Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
(GIO)
Efecte suprafiziologice/
- Rol cheie in - Afectare toate linii
dezvoltarea schelet celulare os; tinta cheie
- Mentinerea sanatatii = OB si osteocite
osului - Rezistenta osoasa
dependenta de
viabilitatea osteocyte
exces GC
compromisa rapid
de GC
Buehring, 2013; Briot; 2015; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015
Efecte GC responsabile de GIO
absorbtia intestinala Ca
proliferarea & activitate osteoblaste excretia urinara Ca
sinteza colagen & proteine non- sinteza & secretia PTH
colagenice sensibilitatea vitam D & PTH
apoptoza osteoblaste & osteocite Axa hipofizo-
durata de viata & activitatea gonado-
osteoclaste adrenala
gonadrotrofinele hipofizare
sinteza & secretia estradiol &
testosteron
sinteza & secretia androstendion
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Efecte GC exces asupra celule osoase (1)
Exces GC
osteoblaste osteoclaste
osteocite
diferentiere
proliferare diferentierea
functia OB apoptoza
apoptoza OB reorganizarea citoschelet
apoptoza
Wnt proliferarea precursori
circulatia
OPG, RANKL osteoclastogeneza
canaliculara
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Efecte exces GC asupra osteoblaste (3)
- alterarea productei
colagen tip I
- interferarea Wnt
- alterarea compozitiei
- up-reglarea inhibitorilor matrix extracellular
Wnt - Dickkopf-1 sclerostin
- hiperproductie inhibitori
de mineralizare matriciala
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Efecte indirecte exces GC
formarea rezorbtia
osoasa osoasa
absorbtia miopatie
PTH intestinala Ca
excretia renala
masa osoasa Ca
calitatea os forta
riscul fracturar riscul de cadere musculara
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein,
2011, Canalis 2007
Agenda
Patobiologia osteoporozei glucocorticoid-induse
Relatia varsta - risc relativ fractura (>60 ani, RR=26; interval scurt intre
initiere GC si fractura)
IMC <24 Kg/m2
patologia tratatata GC (poliartrita reumatoida, boala inflamatorie
intestinala, polimialgie, boala pulmonara cronica, transplantati) - factor
risc independent
fractura prevalenta, fumat, alcool, istoric familial fracturar sold
Receptorul GC (sensibilitatea individuala la GC reglata de polimorfismul
genei RGC)
cresterea expresiei 11b-HSD1
dozele inalte GC (actuala/ cumulativa/termen lung) - risc fracturar crescut
DMO scazuta la initierea GC
Briok, 2015; Lekamwasam, 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Factori clinici risc inalt GIO
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Factori risc OP si fractura OP in GIO
Specifici GC
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Riscul de fractura in GIO
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
FRAX
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
FRAX in GIO
utilitate controversata
nu ia in considerare doza zilnica actuala si cumulativa
de GC
nu ia in considerare durata terapiei GC
subestimeaza riscul fracturar - DMO la nivel de
sold dar fractura vertebrala >> fractura sold in GIO
Valoare predictive FRAX validate pt fracture
nonvertebrale
Ajustare FRAX raportat la doza GC
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Agenda
Patobiologia osteoporozei glucocorticoid-induse
Recomandari Nivel
evidenta
Exercitiu fizic in incarcare C
Intreruperea fumatului C
Evitarea excesului alcool (>2 unitati/zi) C
Aport nutritional vitamina D si Ca C
Evaluarea riscului de cadere C
Suplimentare calciu 1200-1500 mg/zi si vitamina D A
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Interventii farmacologice ACR/ASBMR in GIO
Medicament Doza, cale administrare Grad Grad
evidenta evidenta
DMO Fractura
Calciu Oral, 1000-1500 mg/zi A -
Vitamina D Oral, 800-1000UI/zi A -
Alendronat Oral, 70 mg/sapt A B
Risedronat Oral, 35 mg /sapt sau 150 A A
mg/luna
Acid zolendronic Iv, 5 mg/ an A -
Teriparatide Sc, 20 g/zi A A
Etidronat Oral, 400 mg zilnic, 2 sapt, la A A
fiecare 3 luni
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Algoritm decizional ACR la femei premeno
si barbati < 50 ani
Conduita terapeutica in functie de fractura de fragilitate
anterioara
Radiografie coloana toracica & lombara
VFA-DXA
In prezenta fracturii de fragilitate anterioare recomandare de
tratament farmacologic
Atentie la bisfosfonati la femeia de varsta fertila (categorie
risc C pe sarcina)
Absenta fracturii anterioare evidente insuficiente pentru
terapia farmacologica
Monitorizare
pacient pe terapie Evaluarea
GC categoriei risc
(FRAX)
Risc inalt*
Risc scazut* Risc mediu* GC <5 mg/zi <1luna:
GC <7.5 mg/zi - NU trat GC <7.5 mg/zi ALN, ALN, RIS, ZLN
farmacologic RIS GC>5 mg/zi <1 luna sau
GC>7.5 mg/zi ALN, GC>7.5 mg/zi ALN, orice doza GC > 1luna:
RIS, ZLN RIS, ZLN ALN, RIS, ZLN,
teriparatide
*pt pacienti cu risc jos sau mediu, recomandarile se refera la durata > 3luni GC
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Algoritm simplificat tratament GIO:
femeie postmeno si barbat > 50 ani
DA < 5-7.5 DA DA DA
>5-7.5 DA DA DA
NU <5-7.5 NU NU* DA
>5-7.5 DA DA DA
Recomandari Nivel
evidenta
DXA la baseline cu evaluari ulterioare seriate a DMO C
Evaluare anuala a nivelului seric 25-hidroxivitamina D C
+ Masurare PINP seric dupa 3 luni de teriparatide
Inaltime initiala si evaluare anuala C
Evaluare fracture de fragilitate prevalente/ incidente C
Evaluare radiologica a fracturii vertebrale SAU DXA-VFA C
(vertebral fracture assessment)
Evaluarea compliantei/aderentei la medicatia anti- C
osteoporotica
American Association of
optional, la pacienti aflati
Clinical Endocrinologists
(AACE)
GC pe termen lung
Bone Mass
Measurement Act >7.5mg/zi, > 3 luni
(BMAA)
Weinstein, N Engl J Med, 2011
Evaluare si monitorizare GIO
DXA lombar
Evaluare
La 6 -12 luni pentru DMO
diagnosticare
DXA lombar
(pierdere 3-10% in
Monitorizarea
primul an de GC)
terapiei
6 luni (GC doze
inalte) 12-16 luni
Briot; 2015; Buehring, 2013;; Grossman, 2010; Henneicke, 2013; Orcel, 2014; Gonzales-Macias 2015; Lekamwasam 2012; Weinstein, 2011
Concluzii
GC exercita efecte multivalente asupra metabolismului osos,
excesul GC determinand supresia formarii & rezorbtie osoasa