conclurilsprrnsurigcncrale la r{spunsuri particulare, cr'irrccstrncdiu chiar a exercitat o influengrlprepondcrentd gi z.iorrrr a influentei. c r i : r r na j r r n sr r s t f ' clla o b u n r l u n i t a t e d e m ' J s u r A liokrsirrdrrccstproccdcu gi accastil trnitatecle mlsttri\, carc t fost i n t l t r c r r t rc ro r r r p r r r i t t i v arrla d i o u l u ig i a z i i r r c l o irn c a l n p a n i ad i n 1 9 4 0 ? ( ilrirrr tiv t l r r l l i la l c g c r i ,l l c g i l t o r i l o rl i s - ac c r u t s i l n u n t c a s c i r )e l c t r ( ) s 1c i arc i-atl s r r r s c l ct l c r r n c l c a t t o b t i n u t c c l c n r a i r r t t l t e i r t f < l r n r a t ic

nral lnult (lc xccasrx. virstnicii crc(l ri ci uccst lucru; 1lcdc rrltl p u r t c : .t i r r c : r i i r r r r c r i t ' r r ns i, P r c < l c . s c l r i r cr l c t : c i c r r r ' P c r . r i n . u au o ( ) r r l l c n i l o rl c c s r c r n r r ir r 5 9 r c o n ; t i i n l i i p o l i t i c i ls o l i r l J . silrrlr)lrcascil ci p i l r i t c , c i t l i s p t r n i r r r lc l c r l q f ' c r t i l1 1 1 i i ; t i r i l c , r n i l i a l c s r n r r t c r i r r l c lt divcrsillcatzi clc:citcci dc la 1lrJ.sji,in sfir::ir,rr:rrlrirgii srlrr consrriin$i s ; lr r t ; r l r t o l cr l : r i r r r r r ci r r r l x r r t : r n 1 i l P r i r rt r : r t l i t i c llolitici< i l c r : i ltc r r r c i l c . listc lirttllctlc c J o i t t l t c t t ic i r t r cs c c x l ) r t nc c : lr r r l i r r r r r l c t erlrrrric : l r i ic l c c t . r a l c s u r r tc c i c a r cs - a ud c f i n i t c c i t r c i llctori: intcrcs, Prirr a d r l l t a r c a , n e i d c c i z i i ; i t r i s d t u r i s p e c i f i c ed e p e r s o n a l i t a t e . . r l)ar c c p u t c n r s p u n c d c s l l r ci n r P o r r a n [ a f l e c r i r u if a c t < l irn l l a r t e ? Analiza d i r c c t l l a r a t : I c i r u r r n r r r i r c ag r i r i l o r g r r l i t i c c a l c c i r r n p a n i c ia first tlctcrrninatii l l r P r i r r r r rrli r r t l t l c i r r t c r c s r rlli r l r r l c r r l c g c r i i,r r l r l d o i l c i r rirrd clc a(l()l)tarca r r l r c i c l c c i z i i r r c v ' t i ; i , i r r c c l c c l i r r r r r r r r r lr .lc cducatic,statut ccor1,'ric ai scx; cl'ar irrtr-. nrai micd rrr:isurri dc virrstipi dc rczidcngd. i n c ' n c l r r z i c ,l l o n c l e r c a r c l a t i ' i I a a c c s r ( ) lrr r c r t ( )c rv i i t l c n g i a z ,u ; in l i r P t i l n p . r t i r r r tp r i v i n r .c l xl)uncrcir l u < : o n r r r r r i c r i rP i l'c s i rrc liticc. a n t i n t i r n c r t r a n r c r r i ic u c c l r r l r i n r a r c g r a d c l c i n t c r c s r r r rl i r s t c c i 5i n ) a r s u s c c l ) r i b i l id c a s c d c c i d c d c v r c . r c g i d e a - p i n r e n I i n c h o t i r i i r c a p c t o t [ ) a r c u r s uc l a n r p a r r i c i(.- ] c c ac c d c s c ' p c r i n r u c u r n c s t c c : I . a n r c n i i c i l r c a u c i t i t ; i a t r a s c u l t a tc c l c n r a i n r u l t c m a t c r i a l cr l c carrrpanic i r u f r s t g i c c i n r r r ip u l i n s c n s i l l i l il a , r i c c i c l c cc l r c l c - i r rl i s c l ) i n l l r rV r o t r t l .i r r r r r i l s r r ri a l)tttilt n c r r r cs - i t i r r t c r r l i o n : l cta l ) r ( ) l ) i l gancla e l c c t o r a l ls d r n . c l i f l c ct r a s c r r'lr . r t u r i l o re , s t c c c l l r r a ip r o b a b i l c i l a c c a s r aa a j u n s , d c f a p t , l a c c i n r a i l)rri'srsccpribili clc a sc r l z . g i n c l i ,i a r n r r l r rc c i c a r c c r a r rp a s i b i l ic l c c o n v c r t i r c .

Carc cste c'.urriltrlrnediutio cel rnni inflrrcnt - radioul sau zi.arulp i r r r r l t i n r i ia n i , r a d i . u l s - a a l r r t r r i r z t i a r c l ' r , c r rr - r n rnc<li. clisti'ct rlc conrttnicarc. I ) o a t c c l i r r r rd o i r r s - a , , a l i i t r r r a t " c , i c l r i i r r ,i n r r n r r n r i t c s i t u a g i in , / u r t r/ o r u /r . i l r r c l o r s.c l ) ( x l t cs l ) u n co i r r cc i l r a < l i ' r r l 5 i - a r l j r r d c c a t o l x r r r cr l i r rs f c r l r l c i n t l u c n ; da z . i a r c k rir n p.litica arncricanii?

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I|',u/ioul si pttliiuatilnrint I 175 -,.NI-anr rizglnlit in funcgic1c cc itttrcitit irr /.irtrc."i^ llt.grttrr:rt/i ilrtlicintl a fosr clcscrisiin tcrnretri rotu:tvli, sclrinrbrlrii srrrsrr crrz.trri, motivlll schimlxrrii tlirrl legatc1c rrrr iurttnrit tttcdirt tJc contrtnicirre de ntiercttritn-a convittsc'i ex1'tcl'.1' Ata,ls - .,1I n cditorirrl din.latr/u.e ricnr..rpreleclinrelui in afaccrile externe ne estc indisllensabiLl." ('l'rcltrric srl rrpriltint lirptul c'J,dactlin clpittllrrl llrccctlctrt rre-illlt aici tre tlcttllilttl tlttllr dc tttr sttbCaantirlnUlrli, ()(:rrl)rtt tlc irrrsa||rblttl gnl[) cscntial - oarrreniicare s-au rilz.ginditin tirrtprll t:antllrtrtici.) intre melr[ittnile gencralePi celc collcretc [)acalollertim o distincgie dc vot' ttntlc dcsprc mccliilc care influengeaz{schirnlxtrcadcciziei sc sitrtcazat)arclc, resl)ectivradiorrl? rt fost tlisI)inlI irt ttltinta pcrioatli\ lt camllattici, itr prcsa scrisil p o l i t i c d e c i t l l r r r t l i o 'l ) c l i { i t c t o r r r l lrouibil mult nrli ntrrhntaterial trtttnaiclltre finrrltrlcittrtpitttici accesibilitiitiiestc ditrcil de mtrsttrat, [<ts[cottts-a putttt spltne cri nt'.tterialulllolitic diftrz'atla ra<litla rtitt i n c o t t s i < l c r i 1 l lc p t r r i r l r ic l r r l t i t a t i v c t t c c l t l i l z i r t r c tf.) l t c r il t r : \ 1 1 cl c r t ' l c v r t t t t rill ( ' c s l ( ) t ; l ilt l'tttrt'1it t))ct)titllilc la cclc lrlttil rlrcdi'.1 Iiurhrltri p r i v i n t l n t o t i v c l c s c l r i n r b d r i ii,n c t t r s t t lc c l r l r c k r t t i l t t r l i i t l c : -, lrr cc conclrl/.ic clc carnpanie - cclc mai activc luni clcct0rale [)utcn] ajtrngc? i . l t c r i . a t l , r r c s l t c c t i v t l tr r r 4 i . t r l a f . s t t t l c l t t i . t t a t t t l a t ' t t l t t t dirr rrtai ll'ccvcttt ca sttrsri frccvent ca sursligcrrt:m/i dc inflr-ren1I, ittqri o {ittr\, rolttl nlili ptlterl)ic al rrttliottlttitlcvirrc cvitlcrrt nttt.rt,/ri. collcrctc dc inlltrcrtlil rrtriltrririlor irr crtz.ltl n r c r l i a l l t l c X c r c i t i t tv r c o n c i r r Ct r t a s s a i n c o r r c l t t z i ei,n r r r i l s U r i i l t c l g i e i { c v o t ' . s i t t ta v o t t t l t t i r c : t l . r i t t l i o t l l s - i r ilflucrrgi\ xsl-tpra tlc it dOvcrlit rnrri cficiclrt tlccit z.iarclc.I)i{'crenlclc itrtre tnotlttl slstitre o calrtpattici1 llrcsrl9i, rcspectiv,llrirl intcrnrctlittl r"rtlitltrlrri i. 'rimttl riincl,itl ziarc a'rlrc . tlau, 'r.ltallil, scar'il clc acest ftr1tt. d l e t t r a t e r i i r lx r l i t i c t l c l a i n < : c p t t t r r;li l r i r l r i cl.titatc c6nsiclerrrIili irr tirrlll' 'r.ttril a . r l l a r r i c i ,c u ' . I i . c v r r r i a l i ir r . t r r l r i l c . l a s l . i r i i i t r rc ( : l l r ) lt t l l t p l t t t l a l c l l a r t i { c l 9 r ,a P a s i u n i l e .c a s i d c r r t l t g u r i l cr c c i p r o c e irt trcltii cititoatrat:tivitatca ele in presa scrisil,aU ajuns si-9i 1'riitrdl i l t c r i i r l P c o p e r i o a c l 'iir r t l c l t r r r g r r t a . rului carc cra expus aceluiagm

c o n ( l u s l r rr c s P c t ' t i v rlrr o t i i r i r c d c v o t . A 1 l < llii s - ac c n l t s i i i n t l i c c c i r r c sttrs'J s - r rt l o v c t l i t c e . r r r r i l ii r r r P o r t r r n lI :)ic n t n r c i . l ) c s i r i r r l i o r r5 li z,iitrclc s-rru s i t r r r rc t ill)'r r r c c c i l $ i s u r s c g ( n c r a l c c i r rlc infirrl)c 1>rz.itic n r a r c . r a r J i r l r l a f o s t n r c n t i o n a tc u 5 0 o / o m a i f r e c v e n tc a u n i c i i s r r r s i l d c i n f l u c n g i ic l c n r a r c i n r ; r o r r a n ; c ( l ; g r r r a3 5 ) . J r r n v i t a t e< l i n t r ec e r c r t r c l t l l l l l c t l l i ( ) l l r l tr : r d i r l t r l - a t tc o n s i r l c r r ls t ltrsrt l o r c c i rl n i t i i n r l l o r titrrtd tlc irrfirrrrlrrc ,r v g c 1 1 1 ir t .c c n r r n t r io t r c i r t r cr l i r r r r c <:cc i l r r cl r r nrcnli()rlai t r r i l i a lz . i i r r c l c l c - a r rc o r r s i t l c r i r ltr c P tc c l c r n a i i r n l l o r t a n t c . A s t l - c l ,r l c p l a s i i n d r r - n e c l c l a i n d i c a t i i l cc e l e m a i g e n c r a l c p r i v i n d i t r l l t t c r t t c l cl:a c e l c l r u i s p c c i f i c e , d c s c g l l c r i r l c r i r g l r r lr a r l i r t r r I t r i c s t c r c l i r t i v r r r r r i n f l r r c r r t< l c c i t t : c l i r l z i a r c l o r .A c c l r r i ; it i l r < l c t l i s t i n c r i c l l o u t c l i r r p l i c a tg i a l t r r i s c t t l c r l l t c .

Itudiotrl gi ziarrrl orl surse dc rnotivrrrc a sclrimhrir-ilor I ) c c i t c < , r ir r n s r r l r i c c1 t i-l tlcclrrnrt, irrtcrrlic tlc vrt tlilcriril < l cc c r r n t c r ) t i ( ) r ) i r t irn i i n t c r v i r r l a n t c r i o r ,a l i r s t i n t r c b a t d c s l l r c n r o t i v r i l s c h i r r r l r i i r ii n . r r n c l cc a z r r r is , rrrsa n o i i i n t c n g i i c r ai n t l i c a t i ij n t er n r c n r I"igtrra 35: itttelnti fiirul carc nterliu r/e rontuni.nrc i-a afutat .vi se fiokiru.tai, tlrgilorii uetlitnretu) rclrrliv tpl nrlioul 'l'ottrSi, riul strrtl innelnti r.rttya.ftxt ,,ceanai ,ri ziarr/e. rtttpor'lrtrtlri" .sursi, rudiou/ .se r/clrt,reapirhnSurse .ulile" Sursa ,cea mat impoftanE" Ziare Radio

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C i l n r p a n i r tl a r u r l i o ,1 l ct l c a k r i l ) i r r t c , i r f ( ) s tn l l r l t n ) a i s u l ) c r { l c i a l i in l r r t c r n i r ; ip l i s r r s l i r r t r ta l l r i i rc i i t r c l l n a l . l l r i r r r c l cl i r z . ct,l c v c r r i r r t p i t t a l t k r i l c i t r i i l t r Jc , atttpitttia l r r r u t l i oq l r s t i i i r ) t r - o n l r i s r l r i n l rrrlt n r i r ir r r a r c irr,,cvcrrirt'rcntc" r r t r r tr r r r r r r u g i tr ; r <c l l c i r r t c r c sA . ttttrci cirrrl sc tlif'rrz,cirz l c o n g r c s .i r s c t r l t : i t o r u l l ) ( ) : l lt) u. n ci l t t i c i P i rl,l r i r c t i c . l i t c c r c l l r r t t t i c l:) ( ) i l t c r c r r c I i o n rl r l r c r r t r r z . i i r s r nlr trill lr rl r t r l i c r r l r r li ) ,(]irtc i r r r r r o t< l l i r c c lt l r r x r r l ; ;ric f l r r . r r r l t c r r s i r r n i A l ocrc . la.p i r c r rs lr rc: l)crrcoc sl u s g i n r rd t c r r n t r ld i n r r c c a n d i c l a l i : i;i crr cliscrrrsu cstc rnri tcatral rlccit acclapt i l i s c u r st r r r n s c r i is n p r c s ad c d i r n i n c r t i i . $ i , i n u l t r c i l c a r l n t l , P r i r i ^ t c r n r c i l i r r lr a d i . r r l r r ia s c u l r i i t ' n r la r c s c r ) t i n l c n t l r l c lrx i r t i c i l l l l l c r s o n allr rc v c r r i n r c n t cs , c n t i n t c n tl ) c c r l r c f o a i r rt i p J r i t r in r r i - l p o i r t co l c r i . I ' o l i r i c r r l i l i r z r r t rlii r r i r r l i od c v i r r c c r r r n r r ir r r r r l t ir l rgurirrIi o i cxPcricrrliu t c t i v i l l ) c n t r u r r s c u l r r t oc r lccit l n z i r r r .I ' ) a r c p r c z i n t i ir r r r [ c l d e c o n t a c t ( l i r c c t c r l J l o l i t i c ar c l i r t a t i i p r o t l t g o n i 5 t ic i a n r p a n i c iI .l ) s t c p , r i n r r r n l a r cr , n i r ir P r o i r P c c l c< lr c l a j i c p c r s o r r a l i;l; i ,r l c c i , r r r t i c f i c i c n t i i .

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A c c s t r c z . r r l t i rs r c n l c n f i n c $ i ( l a c r li r d i l u g i i n )r l o r r i ig n r p r r r i t l c c ( ) n t r o l ,i n c r r r c l ) l r r c n r s t r r r l i as c h i r r r l r i l r i l c : l ) c t r c c r t t ci n t r c l r r l r i l c n r a i ^ i ;iiu l i c , r c s p c c t i vi n r r c n r a i ; ; i a L r g u s t . r Irr nriisura i n c a r c c a r l p a n i aa c l u c cs c l r i n r b j r ii r r i n r e r r t i i l cc l c c t . r l r l c . a c c s t cs c l r i r r r b . t r rr r r n aiin t l i r c c l i a r . r c a t c r io \ 'i o r ( , 1 ) c r u rr i nr,gcrritltlii r o c i r r l cl.. , ao P r i v i r c r n u i r r t c r r t i ls P o l i t i c ca ; i r r r P u r i k r s ,c t l o v r : t l c ; t c r : r l ' i r r r r c n i i r r ; i 5 is r r n tc o r r S t i c r r l< i l c l t r p t r r lc r l o t : u r r r l r r r n i c l c r c g r u l l c a z .n dr c r l i r r s l o c i r la s t f c l i r r c i i ti r c c s t a t l c v i n c , c l i np t r n c t dc vcdcrc p'litic, r.ai s'litlar cu pr.priirc lor vctlcri. La rrlti'rrrl i n t c n ' i r r t l i n u i n t c aa l e g c r i l r l a r n r l ) u s r r r n r r i t o a r ci a n t r c b a r e :, , p r i v i n d i t r i t l l o iI i tt l c s l r l g t r r r r rtc i t p i r t i l a c l u nr l c l r r r p a n i c i c lc , i t r io r r r r r c l i rlirrtrc: t l t t n t t l c r t v r x t ss tr i rr ilzginrlii -ia P r i c t c r l i i Sri t r t l c l c t q l l r i y i r r l rlrc l l l r r i c u n l v o r v o t l r i i n c c t l i r c c t i c s - r r rirr r t l r c p t a tc i i , , ( } s t i i t v c n tt l i l t t r t g i t r c r r r a ic l a r i il l s u l ) r rs l i t t r a t i c ia . r r -s rt r r c l i ac tlgar r i i s P r r r r s r r rs i lrc r l l i c c t i l o(r: i r r c i u r i r v u to i r r t c r r r i c t . o n s t r r n tri li c v o t . t l u r c r r r cn u i l u v o t i r (l i r u l c g c r i l cr l i r rr r o i c r r r l l r i c (j :t ._ ' i r r vri l z , r r tr c c s t i o t r r r c r r li ) c I r c c i i n ( l u - s l r r ?l { i l s p r r r r s r i rcr j r r r r r k l irllii rr'l'rrlrclulX. src A i ; a c r r n ro b s c r v i i n ri r r a c c s t t l b c l , r i c c a r cc l i n c e l c t k n r i i n r c d i r l l o l i t i c c r r r a j ' r c o l ) c r c a z i ic a u n f c l c l c c i r ' p n l a g . c t i c , a t r r g i i r r c l . a n r c n i i d c a c c l a s ir i p i ; i r c s p i n g a n d r r -p i e i n c l i v i z . ic i u puncte clc v c d c r c a n t a g o n i c c( . j r r : r l t cc r r v i n t c ,f l c c ; r r cg r r r Pc l c v i r r c i,n t : c t ,r l u r s r g t r rn , l r l lo r ) ) o g c n i n o ; l i r r i i5 i i r r c o n r P o r t a n l c n t l P r l0 l i t i c . Sclrirrrb i l r i l ci l r t c r r l i c ti l c v o t ( j i l r c t u a v r r tl o c i r r j t r r u l0 l l s c r v a t o r i l (r)c rl)ub l i c a n i s r r r r t ,i n r n a j o r i t i r t c a <:az.rrrilo r , t l i r c c g i ar c P r r b l i c a n i l$ in . i, i n v c r s ,t l c c i t c o r i s - a us c n r r u r l a stc l r i r r r l r i tir i n ftrvoarca lrril{ooscvclt. c l c s rrr rt r l l l x ) r t r c r ( t l c o l t s cr v i r t o rii c l o r r r o c r r r l i . 'l'alrcl'l

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a n r r ) l i f i c i n d d i l c r c n p c l cd c s t i l d e v i a g d < 1 c co'ccP;ii. Ac'rclul s-a i;i - i l ) i l c u n rs p r r r r c r r r r r . r t r l r c a l i z - rc t c l r r r i rp i rrlirr 5i P . l l t r l a r - c t rs . c r i i l'ctrintl i' acccir;; cia s d c . ) p c r c c l r ct l i n c i r c i s c a f l i rp c lxlzitiiP'litiec clil'critc. Ac.rclulal)r()al)c s r ; g i s . t i c s t r n . i n cc i r r r r rr c z u l t a r P c r f ' c c< t lirrtrc a l d o n t i n r r l i cr i t l a s c t t l i r ti c n s i t t r a g i i llc irrtr-rrn a r r r r r r rp i t1 1 c t loliticc. r l s t r r r l i r r l r r i' r ( ) : , i t r u r r,r r irrtrcllirl t l c c i r r cs r r l r i c t :rtl r c i l t l i s r : r r t i r s r :cr r c i r r c v i rl r r . l l l c r n c P r l i t i c c i r r r r l t i r r r c l s cirPrdrrrirr 4i . 5t l c l L . r r r ca i tr s p t r sc i i r l i s t : u t l r s c rr:lic s p r c l l c g c r i c u s o r t r lk r r . r l a r ,d i n t r - r r n rrun)rir c g a l d c l r i i r b a t ii r l c S il a i r r t i n r P l r r r cn . r r n r a iP a t n r a u r a l ) o r t l l t cliscutii c u s o r i i l c .I . ) r r c i r l ccstc d i s c u t r it l c f i r n r i l i c j r a c r ir r n r o l l a f L . lr k r i r n p o r _ t a r ) t l ) c n t f t r s o t i c i r 5 i p c n t n r s o t i i l c l o r ,r t u n c i l r r t r c b u i s i i ( ) b t i n c m a l l r , . r i n r a t i v a c c l l ; ; i n t r n r d rd c r u P . a r t cp r i v i n c l s c l r i r n b a r c a idcikrr p ' l i t i c c i n c a z r r lc c l ' r d ' u i i s c x c . [ ) a r n u n r a i s o t i i l e c a r c srrnt 5tiu < l P i n i i l cP o l i t i c ca l c b i i r b : r g i l olr r r . A c c g t i an r r s i r - r r ct; l l i s c r r r r i1 1 6 l i t i c l i c t t t t c t ' c s t c l cl o r ; s i r n t c r l < l o a rl c r c l a t c i r z e l . r l r r l l r i c u n r v ( ) n lv c d c a $i, d i n c i t a t c l cc l c ' a i i . s , s r l i i l c c r r i r rrrl ' r c s c s i rl i s c s P r r r r ( r. l..1 strrrr I u c r t r r i l e : , , 1 , ai n r c n i r r r i l c a ' t c r i r i r r c , n r r r r r i i g i n d i s c m c l c l . c , crar acum s-au aProPiatalcgcrilc ;;i cred cii_ivoi i()ta clenr.cragi, rzz l)c , r is o l u /t t t . u " ; , , S . [ r r l t r c . a [ r r s tr l r n t ' t t l c a r r r r a r e P t r b l i c : a .l.l l s l ) r n c cii,drrr:d \'()tirnl l ) c r l r n r l l a r t i r l ct l i f c r i t c ,v o t r r l n . s t r t r r r r rr n i r il r r c n i c i tf. sclls. Apa cd nd gritr/r.rc.rrlrer/czata/ ti.r/a,si.rrt_iL,olft l)t tr./),_ bliattri..." . S c1 > i r r c i ul'arca p'riticrra'pirrici, ci si irrtregtrl c i i r , . r r r r l r . rc r r i v c l t l c i n t c r c s c s t c c o n t l u { i < lrs r c l l r r r r .rrr r c r n l r n r a l f t r r r r i l i clir ra l t t r l . l ) i n t r c l l : i r l r i r t ici i l r c i u r l r r i r r r i f ' c s t rr o ut n r r n r i t r i r r t c n ; i cd c v o t 5 i r l r n t a r c :i 1 1 1 c p c l )s c n t n r a l c g c r i ,n u n r a i3 o T ou r s u s t i n u t c r is o l i i l e l . r n r r avcrrrr t J c g i n d s ; -! r' o t c z c s i l u r ) u l i t i a r rl ) c n t n r c i n c . i n c i r z u lb d r b a t i k r r c r r r r r ri r r t c r c s r c < l u s< , :ilra s c r i d i c i il l 5 2 9 i . l ) ' c r i s t r r r l i c r ' r c l r r l i i l ct l i . t r c r r r t ril; i f i i c r s i r . r l i r r t r cf r a t c ; ; i srlrrr, r l c s r ' . p c r i r r ri r r : c c i r g di ' r n i r r a t i c i r r r i r r l l a t r r l rir i trclrurilcprrliticc. n irr Plrrs,'rrrrgcrritatc. si c l x ) ; r t c exti'tlc aslr[)ra 1 l ' l i t i c i ir rt r r r r r i l i c n r i r rr r r t r l t og rcncratiii .\ [ c n r l r r ic i 5rrrrtionrrn l r(r)i s t n a r u f i r s ti l l t r c b x t i : , , ( - l , l r s i d c r a t ic l l . n r i l i a c l r r r r r . c r r r , o x s t ( rr i i) a r i n t i , l r r r n i c i ) a f . s t

rt ctl t r r l l l i tllt 1'rrctlontittrtt il rlirrtotrlcrtuna l t r c r l o r n i n i t n td C t n < t c r t t ts < ; u r r i l ?I" \ l a i r r u l t t l c t r c i s f e r t t t r id i n t r c s r r b i c c l i ic t t i t r t c t r g iti l c v o r i n l u n i r s c p t c r n l r r i ca t l l t r m a t d c c i z . i rlrr r a t r l< l c c i r l l r r lf r r r r r i l i e il.l r t r i zricicxcnrlrlelc a tkri ale&iloridfhli lo pintl loraol,cirrc atr prclttat r r . r r r t l c l rftilr r n i l i l l i n c i l c l e l a i n c e p r r t u lc a r i e r c il o r c i v i c c : , , P r o l x r l l i l crl-i v<ri votrr l)c rlcrnocnt;i, pcntru ct, a/t[e/,buniru/ o .vl ttrrlitqoaie r / r t i u " i , , l ) : t r : ll n i l l x ) ri r r s c r i c1 l cl i s t e ,o s r lv o t c z . l ) c t l t n t r c p rt l l l i t ' r r r t i . [)cntru ci itt/rtttri/itr nrcafoli sunt rt'pullirani, r4rilft] ttil rtn le tlrs." , n t t l b r t r r b a t ;c i c l i l a l t f c t t r c i c ,o f c - r itl t i g t c A c c ; t i t i n c r i a l c g r i t o r iu Nici rrrr cxcclcntc ilrrstr:ira i l e a c e s t u i t i p d e i t t f l t t c n t t if a n r i l i a L \ . prca Itrttlt avcurtu11 intcrcs nrarc pcntnr alegcrii;i nici nrr-i l)reocttl)it . rnbii au acceptat, c a r n p a n i ac l c c t r l r a l dA l ) e n t r u p r i t t t t t ll o r v o t , t n t i r r l i r t i i ra c c s t c i c l i t i ap o l i t i c r ia f i r n r i l i c i p i a m b i i v o r r t r m i l t c ,p r o l l a b i l , t r a t l i t i i . i n p r i m u l c a l . ,a v e n ' lc h i a r $ i o a l u z i e l a s a n c g i t r nlia n r i l i a l c carc sii intiircascildccizia, A$a sc nll$te un alcgrltorlidcl. cxccl)ti()nalc, itt carc Oc prrtcrn sl)urlc insrl rlcs;lrc c'.tz.ttrile l n r r r r r n i lc irrt srrrvinc r l cs u l r i c c t r d c z . a c o r r l u l is ni n u l t r n c i f t r r r r i l i i[? coltlirtft-rsc clc acorclctt ccea ce a ex1'rrinrat tiniirttl nostrtl alcgirt<lr: i s t c d o a r p r e t u l l i n i ; t i i c a s n i c c .A t t c x i s t i t tr l o v c z i n r i t a t e ap l o l i t i c i c c r l r c r l u p u t u t c c r t i f i c at e n s i u n i l c d i n f r r r r r i l i i l e c a r e I t t t l t u r t j t t n sl r r Un c o t ) s c f l s . ( ) t l n r i r i l a r c l a t i t ti n l u n a i u n i c c r l i t r t c n l i r l n as i l v o t c z c l ) c n { r t l l ) a r t i d u l l ) c n t o c r i r t ,l ) c r ) t r t tc i l , , i r r r il l l r t cc t n t l i r l a t i i r l c n t o c r a l ir n i r i rrttlt dcciit cci reptrblicani".lia citise ,,ult articol clirt(lolliefs dcsprc c ' i r r r r l i r l i rr li ci p t t l l l i c r r n ir "; in t r i s c p r l n t s c r i,l, p r c ui r r t c r c s a n l i "(. l r c t l < : : t c i i , , I { o o s c v c l t a f r i c t t t t r e a l l : l l r t t n i l ' c r p r c p c t l i t t t c " q i i r l l r o b l rt ' c l c l c - a lt r c i l e a n r a n d a t . ' I ' o t u fi , p z l r i n g ific t c i c r a u l ) e n t n l c a n d i r l r t t t t l untti nrarecortflit:t.I\lama fctci rcprrblican,si acestlucru a fost sttrsa i - r ts p u s i n t e r v i c v l t o r t r l u i : , , O f a c c d o a rc a s i i r r c c o r t t r r t z i c i i . ' l i r t d c a inrpolrit:n lrarlititi ,ti a ronrr'1ilii/orrttriruirrittalc ltritittlilot'.i." in cclc tlin unnil, fatit a t'ctlrtt ;i f-a votat pe \\tillkic, explicind: ,,'l'olrr ,siprirfttrii zrai s-au girrtlit c i i n - r r rf i o i c l e cl r t r r r tc i r rR < x r s e v c ls t r lc a r r < l i t l c z;c i p c r r t n rr l t r c i l c l una iun sirnpit ci'i opiniile ei etau doar o rtoftri rlicta11rg." n r i r r t c l a tl , irrtr-ttrr ) c l r t r uc i a r i n c c p c s { s c t r a n s f t r r r n c

I 92 / tllu ani.rntul uotului I : , s t c r c z o r r a l l i ls r i r r c l l f t c l ) t J r l rc r r o i r s c r n c n c l [ ) r c s i r . r ] lc ci l t r c o t r l o g c l t i z . a rs cr i - ic o n t l t t c r 1 l l co i t r n c n i ic r r o r i g i r r i f i r n r i l i i r l c lrcolll(lg c r t c l a o r n i r i r r r a r ci r r c c r t i t u d i n cp r i v i n d r r f i l i c r i l cl o r lloliticc.I;ig r r r a4 0 c o r r r P r r rrrrir o l r i l i t a t c p a o z . i l i i l oP r o l i t i c cs p c c i f i c cs u l r i c c t r i l o r p r r - r v c n i r rttlli n f t r r u i l i i c r r d i f ' c r i t cg r a d c d c o n l o g c l r i r r r t c a irrtcngiilor dc vot. l v l i r il l r r g i l d i q|()gcnc r c . \ 1 6r l i n t r c a l c g r i t o r ici r r l r r r r r i l io irr lrrrlr a u g u s t; i - i l u s c l r i n r b a t r r l t c r i < .irn r t c n l i r rd c v o t . D a r , d a c aa u c x i s t a r u n c l c r u d c i n r l c c i s c( a I d o i l c a g r u p d i n l i i g u r a 4 0 ) , a p r o a l t e l 0 % d i n s r r l l i c c l is - a r rr i z . g i r r d i ti n t r c l r r n i l c u r r g r r s$ t i o c t o r ) r r ) r i cI.a r i n r r r i c t r lg r r r P r r l l i r r r r i l i i l o r c i r r c s c i l f l a u i r ) t r - u r rr l c z , u r r r r < l til 297r, ro d i r r t r c s u l r i c c l i i r u t r c c r r rc c l l l r r l i r rl ) r i n t r - os c l r i r n b i r r c tlc Poz.i1ic, Cirtd oittttcltip i tovcttitrd d i n l i r r r r i l iri ) c o r r l o g e n ic n intcntiilcftlr clcctoralc s-lu rilzglndit, ci au fiictrt-'in favoarcaparticrrrlui agreat dc rcstulfanrilici. c c l p u r i n t l l v o d i n r r c m e r n b r i i f a m i l i i l o rr c p u b l i c a t l cc l l r cc r a t ri n i l i a l n c l t o t i i r i l i i t t tl i r s tp r < l - r c l t r r b l i c i r n io ?c nt o r l l r r i c ; liigrrra 40: Cu aitfani/ia esternai pulirr onogaari h piaittta to/uiktr sa/t, at alrit nai nuh nenbii ci tirtrl sri-si silinhc iutenliile
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()trt<lgenitrttca politicrlit grtlpttrikrrsotiitlc cstt' din t:rrtlrrrl p r o m o v a t ' Jc l c r c l r r l i i l cl ) c r s ( ) l ) i l l c a c e l o r a $c i a t e g o r i it l c o a n t e n i .I ) r t r p c t r t r t tt t t t s t u d i t t s i s t e m a t i cq i d c t a l i a t a l i r r l l t t c n l c l o r c x e r c i t a t ed c a s t f e ld c r c l a l i i - r o l t t l p o l i t i c i r l - a r l l l l c c c s l t rt t r t i t l i n l l u c n p c l o rp c r s t l t t u l c vcntar sistctnatic al tlivcrselor c()flt'.lctc l)crl c -lltr c a r e a t d i s c L r t i i l o r s o n a l es i lnliticc [)c avut oanrenii intr-un nttmilr tle: zilc, lrtrttt: drcpt epltntion. Acest lltcrrt itr fttrlrizlt ttn i n t l e x a l g r a d t r l r r it l c c x p t t n c r c p c r s o t t a L i , sinrilar ctt in<lcxttl grndultli dc cxpttttcrc, dcz.voltat in citllitrtlclc rttltcrirlarc.Astl'cl rlc itr sttrtlirrl t l l t e c o m l t l e t c . n t ls u l r t t l i s p r l n i l r i l c t t r f l c i c t t t ci r t t i l r r t l i t t i i t l c f : r g i I ld , a r r r t t lr t t l r t t t i ts l ) e n t r u a r c l c v a i n l l x l r t a r r t i lr c l a l i i k r r l ) c r s ( ) nale in ccea ce pri\rc$tc inflttcnta lor lloliticii directil. Rczrrltatelc ;i imllrcsiilc nortstrc\tor fi reztrnratefilril it fttceallel la l)rcil llltlltc (lill(: t l tt ' c s t c il t t i i i t c o t t t l r o s t a t i s t i c c . S c t l t n i f i c a t ia p r t : t a m e l l t u l u i p t l l i t i c a f r r s t s t t b l i r t i r t t ltil c

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[,'lrrxrrl conrtrnicirrii in doi paqi I l r r r o l s P c c i i till r r c [ c a u ar e l a g i i l oP r crsonalc i l l u , , l i d e r i it l c o p i r r i c " . i n O a l r i t o l r r l\ / a n r o b s c r v a tc d e i s - a r ra n g a j a c in discutiilc politice r n r r ir r r u l t r l c c i t r c s t u l s u b i e c t i l o r .D a r c i a u r e l a t a tc d r r r a s s rncdirr r u t l i r s t r r r u ic l l c i c r r t c c a s u r s c d c i n f r r r n r r r r t cl c c i i t r c l r r l i i l c I ) c r s ( ) rrirlt:.Accst lrrcrrrsugcrcaz,A ci\, ccl nrai irdcsc'.r, itlcilc nrigrc',t'r.t\ r/itt 'r.i'.rrc ,,i/r'elidcrii dc opinie Sirleh acci;tiaajrrng lrr scgllrcnrarlio ;i telc mai ptrtin activcpolitic ale populagici. L l n e o r i ,< l r r n r e n i ci e i m a i c o e r e n [ i a u c v i d c n ; i a t u n a r t i c o l s a u arr sttbliniat irr)portanfa u n L r i d i s c u r sr a c l i o f o n i c i.n n r . , . l r e l ) c t r t , c l c c t o n r t u li r r t : < l n s t a s r r-ta r e f c r i t l a l c c t t r r a u n u i a r t i c o ls t r r r l i ra s c r r l t r r r c at t r r c ' ic r r r i s i u r t s i u l l l l r e s i u n e au n c i i n f l u c n t r cp c r s o n a l c .I a t i l caz.ul unrri profcsrlrpensionatcare s-alrotdrit sii-i votcz-c1>e reprrl>lic a n i :, , ' J - a rc as t c p r e g d t i t { p e n t r u o s c h i r n b a r e [ . . .] . W i l l k i e e s t c r r n orrr rcligios. Iit/nietenacitit,ri ni-atrconautal ,ri nieraurttvrrilr/ruzi rtrt it:olttltloctorrrlrrl i ) o l i n g i n n r r r n r l r r rtll i r r o c t o r n l t r i c l r l r c v i s t c i (,tlt'i.t t irrrrI t t ru /r/, intitulat Rcligi.r lui Wenclell Wi llkic". " " Carrr atit clesprc ,,aria de acopcrire a contactclor persclnalc". I n f l u c n g c l e r l c l a o m l a o m i i a f e c t e a z ip l e cei ntai slrsccl)tibili dc s t l r i r r r l r r t r1 ci t ' o l r s t i t r r io c l)lrr)tc t l c c u r c r r r c t l i i l c c o n r r r l r i t'irrc llrirr i ; i c x t i r r < li n l l t r c n ; a . l ) l r , i n l l l r r s ,r c l r r g i i l c p c r s o n i r l ca r r a r r r r n r i t c irvirntirjc p s i l r o l o g i c cd ; c irccca, clc sulrrf<rirrtcflcicrtrcirr cxcrcit i r r c i la c c l o r , . l l r c s i r r n n ce c<lnduc in final Ia ornogcrrii rolccrrlarc" t a t c a p o l i t i c : l a g r t r p u r i l c ls r ocialc. V o n r d i s c u t ai n c o n t i r r u a r cc i n c i astf'c I clccarrrctcristici.

( } r r r t r r c l c l c p c r s o r r i r l ci i i n l l t r c r r f c r r z r i ; r c c c i l r c l r o t r f u . fii f ( ) r i r l c c i r t c . r i l i s - : rc c r r r ts r r b i c c ; i k l r r . S t r is i l v . r b c a s c i i tlcsPrc cXl)u1-1c1c k1 r r1 r c c e n t i i l a c ( ) n r r r r r i c : r r c ca lcctorald dc oricc fcl. r l i s c r r r i i l cl l o l i t i c c a r r f o s t n l c n r i o n a r c r n a i l r c c v c n t t J c c i i tr a d i o r - r l s a t tz . i u r c l c i.n o r i c c z i . c c i c r r c a u l x r r t i c i l x r , t f r c a c t i r , ,f i c p i r s i r l a d i s c u l i i l c c l c s l l r ci r l c g c r ia u f < r s t crt rog'o nrai nuurcr.pi tJccit cci carc il[r rrsctrltat u l r r l i s c r t r si n l l ) ( ) r t a l l ts a u a t r c i t i t c c v i r t l c s P r c carrrlranicintr-un ziar. lar accst l)rocent era rcl)rczcntat clc acei oar)rcnrcilrc nu luascriiincii o dccizic tlcllnitivd. Conversatiilepolit i c c c r a u , t l c c i , m l r i i r r n r J s r , r rs i lr r - ii n f l u c r r g c z c l ) c a c c $ t io a n l c n i , i r t c : rrll c s c l r i i ;ti l i n n c c s tl l u n c t r l c v c t l c r c . l ) c p i l t l r t ,c c i c i r r cs - i r ul r o t i i r i i t i n I ' a z . c ln cr a i t i r z i i a l c c i r r n l x r r r i c i i r U n ) c n l r o n a tr n u l t r n a i a d c s c ai n f l u c n p c l ep c r s o n a l ea t u n c i c i i n r l a u c x P l i c a rc r r n rl i s - a l o r n r a ti n c c l c d i n u r m d i n t e n g i ad e v o t , [ ) e l l s c n l c n c i la , r nt l c s c o l l c r i c t d r x r n r c n in i r a i p u ; i n i n t c r c s l g is - a ub a z . a t r r t r rr irrrrlr i i r r r a il l r r ; i r r l ) c e ( ) n v c r s r l lp c,a s u r s c P c r r r c d i i l cl o r r r r r r l c t l c i r r l i r r r r r i r r c . ' l ' rs clic r t r r r i t l i r r t r cs r r l r i c c l in i o $ t r ic r r r c , la urr rrrot t t c r r t< i a t c , rcdcurr c r l n u v ( ) rv o t i r ,d a r a u l b s t i n f i r r l l , , t l u ; i c u f r r r 1 a , , l a u r n c r r u l r r c n l i o n i r ti r r f l u c n p c l c l l c r s o n a l c .D r r p i i a l c g c r i ,s r r b i c c g i l o r l i s - l r c l r r ts i l c o r n p l c t c z . c o l i s t i c l r , ! s u r s cc l c u n c l c a u a d u n a t c c l c r r r a ir n u l t c i r r l i r r r r r i r ts i ia r ri r n p r c s i ic a r e i - u r ra j L r t . a sti i s c c l c c i r l d i r t p r i v i r r l i r\ , o t r r l u i " .( , ' c i c r r r cs c r i l z g i n d i s c r J i n v r c u n f ' c li r r t i r r r P u l c a r r r P u n i cii- a t rn r c r r i i o r r a1 t l cP r i c r c n is r r uP c n r c n r b r i i l a n r i l i c i n r a i lrccvcnt <lcclt cei carc arruscscril o intcnlic constantil dc vot pe p . t r c r r r s t irn l t r c g i i c a r r lrl a r r i i .

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l\'rrluntinl/urnlr/'ttlvtt'ttrtlr I Jtt i ctlttt l c l t i k l i i , c i u r l i t t t z i r t tt t r t d i s c t t r sp < l l i t i cl ) c l l t r l l c i l t l r l l l c i t / l i t l t t p l i t t t ctliit. t t t r t r s i r r i r c f c r r r t { . A t i t i 1 c ( t n v c r s i l t i i ,c . r t $ i s i t r r r c i r r . t ( ) l l s t r lp astf'cl clc c()rnunicari intinlpliltoare sllnt cit sc Ptutc tlc ctjt:icrttc' itt Ilr rclatarca glor astfel de ittflttcllle estc ll)tllt ttlai liccvt:trtli i tt rttcttlitltlilt ilccst ltrcrtt itt c a z . l l c o r r t a c t c l t l r p e r s o n a l e . . S U l l i c c g ia l i r t t t t l1 ' t : i o t l r i n r l l r rt t z . i t l : i . . . r r r o r l r c p c t a t : , , 1 - r u na u z . i t1 l c < l t t n t c t tv v 0 t llitttltt-sc t ti l . . . S o l t t l l l t c t l i l i t t t z i t r l l U r r c r r is p u r r i n t l I t r r r r t g ' . t Z i c tlcsllrc asta lrt scr\/icitl."

r l i s l x r z . i l i cn l ( : n t i . l l l s i l l c c i f i c J ,( . c n c i n t l u c n t c x z _ d r c c c l ) t a r . c aI.J n l s t [ c l t l c c ( ) 1 r r l ) ( ) r t l r r nic nn tt c r ) f i o l r rlrl lc c l ) a r t c( l i n : r r i i r n l i l i l a r g i ia cxllcricrrlcl()r n()ilstt'c politicc; Proccdirrdastfcl. urlniirirn s{ ne v c r i l i c r i n r ; i s r i r r c i r r t i i r i n rc o r r ri r r g c r i l c A . ccastrd i i s p o z i t i cn l e n t a l d ( ) c s t c r r n n u r i lc i r r c n c r r P i i r itil c i r r l l r t c r r ; cN . , l i i s t r rirrrr c a r c o a n r e n i i , p i r n l t i i r l c s< ; t :c i i l r c i l u v c r l c r i l ) i l r [ i / , i r r rl c ii ascrrltr <loar lrrtcrnicc, Pc cci t'c lirr tliscrrrsrrris:c r ri r t c s ci r r t i r : o l( c: uc i r r cs r r r r t d c i r c o r tr l linirintc c s t c o t l o v l r < l lilt r a c c s ts c l t s . P c t l c l l t r l [ ) a r r c ,c r r r a ip r o l l i r b i lc i r o a n r c . n i li ) c c a r c i i i n t A l n i m dirrcu t.tul altc rn.tivc dccit discrrtiilc p o l i t i c cs i t n c l l r i n r l r ln e p r e g . l t i t i ,c ; rs i is l ) r n l c n r r 5 ar,l r r < 'rrrlr r l : ir r t l r r cs tlc girr<s r ir r l r i c r : t r r l irrl r isc u t i c . A r t i c r l c l c r l i n P r c s dg i d i s c r r r s r r r irl a c t l i o l i r r r i clc r o rl ' ic v i r a t c c u d c s t u l : lr r t r r r r i r r ltrlla , r ,P c n r i l s r r r c i ic c a n r P a r r iiin r i r i r r t c i r zs ri ldczbatcrilc sc irrtcrrsificr ci ,g r c u s d r n a i c v i t id i s c L r r i i lp eo l i t i c e .I n t l u e n l e l e P c r s o n i r l cs r r r r tn r a i l l i i t r t r n z , r i t o a ; ric n r a i d i f i c i l r l c s c l c c t a t d c c l r t t . t r t sn sr c r l i r r . I ) c s c r r r t ,p o l i t i c a i p i f t r c cl o c , i n s P c c i a li n c a z . t rc l clor i n t l i f ' c r c r r t ir,r r r r l t n x r i u ) ( ) rl ) c t : a l c a a t ' c s t ' rc o l ' r t i l c t e pcrsonale tJccit i n o r i c c a l t r n o c l ,l l r r r 5 i s i r n l l l u I ) c n t n rc { i n t c r v i n e n c i r ) t c [ ) t a tc , ao linic cr.rlirtcrrr .r i rc slr r i r r r n r r r l l i c c t m r r r g i n r r l i n t r - oc ( ) n v c r s i l t i c oarcc a r c . D c P i l d i i ,l r r r ra v r r tP r i n t r c s r r b i e c p n i i < l ; t r io c h c l n e r i g rc i a r es - a I t ' ( : i r i t r : l \ \ r i l l l i i c a r f i r r r r p r c ; c r l i r r r cs l i r l r ,< l r r p i l cc lnrriintii sc g i n t l i s c c r i a r l l b r r n . l ' , a n c - i rs l ) u s : , , ( j i t i s c r lr)rr J r i l l c l r r c r r r ri in r l l o trivir ltri \\'illkic Prirr ziarc; rn-lrrt rdz.garrclt it , ftpt, rlit nuzite. lc \ \ / i l l k i c n t r P l a c ca t i r o r ( ) i l r r l c n i l.\ l u l g i c l i c r r t id c l a r c s t a t r r a ns tl)un c : t W i l l l i i c . r r v a f i b r r n . " ( ) b s c n , a t ic i s c a l ' l r r in p.z.igia < l ca s r r r s i lo i r r f l r r c l t c z c l l r i r r t l cl ' r i r r t r r r(il c ( ' ( ) n v c r s i r t iiir r cn r t ( : r : l l r r r c r r i t c c x . l l x i s t r l rnult.c sirrrrrti ril c a c c s rf c l . I ) i s c r r t i a ca,.frrrct I)c rprit" c s t c l i r a r t cc l i c i c n t l , [ ) c n t r uc l i o r r n r c n in i r r - ls r r s P c c t c a z l l Pc vrlrbitor clcintcrrliipcrsrrasivc ; c o n s c c i n t i ic in , i rcrrrrntd l a a t i t u d i n e ad c [ e n s i v r t .N l i r i r n r r l t ,o p c r s r a r r i lr l c r i p u l c c l c i d e r r r i r i s r r sp r r a t cs i m ; i c i l strrPrirrrlc i r s r l L 'lll t r n c t r r lc l c v c c l c r ca l , , l r r n r i i i ng c n c r a l , , , c d a f l i ,c le c r c d , . t o t l ' c l t r lt l c o r r n l c l t i " r l c s p r ea l c g c r i . A . s t f c lc l c P a r t i c i p i i rP l a c . n v c r s a t i cs r r n t. m . l . g c . i n c a z u l i :rsivc nlcdiilor{irrrtrltlc , o l l t i t r c r c l t ctt itttiirnllllitoarc l c i r r f r l r r r r l t ic i ,a a t u n c i ,

I ilcx i bi lit rrtcu atttnci cind illtiilrlitn rczistcrr ! ri c i l i r t t i l l r i t n o i l l l l c l l i ( : l t r c\ / ( ) rs r t t r c i t t l l t t c r r S r i l t r c s r r p u r r c r ui,r t s : I , (jotttat:tclt' tczc pi cii irccstiu sc \,or ftlvi dc rcT.istcntlllloilstrll. c t t c c l c l a l t cr r r c r l i i : l ) c r s o n i t l ca i t r t r t a l t t t l a r ea v a n t a ji t r c o n t p a r a t i c toctllxl cotltrilcillil 1i irniIila rcT.istc:tlta c()r)[ilcttllfalri in firfri 1lo';ttc ' t t c a r cc : i t c n r t l l t n r a i f l c x i b i l d c c i i ta l t c t i p r r r it l c c o l l l i l c t i r r r r r i i s r t r ia satl allllltor. sc: Agcltul clectoral iptcligcnt, fic cil cstc prol'esitlnist pcntru a-gi atirlgc scttlltrl. I',1 ltoate lirlgsi dc nunreroascscnlnalc in care sd se adresczcscnlcntlllli srltl.l)oatc sii-$i poatc alcgc ocirzia rl(lill)tczc lx)vcstca la ccca cc l)rcstll)llnc ctl-l intcrcscll/.rll)c cclil rl lrlictisctrtt'. t r id c a i p [ c l c g c . l ) r t c i l1 l l r s c n ' ic l r r l r9 i l a c a p a c i t r r t c lrL s11l;is1:ttt I l-.) i r c t v - rc t l c c : l t : c l t l r r l t s c l ) o s t c r l 7 .illll ltoatc sclrinll;.1 vic:torici5 . i port{c < l c f c l s i v : i ,s c l x ) l r t c r c t r a g c ,t l i 6 t l r r - i s a t i s l i r c [ i a r c v c r r i t t u t i t l i r z . i tlta i d c i l c s a l c . I ) a c i l i t r t : t t r s t ttl t r l c i t l i s c t r l i it l c s t ' ' r i5i poatc Icg"t ltcrii ltrclc c()tlvitrgcrila cttre intcrltrctttortrlslrl 1inc. lllotl]clltc:lc citttl cclillrtlt rl|1scr\'rl irrgttrrtclttelc tlc itccstca.P11ate cctlcuz,llpi, astfcl, l)ollte veni ctl argtllllcntcle sitlc filrtc, lttittllittttlu-;i gcltrl. N i c i r a t l i g t r l ,n i c i l x t g i p a t i p r i r i t atrl l l l x ) t l r r c c i r s t f i ' lr l c l t t t ' r t t r i . it ct t s r t t t t l r l t t l lrlrpropag:tntlistit: lile trclluic sdatingl cu rnatcriirlclc i n l l c e i r r ci r r t l i v i t li r r r r l o c s r il i n t c s c t i p r c t : i s .r c s p c ( : t i v l t r r l t l i c r r l r r ii . < l o n t e t l i i l,t r r t t r lltl t t t t i o t t l 1 r . r t " . i ' , l t r o p l g a n d i l ,c a ; i i n a t i i t c i ll l t c contlttt'c lrr clctrtc tlc l ) o a t c f i o t r a \ , i l a l t t r i a .A c e s t l t t c r t t p < t r t f c

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lrunrcr:rrrg,.ltrac c ii . ( l u r g r . r c ' t c l c r l c . s t i n . t c lnrri l).blic,,lrc(liu,., c t r r c a < : 1,i , i n r c t l i i " , . u l i r r t ' i t r g i c r cp r r l i n i n c i r z . r r r c r r r rX i . Irrctriilc lirrrrralc a ' . 1 ' r t c l cr r r a i rrrrrltc r l r i r r r )a : , c ' r c r c a c f c c t t r c r > r r r r r c r a r r g , i r r c a z r l a r ) o r l ) c r s . a . c c i r r cs - a u s i r r r l i t . l ' c . s ' t c ric ccle cititc sau a u z i t c ; i s - i r r ri r r d r c p r a ti ' t r i r c c l i a c ' . t r a r d r : r 1 rc i rc ce intenpir. a s c r : i ^ r t c ' ( r r , i r r t i r r r ; lc c n i c i u r r r r ld i r r t r c c c i 5 i t t l c s r b i c c g ic a r c l* rrrcrrli,rrirc t ()lrtirctclc llcrs'^alc c:r llirrrl rlccisivc .tt ' v.rlrrt r l c s l l r cr r r ri r s r l c r l l c c r c c t .l ; r c x i l r i r i t r r t c sr i rrrirliikr [ r 1 di , [ r 1 l lr r r ra lil.srt lt rr c r rl ) ( ) ri l : r c n ) c n c u. stit r a r i .

[)ar i^ ftrrniliu nrea ;in togi cu willkie. Iii cred cri va fi ccl mai bu. P r c g c r l i n t cp i r t r . J l l r c s c a z iiln t r u n a i ; i p e n r i n c . , ,i n f i n a l , l - a v o t a t ; i ca Pc willhic. r\ccst aspectal contacrclrlrpcrsonalca fost irrrl>ortlnt m a i a l c si n c a z r r l b r r r c i l o r . I l c c ' r n P e r s c l c c o n f ' r m i s m r r l r r is u n t u n l u c r u rc a r c s e i n v a g z i ? r r c rt l i n c o P i i r r i c .c - c l n r l i u p o rn r c l dc l c a e v i t a c l i s c o n f o r t r r l c s t c , la c c i r r r r i r r r r r l l it ' o P i i ,s i l f t r c t l c c e Ac c l i s c c c r e . c i n c v a c a r c n l l a r c o l l i r r i ip o l i t i r : cf c ' r r r r c ; i c , i ra t r r r cs , c hot:Iril;tc t i i r z i uc t r c i n c s ; I\ ' o t c z c l i s c n s i b i l l a i n l l t r e n g e l e p e r s o r r a l ei,n r r u c i r , c o p i l f i i r r t l , a Poltc i n v i l t r r ts i i l c c o n s i d e r e d r e p t u n g h i c lu t i l i n t c r i t o r i i l c n c c u n o s c u t e . 'l'irlirr rl curc lvcrl dc gind sd voteze crr lLooscvclt rloar l)cntnr cii r r r ' i t : r r lr r r dj r r l l ' l i c d e v i u " c s t e u n c x c n r l l r u c r o c v c n t . ,,rrltf'cl.

I { d s p l r r t r rc o r r l i r r rn i s r r r r r l r r i I h c i i c i ' c v u c c t l c r r z .iirir f i r l a r r ' c i i . l l r r c . t c Pcrs'nalc atu.ci ci'cl t r c I l r r i cs J s c t l c c i t k i c r r c i r r c v ( , t c l r / . i r i, r i s P l l r tc rr ste ir'crliirtligi llcr_ s ' r r a l i r ,c c c a c c * u s c s r ) L r r ) c in cazurcccrdrii n fata unor r)oate i l r A l l t ) l c l l t cc x l ) l l s ( :i t t p r c s i t s c r i s r s l atrla rirtli'. [)acri t,r 'rrtcrial c i l \ , o t a l l ) c r ) t r r tP a r t i d t r la d ' c r s a r l l n c a r r c r i c a r r l)rctrrr(lc s a t ra r Ptrnc i' llcric,l 'iit.rul, uvcrtisr'c'trrl lrri s u n i r i r n ; l r 'bal>il P'ate ' s a ui ' c l c p : l r t a t .l ) r r r c r u c :iig i s [ ) a l l ca c c r i r g i r u c r u t r n v c c l ' , a c c s t at c p ( ) i l t c , , l ) c ( l c 1 l s ii"r . ' c d i a t l)c.t^l irscnsillilirarca salrpcntnr rcz.is_ t c n l a t i r : s c r x ) i r t cr r i t ar r r i t t i n c , s c sc r)()atc Pr.tc intrisrlr, rirlicir sJ cr lt c s i r r r l i z . r r a tN l l l c c c ,[ l c i i r r < 1 . - rs . l:rrcrirrrr r ' i r r s i ls a , i c r c z . c 1rlr< x r ttc s a t rs r It l c s c r i cl i l l s r r r i r c ' i i t . a r c , i , - , t i r r r lc l c ' l l r r r r l c l i i r r g .tl, i r r c tc l x ) i l t c f i l c c s : l l c s i r r r ; i; r c l o c . . S i g r rc r d t o i l t c i r ( j c s t c rl r i r c t l i n c o n t : r c t c l cp c r s o n a l co i n f l t r c r r l i l t t u t t t a i l)tlfcrlllcll l ) c l l t r l t o r t t t t c n i ic i r r c r 1 r , vrr l r s r i r i l n r i i r r ir r c i r l i ' i r r 1 i . l i x i s t : t. 5 . i anrcni c:[r'rr lc s : r r l c . ' . c . r r l i r r r r r i p t i ,t l a r i ' c ' . t l i i i i lllrrcc n'rnralc ci c'nstituic, prrrlabir,'nrirroritatc rcstri'si. Dc citc ori pr'paganclacxcrcitatiidc o artii estc I)crccr)r-rtt l)crsoirnri ca ., cxr)rcs l c 1 lt c r d i n t c l ' r P r c v r r l c n t c l l l c u n u i g r t r P ,c a a r c n r a i r . u l t c q i r n s c d c c i i t r r r c t l i i l cf i l r r ' a l c s i i s c i ' r P r n r i crr s.cccs, gratic rcc,nrpc.s c l o rs . c i a l c l ) c c a r c l c i r r r l l l i c dI . a t i rc c d c c l i r r a , l c . ' r c i c c a r cr l i r s t l ) c t t r ' l { r x r s c v c l tp i r r d 1 l cl a r r r i j r ' c L rc l a r r r P a r i c i,;, A r r r{ ' s t t r c c i i ' d 'rii gtiu clcnr'cratil;i crctl c:i l{.oscvcrt a f < l s tr r n p r c p c c r i . t cl > u ' .

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( ) t ' c r r c r ci r t r c r r r r r r r i ' i r s t c , r i ' r r t c i l r t c r c s i r tr ir i c : r r c g c r i . .[ . s t r ) c r x ) r . l r i r ip i i ' i i r as f i r ; i r r r rr r r i' c r . r r r r r r i c p i a P r i l - a v o t a rp c w i i l k i e : ,,("/tiar azi-r/itttittra/rr unt r/isnnu p,/itir-i at ,,t arttc. o,rt r/r rtfuri. l,-l ' s r ) . . c c r rl r l i r c c r i l cv ( ) r r ) r c r A cr r r : r i I r i r r cr r a c i i ' i ^ c \ \ / i l r k i c r l r p r r t c r c ; ; rc r i c l i r 1 > r r r D is sd r r c t i n i i i r r i r f i r r a n r z r l o i t r r r rri{ .o o s c v c r t i l ( r r n i i[ ) r c a lrrrltii r).tcrc. N-ar trcb'i sii rrrai candidczcpi pcnt^r.r rrcilca nrirntlat'" sc parc c:i ar'icrrl ci ii prezcntasc, r a ' i d , c a t a r r g r r ld e argrllrcr)tc rcprrrrlicarrg c i i r f < r s ts u r i c i c r r tt r c c,lrvirrglit.r ca srl_r . l l i i r r ' l v ( ) t a l ,t n v ( , t c i t r c< l s c i l r r s c r ) c t ( ) tr ) i l r c r r r r , , l c , , , , , 1 r , , , r ic i .r c ir rc r - l c r c rc r i i r t j t r t l c c i r t i irl c c s t l r i i . r f i i c r r t - .s r ls c l r . t r i r a s c d . .lrcrcdcrcir ilr lltrnctrrrdc 'etrcrc al artcr .se f)crs();rlc r)oatc(riltora p r c s t i g i r r l r r.ic c s t c i a ,c a g i p r a t r z i r r i l i r i r i i a c e c ac e a r e e a r r c s r ) l r s sall r c l c v a r r l c i l i r t i tt l c i ' r c r c s c r c p c r s r a . c i i r r r l l r i c a r cr., , s t cc v i c r c . t c i i , i t l t ( , a t cl l r o t : c s c l c < l ci n f i r r c r r l l l n , r c s t i g i r rjlr x r c i lr r n r o l c o r r s i t l c n r l l i l . (irirdrrlrlc c,rrfirrr'itrrtc c . s t cc r r : r t i t n r i r in r i r r cc , c i t c s t c r r * r i inarr i n g n l l l t r l r c s P c c t i r ' p r c s t i g i rc r lc l r r ic a r cv r c a s l i - g i c\crcitc inllrcnta. I)lauzilrilitirtca c . . s c c i n t c l . r p r c z c n t a t cd c e r v a p i i r e ag i mai marc t J a c i i . c l i v i t l r r lc s t c . ( r ) e s i q r r rc r g i c a n a l c l c 'crs,arrii ir'llrlrrantir. rrrcdi. srrt csc.lialc trir ircclrst:i a P c r s P c c t i v : rs . )1 l < l r i r c i .crctrcrii ; r r i n l l r c s r i g i r ru l rrrrrrrito cr( ) n t r l c t c pcrsonalc : r r i r s tc l l r r i i rn c a z . utlr r r r r ' ' f c r d c c i r r r i r n . c a r c s - ar J z g i r r r r i ? r n f i r v ' a r e ar u i w i i l k i c ' c l r t r L r cli r r unei firnrcii fiictrse ' r c a c d i n r c l c s t i n r i r r r ia o ' o a r e . -s l i i - rc r n v i n g l i i t t a c c i t s t i< i lircclic. A n r a i l i r s t ; i c a z t r lr r r r c c i asrricc t l c v i i r s t rr i nc<lic. c t t l r t r g i r rc , i r r c ,d i ' n r r r i p i . : l i . s c l . r t c r r r r r r i c , i ir l u c r r t i cc a'rrrt sri_l \ ' ( ) t c l . c1 l c w i l l h i c , a r l c v c r r i r . c s i g t r r r r i r r . c t . r r r r l r i c ; ; i i ' t . i r r . rr _ r r v ( ) t ; r rr ) c l { . , s c v e l t . [ ' , a l - a P r i r r i s ip t c wiilkic trin carrza afirnratiir'r rur()r o a l ) r c ' i p c c u r c i i c . n s i t l c r aa r r t ' r i r d t i n n r i l t .r , i c : , , A n rt l i s c t r t a r c u u n . s / a r / t rr l i r r( _ l : r s c ,l c v c l a n < 1 . (l i u r s t u d c n I i i s u r . tc t lt llooscvclr, t ccrrrrst.rcliiA I ) c . t . r r : ; ic : li r i r r f i r p t r r i r r . n r l t t i r i' . r r l i t p i t u u t t , t t t r/itt ()hirqgorutt' c.frat/r iu/t,,,.t,/ d/D/i/i/z),;i cl .u prca crcrrdcircrl \\,illkic c t t n t i p s u f i c i c n t r l c t i r r cc a s i i g i n i i i n f r i u p o l i t i c ac x t c r n d . , , Itcrsu,.rsilrr rerr firrl convin$ere in slir5it, r:olrtirctclc l l c r s o n a l cp o t a c l u c cr r n i r l c g . J t olra u r . n cl:i r r a sr'r-i ul'cctc:zc dcl,c intelcgcrca Prrlrlcrrrclorlcgatc tlc alcgcri - ocr.rr cc rrrcdiilc lirrnralcrareoripot face. Ziarul,rcvisrasau ratlirnrltrcbrric srillc irr prinrul rintl cficicntc in nroditjcarca a r i r u t l i n i l o r .A u l i r s r r r r r rr irrrrltc t;irzrrr ci l r r r c r l c v o t u r i d l t e r r r rp c l t i r z a t c n r e k r rc l t . z . l l l i t r r t c r r i c i c l r i a r s e i l n r r l p c r s o n a l i r r t t r i l c dc i;i trinind c r r n t J i d i r r i l olr).c l i r P t , accstc v'trrri nrr au f..st date candida;il'r, ci, ca silsl)uneln a;;a, prietcrrilrrralcgritorilor: ,,Anfostdur ln anu rleun nruncitor care a insistar stl ttrcrg $i ctt"i ,,I)oatttna /a carv lua.eza antt sri tsotex. N|-a drrs la ttrrrc si t tt lolii i-au aoht pe npulilirani, a,for.rii-an volal eu.,, l;i l ) c s c u r t , i n l i u c n t a p e r s o n l r l rc , u tc,:ltc n u a r r l c l cc i < l ca l l ' c l i r r n c pi dc l.ialitate pcrs'nlLl. poate aducc in rrrnc v'trrri carc,ultlcl. n-arnrai ii datc nirndnrrs i a u a r f i c l a r ep a r r i t l r r l u i a d v e r s . c a z u li l r in t ; a r ea l t p r i c t c n a r i r r s i s t a i n a c e a s t {d i r c c t i c . l , l t l i f ' e r r t l e n r c t l i a firrrrralc p r i r r l r r p t u lc { i i c o n v i n g ep c o a n r c n i in c i n t e r c s a rs i i lv o t c z c i r r t r - r r n: r n r r r n i r f ' c l ,l i l r r ls l r l c c l c au n l n o t i v s u b s t l r n l i a p l c : r r t 1v r otrrl lor. NIai binc dc 25vo dintre cci care au rrrenti.rr;rt un contilc( l < l rd e a t i t u d i r r cn u a r r r c r r p i t P c r s o r r ailn l c g i t u r a ic u s c h i n r b a r e a sl-r ot'crc clr rrr<>tiv vrco tcrlrd rcalil dczlliitutri in campanic, cincl Pe rrttrrra. i 5 7 1r.l i r r t r c c c i c a r c a r r n r c r r l i o n a tr n c t l i i r f < r r r n a l c arr orrris r r s t l c l d c n r o t i v c . ( l i n d i n f l u c n t a l ) c . r . s o n i rc si t c r r r a x i r r r i i , rlcgrili t o r r r l v o t c a z i i n s l l c c i i r ll ) c n t r u l l r i c t e n , r ) u [ ) c n t r u c i r n r l i t l r r t .

Irrrplicatii prrrcticc ir.,rr-,,n a n r r r n i tf e l , r c z u l t a t u l a l e g c r i k r r ? n t l i . s t r i c t r rIli r i c c s t c c c u rrrlri bunii dovacl.ia srrccesulrri contirctelor ltrrli irr ftrtil. I)cr)tnr url ti.rP, Pr.pagardack:ctorald r c p u l l l i c r r n iilr r r c g i u n c i r f t ) s tl n r r l r , r r r i rr l c r r r o r : r r r(tlii.n r l i r t rl i r s ti n t r c b i r t i P t t t c r r t i c rtll c c i t c c l ri r r t d v c r s l t r i l o t l l r c i ii ; t i u o r r r r r c nc i i.lrc i r r ri d c i l l u n c i n p o l i r i c i l ,s r r b i c c t i ir r o p r r i - r r r r n r c l l t r o n a tc o n s i c l c r a l l in l r a i r n u l t p c p o l i t i c i c r r i il < l c a l r i cllrrblir:irpi r l c c i t P e c c i t l c r r r o t ' r r 1o i .i p i v a c l a n r c n c i a r en u v o i l r r r s r jv o t c z c .r l r r r

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s - a u ( l u s ? n l l n i r l l a u r n c i - a u n r c n l i o n a tr l r c p t c c i t n : l i i n f l t r c n g iP c a g c n l i i c l c c t o r r r l ir c l r t r l r l i c a n i n , c l ) u t . i l l ( l u - s cv r l r l r i r l c u n s u c c c s s i r r rlia r ; i i t r c r r z . rd r lc r n o c r : r l i l o r . 'lirtuq;i, corrtactclc cliscrrtat ie n a c c s tc a l l i t o ln r r t r c b r r i e ltcrsonalc c o n f un d a t c c u c l i r r t r r r i l c c c l ri l l c l o r c l c c t o r a l ep r o f c s i o n i s t cA . ccstc contactc pcrsonirlc irlt:ritrricsc ccclr cc s-irr rrtrnri cr/tipe dc atttaloti, ( : : t r cs c l l i l s c f i l ) o t ) t 1 u l : i u t r p : r r r i i l-o ri r r t l i r . ' i zc i r r t i r r r P r r< ,r i r r ct l c v i r r r l c s t r r lt l c c r r t r r z . i i r p st:ir ug r r r l l r r r s i o < ; i i r lc cu r c i r r c c r r r c r sir l - ii r c t i v c z . c l l o r i tt l c c i . A p r o a l l cc l l s - i r rl ) U t c as l ) u l t cc d c c a 1 l co r r p r c r ri in s c n s r r < n r i r ic f i c i c n t i ' r I r l r n r i id c l l r o p i r g t n d r-i ' i n s p c c i a li n c c c i rc c p r i v c 5 t c c t r l t i n r n l ( ) n l c n t- c s t c s l l - i , , l r s c t l i c z . ip PrtlPlrgurrtt l il r " c o a n r c n i il r c r i r ' r r l c c i z i c r l c v o t c s t c i r r c d5 o r . ' i l i c l n i c r r g lirn c i t s i r r g r r r r r cl l r t r n r i, l i b c r s d l i c c c l s p r c c a l - r i nd ac v o t . N r r ; t i n r c u n l s c d i s t r i b u i cl r u g c t u l p a r t i ( l c l o r i n r r c d i f c r i t c l c c a n a l c d c l t r o l l a g a n c l i id ,ar ltrinuint c:i , r r l ; l i c i t a t cl a r l r l i o c t c . l ) a r t c ac c : rn r a i n ) a r cs c c l r c l t u i c p c b r o g r r r ip insii rc:z,rrltrrtclc rroastrc suricrcaz.ll, sirrcina [)cntnt ccrcctlirilcviitOarc, t l c : r g i s i r i r l ) ( ) r t lc l lc l r r r a ip o t r i v i t c l i n t r cl l l r n i i c l r c l r r r i l i n r r r i r s s r n c c l i ag i c c i c l r c l t L r i lP i c r r t r uo r g u r r i z . a r c ro r c ( ) l ) t a c t c ur n l i r l i li n f i r t d , n l o l c c u l a r c "l o c a l cc a r c v i t a l i z c a z d mcdiilc forl ) c l r t r u, , P r c s i u n i l c nralc, 1>rin interPrctarcanrai pers'-rnali gi prin intreaga incdrciituril catrzckrr a ctlror l ) c c x r c r c l a l i i l c p c r s o n a l co l ) u n i n l l r o n r o v a r e a s ( ) r t r t is l c l t o t r l r i i l t ci n c r r r s r rc l arulranici. i n r r l t i r n r r r r r r l i z .iirln r a l l a t < : i rr,r t . r in r r r l t c l c c i t t i c . r i c c l r l t c c ' t r , oatrrcnis i r r n tr n o I i v a 1til c r r l l io i r r r r c n i[.) a c ' . lrlir i v i r - n <lintr-o l)crsl)cct i v i l c t i c r i l l r . l r l c r r r c l cs . c i u l c s c r i ' l s c l ) c ( : i l r cl c r i t l i c r lp r o l l i r g r r n t l l r , i l c c s t rc l s t c l t n i t s l ) c c t l l i t i l t o rt l c s P c r a n l d . ' l ' i r l x l f t t , ! a ra cr c s U S l i r ) r i t o r i i c c i n l i r i c n t r . r ; 1 . i a;lit ic i r r c l ) o a t c n r o b i l i z an r a s , : l c intr-un r)rod p r o f c s i o n i s ta r c $ ' J n s e n r a i r n a r id c s u c c e s .
Cnpitolul I 'l'orrte l, cclc patrrrgrrrprrri arrfost initial cleaprt> pe xinrativ600 cleoanreni.Dar in orice studiu l>azat aplicarea unor chestionare repctatd 5i pe inten,ievxrerr se pune problcnra,,nrortalittr;ii". Accastainseanrnl ci vor existaintotderrrrna momente cind vir fi impopc trnii clintre srrbicc;iino5tri lr sitril sil-i contacttrnr intcrvirrriconsecutivc. in cazul de fatI, nrortllitirlcu strrdiultris-a datoratcitorva oameni care nrr arr mai vnlt sil fie intervicvagi din nou, unora care arr fost te mporarnedisponibili din cauzaunei boli sau a vrerrrrei c',llrttorii rltorl cirrc s-nr mutxt definiriv si, in sflirsit, din locrlitlte sarr rrurnrrrit. clrirrr S-urrlilctrtto:ltccfort r t r i l cr l c a r n c n t i n cn r o r t r l i t r t c a l l i n t l i c i r r r i n i n r ii.r r rnnjorit'.rtea c'.rz-trrilor carc au l)rez.clrtilt dificrrltLtti, sttPrrtvcghctorrrl dc lcrcn trinccrcrrt srlrcciliPcrs0nal ligc crxrpcrarcr subiectulrri in carrz.I. In nrrrltccuzrrri, strbiccgii carc nu prrtcauli contacta;il:r rrnrrldintre intervittri eratt preluali ulterior la rrrrnltorul val de intrcbilri.in gruptrle$anti()n, cnzurilede rlisprirrr;i la c c l c p a p t ci n t e r v i t r ra i u l o s t m e n l i n r r t ei n l i m i t a d c 147o,ceezt ce s-a rlovcrlit a fi rcrnlrc'lbil dc pu1in, rvind irr vctlerecxpcrienlrr invcstigirtorikrr rrltcriori. AnlIiz.atrilsiltIIriIor crrracteristicc crrz.trri lor rle rlispilrtrli r dentonstrat. cl numtrrulcelor piertlugi l)c l)ilrcurs a fost atlt de mic, incit inllrrcnF klr in misc.Jrile tlc an(()ludct, Flaz.cl; sarnl>lu a frrsr,practic,dc neobservar.

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JIQ / ,llaani.runl tvtultti '!/teJuunn/tfApp/iul \\'ifs.n, 1,,.(1.,,.\\'lrrr llsc:rpcs tht: l)crs..ll lnvcstigrrt.r?,,, l'.r.ylr,t/ogs,, XX tV, 6 tlce. l(),1(). 77 J'-777) Z . l , ) o v l r t l :l r ;rlttrrltr ci; l i t t t c n ' i r r r i l c rcl)ctllte nu ilu xl'cctilr t. c z r r l t a t c ls ct r r r l i r r l r rv i r rl i f l t c r r t li lr r t r - ol r r c r a r c scl)ltriltil. 3 . . S p c r : r n 1litr( ) : l s t r c i ls t c c l r r s t l c . rll c s t r r d i iv o r l i P o s i l r i l c l)cntnt toll(c llcgcrilc vritrurre. Oorrtlxrraiiilc pc o llcrioirtllnrxi nrarcar spori rlrlt r,:rlrxrrcrr < t r i c : I r tttc r l t t l t i l l c i r r t l i v i r l r r : r lIc ). c a c c c l rc , r c t l c r lc r l l c s t c c l r z r rs l l l r c l l l r r 1 1tiirc 1i citcr':r corrsirlcr:r1ii rcfcritoarc lir tiprrl rlc irnbrrnrirrlliri c:rre, privirrclrctrqs [ ) c c t . l tr'r , rl i t l c :< l o r i it r t I l s t l c ld c s t t t t l i p i i r r r c ll.) c 5 i r r o iu 1 1r c r r l i z rs lptc iltcrrt v i r r r ic r r g r t r p r r l n o s t r r rp , c v i i t o r v l f i s r r f i c i e ns - unul t:lftrct:m n u n r : r ir ) l r t f u i n : r i n t ct l c c o r r v c n t i i l c r r n r r l c l r i r r r d r r p i l c l c , r r n r r l i n a j r r n r r l rlcgcrilor Parri<lclor, s i r l l t i t n r t lc , l r i l r t l r r p rz i i r r rtrl c g c r i l o r . l,lcononriilc :icrrtc i n l c l r r l: r c c s t 1 al r plto:r fl lirlositc (c rr r r r n : r r u l l ( ) ri n ( c n , i c v : r ltu i c c l t ) l t t i n( ) 1 1 r c A l ) c n t r u: l r i r l i < :r . rrrlli cxi:i(ittfi ttttclc rczrtl(a(c stlltisticcnr:rr tlctuliirtc, l)c cltrc rilt lc-anl l)iltUt li)losi itt lrrcz.ctltul stllditl l)cltlnt cJ tliagr:rnrclc ncccsilrcnc-lrtrrctlrrsll rrn tttrnrllr (Jit privcptc intcrvirrrilc cu alcgiitoriirno[ili, ar fl rlc d6rrt Prca tnic de cazttri. ca o tchnicil nlai sofisricxrd a stucliului dc cirzsltaflc rnai mulre desl)rcoriginca accstora, crr 5i rlcsprc situatiilcsJrccificc 5i pcrsonalitatr:a in crrc arr srrrvcnit ( j.i r i t o r t r lv a t l c s c o p c r c schirrrlrilrilc i itcvu irnlrrrrrlrJlir sip c c i l i c ci r r r l i c r t c in i l n t l l t t l ( cl ) t l n c t ca l c t c x t t t l t r i(. l c i r t r r a i t r r l x r r i u n t l n t r cc l c 1 r l i 1 1 n di i srrrrlir rr rriri t l c t a l i i r t l c s l t r cr o l t r lc o t t t i t c t c l o I ).c l s e r n c n c r ,p c v i i t . l r i r r t r c b u is r l [r )crsonirlc a c l t t t r J tn t tt a i t t t r t l tn r l t c r i i r d l cscriptiv tlcsprc c i r r n p i r r rlira r c u liJ n : r n s i r n r l r5 lu ii 1 sPccial dcsPre 1111x1111 irt clrc or;i:rrriz.utiilc politicc lr'*rlc chclrrricst. bani' con)l)ortrrrrrcrrtrrltri l)rccttnr5i,ollscrvltii gcttcrllc irsttl)rir p:lrticil)llnlil()r t, inrr,,n r r i l cl o , c : r l c . sliri;it, in : r r1 lr r t i l c ; i r n u in r r r l t c irrfirrrn:rr 1k i i: s p r c cci c:rrc a r rl i r s t l t r t l t c c r r v i n t ci,n c c c i rc c - i r r c r i v i n t i n r l l u lc i r r r r P l n i c ( i. p c l l c gttonr Privcste nostri,rclrnica:lcc'Jsr.rl a lirstincrrnrrnxtr gi nrcrrtJsr fie..rPlicrrr:l dc slrccos pi Pe o baz-J nrli lurAl; totrr$i, rcgrc(llnlctI,rlin clrrzalipsci rlc fonduri,nu anr l)rrntto srrPlirrrcntr cu rniri nrrrlrc irrfirrrrrrrlii dcsprc rcgrrrrrcrr slrccilic:lirr c:rrc s-rr t l c s lJ 5 t r r . tc ti u t y ) : r n r i l .

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(blrrrlbi;r.|()43. llrtings", in Ntostellcr, 3. Vczi l;rc<lcrick ,,'l'he llcliatrilitv0f llrtcrvicrvcrs Publn'Opinion' I'rinccton [Jtrrvcrsityl'rcss' lfrrtllcv ()rrrrtrill(cd.), Oaugrng de Archilnl<l(ltosslcv' <:t 5i cxpcritnentclere:rliz:ttc 194,1, iludiclllci rcvis(clor desprc monit<lrizarca 4. Yeti mai llcs strl'rlimcntul <lc/.y'r. cclitrrt dttpl lltctlir strtttt.5.l.,xisrl nrrrlteposiltilirlli de a-i cllsifica 1rc0'.trnctti O6rclalil medic itrtrc astlbldc indici estc irr jtrr <lc tgltri l9r s()cl()-c(:olt()tnrc. rclaliilorctt alte variirbilc in privirrl.'.r sunr inrcr$anjabili 0,(r.l)e <r[ricci,:rcc5tia (jg rrltccrryiltc. rnirjqritrtcit tcest()rintlici nc-:rrafJtdaccel$ir':lirlicitltrc sCittrttrrl s<xi<r-cctttttttnic \;i l'ot, (r. l;()krsirnl)cntnt it('exsrd ciliele oblitttttc lrt intcrvtrrl tlitl tlr:tr. annliz.:I sc mell[lne rez,rrlUt Acelrr5i dislltlnibile. rlrt6ritrlnutnilrttlttirndimare de cirzuri c,t conrlrinatc, seplratsau clecontrol,lrrate pelttill c$xntionii pentru grrrptrrile electorrtl:l' 5i pcntrtt ficcarcperioadrdin canrpania tl ci rcprczttttri in lceast{ cllsific:rrc, l)entrllc'.1 7. licrrnicrii nu sUntinclrrSi vot:lt i-atl tlc l:r orrnrcrtii c:l [rrl s-a dovedit .1.,rrt..ln tccs( s(rrdiU, Prolllcrrl1l clin srrnrlrrskv. nrai mlrc tlccit p0Pul.rlia intr<r Pr0P()r1ie pc rcPrrlllicrrni

PROPORTIA REPUBLICANILOR
Fermiei Non-tetmieri
69%

C UI N T E N T I I T O T A L UC LE I , O R DE VOT(MAl) FERME
Fermiei 62 89 92 Non-larmieri 276 472 426

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66% 581"

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38

Capit()lulIII l. l',stimlrilc anclrctatorikrr ac()l)c'rr\ rlc firPtrlorrr p:rrrurrcl)tc:A, ll, C si l). I t t : t t t r tc t l lt r t i rt irtttlt c l cj t t n r i l t a t c (:ll, i - i r r rs tlinerzrrri:tr r t r : r itt r c i l t c f l ( ) r ; in rr r l t c l u sific:rt pc accltisul)iccfi p r r r5 i s i r n J r l u pc lrrrzr irrtrcbrlri I ir i v i r r r lp o s c s i rrrr r r r r i t c l c l i r n ,c i t \ i l ) t { i t c n t : r s t { c l o d i s t r i l l r r r rrc u ; r ic r r r r v c r l r l l i l l ;trr r r r n c r ri) ( ) r l s t r c ( ) l r r r c r r i ir l c t i p r r lo , p o s c s o rtil c t c l c l i r n , ilu f()sr n u m i l i ( j + , i : r r o u m c n ir ilc tilr (i f iiril tclcfirn vor aPrlrca ca O-.

(il l 1 i i r l c t i t l c r ( l i t i t o r t r l r r t l t r c l r t t i cs r l l i c s r l r p r i n s cll uvclll5i rrltrncitor clirsillcrrc SliS. Acc:rstrl rlin vnrf,in ternrcrriinivclrrltri rrricrii)lrrintrc cei 17Vo itrtPtcorll5el, inclttzritrd ttntri ule stlndardckrrcurcntc rr lirst fJcutil irr caclrrrl jrrrirnilc s a l er r r r a l c . !,xisril, {csigrrr,o cgrellre viz.i[ih intre niycltrl Sl')S5i tiprrl tlt: txttpitltc: Ll nivelrrrilcA ti ll, tl\Vo <lin oamcni ru ocrrpafii',irrirltc".irrr la r)rifctic:r(:\. tl%' irl plrrs'cxistil$i dil'ercnlein crtlrtrl ct:l.r d.ttrl Srtrl)llrr' rrivclrrll ), ntrrrtai i : r t l l n rp c s p c c i r r n r a ir i t l r c l ta l g r l l p l l l l l ic t t < r t t p : t t i c , , i n : r l t i " l . , r n i v c l r r lS l , ) S al lcelrrilsi grrrP. scllz.tt! ttrti ll nivclrrl li5ti,in tirtrp cc frrlclionarii sc situeaz;l clc tltttttgrtrptllrrr ll Sl'lS lnaiinalt se tflil pe nivclrrl crrlificali l,rr I'el,ncgtrstorii josrrl scllci, irr nccalillcalialttnecl citori, irr tintp cc ltrcr{trtrii

212 I 'llr,ani.rnt/ wttulrti co n t r o li s - r t t g t l . ( i r r r P r l l r r i t lc t - l ta ts cc:i(i cn t r c l ) i t riin r r c t o r n l r r i i ca , rg r t r p r r l r r i l)ancl,in rrricr'bric. l;igrrra5 ir.rrircclc tlrrr:Igrrrprrri c.nrbin:rtc. 9' [):rc'.I cstc a(lcvdr:lt, citt()licii tlirr.Srrtl :rrrtcntlingu dc a-i vota nririnrllt pc relrrrblicnrri <lt:ciit (AsttLl<lcrjir(c:rrtcstarrt.c:rstJ srrdiyti. Prorcsrangii illrrtezJ.) 10.()blincnr acel:t;irczttltlr tJitcrl sturtrtrrl ecorrornic sc rncrrlincconstilnt, in liccarc grttp ccottotrticr rn:riin viirstilsrrnt rnai rcPrrblicrrrri, l)rotcstilntii i:rr crrttrlicii nr:rivi'irstnici, rnui dcrrr<rcrr1i. Currr crluc:r1irr cstc a5rr rlc srrirrslcttrrrrl t l c v i i r s t i li l l S t i l l c l c l l r r i t c - t i r r c r i is r r r r rr r r l i t ' t l r r r . i r r l il c c i l t l l r l t r i r r i i g , r:r;ic <rl i nr r l t i r l r ia i t t ii r t s i s t c t t r t S -, irccst t l c o l i l op Prrlgrcsclo rrrlllice rcrlltlrtp<xrrc Ii a f c c t : rd t c dilcrcrr;clc dc ctluca;ic.'lirtrrii i , d i f e r c n l c l ci n t l r r s c d c ' i i r s r i ls c p d s trca;/.iI, chiar;ii h lccliri;inivcl cduca;ional (in nrilsuru irr clre rrc l)lrtcrl l):1,/;l l)e ciflrclcnflrrtelir dislxrz.ilirr noastrit). ll. Arn orrris r r l c n t i f i c a r cs lr ocialr crl i n r c c a s t rc o r c l : r r cl,l c n t r r rc r l 1 s c s t c ccca cc sc rl dc obicci rlrcPtc:rractcristicrl dc llaz.rt, ci cstc nrli dcrnrltrlo 0titu_ dinc tlcrivatildin accsrctrib^iltrrri. 12.Ycr.iA.cxa lJ r)cnrru. descricrcnrrridctarilrr arrrcestrri indcx.

Atotc | 2 l.i lor,in cadrtrlttnciadintre nriile rcl:rf iilc spc:cilicc rlintre tabcrc 5i argumentele ca $i pentrtt esantiollllln(tstrtl, rnujrrrcrlc rcli'rin1I,s-arrdovedit r fi accleagi jtrstificngi, sil inclttdcnr cttnsccingil, in rlc control.Nc-am sinrgit l)cntnr gnrl)rtrilc clort'J setttridc date. irr trbclrrrilc noirstrc cgal tle c<tmentrriide ll grrrptrl i,r u,rr., iun ilvrtt ttn ntrmir aproxinrativ tlcSi clc alt'.r, de control, 1.le o p:rrtc.pi dc lrrccle dotrrlgrrrprtri clrrrrtion. ;lc <1,,: (r(X) .2(X). tlc lrr 1 provinc nl doile r tle rxttncni. irtr rl sct rlc <orrrc de h nturii Irrinrr r l r r r t c x p l i c r r l ilil c l l t n r n c e s tl t t c r r r[,J n ; r dirrclc cstccrlitttcrvitrrilctr l,)ristd rrrcrrrllriicsrlntionuluiarr fost cfectttatecu rnni murc irtcnlic pi, de lccca, pcntnr ficcareinterviuestemai mare.lvlai mttlt, epantlc corncntarii rrrrrnilrrrl adic{ oameni care gi-attschinrbatintengiaelectorald tiorrrrlconlinc oscilarrgi, doardoud interttndes-aurealizrrt ori;in grupurilede control, dc ccl prrlirrclouil virrri ctr llccrrrcsrrbiccr, nimcni nu r l)lrtut inregistrumli mrrlt de o singtrril sclrirnbitrc. (litrrrclc(l:rte ctr mcrttlrriic$:lntionttltti. in (cxt sunt prclrrate din intcrvirrrile pttterrli pe drept ctrvint publice rr 2. I{clcririlc lr cheltuieli9i la datoriilc progrlmul alc la alte misuri rle reformrl rrt;rcrrri irrdirecte la strcinl considcrirtc tri i m J r l i c nte. p u n c t t r l v e < l c r e c h e l t t r i e l i k r r prrliticii v r r l n c r r b i l e d i n d e r l Nev'l)ea/, 'lirtrrgi, clersilltle clrsrl, tstfcl inclt urr firstonriscrlintre argttnrcrrtclc ilccstci.l cilrcrlva rilrrrirrc dcstul dc rigidl. I)rintrerepubliclni,astfeldc relcrirt[eiltt ft)st decritargttnre ntclc dc clirs{;dc accca cu al)roilpctloui cincinrinrli nttmerousc ar trcbrti relinttr. in ceeace-i privc5te, crrrlcterrrl krr probabilclc clasil, .]. Nl:ri tlrz.iuvont vorbi despreclectoratrrl nrobil reptrlllicangi cletnt^.^rlt, 'Juol)crat()schinrlrlrc rlcscrrrrrirrtlrr-r crrrc tliutrc lccstc cci irr llvoarcirttttttiir Pc: I In alcgrtornrobil republicln,tle pildJ. ur l)utca Parcttrgc oritrtrc tlrrril prrrtirlc. ( l i n t r c r r n n r l ( ( ) rtiri c i l l l g i : d c l u t l e m o c r l l iI n r e p r r b l i c a ntil,c l l , , n c l r < r t : l r i tlir"r srrrr tlc la dcrnrrcrirli rcprrlrlicrrni lil ,,nelrotNleli". 'l'hcrxkrrc 4. Singrrrlexccl)[ic l:rinccptttul rrf<rst adnrinistralia lui l{txrscvclt. sccolrrltri. Ar fi fost interesantde aflat cum s-ar li rilsprrnsatunci intrcb{rii dar ccl pugin l'lltem spcm ctr,atunci n()rstre. Desigur cI nrr vom gciniciodatd, cind viitoarele alegerivor ridica noi pr<lblenre, cercetittoruldin $tiintele srcialc vir gi\si rlporrte l)rculn ccl de fagi, utile retrospectiv. .5.Nlfsrrrl in carecarierelc si identificlrilccandidalilorin$isiau contribrrit rlistincliein 1940este o problenrrl serioasil. l:r nccustrl Accst aspcctar putca fi (cstlt rrlteriur, clel:orind nrli mrrltetcstc,dc l:rcxprcsiarrnorirrtcrcscingrrstc pirrrl la cxprcsiacelormai larg,i interese. Dc pildi, subieclikrrli s-arlruteaccrc sI irrclicc prcstigiulrelativpecrreil :.rtribuic unor personn.ic rlin gtrvcrns'ltrdin Irrnrcrr :rlirccrrlor. Sau s-irr[)utea verificl disponibilitatcclor pentrtt lcctrrril. ptttcir in vialrrlor dc problcrnclccotidiene.Sltt li s-rrr l)cr)truir irllrrrolrrljrrcrrt

Cupitoh.rl lV l. [)our tigrrrr dic s r r b i c c ;n . ic - a r r cxplicirn t l o t i v c l es c h i n r I d r i i n t c n ; i c il 6 r clcctorrlc l'c dc o [)rr!e,art f(]stn)clnl)riicSrrrrtionrrlrri nostru.lntcrvalrrlnrcdiu dc tinrJrtlintrc trrr intcrviu qiischinrb:rica proprirr-zis:i a fosr dc dlurl sirrr(rcr srlptJrniini. I)c;rccc', accs;ti srrbiccgi v'rrrcrrrr trcsPrco cxPcricnl:Irrcstrrr rlc rccclrt:I. Itc tlc illtl Itiltlc,xll li)\t grtll)ttrilc tlc conrrol, ilr iricisirp;r1iu cstc,psilrg, r a iP r r l i ns x t i s [ : r c i l r ( ) ri r k r g i cv o r b i r r dn . r i r n r rg nc p l r u p t l c c o p r r ( )llr p , - . , , . . r , , , cxJrlicalii schirnlr:lrii. Privitltltrtotivclc Al thrilcrr gnrp <lccorrrrol ir f<rsr c6csti6rrar in lttlliriltltitlst'. irtttc eclc tlotrJintcrvirrri sc scrrrscscnl trci ltrni.Al trcilcrr grrr' dc ctrtlttol a lirstitttcrvicviltin trctornlrric, cccrlcc irrscarnrril cll urrclcschitrrllrrr s-lr li Ptrtttr i r r c rt l i n r t r t n J c u g r r s lc Petrcce rrni. A i c i c s t c n r u ip r o l l l r i l c i r r r n c l c considercltte din rrhirrtcle lhz.c rrlccrrnrplnrci sil sc fi substituitnrotivc6r rcllc d i n r n r m c n t r r ls c h i n r l u r i iP . e n r r up r i n c i p : r r c lte i p r r r id c a r B r r ' e n t c ( m ' t i v c l e ccorrornicc, rdzlroirrl, ccl dc-al trcilcarnanrhr)rrrfi, l5:rclar, n.:justiflc:rt sirne inspirJrn din crtnsitlcrlrJiilc f;le tttc pc scarnrr grrrpurikrr rlc control. Srrnt, intr-edcvrlr<Jilcren;c llt[x)rtlllltc in l'rccvcrt;ir ctr cilrc itl)itrllccstcargurncntc. l'trcrtrrilc s t r r rllr l t l c ll t t t n c i c i r r t l i r l u r r g c nlr l rr r r r l n g c tlc [<rrrnrrllr cr l t c irr ri.rrrl llccrlrciz.nc. L)ircdrrn srrbicct, dc cxcnrPla,irlcgc slI'rrrbcrrscrl tlcsPrc m ( ) t r v cc c o n o r i l i c c ; il i r l 0 s c g r c , , a r g u r n c r ro tr un l r r l r rs i i l r a c , ,r,r u a v c r n n i c i r r r t nro(iv sl susl)cc(rlnr cJ sclcctiu s|cciflcrl oltcnrt:Iclc cl ar fj inflrrcnclrtt<lc m()rlcr)tltl irr crrrc s-a l)ctrc(ut sclrinrb:rrsa tlc intcnlic clr:ctoraLl. [)c lirnt.

Z l,l / tllnnui.snu/ uolului ilrilt:l () rnrirgirrc crr o adrrnlrrc tlc rxlrncrri si li s-lr cerc s:I intlicc cc rcprczintll g r c n t r rc r i ( i r r r r l c c rc r : I r r n i ir r p r r t c ni d c n t i f i c l r r n n r i t i n gp o l i r i c ) . ( r .l ) c t r t r t ld c t ; r l i ip r i v i r r t c l o r r s r n r i r crrrrt : c s t rir i < l c xi r l r r c o r t l r r l r n crtir l i c c a r c t:rlrJnl,r'czi Arrcxirli: ,,lrrtlcrul ircortlulrri crr urttrnrcltclc liccrrci trr[crc". Oapitolul \/ll

l\'ott / -'15

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Clpitolrrl V l. () rrrr.rlrz r ctoriuli lh l l t l r l c r i t c k r r n l s r r r i l t oa i c irrtcrcs r il e g r a d u l r rd girlc lrctlvt t :ttc \/il 1tl):\rc:t irrtr-0 | ttcrlrc scl)ilr..ttll. r tlcscricrc 2 . V c z i A r r c r l l | , p c r r r r ro r l c t i r l i l t rrll i t c c s r ( ) ir ntlcxrrri. . 1 .( l i r i t o r r r li t t t c r c s i t(tl c s t r t r s t r cv i l i n t c l c g cr : l r l i l c r c r r t c l c t l c v i i r s r ;s l -:rr c s t ( ) l l l ) i lc l t t ( ) t u lt l : r c :r l r r rl r r nl r r ai r r c o l r s i t l c r r rlrlc t o r r r lc t l r r c a l i cA . c c s tl r r c r r r s ( :l ) ( ) r l t c vctlcl rccalcttlirtt pl r o l l o r l i a strtricc;rlo l i r l r r ci r r t c r c s r r li ir,r < l i l c r c rrrltc nivclul lorctlrrcatiorurl. 4. ljolosint sontlrrjtrltlin lurrrr ntrripcntru ilcc0stil irn:rliz-li, rlcolrccc nc ofcril tln nllltl:ir trtitittltrc dc strllicc;icu cilrcsrllrrcrilln. l{ezrrltutrrl irr li, tottrsi, ircclli;i i-;trn p c : t c c it r t c r n l r ri ir ic 5 r r n t i r l r r t r l r r l o stil r x t r i ; it l a c : I cl irrrri c r ,lcfirpt, n t t : t 1v o t i r r . . 5 .i t t l r n s : r r t t l r lrttrt,t c l t c t u t < t r irir 5 t r kix r t l rc , ; rA n r p , u r rl i r s tc r r p r r I r s i l:rl - i t l c n t i f j c c I r i r t cp c r c z . i t l c n l r i il i s t r i c t r r l rlr' i, r i c ; (ll s r r l r i r : c 1 i i ,i:rcc5tia rrrr f i r s rr l c i t c ( ] r ( c l l r s i l l c r rc t ia l i < l c rti l c o l l i r r i cl ) c \ c i l r i r n():rs(c r irl : l ur r r c r r r l l irri r f l r r c n r a ii rcsl)cctrvclorgruprtrr soci:rlc.

ca a lirstcltllog:rtrIlic lrr acestcschinll).Jri, :t c(]ntbinat o l)crsoani.l l. [)acr,l cil, cllt'l tincr"'t:t ittrt::rtlttril As(:r prol)ritl-7.i$i. ntoltili fic lr rrlcg:ltorii oscilrilrti, rr lirst lrot;lr:tt Dircil oscllant. a considcfat ftrst 0scilirt, lilsr sigur l)c cl si irPoia illcgJtor considcrat rt lost vgt, de intenlia scftimbat final sarra 6scilirtSi in $i-a propritt-z.is. nrolriI 2. Drrtclc: Procenlul celor allati Prccenlul sub utl tip de Presiuni Totalul celor loarle sau sub de cazui conllictuale interesali nici unul 196 79"/" 43/" Constanli 41 71"/" 29"/" indecigi Oscilanfi 109 58y" 21"/" Aleqatoridecigi 15 400/" 2Qo/" Oscilanliintre Partide 30 33"A 17"/" AlegdtorimobiliProPriu-zi9i ttrltti sitrgttr l:r oscilrrrrtii cortstrttlli cc trcccnt tle ll rrlegrltorii .1.I)c nrrisrrftl clcvlttc c o n l l i c tttllc l i r c t o r t t l t l r t t t : l i t t t r c I r c s i t t t l i l t r r l r r o s c r l r l r r l i i rrrrrtit sl i l)arti(lc, tttttt A;ir ittlport:ttrl trtrri itrtt:rcs illr ftlct()rttl 1'rttlitt tlilr t.c irr cc rtlri ilrp11rtrllt, (loi cci rcPrcT.cntin(l scclirrnidin mijlrr, orizontltlc, l;igrrr:r zrl (cclc rlorr:l :rr;rrrl intercs dintrc $i Prcsitrnilc unul cu alttrl),raportttl t'lctori trllrrtiin rlezacortl de 5 lrt I pcrllrtl oscrconllictrralcr lost de 7 lr I pentru alcgltorii constanli, tlottil 5i de numai 2 la I pentrtr oscihntii intre cclc lanrri rrnrrisingtrr p..rrritl 'l (loi intereslll vilrillt: fhctori a a celor (lu relativtr l)irrti(le. alte cuvinte, Ptlterea rclrtttv cgnllictrtllc. prcsirrnile irrr ft)strclativ l1rli l)tttcrnicprinrrecci constrnli, nrai putcrnicc printre oscihnlii intre cele dotrJl)ilrti(lc'

Capitoltrl \/l l. l)c-rrlrrrrlirrl:rt:csr cr]rl i) i r ( ) 1 g,r r r t l r r <l l c i n t c r c sr c ; r r c z . c n t ic rs t tcprclrrrrt t l i r r P r i r n r r il r r t c r v i u( . l r i r l t c c r r v i r r t cc , s r cv o r l r l d c g r : r r l r r l , : i r r t c r c s c u c r l r cl < l c l r t t t l ts t t t l l t c c t t tiln c l t t r t J l : t t r iN c l.r r r c :rrn l r j o r i t l t c :s pri - l r rlrr c l t i r l r t rrrlrrcclilo rrivclrri l r r i l i r rtll c i r r t c r c s t r r s r ri lr r r r c g ic pc prrrr i rrrrrlxrrrii. 2 . A c e a s t :rl t : l l r t i c : t r o c a n t t t n i t ic l orcsptlntlcnc l lt l t , , t c o r i ic rl"i n r i n r g r r r r i l r rc psilrologic, clrrlxrrlrrl rlc Ktrrt Lcrvin. l,cu'in rrurJr:n, rlc cxcrnplrr, crl,tlacJrrsrrpra llrltli c()l)ilsc ilclioncxz-rl crro forltl, in vcrlcrca inclrcptltrii lui citre un llsihol<rgic iltllltlllt scr>11 tirttp. sc aclioncrz.i 5i.in itccl:tsi crr o frrrtiloprrsJrlc cg:rl{\'alorlrc, i r r r l i r c c ; i l c r ) n t n t r i ls, p r c r r - li r r t l c J r : I r t l rc r l r rr c s p c r t i v rlti n t : 1 c , l r,:r..rczolr,:r,, l i l r c r i r r r l r r - rrc lc:rrrrlrcll ci ' r t c ,l l l i r it l c g r : r l rtd lct.ltsi scirrtlrcptc in P r o b l t : r r rc .r t l i r c c l t ro t r i c r l r c ttilti n t r cc l c . ( l t r l l t c c r r v i n t c,,, r c z u l r : r n t i cti r n p r r l r r i . lc " s ci r r a l i r r r

( ) : r p i t o l uV l lll itr ltttlitttlili,in lcrtlrctrii nclrorrlriiti rliri tlctlliirtilI srrbietlilor l. O cl;rsilicarc itt octottrlrrtc: intcrvicvuli a 0anrctriltlr distribrrlic in llfl.tl{toirrcl ll)l). rcz.trltrl SCORULIPP lnlcnlta de vol in oclombno Republicana Democrata Totalulde voturi cristalizate Pulernic Moderal repurcDu_ blicani blit;ani 9 3 12 16 11 27

U$or rePu' blicani

39 18 57

t)gor democrali 10 26 36

Moderat Pul?ntic clcmo' democrali crali g 26 35 4 12 16

) l6 / tllutui\uil/

t'olu/ui

Note / 217 (/rzzr) tlc cxpurtcrccste nrai Drarc in cnzttlcclttrcarc citcscz.ilrelcrlccit in<lrrsrl irdttnrtdc noi ntl estc slllicicnt it.tcrtzttlcclor cerc rsctlltl radiotllintatcrialtll (lc test. rrrritillstf'cl l)clltilr 1ll)li(irrcu irrtirrrpl:ltor, cstc posibilca acestfenomendc incrlic in lccturl rceltrrr5i in plrte. 9i dc cazurilcde dcviirnli,aclicrdc txttncnii citrc ziirrcsrlrlcrtscrtrrr:1, plr I li, prrfial,oanlcni atlvers. Acestia rnninrrrltprolxglnda panidulrri rrrrnlrcsc opoz.iinfrrrnragiilc dirr z.iirrttl t rrrc,prinrr-osirrrplrcoincirlcntil, oblirr z.ilnicc i$i priveStc itt.cct, cc srl-l schimlrc. irrr irr tirrrgrrrr i clcctorirlc rru sc olxrscsc rnli lici, ltlvcrsarilorPar rlisctrrsurilc nlrrjorit:rtcrr cirztrriklr irr cirrc sc unnilrcsc 111liorrl, dc'.tscttltlrea sd virr:IUe la oanrcninu foarteinteresali l)rogratnelor lxlliticc de gi vorbesc candida[ii. Acest donr dacrl la retlio care sclcctea;/.tr l)ostulrespectiv echilibrat',t. asigurtr o ,,dietrl"m'.ri crrrne 5i lrresc, Irrcrrr, sI cxplicim o dctrtliercrelnirrcilnc-ar l)uteilrtjtrta Accst rlirr lrnllrirlsl)cct oanrcnii, tlttpilintcrcsttllor in citntpuni:t :r rcz.rrltatrrltri l)rrtcrn l>ilJ rrostru. inrp:Irgi g r t r l l u r i : n i v c h r l c c l r r r t ii n a l r d c i t t t c r c s ; it t c e i r c c i s i t r r r r l g r i t c l c t ' t o n r l li,r r r k r r r i l de circtritulinlirrrtrrccl rnaiscrlzrrt lcgrrtc crrrcntlrrrilcsr:l intcres.[)rcjudccJlilc i v c z i l " i g r t r l3 0 ) . slr r r r t r n r r ip r r t c r n i c e i n c a z t r lo r m c n i l o rr n a ii n t c r c s l g ( Liorr:r drrpil de o natttrilmti cotnl)lcxl.Oirrneniiintcrcs:r;i, /\ccst rczultutcstc,totttpi, , l u l tr r r t r lr i i r s c c l ) t i l )r i l ic a l l s t t l l i c c t i viir t s c l c c t l r c t n l . l t c c l l n : l r n v i l z r r rs t r t i ts sclcctarcsrll)icctivl ridicil, probabil, pi nivclrrl riulrrlrrirrrrnrrrt:tl:rr :tcc:tsttr l')stc rrurrilcs(at. intcrcstrlrri $i lcest rezultrt Incritl un studiu tnai aproftrrrdirt. pricticrllhptrrlcil oarnenii,ctt cit stlllt cvidcnt de o nrlre inrportanlrl in rnr>rl nrli rrtllnc inrplicatiintr-un punct de vedere politic,crr rtet devin mai o[)rlci tlc cccr cc i-ilr l)utcl invita la ratiunc$i la relleclie. ftr1rl . 1 .I ) c l i r p r ,t : l r i r rlrr r u r c iu r n c i h ( ) t i r l i rd i u c c l a ( ) e x l ) u n c r ct o t t n l i i n t c t r s : L () crrrrrplrric sclrnrln:Inrri nlult ctt trn ntcci dc lirtlrrrlpalpitant tlccit ctt <l gi rcsqronsatriliL cnre s-itltotilrit cil ulcgtrtorul ccrcctilrcqrrofrrntll Nrr inscarrtnil r nlnrls pc dinllrrrl - el abir intr{ in jrrc.l)entrucei mai nrlrlli americlni, rivalicclipseaz.il dc a dccitlc (le carel)ilrtc tltcu clintr-oc()nll)c!iIie ncvoiapcrsonaltr srl jo:rcc.(Vcz.iOrrpitolulXIll, pcntru o dare de sealn,lastrpmelemcntttltri tlirr stirilcclcctorale.) c()nrl)etilionrll Astfcl se llcc cll intercstrlpi zeltrlalcgdto[\'l:rrcl rrrlrriirr clirccgie clirrtulrri politic crcsc lbi.r dupd ce l ltt:rt o tJcciz.ic. t( tiunc ubirrrrcrrrrr unneai/-il. linergia se lnrplificil trcprat pin{ in finll, ciittdsc clcgcrilor. :rllrr l c z r r l t a t c la (la srl arrt:\rne{'ectrrl de electoralcasuprr gradrrltri existenleiunci dcciz.ii scorrrrilc cxl)lrncrctsrlconrparilnr din l dorn jtrnr:Itate a caml:itnici,l)cntrttccl cerc sc lrotrlriscril tlin lrrgrtstpi l)cntru ccilllli. (Orrtltc cttvintc, srlconrlxrlttr prirrrclc<lotrl lirrii tlin trrnriltorul tirbcl.)'l'ttlclul itnrtd('d rtcciacirrc rveilll o politicrttlecit rnrcntic rlc r,or (Prinralinic) lrr trrnrJritInii multi Proprrgantl:l cci nclrotlrili. Acclst'Jcornl):rralic a fost rerlizltl crr ajutorttl ir l)rrtrugrrrpttri

Ilcz.rrlt;rtrr rl\ t c u c c l ; r \ i I ) c n t r r r g r u l ) l r r i l c r l c c o r r t r o l i r r t c l , i c y l r c r n x i ( l c v r c n r c l ) c n t n r ; r t l o i l r r0 : r r l l- 0 t l u ( l i r r i r r l i c r r [ r r : r 0 u r r i r r : r r r g r r s t . 5i 2 . l ; : r P t r r lt d o : r r n c n i i s c l c c t c : r z i l tiprrr trc rn:rrcri:rl l ) c c ; l r c i l r r r p l l r t : s ci r r Itrnclic tlc Prcrlispozigiilc l o r p o l i t i c c c s t c t l o : r rr r n c : r z s p c c i i r lr r l r r n c i l e g i r , . r l g c t r c r a l c , c : r r ( :s t r r l ) : l t c i n t r c g r r l t ; i i r n P< l c c c r c c ( : r r cs r r c i l l t . i n t o t < l t : : r r r n : r rrrrnllrirrr t t t : t s st t t c < l i : ts c l c c t i v i c t t i t l t c t ; t t v i t t t c , c x i s t i o r c l i r l i c l x r z i t i r , : 'ill r t r c o p i r r i i l c o a r t r c : r r i l o r 5 i t c c . t c c c r : r l r . gs l c i t t : . r s t . s l : r t ts l l : r s tt r l l c . i t l c 1 ; t t , t t , , , t tl tl l( , s t t l l l,t l ) r ( ) x i t t t i t tj irv rrrrllrlrt tc l r r t t r cs r r l l i c r . llit r t r J r r t ; r c s0 r r s t r t t l l t ,r t l i c ; l t t t t s i - : t t ts c h i t t t l r r r t i r r t c n l i u d c v o ( i n t r c l r r n i l c r r r u r5 i r r c t l r r r l r r i t : I J r n r J t r t r t ttl: r t r c lr t r r r t c r lr l r c p r r l r l i c i r n ic i o n s t r n l i : r r rr r r n r r r i t 1 1 1 l t n l r l i n r r r l t p t i r i l c d c , r i c r r t i r r c r c p t r l r l i c r r n r ii,l r t l c n r t r c l r l i i , P c c c l c t l c r r l o c r a t c , d c - i l l r r n g r r li n t r c g i i 1 l r : r r o r r l ca c l r r r l > l r n i c i :

lnle nlia de vo! Republicani Democrali

CULOAREA POLITICA PREDOMINANTA A STIRILOR URMARITE Noulrd sau lad tlopLtDtrcanil ucmocrald Tolal culoaro polttica
67o/" 23%

12V" 13%

21"/" 64y"

IJJ

95

l)il\rl l)cflililncnt ill rcl;llic ctr tl0rtrl t i P r r r i < l c l i t c t o r i : t r r r i is t r i o l o g i c i g i r r l l i i p s r l r r r l o l i i c il.) s i l r o l o g i r . s , rrptccl prrjirr tlrttl clcnrcrrtc curc joircll trrr rol. llstc lir;rrtc I r r o l t a l l i l c d c x i s t : l t l o r i r r t : rr l c a _ t i i n t : t r i P r r t l t r i i l c I t t t r c t c t l c v c t l c r c . A c c s t f ' c r r o n r c nc s t c r l i s c r r t u ti n r l c r u l i r r l u inccP u t r r l o r r g r i t o l r r l r rl iX . i n l l t l o i l c r r r i r r r l , 1 ; r o l l r r b ic l rIcstc o cxpcricnlJ pllcrrrrl s l c i t c s t i c c \ ' : rc l r ( i r r c ( : s r i l l r r r i l i a r i z u t , l ' ; l r :s l : l : r r i r r gr i r l t l i r r l p l i c r i s c l i i .l ; c r l c i l c t : r r c ; r s < : t r l (sl c r r : r l c l c r;rrlrolirrrrc sc t n t t l t n : r r t l c , lr l c c r c t t r P l r t .i r t v r t . r r n t r r tlt: t r i z l P o l i t i c i , s c l ) ; l r cc l c x i s t : l t c n t l i r r t ; r< l c l - i u s c r r l t ul u r r c s l i r ; ; i t c o r p c n trl)c t ' ) r i l ( ; l r c \ | r i l r ( ) r c i r r t r c g i : r c c c . r r ip 0 r ' c s t c ,c r t t r r i c i v r r r i i r l i i l n i . ' l o t i l : i i . :lccs(c t c t t t l t l t l c - c ; l t r c r t i l s i l i l l n t r c ur l c s i n c s i c l l t r c i r r t c r c s r r f l i r l i l t l c r r r l r t c r i r r l c lfc unril r i l r c - n ) c r t t l t r r rs t r r r l i t tr i l ; r rd c t r r l i l r t . Itc tlc 0l)irrtcr uvcr]l sclccrrrrca g t i r i l o rd c c : l t r c l n c t l i r r l e x t c r i o r . : l \ : l c u r r r l l l l a r ; l t : l tt t t , , i t l c v r c n t c . i r r t l c s o l i , J r r r i t u trcl c g r r r l . r l t l r r s ,l r v c l n 5 i t r r r l c ' n o r r r c l r N l r j o r i t l t c r r r . r r n c r r i l <c rr irescziirrclc pcntnr iitiri, pcntrrr pagin:r rlc sport, pcntrrr b c r r z i l c t l c s c n a t c c t c . i n r r r : r j o r i r : r t c lz r . i r r r c l o ru , ccstc rnltcrialc srrlt tlc,ll>s6lrrr a c c c a 5 i l i r c t r r r : l ;t o r r r p i ,r c p r r l r l i c l r n r ip r c f c r i l s r l l c c i t c i r s c r rc l i n z . i r r c rcprrlrlicrnc, c ; r r r n l c l t l c s i r r r l r . lr r l l i r l l t r r l r rc i :l:rprrrlin :rccstrrigrtrP politic. in timprrl camp:rt t r c i P r c z i d c r r l i a l c , c i r r c l z i : r r c l c i r r c c l r s i ri ; ra t i t r r t l i n c l i r g r l tlc cvclirncntclc z.ilci, c c l c d o t t l g r r t p t t r is l l r l r t ( ) t n r t i i t r t c r c s r r t c tlc:rrgrrrrrcntclc sllccilicc tallcrci l6r; n l t c s t c s i g r r rc L c l c n r r r r r d o r i s i l p r i r n c a s c : I r r r ri r r r s l n r I r l r r l c ; t i r i n r : r i c c h i l i l l r r r t c , t l : r c : lr r r r u r l i i , l c c x \ r r i l r r c r r i c f a l t t l c z i r r r r r ll u c : r r c s u n t t r c r c l r r l t r l r l r o n l r t e A c c s t t r l t i r t t l l s l ) c c t l l r p t r t c : r t i t l c r r r o r r s t r l r t l : r c : ls - l r c v i t l c n t i a c l l s t r l r i c c t i v i t a t c a

I t t t c r l l r c l : t r c i tt r c c s ( t t ir c z U l t : t tt r c l r r r i c

2 | 8 l,llnnti.rttttt/

txttu/ui

l\'rtr / / I9 (Japitoltrl X ir lirst tlc politicl colrstilntil cxl)utreriipcntru cei cu () l)rcl'erintJ l. Ir,lcclin 9 , J . d c o m c d i e a u a v u t 10,9; ,,inconstantii" 2. Datcle: DINSEPTEMBBIE GENERALA EXPUNEREA iN NOIb,MBRIE PANA Foarle Mediu Mediu Foade scAzula sc^zule Inaltd fnaltd
66o/o

r l i f i ' r i r t : .l ) c n t r l l : l l ) r r t c l c ( ) n t r ( ) l ; g rr : r t l t r t l l c c x l ) r t n c r cd i n ; l r i r n l j l t n i l t i t c i l c i l l n p r r r t i c i .I t c l l c t : r n : r r i v c l s t r r l l r l i t c , c i c : r r t :s c h o t l l r i s c r r lp i n l l i r r i l r g u s t i n c l u \ r v i l l t ( ) l ) t i t l t t to t i l i l t t t c t l t c t t x t i n r . t r cJ r c t r t r rJ sl c p t c r n l r r i c - r r o i c r n l r r id cc c i t rr t : r i o u r . :r c c i c J r c n l l : r j u n s c s c r l i n c r l l u o h o t : l r i r c p i r n i l i n l r r r r i rl t r g r r s t .

S C O R L ' R I LM EE D I I A I E F X P U N E RiIN I SEPTEMBRIE-NOlt:MBRIE Intorosmai-augusl Intenlia hot6ratade vot in august Fera intenlie cfara do vol in august

TOTALUL DECAZUBI Interosmai-august Subiectivitatoa expuneril Au urmhritpredominant Propagandaproprieilor tabere sau cars Echilibrali nimic nu au urmArit predominanl Au urmArit propaganda tabereiadverse Totalulde cazuri

inalt Moderat Limila! Sc{zul inalt Modoral Limilat Scezut | 6,9 11,7
4,8

100

119

122

63%
'l o/" 1

55%
14"/"

53% | 11'," 36% 47

14,7

9,4

6,8

3,0

.l

11% 23o/.

14

17

53

26/o t17

31"h 107

122

C a p i t o l u ll X
l . ( ) : t : c t t r c t t t ' r tl x l ) l r n c l c l ) l t t t i l ; l l r : lr r u s c l i r r r i t c : r z :l l: r t i r r r p r r l l r o l i t i t . I t r c z . c t r ; rc t i i r r r l i l c r i t c a r i i a l c c r r r n t t n i c J r ir i r t i r s t< l c j l s t l l r i l i t L l ) c g r i l d r tc .nrisiunilc c < l t t c u l i o t r t l cs t t t t t t t r n r l l i t c i n p r i r r c i l r r rrl l c c c i c r t r c ' . t u ccl rnui l)utin ncvoic (lc c l c ; i t t t r - t l r t s c r i : r lr c c c n t t l c s p r c c o r r t r i b r r t i i l c d i t i ' r i t c l o r n r i n < r r i r l t in i l t i o n u l c l u stiltrl tlc virtt:ilttttcricrttr, r r l i r s t r : o r n p r r si n p r i n r r r l r i n t l l ) t t l ) l i c u l l l c c r i r r r rl ) r o g r r r n r t l i n r n c r r t l r r i ir c s l ) c c t i v c ic o n t t t r t i t l l i t n i n o r i t l r r c r . \ s t l c l t l c s c l c c t i i o l r c r c u z i l5 i i n c i l : / , t l lr c c l a t l t c l o r ; o : t t t t c n i i t i t t t l s I c i t c r t s c : lr e c l r r r r r t : l c olricctclor pc c:rrc tlcjlr lc clc corlrplrrril clrrc ltrodrrcc llttsctlJ 5i irsctrltl l:r rldio progr:trnclc sponsrrriz:rtc l l r r r r r r r i l cl ) c c l r r c l c - a r r a r l c s <lcjr. Z . A c c : t s t i t r c p r c z i n t l l t . r t r r n : ro i cxtcnsic il cccrl cc iln \/.Izut cJ sc itttirnlllll i n c r t z u l x c t i v i l r i i ,t i r r d o : r r t r c n i ir r c l r o r l l r l l is c l c c ( c r t z : l ; t t r i l c p c c ; r r cl c r r r r r r l r c s t : i n l i r r t c q i ct l c p r c < l i s p o z i l r i l c l o r p o l i t i c c . A i c i , t o t r r 5 i ,i l c c s t l c n o r n c p s c i l t c n s i (in cclc rnri nrultetuzuri), ci 5i l i c i i , p c r r t r r rc : l n r r r r r r r n u ip r c < l i s p o z i t i i l c Prcfcr i n g c l c < l c \ ' ( ) t c ( ) n t r i l ) l l i c l r r s c l c c r l r r c . rc o r n r r n i c l l r i l o r t ) t r t i z : u t c .

(-lnpitoltrl Xl l9'10' llthaior, Anrcricln (lotrncilon l)rrblicn l'ltri[s, l. lxruis l\ean, IJallot tlttci ultc 5i tlin pcrspcctiva 2. Arn nrri ptrteatrrmdriconvertirilcP:lrtirllc lor. Alit ctttn atlr efectrrlultim :rlctlnl)aniciasttpta schimbiri, cu sI descoperim indcxtrltti lor corcsptlnT:ltor cclor ctre-5i pilntsesc r,:Izrrt, mnjoritrltcrl l):lrti(tttl ll)l) sc rcintorc nraitirzirt la cll astfcl,ci sttnt rcconvcrlili$i rclsiAurlli. Li fcl' pritrtr-<t itttcltltc cci crtrcrcnlltJ liro intcllic tle vot r4lrsrllltl)-trltrilor sliri;csc (lr rhc ctlvltltertrtttll:ti ttn <lcvgt s6lidarlcu acesttici vor fi, deti, reconvertili. convcrtilirt:'rll. mic lrrrnr\r dintre convertitii partialivor li in final chsiti!:tli drcl)t

CapitolulXll t l c s t t l r i c c ti l t t c r t) lc cuzttri pc cclc 1.2(X i unrl):rzate l . A c e s t cc o r e l a t is omilindrr-i pe cci cnrc nici nrt ungcilxtt irt vrcrtn ltl vievnli in ltrnrr trctomltrie, o intcntiCdevot. l,n t'tclllcillcCcl. rrlril!cllrlr(lc'sttli t'i5tigItorrrl.nici ntt nvcatt de intercscarc s:Irtc pcrrnitllcalcttlrtrct oirrncnilllati l.r nivclrrlccl rnai scilT.ut de corclalie. rrnrrial trcile:rcoeficienc ctt rntlicclc lor ll)l)',lrtr ori2. in general,rrlcgltoriidccid in ctrtlstrn:rn1rI rttrttcicittrl dilcrcrrlelc ll)lt afectead intenlia{c vot, clrrirr z.ontulde agtcptare

2J0 / tlluunt.srttu/ wtluhti s t t n t t r t i t t i t l r c .( J r rs r r l r i c c t c t t I I ) l ' r c p t r l r l i c i u rr l i ) s t r n u l t t n : u i l r c l i n l t s i l - iv o r c z . c r c l ) u l ) l i c ; r n i t l : r c i s r r : r t tcl)tirr c r rW i l l k i c s r c i S t i g c < l c c i t < l : r c rs l)c i - : rl l g r c l ) t l l t crr Ittxrscvclt sil lic t:ir5(r1,"rlrorul.

Note I J2l trrri inrportatrte. in a.e.t" lirnitc.ca $i in intcn'alcledc tinrp tlirr cclc patrttz.iarc ll clrnpanie,indilercnt <lcrt:xt,rtrrtliza r rtcoperit tot cceace sercfcreir irrclicrtc rllcil rrntcrillclc crittt srtttnu lcgatcdircct dc ,,tcntclc" tlczb:lttttc.

NICIO INTEN]'IE DE VOT IN MAI IPPREPUBLICAN

Intonlto do vol irt oclontbrio Rcpublican Democrat

IPP DEMOCRAT Agrophri ropublicano 43 827 Agtopttri domocrato

Astoplrlri ropublicano
I 6

A1lopldri dornocralo
16 16

(-lnpitoltrl XIV
l. Avcrrr prolrc prirt (ilrc l)utcnl driltccr\,tlc lirpt,cxl)ttncrct llr rrrutcrirrlclc aka. ltt nt<rtn"ntc clcct,rrirlc l lost rrr:ri rnarein aceirstil llerioldildccit in oric'.trc strbieclilor: difcrite llc ctrnrl'r:rniei, (a) li s-a cenrt sil spuntr, dintr-o listrlde cinci enrisiunil)oliticede sttcces, precedent; c:lrc o rrrrnrlriscr?l in intervalul l)c (b) li s-arrr:Itrrt prccedcn!tr al z.iartrltri prirnaplgin{ a numilruluidin z.irra Pc pc care din articolcle curc rlcclrrmscnl crl-l citc:rrtrcgulat gi ru fost ?ntrebati lc citiscri; $i lcgrrtctlc canrpurric (c) li s-aariltrrt clrc apilruscril in rcvistclcdc o listrlcu articolede campanic largrlcircrrlalicgi li s-acerut sl indice pe carele citiserrl. (liticlc din rrrrrillorrrl proporlil subicclikrrclrc att ttrtttilrit tabelrcprezintd r : c lp r r l i r rr r r ri t c n r r l i n r n l s sm c d i l . UFMARIT: MEDIULDE COMUNICARE Ziare Reviste 42o/" 28% 541" 29o/" . 51o/" 17"/o 21y" 26/"

3. Atrt vilztttcil cxistil,in gcncrll, o corclirlicnrirrcintrc oriz.orrtrrl <lclstcpt a r c p r i v i n dc i 5 t i g i l t o r u rl; ii n t c n l i r d c v o t . l ) c r r t r u : l c c i l s t l l u l i cs c l l q t l r r ai n ric c o n s i t l c n r rrcl o r r lp l r r r c c sp csilrologicc . n r rc {J l s t c c l c c t r r l< l cr : r l i c r cr,l i s c r r t :irttr (cxt. n i(:i,tlftcl)tilrilc cursciclcctorllc inf'lrrcrrtcrrz.:l llrivind rczultrltul si dcciz.ia d c v o t . ' l i r t r r l i ,n r a r c x i s r Jg i p o s i b i l i r a r c r r . , p r o i c c ; i o ca i "n ; ) c n i i i ; ;p i orpreiccr:r t l c v o t : r s u l l tc i rc l o r l r r l t;ir,s t c p t i r t < l r t c -s c: r t . c 5 ts J r r o P r ii:n rt c r r t r c :r ir r ls c c ( l n r p ( ) r t c in ltlrrlin crtrc s c c ( ) t r l p ( ) rs t i Ic i i n s i l i .i n , r . c s tc u z , c o r c l r t p ivrirr l i c x p l i c i r t ip lrirr l ; l P t r rc l r :tst(:l)tllrc cr stt c c o n s c c i n l :ir ntcrrlici t l c v o t . ( ) l r r r : r l i zs i lt l r t i s t i cn t rui ( : l u r r r l r c l lc tlct:rlrirt lt lr;rtJ r r r l i c r c ; ip r o i c tl i l r- j r x r g lr r r r1 6 l , )roccsc cfi.ctrrlrlc t l a rc r lP r i t t t t ttll i l t c l c c s t ci n t t t o t l cortstun c(c l r n : r i r n l ) ( ) r t x nIlt.r o l r ic r s t cc x l ) l l s i l intr-. lrrcrlrc tlcsPrc,,Arrirliz.a inrcracliunilor rcciPrrrce dintre doi fictori corcll1i", crrc va li pulrlicirtrl scl)ilrrr.

Momentul interviului lulie (intrecongrese) Septembrie Oclombrie

Radio

CnpitolulXIII l. l)cntrrr clrrlr.rlrcrr u c c s t r r ic r r g r i t . l v , cz.i l).rrgras walllcs, lJcrnlrtl Llcrcls.n, l'ulilil (huuutrirrtior.c and I'ulilic opinion, ohiclg., lrrcrarcgapir.gravirtl, lj4l. Nlrrllrrrrrir si p c c i r r l c ii (lirtor:lrn tlrrctorrrlrr i uplcs, lrclrrrr w s t t P r a v c g l t c r c io l t t t l ) c t . l l t tu da n a l i z c l oc r l c c r r r l r tic r r : r c c sc t l r ; l i t o lN . ltrlltrrtrilt, i . ( j . l , c i t c sg i t l o r n n u l r rlit l r i c l l ) r x r i . tlc itscrlicrrc( rl r( ,) c t o n t l u N 2. Arralizl inclrrdcprrli rlin Ztl rlc discrrrsuri radirf.nicc <Jcrnarc inrp.rtilnlil, linutc rlc candicllli 5i de srrs;.irrrirorii krr,c:r1i uncle bulctinc dc sriri tjc lrrstagiilc lo.rrlc.in rcvistc,rrrralrz:r rrrrcoPcrit nutcrialrrldc camPlnie <lingrptc tf intrc cclc rnrrirrlr;Pindirc rcvrsrctlrn districr- Lifr, oollien, l,ihtty,,\'ttrurtlny l"vcntngI'ost, Rnu,/er's I)igr^rt.'l'iutt si l,ool'; crr rorul, (>4clc erlitori:rrcsi artic.lc illtfi)stltliltccillllostrc.Anrrliz.azi:rrclor,tota l i5 zfllirn di t e n t i , a i n c l r r s r c l r r t t l r i l. lc t l c P r t t r l :l1 lc l i r g i r rd : lc s p r cc a t t t g r : t r rl i)c ditr1riallstil 1 1 p 6 lr itic' r, c c u ns l inrrttcrialcc (\Valtcrl,iPpr'arrn,l).rrrlrv'l'h.r'son, I)arl I\lrrlkrn, rirankri', llav'l'rrckcr) Jay

'

nu a fost pusa. intrebarea

de sr clistingcrn intrc grupurilccu grld ,,inalt"si, resl)ectiv, 2. (-l:r ,,scrlz.ttt" pc bitz;ttuturor clateklr cxl)ur)crc,ilrcliciicrr care alll opcrat au fost dez,voltrli tlisponibilc irr cornttnicilrigi avind legdturrlcu grttpttl p:rnel. Acc5ti inclici pcntnr fiecarercspondcnt scorttricomplexc, indicincl crntitltet lirrniz.cirz.i rcsl)cctivildc rnatcrialpolitic citit din zirre gi rcvistesart asctrltrtla nrdio. A posibil,in acestfel, sd dctermindnrnivelul gencralde de rscnrerrea, nrai f<rst, de informareasrrpra canrpaniei irr ansamblu,rle la exl)urlcrc h tortc srrrscle )i p e n i l l a r r l t i n r e l e p r i n r c l c l r r n i ( r l i r i - a r r g u s ts d o u t rl r r n i d i n r i n t e d c a l e g e r r . Itcrrtrrrtlctalii yrrivindcolrstruclia accstorindici, vez.i Ancxa ll. (lintrc a fostobginttt pntrrtlrccare 3. Acelrrsi nrrxlcldc expuncresuprapusil de subiectclelxrliticc prezcnte cclc,trci nredii. N'laioritatcl celorcares-auinteresat in zirre irrr rrrrlilrit in rrceln;itinrp si un alt mc(liu. Acccagi rcl'.r;icrdrnirre vrlrrbili gi in cuzul cxprrneriila materialulde ll ratlio$i din reviste.

-T
,!?J / tllzanisuu/ 4. l)rrclc: t:olu htt

Nuk / JJ.l i t i r tttr c r s i t r r a gz ia . i a r c k r r id ni s t r i c r ull' ) r i c i.n S a n r l r t s k(v .5. SI ne rcarnintim citit dc rtn crl zinrc crt circtrlatic rcgionll{. in plrrs,Claeland tttain l)raler f1. dc accst disrrict lntr-tttt rle lrrctritori ai tlistrictrrlrri. rurrnllrconsiclcnrbil irr clc l-)csigtrr. dc bUnc. exccl)liotlrl ollorturritlf i tle in{irrnrarc sllnt ilscnlclcil orage lrttrtc in alc nlarilc lj inct nrrri llrii. l)lrtcir li (r. l)etttrtto rrnrtlizil r'cri l,co l,orvctttltrtl, ,,llir,gririttrrpcrindacestasl)cct, i" rr p l r i c s i r r l ) o p t t l r tlr\ l : r g : r z i r t c s , l ) i r r r l j . [ , r z ; r r s l t k l l,i r : r r t kN . S t i r t l t o r(tc t l s ) , Ncw York, l9.l.l, pp.507-.1'lfl. lltr/io Rrlurtl, /94J-194.1,

Scoruilo medii ale expunerii C U L I C E US A U M A I M U L T : BArbali Femoi P o s t o4 5 d o a n i , i n c l u s i v Sub 45 de ani Mediu urban Mediu rural A,B C+ ' t1 , 5 10,2 1t , B 10,4
ttta

Totalul de cazuri

156 183 9S 240 179 134 54 110 106 43 142 138 I 261 16

OtpitolulXV in gruptrri nu estc [o:trtc sittislileiitortrc. cI olrncrrii voteaz:I L A{irrrralirr ()irrrrcniiill)xrlilt rrtrcivlrrrCtllli o (cr(ccstc llcccs:lril <lc grtrprrriyi, tlc irccctt. nccsteiprobl<:nlcr cttilt,r Xtltpcstc ccl nrlrillrollltllilcll itslrl)rrl tlrc :rlrrtrf'rrrrrf:ltI y6r Iotrr?l)rrrccrltrnr lrn csiltltiort vrr sil sclcctlnr irllrorintativd fi 5i srll:tcctttrtrt rstl'cl lirrtrrlt:r, Vonr .lvcir lrri. gruprrrilor le rl)artin mcnrl)rii cltrorl rrrvcrrtlral tlc olntcni ctt cttrepcttec.l)cntrtt colcgii,prictcrriide familie,veciniisi grtrprrrile accstc ficcrrrcstrbicct \'oll avet ncvoic tlc o lrstl a oilntcnilorcarc li)flllc'JZil grrrprrrisi rr intcnliilor lor electorale. rt ortrogcttitiliipoliticc rr tlilcrio rn:lsttr:I Orr rrrr prinr rczultnt,vorn avcr.r nttltll lccirstl o c\tct'tsiclt tttctodctsocitttrtctelor tipttri tle grttllttri.Atn Pttte:r tricc in ccrcctrlrcitsrrci:rl'.1. ()rdincrricrrrrhic','l o cxcrgrtrprrri, in terrncniiinllrrcnlcil)c crtre a rliferitelor pcntrtt irrrlrvrtl. liecrtrt: sri idcntical rru trcbuic tic citl irccstcrr rsrrprl srrlricctrrlrri, c: t r t c n c r i l otrl c ; r l t r c c r ii,r t ri r l t r r , l J r r i io : r r r r c r r i ti r l ) l l t c : lt l o r i s t \s c c o n l i r r r t r c zp si ciltttilnlPcrs()iltlc crtrcsc rtllt vct rrilor. t irr lr,rsrrnniltorur fi, in consccirrl:1, l r r rr n : r li n u l t ( ' g r u l ) t tc rt i tt n r t j o r i t t t l : rp r r r r c t t r l c c r r r r t l u c r rtll:i in t r ct l o r r ls l li o l i t i c c orttrlctrll rlitcritc. in strrtliitlc c;rzspccificcvorn inccrcrtsil ltlltrrritt cc nt.lsttril sUnrc()n$ticnlitlc c0n[]ictsi pe cc critcrii i:rrrh0tJririlc. in t,rtt" rlccstcccrccgrrrprtri. l r l ct l i l c r i t c l o r t i l r i r r rl i , t l c s i g r r rn , c('csrrr rc i d c l l n i t i i l co l t i e c t i v c :rsPctt. lsrtprltltcc.sttti cltx'r'<:ntc nostnrllu ltvcm dlttc sttfi('ienttle in sttrrlirrl n itttcrvittl tt il n c[ < r r r n l l i I i. rrtcnr cr t n t r t r x t r e t, l r r : irn c o r r s i c l c r r r l ) r r r ,c : rs r r l r s t i t r rp strbiccliltlro list{ <lcsttrscciltc ar fi pttttrt li, clcrtrtc:n1ici {in:rl,a fost sttpttsri xti oblinttt irr detcrminrrcr vottrltri: trr:rl, inflrrcrrte ,,l)in clrrcdtntrc lccste stlrsc cxrc v-ilu tlctcrnrinutsll lttttlriti ctrtrt sru ilnl)resiilor nrrrjoritutca irrfrrrrnatiilor srttr illti pricttrttr vcti\'otil: rrrrlclc,plrtettcrii tlc itfirccris:ttrcolcgii tlc servicitt, viz.itit rtcrttttJirlrrprrblicc(dlr nu oarncnii<lirr rntlio), vct irri,pcrstxrnc ltcrsortrtlrl rl r:ctru:rl, in l p e r s o l r r l ,r t n l p c l t c l c l i r n i ct l c l l r r g c r r t rc trrlrri, r r g e r r t rc r lcctorrr el c r r c t t r l l i t d t li c l i tc i n c n t r t t o g r r l , p a r t i t l j,t t r n : r l c l t lcsprc nr:rtcrirlrr in l tirrnrrrtr iv (l';rrctlintre celc entlntcrrtte ntai sttsatt lirst tlc ccJ tttrtittt:ttc zi:rrclc? rlr<liotrl, " pcrrtrr r d rrnrrtcirvoastril? i rn port:rn1:l

10,3
12 2

10,3 10,3 9,6 12,3 9,2 7,7 11,O 9,0 7,9

cD lnteresridicat Interesmcdiu Niq un interes Au o intenlioclard do vor Nu gtiu pentrucine sii votezo Nu se agleaptas6 voteze FARALICIU: BArbali Femei P e s t e4 5 d o a n i ,i n c l u s r v Sub45 de ani Modiu r.rrban Mediu rural A,B C. D Interosridicat lntoresmediu Nici un intares Au o intenlieclar6 de vot Nu 5tiu pentrucine sA voteze Nu se agleaptasa votoz

9,8 7,7 I,l 8,3 8,8 9,2 10,5 9,0 8,4 8,1 10,9 8,4
q,7 oq

111 113 .t s8 66 128 96 23 60 73

bd

65 136 24 153 11 45

7,4 6.3

/J'l

/ tlJr, rniturt/

ttttrt/ttr

Nok / ?J5 'l 'crrt iir cstc discltttt:ltrlxl lirrt:r t r'lt re consccvenf l opiniilorctr prcclisllozil 2. '.1 cirpitol. ul(cno'.lrl accsttti tlctlIirrt irrtr-oscc(ittrrc . 1 .I ) u t c l c :

I i r t t t r l t o t t t lt l t l r t : l t r i t t l c x i l c t , i r t i t p c r r t r r rl l r l r l l u t i , c i i t s i P c r r t r r rl c r n c i , c i t r l c r l t : . s: r r r l i r s t r n c n r i ( ) n l r t cc c l c t r c i p o s i l r i l i t t l i r c l c r i t o a r c l l r r r r r l c , l)ric((:1i $i t:tttlostittlc t l i t t t l o t t r c t t i t t l: t l : r c ' c r r l olri ,c c u r r n : rr l i r r t r c i r r l l r r c r r l c ,l i c c : r i r r l l u c r r t ; r cclt rnli irrttrort.;rrrtl.

VIO I TULUI; D I R E C T IS AC H I M B A R
Barbali Femei 33v" B"/. 23"/" 52"/"
IPP lloprrblicarri Dornocrnli

215 198 'Grrrprrl ( l o p i g i 1 0 0 % ,p o n t n r ,,infltron r. ' 'x r t o ci fiocaro r) a l o g , l t on r r fi putut nurnlmal mult rlo un sirrgur tip spocific do conlactporsonal. " Mai pulin do O,5%. o c , l n 1 x r r . r 1s ric n r i l l r r r r cr l c z . r ' i l l r r di icl c r c n l c l cd i n t r c r x r n r c n id i e ataceri tr i ,r r r n c i t o r , rrnicri: li 'c 5 i s p c c r i r l r 5r Funclionari Moseriasi S U R S EI N T L U E N ' T E ' Rude Cunogtinle din clomeniul afacorilor Priolonigi vocini Nici o monliunerJespro vroun contact porsonal ca srrrsildo influonlA C E L EM A I I M P O R T A N T E SURSE Rudo Cunogtinlo din domeniul afacerilor Priotoni 9i vocini Nici o menliunedesprcvroun contacl porsonal ca sursal do influonl/t l o t a l u la l c g A t o r i l o r 'Grrl>ul 5v" 339L BY" 5/"/" By" 41"/" 17y. 47y" Fonniori

S U R S EI N F L U E N T E ' Flu<lo Crrnogtinlo dirr<lomoniul alacorilor Prioloni9i vocini Nici o menliunodcspr4vrcun contactpersonal ca sursedo influcnlA C E L EM A I I M P O R I A N T E SURSE Rude Cuno5tinlc din clomcniul alacorilor Priatoni 9i vccini Nici o monliunodosprovreuncontactpersonal ca sursAde influenlA Totalulalegitorilor

De la democrali la republicani I

De la republicani la democrali 3

5"/" j3"/" 14v" 56%

t0

1gv" 77v"

14"/" 5iL 6v" 75Y"

sttnt incltrsisi rcci citivir nici o sclrinrbirrc 4. Itriutrc cci crtrcn-ltt <llrscrva! schirnbiiri in irrtrl:elctlircctii. irr licclre slbiccli curc iur vi\ztttpctrecindtr-se grrrlr. *ill l0% din totaltrlrilsltttnstlrilor totrrsi,lccstcil constitttie ,,nicio schinll i n t r e r c p t r b l i c a n i(.r l 7 ot l i n t r e lc , e c i . 4 4 %ta l r : r r c " .l r r c l r t z i r r r l t r -5 i l ) c a c e s t c ad cl:rril'.ttt spllscil utt ltttolrscrvttt tlintrc t:ci llr'J nici o prol'crinlrl rlt'rrurrrrtiri 7276 rlin jrrrrrllor. Accstctliltrcnlc clectorlLlc oitrncnilor in irrtcrrtir rricio sclrirnlr:rrc pc ansrnrbltt. atl fost orntctti nrrriprrtin pot li cxplicirtcastfel:(l) dernocralii, crlrrcrrlirlccit rcprrblicaniisi. de aceeir, $i nrai ptrlin con$tienti dc astfel de ntt ttttnrrti cl sr'lrirlblri li (lr) o'.rnrcrrii cirrc nu all nici o prcferinl:1 l)articlllitril srllhcllrrscnrcrrco Obscrvlrfii, tlar,irr pltts,sttnt llr('lxtllilincontlil sillrt inrc:rcs;rli jrrrirlt i l c o r r r r c : rc rr i rrc ci irr$i$c i ,c l n t r r ip r o l l l l l i l ,t t t ts c s c h i t t r l x l . .5.irr rroicnrllricatt cxistatciteva cnzuriinccrte,in care nu ant fi)st sigtlri oilmcniis-alrlimitrtt lit nrcrnbriigosl'rt> rlrrcri, irr rrlsprnsulla lccastl inttelrure, acopcri5ctr ei. dJrici lor silu s-rrl refcrit 9i la rude caro nu triliau sub acela$i sc tlatoreirzil Accst lrrcrrr faptului ci, in ittglrst,sttbiccfilorli s-acertrtsI spectrtrtt i n c n t b r r r r ll i r r n i l i c i , rrtirnpcc in noicrrtllric l i t c i r r t c n l i rt l t : r , o t : rl l c c J r r rr rrltlcl dccit tlc ordin gcneral ,,A votitt cinevl dirr l'.rrnilie irrtrcb:rrcir l)us (l()irr rlrrrrrrrc:rvoltstr,t?" 1)in vcrilicrlrilccrrc llr ttrnlrlt,i.rn)frlst irrcirrrulis:l tlcscop c r i r r r ' : l: l (c l r s t ri ln c c r r r t t r d i nn eu l r l i s c h i n r b artc z r r l t a t c lc ct t r n l i t u t t l tc l c | 7 o tlircctii. i r r r r r i t ; u rrcl i r r r r c ( r .l ) l t c l c :

8v"
8V"

25v"
70y"

NivelulSES
39L t7v" 1" 79v" 76y" 19L 28y" 45y" 67"/" 96%

Procentajul membrilor unor diloile organizalii 72% 56%

440/o

Tolalul de cazuri 158 336 353 204

3v" 5v" lov"

82y" 40"a

A,B
C+

l)

35%

, . i n f l u o np to " a t ed e p A s 1 i 0 0 % ,p e n t r u ca fiecare a r e g a t o r a r fp i utut numi rnai mult de un singurtip specific de contactpersonal.

intentc7. () lltri lrtcntrc, irr curs rlc publiclre gi lvinrl ca strbicct.,Anlliz.rr rniri tirrnilor rcciproccdintrc doi factoricorclir;i",r'a abordaaccastl problctrtrl irrclctrrlirr.

//6

/ ,llntnitnt/

t'o/tt/rtt

( - i a p i t o l t r lX \ / l l . I ) r r r t c l p r t t i t t< l o t t rI ) t r r c t c t l c v c r l t : r c c . s r c r r m i r l i l i t : i lt l c r t : ; r l i z r r r tl i n < l c xi r l c r p t t n c r i i p c r s o t t r t llc l rd i s c u t i i l c i r r c r l n p a m r r c c r r c x l ) l l l c r c il l)rivirtc, l r rc n r i s i r r n i lr ca t l i o l i r n i c5 ci l r r z i u r c . I i n r r l i r n P l i cliilc t o r u ln r e r n o r i c . l)iscursLrrilc r : t r l t o { i r n i cs ct t t t tc v c t t i t t t c t t t c t l c s t t t l< l cd i s t i n < ; t5 c i o : r r n c n rp i 1 i r s c p l ( rt l) . r()l x r l r i l ,P r c : rr r r r r l t cI ) c : r c c c : r , tlrrtr li sc ccrcsr 5rlc urlrrrrcrrsc . i r r c c l c llr. c 1lc t : t r c l c - ; u tl r r t ' t r l l r rc ts , t c p r o l r r r l rs i ll r r r rl r r r . ll , r t : : r g r c 5 c l i( . l r rz i : r r c l c trsrc rr r r r l t c
\l ll)ill\ll)ll)lll, l)cllttll til lc rlittlrirrtc s i , : r s r l c l ,r c c , g n ( ) ; t \ t c l c i l lltttcnt pttrrc zitrrtrl

I o r c s t t : r l c s t r r l r l c c r c t l i l r i l , t ,t l t t p J c r r r n a n r v r i z r r r 5 i i n : r l t c s t u r l i i c r r r ca r r f i r l 6 s r t i l c c i . l s t l t l t c t r x l l . i r r s c l r i m l r , < t i r t t r c n is i c i r r r i l r r c s cc r r i r l p ir x r r n c n i r l c - i r l r r n g r r l i n t r c g r i z i l c 5 i n r r t t t : t ic s t c a t i i t d c p r o l l u l r i l c l tc i s : l - 5 u i n r i r r t c ; r s c tJ( ) t c c : t i l l ) I 1 t t i t t t i t t t p l : l t o r i r t t l i s <r r l i i l c l o r . i \ r l i n c ( c s r l r , i r rp r i r r r r r r l i r r r l , s d f r r c c n rr r r r c l cc x p c r i r n c n t c c r r : r g c r r t l c l cr l c i n t i l r r i r i z - i l r r i c ct,l r r P . lc r r r n u r r r s r r g c r : r it r r t c x t . 5i L l t ( ) : l t c r c c : s r c a ,t r c b t r i c s : i i r < l r l r r ; i r i rq n; ic l c n r c r r t t r l c ( ) n $ t i i n [ c i c l c s i l c . l ) r r c : l o : l n l c n r i p t i r r c : l r r c b r r i c s r t 1 i n ' Jr r r i n t c r o t c c c i l c c x u d i s c u t l l t c r r a l 1 i i , c i y r g t t i i n l l t r c r r l r r l i i r l s c l c c t r t r c i t : i U l ) i c c t u l u i . S - 1 lt c s t a t i n r c l l i s t r t r e i l r r r r l ] r l r i r i i c l n i s i U t r i l o r t l c r i r c l i o5 i s c l ) 1 l r cc : i l l l l r t r l t l c u l i n c : . 1 \ c l l l c n c rc l vitlcrrtc ii lacc 1lcoilltcnl s i l - ) t c ( ) n s c n l l l c z ct o t l r l t . t t s c r i o z i r : t t c [ . ) : r ru c c r t l t t c r t rl l o r t ( cl i r l : t t o r : r5 r i lirPtrrlui c;lrtr<:ttl(rtrcl t t t i r i t r t r t k r r i t t l i oc s tc o i r r t l c l c t r r i t i r cr r r r r l r n l r is t : r r r t l r r r r l i z ; r ;s l :c r r tt li i c p r c z r r r r io l a c t i v i t i l t c n r r r l tr r r ; r lrl c r i l r i l r 5 i a r p t l c a I i , r l t : a c c c a , liilc crr o:rrncrrir t t l i r r u l c c t ; r t l l i r r c s c l r l r r c i t l c l l r c t c r r l i r r u n c i c o n s c r r r n r i r is i s t c n r l r t i c c . S : ' rs P c r ; l l l r c r l c \ l ) c . ' l c l l t c l c in acclstrl tlircclic ''r fl atlr.frrrrdirtc.

in nrtrlte l)trnctealc tcxttlltli, nc-rlm referit l1 i11rlcxuri constrttitcdc noi pentrrts(tldilll lxcdisl)o7.iliil()r politice, al activit{lilor$i rtitrrttinilor.ln ccle cc tttxcestorindcrnc'.rd,vom da o scurtJcxl)licrlic ilstl[.tra x u fi .

Irrdcxrrl prcdispozilici politicc ( | Itl') l J cci ttct r r ( l c l l x ) n s t r i lc l l r r s t r r d i ua l r r l c g i l t o r i k a pctttrtt\t)t all f()st maximilvalolrcllrctlictivll facttxi<Je ncest itttlcx a lirst religia,nivelul Sl'lS si rcz.irlcrrl0. in crdrrll lictrlrrri rlivcl SllS, rlcltrrit ltrin stratificriri I ltl llrnricr pt.in lirrlclic de rcligic fi tlc rcz'idcntil' t c s t i l n tl ) o g l t tI O l t l i n t t t t t t t l l t t n c t i r r i l c l , c c c l rc c I rcptrlrliittscnrnlttcll rvcll o ptttcrnit'dprcdrslxrzrlic rrrvelSllS, cxnd. []n ciltolic ilfltt pe ccl nrui scrlzrrt liric' I lirst l<rtrirrdin ccntrttl ttrbitn irl districtrrlrri t ll ltvcrt cl'rtlttltcl pttnctlj ctl 7. il(cst lttcrttitrscttlttitttl dctntrrirtil ptttcrtricrtl)rtxctlttr:ttlc o pretlisl'roz.i1ie Plrnctilfc:

PROTESTANT Rural A,B

I\NIiX'\ R

CATOLIC Bural Urban

Urban

1234 2345 3456 4567

C+ D

(lon strrrirca indcxtrrilor

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/ ,llrutui.sun/ t:olului L J r r t r c a z ;d l i s t r i l r t r i r c : t s u t ) i c c f i l o r i n l r r n r rr t r : r i ,i r r f r r n c ; i c < l c r r c c s t i n c l c x :

Constntita indauilor Irxlcxtrl orizontului de opinii

| 229

Punctaj 1 3 4 5 6gl 7

Frocvenld l4B 289 | 467 319 283 4l

(nrorliso,-,zitii predominant republicano)

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(prodispoTilii p ro d o m i n n n t

dcrnocrnto)

lndexul activittrlii politice l)itrticil>lrrcl l,rcrtttrplttic it lirsttnlsuratJprrnconrllrnrrrclr rllsprtnsrrriIrr llr rrrnlltolrclc intrclrrlri: ,,Ari inccrcurrlc crrriindsi corrvingc;i pc cincva dc irlcirc drrrnncrrvorstril politicc?" Punctai
Ftecvonld 74 I 429

no$trinrultc intrcbtrritlc intcrcs il(cstui stu(liuanrl)ussul)iccltlor l)c 1us1.11s5111 prrlrliccotitli;rn.[)cntru a lc deterrrtint,astfcl,pozi;ia.Att exisratPctmanent str eviderttiez.e rrrrii orrrrrcni c;rrc ntl iltl tvllt nici o opinie. Astl incc:rrc'tr $i lici ce opinici,ntt nc interescaTil lr()stru. l)cntrtr:rrlctcrntinroriz.ontttl irrrlc:xul rlard stt avtlt o tryinic clcctorrtltr. vcrfcri pr,liriccr iur susllrlrt subicctii,ci ntrnrai Arrr lirlosircirrci ustlcl dc intrcbilri, Itc cilre lc-anr ptrs sttbieclilorc5angrr t r p t r l r lti l c u r n t r t r l . t i o n u l r r in ( ) s t n r s , i c i n c i i n t r c b l r i l ) c c u t ol c r r p l i c a s c n ttrtttror cinci intrctrllri,el a opinic astll)rr cclor srrlrrcct'l exprirnitt o l)rrcrltrrr obtinrrt cirrc:ipuncte. I)e fiecaredatd cind a sptts ,,Ntl gtirr", a pierdtrt tln anverguriioriz.onttrlui subiectne ofcr{ o idec asttpra l)ulrct.l)unctljtrl fieczlrui s i l t rt l c o p i n i i . I lt:I intrclxlrilc rttiliz.rtc: ntiont/ li,,ra - trn prcaedintc carc sd fie capnbilsil se inrportant ,,()c credcli ci estc nr'.ti capabil sI sc tttr prcaedintc satt actrt:tla conjttncturrl europe'JnI rlcst:rrrcc in intcrncl" ot:rrpctlc prolrlcrrrclc nollstrcecon<lnticc - o aprobalisiruo dcz;rprobalil" tlcsprelcgcn rccll.rtjlril()r .,( lc crc<lc1i pre$edintele l{ulsevelt candidcirzJpentrtr prircrc fapttrl c'tr avcfi dcsl)re ,,(')c sattace)^t lucru ntt c()ntcazjl il dcz.aprobapi al trcilearnandrt- il aprobagi, Pentru ?" rltrrnrreavoustnl dc firt:t, xr tret)uicl StatcleLlnitc sr ajrrteAnglil?" ,,i,r ,r'r,,,r',",,t,,1 irr gcncrul- sunt un lttcrtt lrttn satt ttn lttcrtt .,(lc crcdt li tlcsprcsirrrlicate rirri" (ittpul r/ctonltnl caresAfic c:rplbil sJ se estemni important- un pre$edinte ,,Oc crcdcli t:?l tlcscrrrce conjrtnctttrlelrropeanlsittt ttn pregcdintec:rpalrilsil se irr ncttrala octrpc<lc prolllcmelc noastre economiceinternel" credetictra fost lloosevelt- foartebrtn, lrun saurtrttl" ,,(lc lcl tlc 1'rregerlinte pcntru candideaz.tr aveti (les^pre faptul crtpresedintelelL<xrsevelt ,,Oc 1.>:lrerc sauacestlucrtt ntt contead pentru rrl trcilcir rnantlat- il aprobali,il dczaprobagi d rrnrnelv<lrstrll? " credcti c, ar fi Willkie - foarte btrn, bun sau rrlu?" ,,(lc fcl dc prcaedinte oa pre$edinteintrc un om care are cea mai mare expe,,l)acl ar l'rsrlalegegi pe care in afaceri, ricrrlilin Kuvcrnxrcqi rrn alculcrt cea mai mare experiengrl l - a f il l c A c ? "

Da Nu stiu Nu

ccvn erlrcsrI-lrrjrrtc grcclr,ditlatuldrrrnrrc:r'rxrstrrl ,,A1ifrtcrrt srlcii;tigc?,, Da Nu gtiu Nu 69 1 424

lc , , ( l l t r c < l i t l t r ct t r t t t ' . l t o l t r c u l i r r r r : r 1c i io r c s p r r r r d c c c l r n i r il l i r r c s c r r t i r r r c r r t c l 6 r rJttnrrrcavoirsrrd l a g r ld c l l c g c r i l "

sA-mived candidatulales. ,Sunt foarle nerdbdAtor plAceasi-l vAdc6StiqAnd, ,,Mi-ar dar nu esto asa do irnportant pentru mino" penlrumine dacAva casliga. "Nu contoaz6

2 1
O

301 117
g6

l ) t t n c t : r j c :iltc t t r o t l l t s< cl r r p I l i c t r t r cr l i n t r cr : l s p r r n s r r r p i lo csilrilc i n r l i c lc 6 r r tribtrgrilc I ln prrnctrrj l)c crrc lc ldrrc clc ll indcxrrlpitrricil)alrii. tlc glse re;;rc_ zintil ccl nririin:rlt grrrtldc intcrc:s politicrl,iar rrrrJrrrnr.raj si rlc actil,itrrrc zcrq scrnltillcl o intli{c'rcn1I ill)roltl)c c6rrrplctil.

J.l0 / tllaznis utu/ t'otultrr Indcxul lccturii rcvistckrr irr tirrrJrtrl cutrpnrrici Srrlricctra r l l i r s ti r r t r c b a d t c s p r cr r r t i l n u l t c l r r t i c o l c s p c c i l i < :rc t l ) i l r u tic n rrrrrlcr c l e r c c c n t e n l c r c v i s t c l o rA . c c s t i r r d c x c s t c l ) r r r ; i s i n r p l r ro c u : l n t i l i c i t r c a ntttnilrttluidc urticoledcsprc prrlrlcrnc politicc pc caresrrbrcctul a rfirnlat cd l c - i rc i t i t .

('lonslttriva iadauihr

I J'll

,,Atirrrrzitpccincva(rttties:rtrprictcni)clisctrtilltll)roblenledcltoliticrt ultima rurll" \'.l7.tlt tlc cirtd trc-:tltl nrli()nrtlil l'r grrrr?" a linrrt tln discttrs cind Willkie vilzttt l)c ,,1,-rrli lc-lli citit ieri in z'iarc?" paginrl prinrl <le articole acestc clre clttrtrc .,1)c politicc de ll ratli()irr tinrllul cllll[)rniilor clcctodist.rrrsrrrile ,.Ascrrlrirli f'Jrsau niciodrt"t?" dcs, citcrxlattr, rirlc:f<xrrtc dcsPrepoliticanalirxrali?" vorbit lccent ..(lrr cirte a1i .'(jittIcrIcs<tlliSnrrilisivddrrcclila|i|m?AlitrrttrilritgijtrrnlIclctlcitctttillirrtil" (satrprictcnii) dttnlnervtt:rstt:l ,,Desprecc disctltaiimri mtllt cu frmilia saudesprerrlzboi?" clcsprccrtnrplnil clcctoraltr cotlltllllcitisc sltttascttltasc cl strllicctul carc a dez,villuit liiccarc r:Is[)uns { ir:ltilf cirtc at:ell inalt tlccit rrn ptrnctajrtr:ri clrilc lxlliticc i-r acorclltaccstuie exPtrttcrcit li'l 1"ctlcaccst llcesre $tiri.l)rttemdetcrminr in c:l nrr il intcrcsuscr:l rttgttst in pintr nui din I prrblicrrlui rrrlr.t l)cnrnl tlorri perioatlellc catnpanici gi <lrnscptclnlrricpirlit in noienrlrrie'

llrdcxtrl lsclrrrii z.iurckrrirr tirnpul cnrrrpurrici Intcrvicvatorii irrrinvestig.rt olriccirrrilc rJclcctrrril alc srrtricclilor in cirz.ul z.irrclor.(liit dc dcs i-arrcitit ci pe dil'eritiiscrnnatari ai rrrbricilor din zirrcle lrnle? (litc articolc rlc prirnrl p'.rginJ dcspre alcgcri..rrr rcclln()scut? Arr citit tlcspre (lrr cir a ft)strnili intcnsillcctrrrl z.iarclor. c()nArcsc irrt.il.rc? cu atiit a lirst rnni iuelt 5i scorulcxpttncrii le m'.rtcrialtrl lxrlitictlirr z.iurc.

I rrdcxul urrrr{ririi crn isiunilor rndioftrnice in tirnpul calnpzrrrici ' S t r b i c c l i i a tfto s ti r r t r c b l t i t l a c J l s c u l t i r s c rrd l r s c t r r s tp r ro i l i t i c cr r r t l i o f r r r r r l c' c lrr l i. o l r l l t t t t tt r r p t t t t tt : r ip o z i t t vo r i < l <c: i t c o r i r r r t r i l s p r r na sf i r r r r t t i vA . r r r r r : rlio s t ,r l c il\ctt)ctlcrt c,h c s t i o t t e ti r i t t p r li r r t c r c s t r l tn r ir r n i l l s t i r tl i r l l t l c n r : r t c r i r r l r r ts ald i o lirnic rc[critor Lr congrcscgi dcsprc tliscrrrsrrrilc politicc in gener:rl.I;iccarc r a l s l ) l l t li s n t l i c i n di l t c n t i a a c o r ( l r t :rlr n r r n i r i r t c r i rlr d i f r r z r tl a r l r l i o a c o r r r r i xl r l i t i c btritla un prrnctrr ij n l l t : r l , , a s c u l t i i rri n r o l i t i c i ir l c l l r a d i o " . i a t c r i l l c l op

lrrclcxtrl cxptrrrcrii Jxrlitice subiective llliltcfi:ll l)r()l)i'lintlcr)sct)i I trrnrdrir dacl sttbiccttrl Accst indcx trclrurcs:Irrrtiicc lirstncccsar indcx'.r accstttr lrentrttsc<4rurilc satrtlemrrcrat. rcl)rrl)lican grrnclistic citite in articolclof al rirdiilte $i srl studrcrn colrlirlurulpolitic al cliscursttrilor z.i',rre si revistc. trtatcpcntrtl ficcrttc - tln l)tlllctnj - arbitrar i s-r ncortlat Poz'itiv Strl;icctrrlrri nratcltccrre pentrtt pc rcltulrlit.rni gi rrn prtrrr:trinct{:rtiv [..r!oriz.l\t rirl cilrc i-..r de-llc lrti l{txrscvclt tliscttrsttri [)irc'Jlsctrltasc citit sarrascult:rt. rirrlrlcrtrrrcmt l)enlklf(r'tttt ziitr satl Nta' politicn lckcs, citise irrticolelJtrtllntl srrrr wrrll..rce srrrr l)ctlloNaliorrrrlir oonvcntia dcspre saucirise cl asctrltasc I rclltttrt srrrr o rcvistal irltrl pe de [)acl' lxrtc' dcmtrcrlt fic si cr'.rtil,l)tntctil.irrllrti gcrrcrrl tindea tttttl c < l i t o r i a l c lte t ; i t i s c 1 , . l , c w i s , p e s a u pe e willkie John ii srrl)iccru l ascrrltas tttt (llngresrrl ttvcrt cl Rcprrblicln, desprc zicr rcPrrtrliclnsxucitise5i ascultrse accstor tll[urol in.,ttnar"a repulllican:I. . rendinpl l).ncr..rj'ozirir,, indicin4 prrnctrjedivulgircttloarclpolitic,Iaintcrestrlrtimlnifcstaidesrrbicct. sel)aritl)entrll |jecaredintre |)rincil)llc|cllcrrAccst itltlcx l ft)stx|c,Jtrlit (intrc lrrtrilc rrrrrr lr c<tngrcscl<tr perio'.tth pentru 0 tlatd o:Klc llc cllurPatriei: s c P t c t n l l r i c t t o i c l t t l t l i c ' p c r i o : l d l : r r r g r r s5 t )i t l i r l t l o t rP c t t t r r t

Irrdcxtrl cxprrnerii {cncrtlc lt cornrrrric..rrcrr elcctornlrl I n r l c x t r lc x p t t t t c r i ig c r t c r a l c c s t c t l o r t ro c r r n r r r l : rr rr ci n d i c i k r r s l r c c i l i cp i c crlrc t-atn llciltuit cl sJ ar:lt:lnlntrrnlrrrldc rrticolc cititc in rcviste,nrilsrrra in cirrc s-att citit rrurtcri:rp l co l i t i c cs r r t r : r l t5 ct i r i< l i rz r i r r r cn , r r r n i l r rc r l cr n : r t c r l e$ i i r is r r r< rialc 1.loliticr: asctlltrtclrrntrlio. ca gi rrrlsttr:r in carcstrlricc;ri au rrrntrlrit bulctinclc d c 5 c i r i .d i s c r r l i i l cl x r l i r i c c5 i i n t r r r n i r i l e p r r b l i c c( .) mcdic sinrpl.J a indicikrr I r r a l is c p l r l t a g r r o d r ri s l ' d r cl t c - ai r r t c r e s a t . l r t l c x r rg l c n c r i r( lllrrrcrr l)cntrtr ilccs(()r s-rtufirk'sitintrcb{ri tlc tinrrl: in<lici. ( jonvcntil (( lonvcngirr citrt tlcslrrc:lccastit Nlgionll.Jl{cprrblicrrni, ..Ciit :r1i ) N l t i o n l l : l I ) c r r r < x r : r t id p u l i n , n zilrc f<nrtc sarr lcltrcl" l ) r r l i nd , o i r rt i t l r r r i l e , , A t ic i t i ti r r . . . . . .( r c v i s t : r ) . . .r .l .c. s p r c . . . . . l " crrrrirrnrlctlc 5ririrlilirz:rtt: h nrrlio- lrccvcrrt,rrcl,,( lit tlc tlcs rrscrrltrrli z.ional slrr rricioclltilil.)c olricci <lrrmncavoastrl dcschitlctiradioul ll stiri, sarr r tl t c i n e v r r"i rrrrllindu-sc r c c c n t l : rr l t l i o r l c s t r r c . . . . . . ? " ,,Ali urrzit

]J/

/ tllrrari-sntu/ tnhthi

Indcxrrl acordrrlrricrr argulncnte lc celor tlotrri prlrfi i n i r r t c r v l r rtll i t t t r c ( o t t t l r r i lc subicct lrcstiorrlrt l, cc:rrc r l i r s ti r r r r c l l r t l : r c ic l stc ) l ) ti r r g u n r c n ( c d c : t c o r tc l t t t t r t r t l t o r t r c( lc l l,r< r r t l i l r c z:irl c i p c i t t r r n c i i rc rirtlplyric , , 1 { r x r s c v c l t ; ro r cr r i l r c c l t r r s l l r J o, r } l ; r r c c r p i r c i t l t cr r c r r r r r n c 5 l i o iltclig c n l i la s c u l l t l . ' ( ,,lVillkrc cstc un orn tlirrtr-rrrr orr5cl dc l)rovincrc,cilrc s-a rcllizilt l)rin l i r r l c 1 l r . I r i i 5 i ; i - r rc . r r s t r u i t r r n r l r u r nc l r r r o r i t gi c r nirrrrr si: I r i rr r i r l r r t . c r i , , , ',willkic cstc rvocat intr-o corpor;rlici;i va lrrvoriz.rr cxclrrsiv rrrarrlc cr.rrnplrrii. " Nao Dca/ir intcrferatprea nrult crr alacerileprivace.,, ,,1)olitrc:r ,,l{urscvcltgrillciitc intr:rrea lJrii intr-un'rdzb.iimllotriva restuluilrrmii.,. ',Nrr ar trclrrri si rupcm crt tr:rdipia dcnrrrcmticir ale,{en(lrrn llrci;cdintc p c n t n r u n a l t r c i l c an r l n d : r t . " l tr c s c r l i n r c , . s t l r c lL , , ( - l r lrL < x r s c v cP s r r n tn r i r il ) u l i n d i s i r ) l r s cJ n i t c sc r dc. in:rp<i rn i f a l al r r i I l i r l c r . " ,,Willkic va crctrc prorluc;il incrrrrrjiintl :rlirccri 1c.,, DlcI trn alcg:ltor a ftrsttlc ac<rrd crr lln xrguntcntcarc slslincil t:tltllra lrrr dt r u n : r l t u l s r r : i l i n i n ( l l l ; ; i s ^ ar r l ) r ritr r t l c z r r c o rc t c a ( l v c r s : r rii< i l c o l o g i cc i, l rr P prirrrit rtnprrnct:r tj l c + l , I ) i r c rr l r r r i rl i r s tr l c u c o r < cl u p r o p r i r r _ i l l u r r ) c t ritd c ( ) . :r Ioliicsitttrrlirstdc acottlcu urr rrAunrcnral lclvcrsrrrilor, cl I prirlit -1. lrrrJcciz.irr astll)rrl orlcJrtltatgttntcntil li)stl)ttnc(iltll cu /cro. Astfcl, liccurcstrIicct a l)rr1tt li lrtrnctrt.lcorcric.intre +tJ;i -ft. Cei Z5To {l.atriinrcortl total sarraproaPc totll ctr (:rlrJrrkrr atr rvur prrncrajc inrrc +(r9i +tt.oci 35vodc srrbiec;i mai lipsiridc cnltrz-iasrtr lrr :tcurrrrrl;tt l)unctijc intrc + | 5i -.5.

(lonrrtniclre.roolcril cititorilor prinra vcrsitttte I,ldittrr:r tlintrs cclc ltrci inrlx)rtantc in limba romind n ttnci'.t Itrcrlri tfin istoria strrditrlrticomrrnicilrii- Pruplt's llcrnrrd llcrelson 9i I'laz'cl de l)aul l,azarsl'eld, Ohoirz progrrm (iaudet. Volunrul se inscrieintr-ttn aclcvilrat ctl scoPtllexpres(le rle tradttceridin ltrcrdriclasice, din ce in rr-injrrtal)e sllrdcnfi9i pe toli cci ilrtcrcsilli. cc nlili llltmcro$i.str cttntllscitistoril - sctlrtl, (lnr tr f<rrlneze tumulttioasl - a stiinteiconlllnicllrii's'tr-9i in coleclia intitrrlattr de specialitate' solid{ ctrltur?t apdrtlt p0nI in preatr comtlnicilrii" chiar ..Cultura ()offrnan, l'ldrvrtrd de h)rving cArli fundamentale zcnt a lttl ctlnosctltil pttlin ntt nrai slu lttctlrcl 1,. llcrnays ( )i p rIe m rii' pi I rtr m ln ann,,\ c r r rn oe I I e-N Ii Ii sabeth N ccrcctirrcnott in llornlrtiit,conrttniclrcnarc ttevolc r rcgistruluis:Itttcorctic,tlc cttvitrrll dc imbogrllire a cceilce cvolrrlil clonreniultti noa$terc;irccttpcrarc rrtlortenclurrbilr. ln lag:r rchiz.ilie ne prol)unedregrr dingeevoltrtivecrrc se flnllnll lltl ntli lltrlin sJ)cctircllnoa$tcrea la rtddcini,la origirri, culolse,intolrcerea jnlo'.rne in evolrtlia careatt marcrtadevdrate Iucrtrrilor cornttnicdriinu p()t dccit str fccttntlcz'e r^trrdiultri efortul de cercctnrcactttll, sr-i conferc mai mrrltrl consistcntl9i,in nntrmitcprivinlc, clrirr sr\-lghitlczc' Mecanknul ttotulai rcprct'intit o contribrtlie dc o intenleiaz'il grrinrit m?lrimelrr stttditrlcomtrrricalrii, l)ostfa!rl r ncesteil. de cercctarc 5i interprctare nourlparadigmd rlcschicle o alti pcrsPcctivl de inlclcgcrc it pr<rccsttlrti

2.14 / ,llettni.tutn/ volnlui t l c c o t t t t t t t i c l t r lc).t t t c t t t\ l ) u r r cc l l r c l ) r c r i n t iu l n l ) r r n c tt t < x l r i rtl r c v o l u t i l c c r c c t ; l r i ir i g r r r o : r s :c rt o r r r r r r r i c i i r ti li r,: o p o t r i vlll r i n r n c t o t l o k r g i;c rcztrlt:rtc N. r r i ;trirr v ( ) l l l l ) l l t c i li t t l c l c g cl r c c s t c c 0 n t r r b i l t rli: l r I t l i r v c i i ln vc<lcrc [ i r r r n l l i :n t trtortrlrri prirrcilrrr l ll l r r c r J r r-i l ) u r r ll , u z . : r r s l ck,l c o r r s i t l c r :c lt cl ntri anlicar si ccl nrrrr inova(iv ccrccti\!()r in tlorncnitrlconrrrniclriisorillc

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rlircct stllicitirtltlc org:rrliZ.:rtii l, ccr(ctiltC:l filirntrplticc clc 6rArrrrizrrtii fi1:rntatr\ (lc ptrblit:itrttc, r t g c l l l i i t t r i t s r l , t l c c o m r r n i t r l r i i i r r t l r r s t r i a c rczrrltltc: i r r r t : r c s r rrrlc A irrcittrolttl tl"^ ..ll,,ct1!ii tlnitc, sinrlic:rtc. (lc rlrrrkcting,adrninisrraliir st..rtcfttr (dotttinatri itt strcialc dirr crtropc!nl rborduren $tirntclc tlc lcgrlttrrlintrc l.rtrrrrc sc c:lIc tcrltlitrlc troilc spccrrlltivc) 5i llftrsofice rlccrl!,rcnrc {c tlcnrcrsttri 9i ccrcctllrcl prxgltl:ltlc:I, (bchnviotistiltll, llxrrtl:trca niIStcxilin Sturelc tlnitc cxnt it:ltivll). s-:ttt lrtttttrrtttlc o ()pcr:r 5i lcri\.itittc:l5riinlificI a lrri l)ntrl l,:rz:rrs[cld A lirstllcs prcgctlintcrrlAsrxillicr rlin tirnprrlyielii srrle. tlisrirrs.J lprccicrc clrirrr $i rl As<x'iIlici Anrcricarrcpcrrtrrrocrcetareaopiniei l)rrblice (1949-19.50) Nltir;tr:rlc tlc dc Srri6|rg,ic(196t-l(XrZ),nrenrfirttrrl Acir<lenrici Arrrcricarrc c tlc l:r on<xillt titlttri dc $tiinle A prinrit Nrlion'.rle l'l<lrrcrrric si rl Acrrclcrnici (irltlrul)irr' tlc l()70' in ( ltrivcrsitrttca in l9({r, dc la tlrrivcrsit'rtcr tlirr Ohicago, r i n V i c n r r i, n 1 9 7 1 ,$ i d c h s o r l r o n r ti,n 1 9 7 2 ,l i i r r t l p r i r n r r l l r r U n i v c r s i t r t c rd rccllnox$tcrr: $tiirrlificl.s-l dc o ascmcnca ctrc s-irltucrrrat sociologarncriclrn lrr30 lrrgrrst197(r. stirrsdin viag:I

l n l r l ( c r n x ( i (l.r:r l ) : t t t ll , r t z . r t r r l c o l< l lll i r r ch 2 , 1 < l ci l n i ( l ( ( r ( ) r i r ( tirn II l n i v c r s i t : r t c a .trcliJtirc: dirtVtcrtaI gl r r l Ic l t r r r rt u c c i t s t < i ll i s c i p l i rv it rr : lrl i r l c o i r r r l l o r r : r r r Irci:rp rtgttrozitltc:tctt clltc vlt ulrortllt problcnrclcmetotlologicc alc ccrcctllriisrrcilrlc. l , < r c t t i c 5 tl c r rV i c n r rp i n l l l 3 0 t l c r r n i . r i r r p c r i o r d r irn t c r b c A t r n o s l c ro a r a g r r l rd lrcrl, rtrltcstcc tlc politic:I, psilrrrr:rliz;I". trt:trxisrrr ,,rrrr ii irrllrrcntc:rzl tlczvoltirrcu tri irrtcfcctrrrrl;1, tlrrP.lpropriilc rlcclrrrllri(,,'.llvcrctt l{ogcrs,tl l!istot.t' of (,lonmunirrtiot,\ltu/v. t\ Iliopnplial Appruar/r, Nov York, l;rcc I)rcss,1t.2,19). in 193.1, in Unitc Stutclc ctr o brrrsrl oli'rirrt dc l;undllil ltrrkcftllcr. IJtrrsa crt I)lcacil rrn lcl dc consollrc [)cntru [dl)tul cJ ntr [uscsel)rornovat pe linic acatlcmicilir Llnivcrsitltcu din \/icnl, dltoritil originii salcscrrlirc(rnaitiirziu,l,:rz:rrsltltl va gltrtni ;lllr l)c scrlrnrr accstuilrrcru,sprrrrirrr.l c:I,dirci ar li lirst l)ronlov.rt, [)robrrbil si-lr li g;lsit:;firgitulintr-o cilrtrcr:l tlc 11:rzare). l l r t t n o t t t c t t ti t n l r o r t i t n t il corrstituic l r l i l i c r c l l : r l l i r o u l t l c ( j c r c c t u r cu l l a d i < r r r l t rc ir , clt in 19.17 i n c l d r r r l L l n i v c r s i t r t lIi)i r i n c e t o nl.) i r r t r e r c z r r l t a t e l c activitltii tlc ccrcctlrc dcsfJ5rrrate lr accstinstitutsc rcnlrrrcrl:rnalizrr scriulclor radiolirnicc intrcPrinsd d c l - i c r r a l l c r r z . l g ,s r r r d i i l e lrri (lirntrilcrr Privircla 'l'h. dc cnrisirrnca lrri I l.Ci.Wclls Rrizhoiu/ luuilor. srrrtliilc lrri lunic:r lrrrrvrrclt:I Atlorttrr c r t p r i v i r c l a t l r l c r c n l c l ct l i n ( r c r r r r r z i cc; r r l t l 5 i r r r r r z i cr rr rs o ; r r r ,l r l i z u ulr c o n r p ; r r : r t i r l' l;c l c r l r co i n t r c p r i r r r l c l , . r z l r s l t l t lc r r y l r i v i r cI , r t l i l c r c r r t c l c irrrrc rcccl)tarcatttttri trtcsajscris5i a tttttrirr r;rclioforric. llirorrl sc vil ntut{lirr 19.19 lrr flntvcrsitatcit (irlrrrnlria 9i v:r primi tlcnrrrrrirc:r dc lliroul pcntrrr (icrcctrrrc ('l'hc lltrrcirrr S<rciirlit Aplicarrt of Applicd Srrcirlll.cscerr.h). rlcprrnc, l,.rz;rrslcl<l i n : r c c : r s t ip l c r r o ; r r l ic , f i r r t r r rc i o n s i c l c r ; r l rt ilc crrnstrur:1 ic ir rsrirtrliorralrc , ;ri ro rnrxlrlitirtetlc I rlolriirrrli prcstigiu,dc a dcpl;;i stlrrrttrl<lc ilnigrrrnr. L J r r r rc l l i r r t r cn t r r r i l cm c r i t c : r l c s u l c c : i ( cc d a r c u s i t s : l s t e x r g l g r : r n i t c l e clintrc oricrrtirrcrr irt:rdcrrrrcil, lir:llizrrtJcxclusivpc tcoric, pc cerceturc. si intcrcsttl pr:rctical rrtlntirristr'.r1ici sarrirl conrprrniilor A lrrnslttcrnrcrrtrl dc 1;rrvatc. prin carc irrlclcgcl ccrcctJrcilcrngriricrl, ,,ccrcctilrcrrtlrninistrrtivil". irrili:rrrl c:r .l orgrrrriz.:rliilor r:lsl)tttls lrt o lrrltrtirttruc glrrblic:t, l;ro soliciturc a guvernrrlrri srrrr rlrcdi:r. [)in lcclt\(il cillrlll ;l lirstrlcscoritriticat rlc corrrrrni(rrtclr ac:r<lcrrrit r\,rrtlri : r l c sd c c i l t r ct t n i i s r x t o l o gc i i t r cc o n s i r l c r : tc rIr < l i s c r J r l itn r: crl r r r i e ; i r r r r r tr ' ll l r r t c lc tlc ltracticl. ()ricntcaz.:l ccrcctilrcir conrrrnic'Jrii dc rnlsJ c:ltrestrrtlirrl cl'cctelgr carc nr:rrchcazlttcccrcil dc lil ccrcctlrcu ;;i cstc ctlnsitlcrut pcrsortllitirtcrr

t l c t t c v r t i lttl c S l : i r 5 i t t rtll t : < c t r i t t l r t i :l t )li l t l l l l c l n l s c c 6 l t t l t t ir c c l t tc r r tt l o t l i t l : t t rt :ttlott;t c r liti,r l 1 l ) r t : l u 1 r i 1 l , r r z . r r s l t l t l o r r r r r l ) ; r t r r c r r r i r r c n , , 1 : t p r5 ci it(.liglri". prlvintl lrt specrrl:r1ii de sil ptltc{rl ntt l<:tittncl i llpt:r lrrr.rlriiclcf11rt. f lx)rncilscil r( ' t ( c t i r i $ i lc c X p c r i t t t C t t tlc , t l t ) r )( rl c lror so r ,i < l cl a r c T , t l l t i l t C ..1irtrtr:1 " c i c t : i t ic dc coluturrcruccste rcch cI s-a itxrtt tlc lr,lcritul 5c0lii ..rrDericanc itrvcstig..rlii. prr5i in tlirccti,t crtrefic all (cl)rcZclltat l:r itrceltrrtl)c (.crcctilri 5i eXpcrinrentc, r l t :( l : r r l l c r c c t i l r i l oir l i l i r t t c rc rilic t c o r i i t : r t o t l ) t t t e l n i cp ic i s c i( c : t z t tc rlcs;rrirrtlcr cstlli itlll)rl(:t r( o t,ottdpamr/iyntl d. ittktPftlott 11 l f ,rr'l:rtttl),fic 'ttt ittrtttgttrra ghitlrrt dctttcrI (c:rzrrl Ihrstrltivl pcntrttprtgmltisntttlclrc l,az:trsl'cltl). lrri l)rrrrl itltrcprinsiltlc c{trc l)rrrtl srrrilc dc ilvcstig:ttc srrilll estc c|i'Jt ccrcct:lrcrt tlc nllsil' tf clrc va intcntcia parar/ipnarfntclorlinitttcitt conrtlllicrlre'J l,rrz:rrslcf ritdio[trtticc ttrtor c:nrisitttri Pritt t:ttc l)roicct:rtrl l)cntnr ll cvulrrainrpirctrrl politicilc popttlariz.czc sil i5i al Agricrrlttrrii lrr<rprrncl I )cpitrtltttcttttrlitrttcricrrtt cll t()ttllelltc(:vil. a tlcvcnir l)c l)rlrcllrs lcrlcralcirr rirrtlrrlfcrrlicrilor,ccrcctrrrcrr cttll\ s-"1 cl'.rr lirrrrtc i-a li)st ntl lrri l,'.rz.rrrsfcld l)otrivit lrri livcrctt lltrgcrs,niei tlirr rrl ltlcgcrilor stuclitt intr-trn {c irrtcrrlic Prczi<lc:trti'.rlc trirlsfortlrlr o xsrf'cl ccrt:cdc .tccca, prcsci; iltotl)lltcrniciei pcrccl)lia in el)(ril erir 1940.l)onrinrult:I rr tlovczi irlc ttnci ittlltlcn[c <lircttc, inrctli,rtc, tlt6rii sc l$tcl,txll srl grlscirscrl cotttr;tvcllci.ttt ill vot. l)csc<tltcririlc prrrss ttc corlrlx)rtxmcntultri :rsrt[)r:r rncrlia si grrrprrrilc cl pcrstxttrclc tliltic crr tot cccrlc(:sc stiil pinl atrrnci.l'llc rclcvurr cr] tttrtss nlcdi;1, rtlt'rirt: de tt-tltss dcsprecatrtlt:tnic srltrtrrt:l irr[rrrrrr:rliilc s<tcitlc tlc dccit /n nundr n/n.r lt'fx',vtllte, t'rl ttlccrtttisttrttl lrtingl'l rrrccf irr nrr rcu$cscsuI irrllrrcllrrrc i.lcot.llxlrt.rltlentului cstc nrlt r/ifrit tlc ccc:l cc sc $tirlllill:l lltllrtci.

/.J0 / tllertni.snul vorului [)trp:Icrttttdccl;rr:l chi:rr:ttttorii, srtlriccttrl etlrliiil rcprcz.intil opinirrptrblic{. (ict:rtcc lt<lttcc (ltt o irrlrric nott lttcrlrcacstc l)crsl)cctivlr dc irrvcstiglre. rrctlisitt)ltl;ltil, ci cottst:ttil irtrllrcsi:t lrrrgrrlspilrrrlitl;l<xrivit cilrci:r a irrvcstigrr irrsctrrrrrul dcsprco :lscnrcncir ,,etlcscrict c crctloutttcttii prolllcrnil"- dcci ccclrcc nunlinl astil/.is()n(liljclc tlc ogrttric ciltc coltstltrl rnodrtl cttnt sc nrportcrzllntcrnl)rii urrci c()nrrrnitllilir un [cnorncn sirualtrrl.Lrrcrrrc'.r tlc lhtrtgintcptc rltccvrr,gi rricr < l c s c i l i : i rr r r r u l t l i r r r c s r r r t r r r i ln cr r r t l c r n i t d tp i ii r < : t u r r l i r r ts l irir l c . l,lrr ccrcctcuz.n : l r r x J . r l i t i l l i lrc rc l r c . , s c l i r r r r c r r zo i pirriilc i r r s c 5 i " , , , l i r r n r i r rs cc rr h,i n r l l r r r c r r pi tfcz.vrrltlrclolrirrici prrlrlrcc".Arrtorir ytrccir.cnt.zr lirupcrJc:,,nu iurr tlcscris oPirriuprrlrlrcil, cr urrr strrdiat-<l in llrtrccstrl frrrrrrJrii ci". L)coscbircrr ftrlll dc ccrcct:lrilctlc lrirul ltrrrrcicstc cvidcntl.

Postlald / 237 opozili'.t, rnrriprrlirr <lcrrrocrllidcc'it catoliciiin virsti (in general,tincrii 1;rel'errl orienpozitic).Indexrrlerrc irrrli{trcntcc purtid sc allil in .rce:rst.l instro vnloirre <levin rxtivilccr(I 5i rrc poutcinclica o clircclicu intcnliilor<ler,ot.lrrs:llttcrttrilc dc nrrriconrplir:rrtc rtrrnciclnd intcrvin discordrnle9i conllicceirrtre vrri'.rbile: piltl:tc,rtolic, drr crr strtrrtsocial d'rr cu statuteconomicfoartebun; protestatrt, rnri rrrotf cst. Apare in acest caz ceea ce autorii numesc przsianca anflirtuald, Lctnrl1lc cllrc \/orn irrccrcR si o discutilnrdc sine stl(iltor. Ar lnrrili rlc rncn;ionar carcni se par denrnc de rclilrttt.I)acrl dottrlaspccte vari'lbilc,ce:t clrc exprirni statttsttl rrtrtlltcc o icntrlriel irnportanlciacestor socio-ccorrornic cstc cu deoscbirc rclevantl. Politiccatc, o l)crsornl exprinrtr pozititlsocirld, uccuce cstc cil, in f'.rpt, in viapl socirll. Condiliilc dc existentr:I, irl):rrtcncnlir la rrrrgrrrpsarrla o clasdm<delcaz;I <rrnrrrtritl psihologiccomunl sau firartc 1rIr()l)iin'I, l'r.orfucv.traborddriirrruditc, interPrctrlrigi rlez.lcgrlri ascrrlln:Itrrarc.l'c :rcesthaclgmundexistenlirl comull sau lscm:Inltor ll)rrr opliuni autorii,,,caracteristicilc sociulc 5i oricntrlripoliticesirnillre.Dupil crrnrobscrvll politicd". clcterrrri nJ pref'crinl.r in al dr>ilczr rind, indicelede selectivitate dc frrlt de mcsajclcmijkracelor crrmunic'.rrc, cn pi lirl'I de alte tipuri de mesaje, variarAin funcgiede intensiprcrlispozilicr trttcrt avcm dc-l f}t:ecrt o prcdispozilicprrtcrnicil, lxlliticc, L)actr irr ulli tcrrrrcni,crr rr corrvirrgcrc sclcctivit.rtca cstc sc\/cril. binc consolirl'ltil, []crsolnu sltttpcrsrxrnclc rcspcctivesturt fonrtcl)uIin ,,ltinsc" rlc altc rncsajc dcciit cclc clrc corcspundpropriilorconvingeri. De aceca,pi 1;osibilitlrcu dc schirtrbarc cstc nrinim{. Asemcneal)ersoane iesdin campaniecrrconvingcreir cu care arrirrtrat.E,ventual cu o convingcre consolidatJ, in urma pr(&-esului dc s c l c tl i c : r r r c s i r j c k rtrl c c a r ca r nu m i n t i t . politice se leagil5i problcma stabilitlfii convingcrikrr. [)c prcdispoz.igiilc carc au 0lc'Ituite$antionul l)ersoanclc studiatau avut doul tiptrri de ntanifest:lri: trnele nu 5i-rrr schimbatopinia pe ltarcursul crcettrrilor. iar altclc 5i-arr schirnba!opinirrin diversemodtrri;dintre lcestel din rrrrnil, unelc arrprel'ertt prrrtid, pintr lrrslirgitrrl r'clillrrlt rltclc 5i-att clcciz.irr rrmilnat clrnpnrrici5i,in sliirgit, tltc pcrsrr:rrrc irrrdccllra! ctl s-rrrdcciscrr cirrcsrlvotcz,e, dar ntr s-arrl)rz.cntilt gi-aufu:aliz:rt lir vot. in nrocllircsc,cercctiltorii ltcnti{ aslll)rilsrrbicc;ilor clrc schintb:rt opinirr, incercdnd sd rccstci identifice nrotivelc;;i circurnstanlcle 5i-:rrr schi nrlxlri. itr ,.c.r contcxt! arrtorii intrtxluc nogiulrcatlc reoricntlre (htnrotxr), cue rilrlsoirrrl schinrll:Irilc ce survin ln intcntiile, x$tcl)ti'lrile $i c()lllportamcntill pcrsourrclor. I')steo nogittne c<lnsidcratrl lirndlrnrcntlll l]entnt ccrce(urcir opirrrci.Ihci rc(]rientarcl este marerattrncisc poatc rlcdrrcccd <l;rinix silu c()ntportlrtrcnttrl:ilrnt instabile.L)acd, dirnpotrivtr, prclhccrilcirr cldrul opinici gi (()r'r)lx)rtirnlcntrrlrri srrntrcdusc,atrrnci inscanrnicd tvcm dc-t facccu :ltitrrdini

itt c,rtttitrtr;trc, vont sitttctiz-rt tlirrrrccontribrrliilc cirtcvir lucrJriidc lirlll,1;rirr crrrc riltttittc atit tlc acttt;tlil, cltilr tlrtcil cxpcrirncntulrlc la carc u porrrita tirstirrtrcclc ittti,irrtr-ttnc()ntcxtcu t()tul tlifcricdc ccl tlc rrstrtzi. l)rltrsitcttnlllcstc (rO I)rrpil t4rinilrrlt)ilstril, rillriinc dc tnarc:rctulrlitatc corelllia pc carc autorii o stabilcscintrc stirtutrrlstrciirl al llcgrrorrrlui p-ioP;irrncl sl dc vot. Aspcct rsttprr cilrttirt s-rtinsistlt tnai l)ulin. Ohiur <lrrcil astalzi cl ne rtl)ure rnri ntrirrrlrrt. (lc \'ot cstc irrllucrrlrrtJ cltilr tllcrl ()l!littttcJ tlc llti frrctori curc ult crcscgtirl si itlllx,rtiltlll (cttttt cstc,tlc pikl:t,ttrtssnrctlil),rccxstrl corcl:tlic rrr:rrrilcsrl t1r grrrrl dc Pcrcnitatc r c l n l r c a l l i lA . l t n r i r r t c r in , u n c l ) l l t c l n c x P l i c ad e c c r c o l o u n d e cstc silr;lcictlonrinJ irl)roilpcintotdcrrrrna stingu sau tle cc libcralisrnulori uonscrvilt{)risttrrrl sttlrtasrrcirttc cu o starctlc 1'rrospcritate, ctr standardcmttcr i i r l cr r l r i r i < l i c l r t:c rl r ug r r r p t r r i l o r . r l cp c r s r n l t c l r ls ocrcct'.ltorii irrrrtlcrrtilicrrt o scric tlc vrrri,.r[rilc cxtcriortc", t:rr 5i ,,corclrrlii o llllrc inllxtrtilnlllitt tlcciz.irr rlc vot, drrrc0rc itrro exisrcnpd intlcpcrulcrrtil {c c;tntlxnia clcctrrrrtlil, clccalitatcl ci. l,lstccccl.l gi colalxrritrgrii cc l,azarsfcld sili :rtt ntrnrit irrdcxulPrcdispoz.ilici politicc (lPIt). l.ll rcprcz.int:I un gcn dc T.estrc srrci:rliI, crrlturllrt clt citrcorrncnii virr in cirnrplrric. 5t lrsilrologicil .S-a obscrvlt cil votttlcstc inlltrcn;lrt tlc nrai nrrrltcvarilrlrilc: stltrrtrrls<rciocconornic,llilicrce rr:ligirxrsil, (rural:lsrrtrrrr[l1iI). r,irste clcct6rarcz.idcnla rtrlrri.intrc ilccstclt, srlttrtttlsrrro-ccorronric arc rolul csclrli;ll.in c,rz.rrl dc firtI, pcrsornclc nrai llog:rtcnrrrnifcstirrr prcfcrinlc viz.ibilcpcrrtnr rcprrblicani, i:rr cclc crr p<rzilicsocillJ nrli modcsti, Jrcnrrrr dcrnocrali.I)rorcstanlii irrclin:rrr sprc rcprrblicirni, in tinrp cc crrr0licii, sprc dcrn<rcra1i. Ll fcl, pcrsoant:lc clrc krcttilttt itr rnctlirtlrrrrll i5i cxpriltt:ttt prcfcrirrla t'u prccrlrlcrc c;Itrcrcprrllliclni, ilr tinrp cc lrrrritorriorir5clor, c:ltrcdcrn<rcmgi. Vlirstl jrrcai;i crt rrn rol - tilcrii prcltrintlrr-i pc clcnrocrlli.irr cci nr:riirt viirstd, pc rcprrblicirni. liirc$rcc:l in cadrrrl ilccsror crrcgoriicxisrildcoscbiri.t)c pild;I,tincrii protcstilllticrltt ntrtiltrrlirrrcpublrcrrrti dccit pr()tcstanlii in viirstii. ilr tirrcriic:rtolici

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J,lti / tllratisuu/

volttlui

l\x(a!i

I 2.19

(lcrcct:rrc:r const:rntc. 1rscoslil lunrinl lirprrrl c:l atitrrdinilc1t<rlitice <lovcclcsc o stalrilitrtc rcnt;rrculril:l sc crcdcrr.Srrrrtlrai ntrrlli 5i. oricrrnr,nrili lllirrc <leciir {ircroricarc cxplic.l o'.1\cr)lclrcil gr;rtlrrl L()rlstxnlil: srrcillil, rle intcrcs, poz.ili;r cotrtrtrfttf cxcrcitat <legrrtp. Aut<lrii vorbcscchiirr dc <tit'rairic a stnlilitritii, cl.re :lrirtilcil in 1xolylg11yg1c frrrrclamcntrlc opiniilc sunt miri stabile,in tirnp cc in cclc s1'rccilicc clc se adlptcilzd tnti rcl)cdc, in 1'rrnc;ie de circunrstanrc si cvitlrrilrtlrcrsOtr:rlc.

:tccll cC ir LJntrldintre cele mai imlxlnante tezultiltellc ccrcctrlriia lirst. iclcntillcat trei cntegorii de elbctc pc carc calnl)rnia elcctrrrirliilc l)()rtteavcil ttlctliit grcrsuasiv lranstltis irslt[,rll cctilfcltilor. lnlltrcntal)e ca]cmesajrrl lxitt ntass o are irsupraccti[eanului lxratc fi acecilde activare,dc irrtilrirc sattd<:cgnvcrse distribuieintre cottvcrtirclr tire. Procentelerdmase Parlilh 5i reconvcnire. a) Aili,ann. (lontunicarca politicrl aclivcitd l)Icdispo/.ilii lrtctttc tle a r'otit lrr rr ltrtl)ilrcl:t1r:trtcnt:tt1ci tlireclie, predispozitiiforrn:ttcc'.1 intr-O rrnttnritrl catcgoricsocirlil.ln ace.t crz, rleciziadelirritivitcstc in concrtrrlitrllrl 1r'rrr11it..l accle politice.Ormcnii sllnt rtenli l'.t1;iselcctcitz.:l crr inrlcxrrlprcdispoziliilor crr plrerilc lor antcrioarc,lrrcrtrvallbil :rtit lncsirjec:rreSunt in concordanlil unnttcit pi Petrtrtr instittrlionnliz:rtc, pcntlr comlniclrea lbrmirlil, prin canalele rttcsajclot intre prieteni.Srrbirnp'.rctrtl in fanriliesarr rriclrcarnlorrrrirlil, l)ctstlrlsivc, inrlivirlrrldevinc con$tientdc o op;irrnelltent{. ll f nulina (ninlonnrcnt). Mai mtrlt de jrrmiltatc dintre cci intcrvievrli sc <lcja la inceputul campaniei,atttnci cend a inccl)ltt ccrccrarcit hotrlraser,l dar intendin paneaPartidului, sigurcine va primi investitttra Acegtianu i^tiau pcntru un partid antlmer indil'ercnt de persoanadesenlnati\. lionarr sd v()tcz.e De accea,rlirectoriide campanietrehttiedoar strle ofcrc argtlmcntepcntrtl ir-giPilstraop;iunea iniliali, motive pcntrtl it crcde cil iltl drcl)trte, t"J 9i rlrc hotrlritc acst lucru, pcrs<tancle pcrsoanearraceleagi optiuni. Dacd nrr rert$esc cltreulrttteT.itanfe, sru, nt:rimrrlt,in l)crsoirnc se pot transforma in persoane doneaz.tr opliunea iniliale. Deciziile lttateincd tle la inceprrtrtlcanlprnici se a tttcsujclor printr-o sclectie l)crmcnentil, partiT.anil, cristaliz.cazl/consolideazJ massn)cdi.l. r) ()onueflina, Nrrnrai 87o dintre cci sttprtgiccrcctilrii rttt nrnttiltstlt ttn (lonvertirca poate sJ libil ltrc d<lrtr itr ritrtlttl grcrsoitastlcl (le colltl'xrrtintcnt. nclor rl cllror intcres pcntru alegcri estc mic 5i care se lllrl srrb o l.rrcsitltlt: (iradtrl dc ldcrcnlil lr progrlnrrrlurrrrilxrtid i^irr:ll tlntti c;ttttlitlitt corrflictrrrrlJ. tlll o i<lccsatt(t pcrsollttil. cstc tnic. nrr trr intcrcsepersonrlcpentrtt l srrsfirlc 'sc af]rlintr<r lxrg:rtdrc:lca(lc rclxlrl arr leg:lturi strinse cu nici trn paftid $i cc ntt ltr li'ntrsot:ialc. Nurnlrul lor scudcde-l ltrngtrlcxnrl)inici,Pe milstlr:l ilr cotltrrpe malsttr:l c:e cre$teintcrcsttl, menele dc ,tctivare $i de consolidare. (lci ctrvcdcri sutrtrczolvate. de presiunea incrttcis:rtit dictiile internc provocate xstltl itl('it, propagandisticc, acord{ cer mai mare atentie mesaielor l)artizane in ternrelriabsoluli,rceste mesajeljtrng la persornclecel ntai l)tllin pr()lxrl)il 'l'otodatl, cei care acortli rtenlic mesajelor tlin clntp:rrric de a fi convertite. prol)riilorvcderi l)artizrtrrc. tind srl Ic sclc<:tcze doar pe ccle cate corespttnd intcrvirrrile in cadrrrlccrcctirii tlrn tlistrictrrl l)c misurtr ce se desfil$urau tlc l.,ric.dcveneadin ce in cc mai cvident cl exist:lultnclc sttrsctlt: inf'ltrerrtrl.

l,ttct:trcadc lltlI llroicctcirzll, rlc,.lscnlcncrt, o lrrrninl rnai rclrlisti\ i;i rnui rrrnrrr .s r r p r a d i n a r r r i c iirn r c r n cl l o r i c J r u r tip dc corrlrrrntarc latJ lsul)ra:rlcgcrrloa clcetr>r:rlil, asul)ril lllr)r tcndinlc cars sc nlitnilcstil unrriascmcncit l)c parcursrrl in t.:rrc l)r(xics.(jcrcctirrc:rintrcprinsll <lc lttrtori a cvidcnti:rt trci pcrio:r<lr: v()titlllitsc tlccitl grccittc sJ rlcrgl. () prrtc lrtcuccstlrrcrrr inaintc rlc irrcr:Jrcrcrr t;tttrlxtttici :, r l 1 iirr r p r i r r t rp r:rrtc c c i l r r l liir r u l t i n t : r 5 i ,i r r s l i r s i t , l)itrtc:c r rrrlprrrrrci. (-lc atrtttttctlctcrtttirril rnonlcnt.ul in crrc runrcnii sc hotlrilsccu cirte \()tcazlli l)oi fact<rri principirli:garlul hr r/eintera l'.,tl,l de prr^*esrrl clcctor..rl Siprtsiunilc itrcrttcig:rl.c s'.lrron/it.f ua/c la carc srrnt srrpupi. Ambii lactori ni se pir import:lnti. 11icaprlt:I rclcvrnlrl 5i pcnrrrrcJ nc ajurdsil nc rcl)rcz.ent.Jm mai binc in cc l)r()lxlrlicl)ot fi inflllcl)[rte 5i st:hinrb:rtc opiniilc Aicomporrarncntclc inrr-() c a r r t g r e r r5 ic co i r t cl i i n f l r r c r r l a ats t f c l . i c i n c i r r r r r n rp lntcresrrl mrnifcstat htd tlc c:rnrpanicare un rol ft):lttc inlportilnt in (]rr ciit cste nlai intcrcsatrlc llcgcri, cu aret cl c()nl[)()rtrnrcrrtrrl alcgJrorrrlui. sc tlcci<lc nr:ti tlcvrctnc ctt cinc vu votil. Aproxinrrtiv dorrl trcirrrirlintre cci cilrc iltl tnlrrilcst:lttln ttlilrc intcrcs in lcgiltrrr:l ctt t'nrrrlxrnil s-trrt clccis inaintc tlc ltrrlr rrrui,tlcci irrrrintc dc iltccJrcrca proprirr-zisc, clrrnpanrci in tinrl'lcc lrtat un irrtcrc:*icJlutarr lrrlt dcciz.i:r in Pltlin (lc jtrnl:ltiltcrlin cci crrrctrt:rnilcstrrrr acccrtsi pcriortrll.I )rrc:llitaliz;trIl atcnlirlrrsrrpra rrltirlci lrcrilirdc I carrrpanici, lrtcrtrrilc : r p l r l : rf c l t l c s c r n n i f i c : r t i v c r r: u r n l i( ) o l ) t i n l cd i n c c i c r r i r r t c r c s nr:rrc sc tlccicl in rrltirnclcz.ilc,in tirnp cc qlrrrcntrrlcstc tlc dorrilrrri llri ntrrrcirr rintlttl cclrlrctt itttcrcsscllz.ut. pcrsoanckrr in grrrprrl curc rnirnifcst..l lll irltcrcs (listirlg(: sc cclc,,lilartc dc dc soartu clrnclrl)rcgflant. l)()t I)rc()cul):rtc" cvolrrtilr, tllrttrlrril)rcltrJt. l)c obicci,'.lccstc sc lrotlrrlsc printrc clcoll)crsoltrc lrrrrr-rclc, rccc \'(,rca prol-rrirrl crrrrclicllt sJ irtvingJ. (iratlrrl rlc inrcres csrc irnl)()rtilnr ri l)cntnr ir l)utea idcntillca grur/u/rle ex/)ttt(rc ir srrlricc;ilor la cirnrpanic, nrai alcs la nresrrjcle mcrli.r.(lci intcrcsir;i srrnt rnai crrriosi, clutil sil gtic, sr aflc, srlcun(xlscil tlc vctlcrc dif'critc. l)rrrrcte l'li strnt activi 5i sunt c()nect.lli l:r Pr.trlcnrclccirmpanici.Dinrpotrivrr, persoxtrclc ncitttcrcsittc sltrltap:rticc. Atitrrdincrr lor csrc lrinc cx;;rirnirtil dc rrlsprrnstrl accstrilsl)uns: lrc c'Jrcil tlarr 5i rlc corclelial)c circ o srrgcrclz:l ,,"rlon'lIuou, ./on'| ran.". /m.ause

J.li l,llauti.ttutl tottlui tlccizicitlc v<lt carcnu lirscscril cd atare, lttr ftrsescril l)rcsillncltsttJtrl l)revllzrrtc; Itt;ttcin scrtlrt:l itt proicctrrrca rtnchctckrr nnchctat()rii<lcsco5i :r intcrvirrrilor. ()ilrncni. cI cci irrtcrvicvlli grritrrcsc o rnilrcl)irtc din irrlixrrr'.r1ii tlc la'.rl1i l)crcatt ()suri-I [)iscrrliilclirt:t in [rlrt rcl)rczcnrilrr dc infrrrrn:t1ii ccl pulin la lcldc intportdnt;1, drrcilrru nlri lx)Axtildcclc rtdirlrrl 5i prcsr scris:I. Cllnd sc l)unel inrrclxtrcn cc surscirrrc()nsultilt rcccnt in lcgltrrrdcrr companir elcctorald, conversaliile l)c ternc politicc cnlu tncnlion:rtcmli dcs dcclt rldioul sau l)rcsil scris:l". ( lcrcc:trltorii rttttlcvcnit c('n$ticnli clc inrportanla lccstrri lcnonrcn si ru :rtlulrtlt o l ) i l r t ct l i r t i r t t r c l > i t r rilrc (.i()nt t c r v i r r l rlr)ic n t n ri r t c s t r irn c l i l s i vi t c c s tl ' c n o l l t c l r elrrziit: cstc irr rnorl cscnlill o cxpcricnlil dc grrrl>". ,.r'ottrl [)c f:rpt,aici irlcntiflclnl tn:lrcir dcsc<rpcrirc lilcutd de c:Itrc l,az:rrst'cltl 9i colirlxrrrrtorii sri. l)irrl atrrncisc considcrl c{ hrcrliaarr inflrrcnla hot:lritoare ils(rl)fir Actiln s-a cvitlcnliat cil in nrodclarc:r oPiniilor.inclrrsivin Pcrsoirrrci. tnrx.fcf arc:rc()ntlx)rtilncntrrlrri tlc vtx, nlul t.rzrlinl rsk dilinrl lt rzltngup.l)c : r l t l c l ,r r r r a dintrcrrnrbiliilc crcct;Irorilo c r . ra c c c i l t l c r i d c r r t i f i c ls c h i r n b : t r i l c itrtcrvcrritc srrlrirrflrrcnla rnijlo:rcclor dc comunicarc. A rczrrltlrt <lrlcscqpcrirc - in intcrierrrl plrarloxrrli): surs:rprirrcipal:t dc inflrrcnllrc sc si(rrl rrlrrrlrdcv..r grttpttltri.(Jorcspttttzrltor, rolul rnijloacclor tlc corntrrric:rrc ir fost rcl)()rr(lcrilt. l,,xistl aici, in f<rn<|. rkruJ dcscopcriri:tnlu/ t.snyir/nl grpului si tvlu/ linitat al S;l iusistJrrr tlirrtrcclc. Itrv.rti. l)ulitr lsul)r:rlicc:lrcirt l ) c r r t r ta r t r t o r iri r n c r r c : r nc i, xisti5 l : r n s lco l r t c r r r a rc i a o r r n r c n i i c a rn cl l r c c s c ()il tr:lrcsc irrrprcun:l sl|uc:lrci5i pctrcc tinrprrllrtrerimpreund sil votczeaceiagi canrlidali.Douil tipurr dc argrrnrcntc sunt.adusc in sprijinul acesteiipotezc. l)rintul: ..omogcnitatcit grlitic.J"a nruhor grrrpuri, cum ar fi organiz_aliile reli. g i o l s c ,c l r r b r r r i l < c l cs p o r r5 i l l t c s t r t r c t r r r i s r i t u l i o n a l i z a tA in c. l d o i l c a :p c r s o a rrclecrr anrrrnitccaractcnstici cornrrllcJu silnserrraimari sd aparlintr acclorir5i grttPuri. ( jci in vilrst:l Olrncrrii sc rrproPic intrc ci po lt:rz.:r itccstor ctractcrisrici. sc silnt rnlri:rprollilrli <.lc p<:rsrxrrtclc gcncr:llic,lrlircurn tilcrii srrrrt din :rccc;r5i rrtai:rpropirlitot dc tittcri.(lclc rn:ristriinsc crrntircte sc strbilcscintrc pcrsoanc carc irl)urlinrrcclrrilSi scgnrcntso,cill. ln intcrlrrct,rrcn ltri l,azrrsl'eltl, Iucrtrrilcnu se ()prcscrrici.Iltflrrernla gnrprrlrrirrtrsc cxprirniltloar in llrllttrlcil lrcrsrxrnclc cafc rnunccsc5i trJicscitn\'()rvotilcrr nlrrc yrrolxrbilitirtc acciapi candidali. l)c m:lsuril l)rcun-.I ce crnrpania sc dcrrrfc'.rz:I, ca inthrcc iu'l pr()ccs<leonogrnixtr lol nrti ntn a inrefliilor rleutl nrntlrii grttltului.'l'cndinrt, sprrrr arrtorii,cstc probltrl srrrristic. ltratrv lr nnnifr-ehl intrc ttt;ri$i octottrlrric, cilt:r <Jrrr:rt clrnrPuniir <lin 19,10, rrrrrnlrultlc ltcrstxrnc c a t cr v c r l t to i r t t c t t t i c d c v o t i l l l a t i il n c o n t r r r r l i c ;c ic u p r o p r i r r l l ) l ) a s c l r r t tc o n sidcrll;il; irr cclc tlrrr rrrrnrl, clc ru votr( crr pxrtidctcaflrrte in :rcordcrr inrlcxrrl prcclispoziliilor lor politicc.l):rcJrtr'crn irr vcdcrc luptrrlc:I nrrnrilrrrl \,otallilor clre i;;ischinrb:l partidtrlnu csrc nr:rrc, ciliclc nu sunt spcctircrrloasc. Inrpgrtant

l'uUata | /41 pc ao l i t i c d i e v i l ll l n r r r t c p i ,o t a t l { ir l n e ic a m p i t n i v : r i r ,c i s t c l r r p t r r l c ir , l c - r lrt t n g r tu ll)l), prin intcrnrctlirr ( r r r c( )( L : r p r c r l i s p o z , i li in i . f c l t r lr c c s t r ri , ndircct, propriilc ()irtlprrrilc prollrirrl clcct()rltt. pc durltr cattll):lnici i5i rct ttpcrcrtz.:l prrrririt.lc xtrigitr(l (rcrrlc(lc cclc doild p'lrtide'.lllrcliottiltcn o forl'tr nlflgncticil, politic:c ctr rcclca5ivedcri i;i rcspingiindrt-lc sprc clc pcrso:.tpclc l)c xcclcll ctl l)llrlcte - nrli ficctre grttp tlevinc - incct, dar sigrrr rlc vctlcrc clilcrite.in fclul ucesta, politic. conrlx)rtirlr)cntrrltri olnogclritt tcrtncnii opinici 1;i pi colnlrrrratorii dt:itlcntificlrc.ttttt'trzsdinrrf<rstprcrrttp:t1i l,rtzrrrslcltl l)rrrrl itrc: c:l problcttlrt lrrtlclllirrcsc nccstrol, trlcnfi()rlArl(l prin r:rlt:grrrprrrile tritrttr'lor ultcriorrrc. ncvoic rlc ccrcctlri si rlczvoltrtri cste lcllrczcn(:tt dc cxistctllll $i scnttr'.tllt dc nttt<rri l)rittrtrl rttccrttristtr tstrl ttcrtzic ttn ttott ctt itce lrr intro<lrts /ir/rtihr t/r opiuh. Cctcettrtorii rrctivitirtcrr tlc nrits:l. ttltcrio:tril it c<ltnrtttic:irii lcrtncn, (ilr('\'rl fircc caricr:Iin cercctarcs <liscrrtiilor rccst con('cl)t r('clnto:lltc t'rltlutoreirzil I ,rrz.rrrrlclrl l)c crlrclc-rtitttrci r rA r n c r i c : r . ptltr i n t c l cr c L r t i i l o p r rrhlicc r r r r1 l , .[ J c r n r r vc so , rrsirlcrr r i r r r rc r r rl , l r l u l l t : r r r r r sr . r rt o r r l l r r r r :i r l c c s tl u c r u ,i n t r - u n i lt l i n t r c c : I r l i l cs a l c l t t t t o [ r i t r g r l t f i c c , ltlr nc o l i u r l c rrl l t t l l l c c t ' i t i s cc l t r t c a :rtllrrAirrt cl t c l . l l r i n c l r r s t l l r r i,f i c o r r t l r r i r s rccst tc(t\lcn. Opiilior, li)l()\isc dtcil l,ippttrlrttn rltl l'il/'/i. clriur l .ilrgrnr:rrrrr l , r t l c r i ir l c o p i r t i cs t t t t td c l i n i t i t l r c p t l l c r s o l n c l cc e l c t t u r i: t c t i v c ' l l cg r t t rl-5i t t r ; t li r r c r r c t t P l ts ci < ' c l c si c r r s i l r i lfc i r l ;t l l c i n t c r c s c l c o r r t t t r r$ Drrlrrr i ,' c l cr r r r r tc dc vctlcre in problcnrcde itrtcrcstrt:tigcncritl.(lercct:trcrt crPrrrrrc1rrructclc irrtrclrrirrsrl:r rclcvilt c{ prirna ftrnclic a liderilortle oPirtic estc cca de nulierc l)inI attrncicrr larg rtcceptntil nrcrlirr intre rrr:rss 5i ceilaltirnernbrirrigrrrprrltri. specillizatc. ilrrrtczrr cri indivizii prinrescinlbrrnatiiledinrl <lc lir nrijlorrcele (lcrcctrrrcu lrtl Ilt ttirr l9'1(l'Jrclc\".It crnrplnici prez.identi;rle'.ttncricltnc rrsul)r'J ('il, (lc crl:l ilrlltilt cornplctncglij:rt1:iniIntrtncil trirscu circrrlalic rr infrrrnra;ici, t ' i I s t t t t t t r t t tltc r r t c n l i ct n : t s s nrc<lir , it i r r 1 i t ' r r < ' r :l r ll , c r i it l c o ; l i n i c l c o r d i l n r i r r e si dc opirric prcs:r scrisil cltrc litlcrii t'irrrrl rtlcilc tlc tlin t:lztrrilc turg lrrrrrdio 5i . c i r r r a ir n r r l l i ; r l r i r r r p o ic l t r c s c g n l c r ' r t e ln ct r i l ) u l i n r c t i v c i r l e p o p r r l : r 1 i c(i) p c t ' : t r cl c r ir i r n c s c i n l o r n r r r l iri lri n t l i s c t r l i i l e r r r c r r l r rr i r ig r r r p r r l r p $i contactclc tlitt l i g r r r p r r l r rli),c c i t r a s c r riln f o r r r t a l i cs i c cotttptttte : r r r< r r lri t l c r i it l c o p i r r r c l l l i t l c r i it l c o p i n i ci ; it l c t k r t r tc t u p cp r i r r c i l r r l c d:c l r rr n i j l o r c c l c dc cotnttniclrc A$x de Problernele la rncrnbriigrrrpuluinraiPrrIininteresagi lrrrrt:cpti'r l)rtl)licc. rr ll)Irut tcoril cclor r/oi qn,si ai /uxnlui dr infonnalii, ctre vrt rllilrcil notlrl prrr'.r<|igrrlll irr sttrtlirrI comunicirii tle rnas?|. (lcl tlc-:rfrloilcn ntccartisnr t" s',vr,,rti.rla/i' cstc tttrntit<lc rrrtori ,,lp:rri1i grupulrri,prrtenrirrtllni rrpinii birtc xrticttlntc,(l'rr $i vttrt" opirtiti.irr c:rdrtrl Villa de grtrl)cstc nr:riinrii scntinlc:nt.c vrrgi ll nivclrrlntembrilor. irnprlrtlgitc <lcc<rttextntorrlirtrtril O dirr:rrrric:I tlc intcrlclirrni recipr<rcc. clc torrterrrrsistcrrr ctc. Vixta intcrtril I grtlpttlttt trlctc.c()rrcxirlrri, disctrtii, corrllicte,intcrprctrlri

J42 / tllctrtui.rnr/

tntului

l'o'rlakt

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j r x r c l l r o l t t l l ) c ( : u r co c : r r n l l i r r r i c il joecllPcrrtrrr o l l i r r i i l <c : xistcntc: Pc cclc Ptrtcrr t i c c l c c o t t s o l t t l e : r r z I ,p c c c l c n t : r i s l l l l c , p c c c l c v : r 1 ' ,5 i i r:rrcliirtc crllrtrl sd lc t r a n s l i r r r t r ci r r o p i r r r i u l l : l t c i r r i r c o r u c l u v r r l o r i l cg r r r p r r l r r r c s l ) c ( ' t i v . i n t r - , , c , , n r 1 r a n i cr.r g t c p t i t r i l c clcctor:rtrrlrr i l c g i l t r r r rc in l u l ) i r r t i ( l l rs l a t tc i t n ( l r d : r t r t l c u r c u n l ) c a ; 4 l s I c i i 5 t i g c r c l ) r c z i n t i l c c l m a i c l i s c t r u l ts u l ) i c c t . A i ; 1 ,c c l 1 t u 1 i n , s p r r r rr e z . r r l t r t c l c c c r c c t r l r i i .r \ 9 t ep t ; l r i l c i r r r c g i s t r c a z 5 : li c l c O c v o l r r l i c . [ ) c p i k l r t , itr:rintc<lc rronrrrr:rlizurc o, t r < : i l n ec l i r r t r cr r r l r i c c l i 5 i - : r r r ca ln<lrtl;r1ilor cxprirrrut o p t t t r l p r i v i t o ; t r c l : l c i n c l ; t c l s t i l l : t r r l c l i c r i l c .l ) t r p l l c c r r r n l r i ic : r n r l i , l l t i : r r rf ' o s t ( l r r c l t U a v c ; r uo i t f t c l ) t l t r cc i t < l c c i t c o r ) t U r i t t I c l l r r ( ) s e l r l rl,) t o l ) t ) t l i i lp c r s o : r n c l o r :l scllut l l r t t r r s f c r t 5 i l r r i i r t t i r sc o n s t l l n t r l p c r l t t r : r t l rc i u l l p t l n l c t . l ; l r r c t r r r r ; i , rl ) c c i r r c ( ) l x ) t i t ) r e , l i s t r x : t f t c l ) t l l n l c c s t c m r t i r n l r r c d c c i t c c a I i n t c r r ! i c i c l c v o t p r o p r i r r - z i s c . l l l t : r r v : r r ( r r l f r u r t l r r r n t ' r r t l li t r c r i s t r r l i z . l r c r t ' J $ t c l ) t i l -

rnilrcilt, trtr e trici o irrdoiali, tlc spirittrl Prlll{lnl(ic 5i ertrpirir:'rl cPocii' irtltorlll :r lirst prcrrrrpNt, c11l cstc $i firesc,dc intcrrrcicrcr. tlc vcrific,rtcil cxl)ctilllcllt i t l l u l t r o P r i i l o r r l e s c 0 p e r i r i , n u d e p ( ) l ) l e n t c , c o r e l : t 1 i t5 i r t t r l r l i l r i c i l r c l x ) t l i l , (lc I r s t : l z i ,n e i r l x r n e c c s t r c 5 i C l t i : r rp r c s r r n t e ,( l a t c i l r C a ( r t t t c i l t t t s c l ) l t c l l t t l l t l t i c i ( l e asttl7.i. prioritrtcir. nici dc inrportanta jrrtlccrlli, firl:l tlc I t r r t e r r r l v c i r r c l . e r t , e l ' a l t rt j e c l r a c t c r t t l i r : l n $ i t l l t a l t t n o r ( .) ciltC dc t'tZ.ittttcil ftrll Chirrr :tcordAtil fActtXi, l)tolrlovc:17'l tl ttnlr l)c llgrrrlcrcl p r i v i r c l r r r o l r r l s i l j r r r c f i i l cA r t r p t l l t l i5 i . c o r c l , r t i v ,l r r f r r n c l i i l c n r i l t l l l r r l c l r l c r t r : r s \ rrrcdirr,drrr atlcvirr|1ilc l']c carC cercctlrilc cOlttlusc de l,az.arsltltl lc Prttt irl Irrrnirrl vrrr rrlrlriinccil un rnotnent csen(irl in dcvcnirca 5tiinlci ctrrttttrttctrii (,lhoit po6e reprezenta trll mrnlral, clasic. tlirr iltctr ittstrtrt:tiv, $ i a s t : I z i ,l r c o p h ' s c c i i l r c r c s : t l i d c n r t x l t r l c 1 1 t i i l t l i l S t c r c $ i c t r t l r s c s c l r i r t t l r ; lo p r t r t : r t ( ) r i l)c1t1t politic{. I:tr ccea cc cstc cl:rsic nrt cste (lcl)ilsit. Anl atragc rt(lnliil' itt itccst st c;rtlrrru , s r r p r ; r r n r r il i r p t n ) e l t t i o n i t tt l c l U t r r r i , l ) c c i r t c t l i r c c t ( ) r i id c c l t l l l t l t t t i c i n l ' l r i c ' ( , . . u n c r ) i ip o l i t i c i i r n p l i c a l i i n a l e g e r i i l c t t r r o s cl ) l c " l l ) t t l i n : . . l r r t l r s t r i c t r r l 1940, schirnblrile in intenliile tlc vot irr tinrptrl comPanici atr ft)st nltllt nliri t r c r r r r r i] i rrrici rlccit scIirtrlllrile in intenliilc de y6t trrc llt ilvllt ltx'irt ct'i (:;lltl( l t t Altc cttvinte, irttr<r intcrprct:lrc r(:illis(11, i l t n J t : l t c t . l i t t t r ec r t m p r n i i " . d c s t c Periol<h intrc P : r r r i : tn c l c v i l r a t i l l ) c n t r l l P l r t i ( l c , c a $ i l ) c n t r t l c r r n d i d : r 1 i . i t r t l t l trtitrc clccttlr:tl',1 c l c s(.rUt itiltrilc clcctorrle. i;i ntr intcrvllrrl cxtrctD tJc scttrl r t r r t r cnii ies ir;it cttttt p r o P r i r r - z . i s { .L ) t r 1 t Ic r r m a m m a i s p t t s , d i n l t l t l l t c c e l l l P l n i i . e n t l l l r e l l c c l i c $ i e v a l r r r r r e ,i a r l c c s t a u i l t r i r t . V o t a n t r r l i u e n e v o i e c l c r ' . l g a zp ( l c i n t r e a g ' . rd u r a t i i a m a n d t t u h l i u n e i a d n r i n i s t r a l i i . rlgxz este ofcrir Ascrtirrnel potrivit crlrcia medir ar itlcl tln rol minor in acelsti tlircctie ptlnctul de plccarc pcntrtt noi ('crc('tlrl lx' P t n t c f i r l i s c r r t r r t i .l . ) r rr r c l t r e z e n ( a t l l c c : l s ( i I t c l l l l l c i l r c { l l a d t l s c ( l r c c t t t r i , r e i n t e r l ) r c t i t r i s i c h i l r r r : I s t t t r t t ; l r in l c t c z c i r c s l ) c c t t \ , c . ( ) r l c s c o p e r i r e s e C e r c a J ) r c c i a t : ln t t n t l l n f l i p r i n c c c l t c C r c p r c / i l l l l r : r r .c i , r l c o p r t t r i v ' t r l,x i n c c e i c c d c c l r r n $ c r z . ril; i p t r t r c i t l n r i 5 c : r r c 'l i c 5 i c ; l t c r c l i c l)rirr Lrrzrrrsl'cld, s t i i n t l c o n t u n i c a l r i i i n c e p c s i i t i b a l t r n c o r J r t t st l c t c z c s t a P r c c i c r i l u p d l r t r c n t : r l c d c c r l r c n l l p t t t c n r s ; l l ' l c c t r t i r r n i c i r r n I c l a b s t r i r t : 1 i ct \ r i l

r i l o r i l r c l r r c z i n ( i lt ( ) t i n ( c r c : i r r l I . ) c l t i k l r t ,r r r c r n t r r ilii c c r l r t r i l ) : r r t i dc : r r ca r r i n t c n ; r r d c v o t l r r c c i s c \ ( ) r u v c i l 5 i r r p t c p t i l r i c l u r c i r r l c g r l t r r r dc u c i i l r i l { i t r c a l l c g c r i l o r t l c c l t r c 1 l r o 1 ; r i r rc clrrc rlr iut intcntii dc vot <:l:rrc vor l ln<liriat, :r\aculll pcrs<xrrrclc fi grrrlirr intcrcsrrtc sri-pi fornrcz.c o opinic irr lcgrltrrrilcu cistigrirontl. (-lrr cit i n t c r c s r r l c : r t c r n r r i n t a r c , c u : l t . i i tr c l t t . i i t d i n t r c a g t c p t a r c $ i i n t c n t . i i r d c v o t c s t e lnai strirlsl. l ) c : r r r s a r r b l r r o r l r i n d , r r r l l r r c r r g ia r$ t c l ) t r r i i i r s r r p r i r irrrcn;ici <lc vot cstc " cotttplicutrl fr grcrr rlc dcsci{iirt. l)rrr uccirstl irrllrrctrlrl cxi\trl: ;l$tcl)t:lrilc crr privirc lrr cilrc v:r cipti{ir inl)uen[cil,/.Jvotul cfcctir,. Arrtorii atr cxl)licat acest lbnolncrr in dilcltc l ' c l r r r i :5 t i r i l e t l c s l l r c s a n s c l c r r n r r ic a n d i d : r t s a r ra l r r r l d c a c e $ t r A i l i r c t i v c i r : / . io I prcdispoz.i;ic liltclttil. \rutlnlii sc hot:lrilsc pe jrrmrltate, d.,rr nu att strlicicnt crrr:rj s.l-gi exprirnc rjcschis inten;il tlc vot; li sc prrre nrri l r r t t t l c t r t s J l ) l r n r l I r o t l l r i r c : t l ) c s c : l l n i l t t n c i r r S t c p t : l rlil g ; l r l c c : r r r t l i r l l r r r lr c s p c c t i r , . [ ) l r r i t t t c r P r c t : r r c rc rc : r r r r : rc i o n v i r r l , , i l t r x r rg cr , o t r i v i tl r r i l , : r z a r : : l t l l . c s t c i l ( c c : t c r l ortrtrrrtii r/ort'.rrsrl .fir r/e pntkn rirf icrc" llutur/ttztgot tflut1. ti,slrgtltottt/tti - cccil cc cl u rrtrrrri( .,clectrrl tlc

, 5 i i r t c i r z r r ll r r i l , r r z : r r s l c ' l itn l t , i l n i n r o r r r : rv i c c h c s l : t l r i c i r r r r: cr t ' r i t i c r i :i l c c c : l ( l c : r jtr<lcc;r < ' p c r ar r r a i: r l c sp r i n c c c J c c n r r u r c , p r i n c c c r tc c n r r i r i r l p l i r r i t . s i r r t rp r i r r c c c a c c r t i t t s e r t sc r t r c l l i z r t t c d r r l b i l i l . l.,vidcnfiercrt rolrrlrri politic ul grrrpulrri, a [ r t n c l i i k r r s r t l c i n t t t t r l c l a r c l o p i r t i c i 5 i c o r n p o r t i r n t c n t u l u i ,l ) r o n l o v a r c i u n e l uiz.iuni rnnl>lt l r/i[ntle le.rltrc ltureu/ iufttrnnli', ciltre l)crsoilnclc prrrticrrlare, inarrg t l r t r c i t t t t t c i t t r t i p i t r r t l i g t t t c c o n r t t n i c l l i o t t l l c s t t r r tt l c s c r 4 r c r i r i c l r r c i i v o r u s i g r r r l l r t i L a z : r r s l c l < lt t n l r r ct l c l i r r n t c i r t i s t o r i : r corrrttnicrlrii l. ; i r c s t c c : I ,i r r i r n P u n c r c r llccst()radcvlrttri, Lirzlrrsl'cltp l i c o l l l r o r r t t o r r is : l i n r r a ! ' c a u n i c i r l l g l r z r r l r ,ritr rllcnirclr sJ :rstgttrc 5i irrtcrPrct;iri nllrntrltc irlc propriil r dcsr-.oPeriri.Sccltrs, [)()Jtc, (lc cccrr cc rclcvrscril ccrcctiirilc l)c ctrc lc inil rsc Ai lc conrluscsc,

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