BILAN DE MATERIALE MEENTI MARIUS

1.Cantitatea de porumb prelucrat pe or este:

=1000 + 20 n

unde n=15

=1000 + 20 15

=1300 tone porumb/an

2.Debitul prelucrat pe ora este:

D0

1300 1000
300 24

1300000
7200

180,55 kg/h

3.Umiditatea porumbului: u%=10,8+0,1n

u%=10,8+0,115=12,3%

4.Amidonul

a%=56,6+0,115=58,1%

a%=56,6+0,1n

5.Impuritaile

ip%=2%

6.Substana uscat

su%=100-(u+a+ip)

su%=100-(12,3+58,1+2)=27,6%

1.RECEPIE
P1=0,001D0
D0=180,55
kg/h

RECEPIE

P1=0,001180,55=0,18055 kg/h
D0=D1+P1
D1=D0-P1=180,55-0,18055
D1 =180,36945 kg/h

P1=0,1%
P1=0,18055 kg/h

D1=180,36945
kg/h

2.DEPOZITARE
P2=0,001D1

D1=180,36945kg/h

P2=0,001180,36945=0,18036945 kg/h
D1=D2+P2

DEPOZITARE

D2=D1-P2=180,36945-0,18036945
P2=0,1%
P2=0,18036945 kg/h

D2=180,1890 kg/h

D2=180,1890 kg/h

3.TRANSPORT
D2=180,1890kg/h

P3=0,001D2
P2=0,001180,1890=0,1801890 kg/h

TRANSPORT
P3=0,1%
P3=0,1801890 kg/h

D2=D3+P3
D3=D2-P3=180,1890-0,1801890

D3=180,008 kg/h

D3=180,008 kg/h

4.PRECURIRE
D3=180,008kg/h

P4=0,001D3
P4=0,001180,008=0,18008 kg/h

PRECURIRE

Dprec=2% (D3-P4)=0,02179,82792
Dprec=3,5965 kg/h

P4=0,1%
P4=0,180008 kg/h

D4=176,2314 kg/h

Dprec=3,5965 kg/h
D4=D3-P4-Dprec=176,2314 kg/h

Compoziia nainte de precurire

u=12,3%
a=58,1%
ip=2%
s.u=27,6%
Compoziia dup precurire
u =

,
(

= 12,551%

58,1 100
= 59,285%
(100 2)
=

,
(

= 28,163%

5.CNTRIRE
D4=176,2314 kg/h

CNTRIRE
P5=0,1%
P5=0,1762314 kg/h

P5=0,001D4
P5=0,001176,2314=0,1762314 kg/h
D4=D5+P5
D5=D4-P5=176,2314-0,1762314
D5=176,0551 kg/h

D5=176,0551 kg/h

6.MCINARE
D5=176,0551 kg/h

MCINARE
P6=0,2%
P6=0,3521102 kg/h

D6=175,7029 kg/h

P6=0,002 D5
P6=0,002 176,0551=0,3521102 kg/h
D5=D6+P6
D6=D5-P6=176,0551-0,3521102
D6=175,7029 kg/h

7.FLUIDIZARE
D6=175,7029 kg/h

ABUR Ab7

FLUIDIZARE

D7=1054,04169 kg/h

P7=0,1%
P7=0,1757029 kg/h

P7=0,001D6
P7=0,001175,7029
P7=0,1757029 kg/h
Ab7=5D6=5175,7029
Ab7=878,5145 kg/h
D6+ Ab7=D7+P7
D7=D6+ Ab7-P7
D7=1054,04169 kg/h

Compoziia nainte de fluidizare:

u=12,551%

a=59,285% s.u=28,163%

100 kg....12,551....28,163....59,285
175,7029 kg.......u............s.u..............a
u=22,0524 kg
s.u=49,4832 kg
a=104,1654 kg
Debit la evacuare
878,5145+pierderi de faz
Debitevacuare abur= Ab7+u=878,5145+22,0524=900,5669 kg/h
Compoziia la evacuare:
1054,04169 kg/h....900,5669....49,4832...104,1654
100...............u................s.u.............a
u=85,43%
s.u=4,70%
a=9,90%

8.RCIRE LA 55
D7=1054,04169 kg/h

RCIRE LA 55

P8=0,1%
P8=1,0540 kg/h

P8=0,001D7
P8=0,0011054,04169
P8=1,0540 kg/h
D8=D7-P8=1052,9877 kg/h

D8=1052,9877 kg/h

9.ZAHARIFICARE

D8=1052,9877 kg/h

ZAHARIFICARE
P9=0,1%
P9=1,0529877 kg/h

D9=1051,9347 kg/h

Compoziia nainte de zaharificare:

u=85,43%
s.u=4,70%
a=9,90%
100 kg.....85,43.....4,70.....9,90
1051,9347 kg.....u...........s.u..........a
u=898,6678 kg/h
s.u=49,44 kg/h
a=104,1415 kg/h

(C6H10O5)n +nH2O

nC6H12O6

P9=0,001D8
P9=0,0011052,9877
P9=1,0529877 kg/h
D8=D9+P9
D9=D8-P9=1052,9877-1,052,9877
D9=1051,9347 kg/h

100........90
104,1415........x

= 93,7273

/ -amidon trecut n zahr

104,1415-93,7273=10,4142 kg/h-amidon nereacionat

Zahr format z=104,1415 kg/h
Apa din reacie: 10,4142 kg/h
Iniial avem:
1051,9347....898,6678....104,1415....49,44
n reacie avem:
104,4142 kg/h ap....93,7273kg/h amidon....104,1415 kg/h zahr
n final avem:
ap 898,6678-10,4142=888,2536 kg/h
amidon 104,1415-93,7273=10,4142 kg/h
Compoziia dupa fluidizare
1051,9347 kg/h...888,2536 kg/h ...10,4142 kg/h...49,44 kg/h...104,1415kg/h
100 kg.............u%.....................a%.................su%..............z%

100 888,2536
100 10,4142
= 84,4399% =
= 0,9900%
1051,9347
1051,9347

100 49,44
100 104,1415
= 4,6702% =
= 9,8999%
1051,9347
1051,9347
u=84,4399%
a=0,9900%
s.u=4,6702%
z=9,8999%

10.RCIRE LA 30
D9=1051,9347 kg/h

RCIRE LA 30
P10=0,1%
P10=1,0519347 kg/h

P10=0,001D9
P10=0,0011051,9347
P10=1,0519347 kg/h
D9=D10+P10
D10=D9-P10=1051,9347-1,0519347
D10=1050,8827 kg/h

D10=1050,8827 kg/h

11.NSMNARE
D10=1050,8827 kg/h

NSMNARE
P11=0,1%
P11=1,0508827 kg/h

D11=1049,8318 kg/h

P11=0,001D10
P11=0,0011050,8827
P11=1,0508827 kg/h
D10=D11+P11
D11=D10-P11=1050,8827-1,0508827
D11=1049,8318 kg/h

12.RCIRE LA 20
D11=1049,8318 kg/h

RCIRE LA 20

P12=0,1%
P12=1,0498318 kg/h

D12=1048,7819 kg/h

P12=0,001D11
P12=0,0011049,8318
P12=1,0498318 kg/h
D11=D12+P12
D12=D11-P12=1049,8318- 1,0498318
D12=1048,7819 kg/h

13.FERMENTARE
D12=1048,7819 kg/h

FERMENTARE
P13=0,1%
P13=1,0487819 kg/h

D13=1047,7331 kg/h

P13=0,001D12
P13=0,001=0,0011048,7819
P13=1,0487819 kg/h
D12=D13+P13
D13=D12-P13=1048,7819-1,0487819
D13=1047,7331 kg/h

Compoziia nainte de fermentare:

u=84,4399%
a=0,9900%
s.u=4,6702%
z=9,8999%
100 kg......84,4399.....0,9900.....4,6702.....9,8999
1047,7331kg............u...............a............s.u..............z
1047,7331 84,4399
= 884,7047
100

1047,7331 0,9900
= 10,3725
100

1047,7331 9,8999
= 103,7245
100

Reacia de fermentare
180

C6H12O6
93,3520

1047,7331 4,6702
= 48,9312
100

246

244

C2H5OH + 2CO2
x

100......90
103,7245.......x
=

103,7245 90
= 93,3520
100

/ zahr reacionat

103,7245-93,3520=10,3725 kg/h zahr nereacionat

180kg zahr....246 kg alcool....244 kg CO2
93,3520 kg zahr....x kg alcool.........y kg CO2
=

93,3520 92
= 47,7132
180

93,3520 88
= 45,6387
180

Amestecul de CO2 intrat la fermentare se va elimina

D13=D13-m

=1047,7331-47,6387=1002,0944 kg/h

Compoziia dup fermentare :

1002,0944 kg/h.....884,7047kg/h u
100.............u%
%=

100 884,7047
= 88,2855%
1002,0944

1002,0944 kg/h.....10,3725 kg/h a

100.............a%

%=

100 10,3725
= 1,0350%
1002,0944

1002,0944 kg/h.....48,9312 kg/h s.u

100.............s.u%
. %=

100 48,9312
= 4.8828%
1002,0944

1002,0944 kg/h.....10,3725kg/h z
100.............z%
100 10,3725
%=
= 1,0350%
1002,0944
1002,0944 kg/h.....47,7132 kg/h alcool
100.............alc%
100 47,7132
%=
= 4.7613%
1002,0944
Din fermentare rezult 45,6387 kg/h CO2 care n condiii normale ocup un
volum Vcn
=

22,42

45,6387
44

= 23,2549

/ = 23254,9213 /

La 20 i p=100 atm volumul de CO2 va fi calculat cu relaia:

23254,9213

273,15 + 20
100
273,15

23254,9213 1,073 100 = 249,5253

(20

i p=100 atm)

Se consider c la 20 i p=100 atm CO2 se mbuteliaz n recipiente cu

volume de 50 de litri.Numrul de recipiente obinute pe or va fi:

249,5253
= 4,9905 5
50

14.DISTILARE
D13=1047,7331 kg/h

DISTILARE
P14=0,1%
P14=1,0020 kg/h

Dborhot

D14=1001,0924 kg/h

P14=0,001D13
P14=0,0011002,0944
P14=1,0020 kg/h
D13=D14+P14
D14=D13-P14=1002,0944-1,0020
D14=1001,0924 kg/h

Compoziia nainte de distilare:

% = 88,2855%
% = 1,0350%
. % = 4.8828%
% = 1,0350%
% = 4.7613%
Dup etapa de distilare n amestec va rmne doar alcool i ap iar restul
elementelor ( a,s.u i z) trec n borhot.Acesta conine 90% ap i 10% a,z i s.u
100 kg...88,2855...1,0350...4,8828...4,7613...10350
1001,0924 kg......u.............a.............s.u..........alc.........z

1001,0924 88,2855
= 883,8194
100

1001,0924 1,0350
= 10,3613
100

1001,0924 4,8828
= 48,8813
100

1001,0924 4,7613
= 47,6650
100

1001,0924 1,0350
= 10,3613
100

n borhot trec 10,3613 kg a ;10,3613 kg z i 48,8813 kg s.u

Mborhot=69,6039 kg
100 kg borhot....10 kg componente....90 kg ap
y kg borhot....69,6039 kg comp. .....x kg ap
=

69,6039 100
= 696,0390
10
=

69,6039 90
= 626,4351
10

Borhotul va conine: 626,4351 kg/h u

10,3613 kg/h a =696,0390 kg/h borhot
10,3613 kg/h z
48,8813 kg/h s.u
696,0390 kg borh...626,4351 kg u...10,3613 kg a...10,3613 kg z...48,8813kg s.u
100 kg borh...........u....................a.......................z......................s.u
%=

626,4351 100
= 90%
696,0390

%=

10,3613 100
= 1,4886%
696,0390

%=

10,3613 100
= 1,4886%
696,0390

. %=

48,8813 100
= 7,0227%
696,0390

n alcoolul obinut dup distilare va rmne:

883,8194-626,4351=257,3843 kg/h ap
47,6650 kg/h alcool

Cantitatea total de amestec dup distilare:

257,3843 +47,6650 =305,0493 kg/h
305,0493 kg/h amestec....257,3843 kg/h ap....47,6650 kg/h alcool
%=

100 257,3843
= 84,3746%
305,0493

%=

100 47,6650
= 15,6253%
305,0493

Debitele rezultate n etapa de distilare sunt:

D14=305,0493 kg/h
Dborhot=696,0390 kg/h
15.RAFINARE
D14=305,0493 kg/h

RAFINARE
P15=0,1%
P15=0,3050 kg/h

D15=49,6012 kg/h

Drafinare

P15=0,001D14
P15=0,001305,0493
P15=0,3050
Drafinare=D14-P15
Drafinare=305,0493-0,3050
Drafinare=304,7443 kg/h

100 kg soluie alcoolic prelucrat....84,3746% u....15,6253% alcool

304,7443 kg sol.alc.prelucrat.....................x kg u...............y kg alcool
=

304,7443 84,3746
= 257,1267
100

304,7443 15,6253
= 47,6172
100

/ ap

100 kg /h alcool rafinat....4 kg/h ap....96 kg/h alcool

x kg/h alcool rafinat .........y kg/h ap....47,6172 kg/h alcool

47,6172 4
= 1,9840
96

47,6172 100
= 49,6012
96

Dreziduu=257,1267-1,9840=255,1426 kg/h ap
D15=49,6012 kg/h alcool rafinat

16.STOCARE

D15=49,6012 kg/h

STOCARE
P16=0,1%
P16=0,0496012 kg/h

P16=0,001D15
P16=0,00149,6012
P16=0,0496012 kg/h
D15=D16+P16
D16=D15-P16=49,6012-0,0496012
D16=49,5515 kg/h

D16=49,5515 kg/h

17.MBUTELIERE
D16=49,5515

MBUTELIERE
P17=0,1%
P17=0,0495515 kg/h

D17=49,5019 kg/h

P17=0,001D16
P17=0,00149,5515
P17=0,0495515 kg/h
D16=D17+P17
D17=D16-P17=49,5515-0,0495515
D16=49,5019 kg/h

18.DEPOZITARE

D17=49,5019 kg/h

DEPOZITARE
P18=0,1%
P18=0,0495019 kg/h

D18=49,4523 kg/h

P18=0,001D17
P18=0,00149,5019
P18=0,0495019 kg/h
D17=D18+P18
D18=D17-P18=49,5019-0,0495019
D16=49,4523 kg/h

19.LIVRARE
D18=49,4523 kg/h

LIVRARE
P19=0,1%
P19=0,0494523 kg/h

D18=49,4028 kg/h

P19=0,001D18
P19=0,00149,4523
P19=0,0494523 kg/h
D18=D19+P19
D19=D18-P19=49,4523-0,0494523
D16=49,4028 kg/h

Numrul de sticle(de 0,5 l):

Nr. sticle =

49,4028
= 98,8056 99 sticle de 0,5 l/h
0,5

BILAN TERMIC
Clduri specifice:
Cp(u)=4 kj/kgK
Cp(a)=5 kj/kgK
Cp(s.u)=3 kj/kgK
Cp(z)=2 kj/kgK
Cp(alc)=2,5 kj/kgK
1.FLUIDIZARE

D6=175,7029 kg/h
T =20
FLUIDIZARE

P7=0,1757029 kg/h
T =20
Compoziia nainte de fluidizare
u6=12,551%
a6=59,285%
s.u6=28,163%

Qi=Qe
Qi=Q

+Q

Qe=

=D6 Cp

Abur=878,5145 kg/h
hAb=420 kj
TAb=110
PAb=2 atm
D7=1054,04169 kg/h
T =?
Compoziia dup fluidizare
u7=85,43%
a7=9,90%
s.u7=4,70%

 Cp

12,551
59,285
28,163
+ 5
+3
= 4,31118 kj/h
100
100
100
85,43
9,90
4,70
=4
+ 5
+3
= 4,0532 kj/h
100
100
100

=4
Cp

=D6 Cp

(T6-T0)=175,7029 4,31118 (20-0)=15149,7365 kj/h

=D67 Cp

= Ab7 hAb =878,5145 420 =36896,09 kj/h

=P7 Cp

Qe=

Qi=Q

+Q

(T7-T0)= 1054,04169 4,0532 T7 = 4272,2417 T7 kj/h

= 0,1757029 4,3118 20 =15,1497 kj/h

=15,1497

+ 4272,2417 T7

=15149,7365

+368976,09 =384125,8265 kj/h

384125,8265 = 4272,2417 T7

Qi=Qe

T =89,5942

2.RCIRE LA 55

D7=1054,04169 kg/h
T =89,5942
Ap 8.2
T8.2=55

Ap 8.1
T8.1=15

RCIRE LA 55

P8= 1,0540 kg/h

T =89,5943
Cp = Cp =4,0532

D8=1052,9877 kg/h
T =55
Cp = Cp =4,0532

Qi=Qe
Qi=Q
Qe=Q
Q

+Q

+Q

= D7 Cp

. +Q

=384110,6768

kj/h

=Ap8.1 Cp(u) (TAp8.1 -T0)= Ap8.1 4 15 = Ap8.1 60

=Ap8.1 Cp(u) (TAp8.2 -T0)= Ap8.2 4 55 = Ap8.2 220

Q =P8 Cp7 T =1,0540 4,0532 89,5943=382,7533 kj/h

Q

= D8 Cp

Qi=Q
Qe=Q

+Q

=1052,9877

. =384110,6768

+Q

. +Q

4,0532 55 =234738,3360 kj/h

+ 60 Ap8.1

=234738,3360

+ 220 Ap8.2 +382,7533 kj/h

Qi=Qe
384110,6768 + 60 Ap8.1=234738,3360 + 220 Ap8.2 +382,7533
220 Ap8.2 - 60 Ap8.1 = 384110,6768 235121,0893
160 Ap =148989,5875
Ap =148989,5875/160 =931,1849
Ap=931,1849 kg/h ap necesar pentru a rci amestecul de la 90 la 55

3.RCIRE LA 30

D9=1051,9347 kg/h

Cp

= Cp

T =55
Ap 10.2
T10.2=30

RCIRE LA 30

Ap 10.1
T10.1=15

P10= 1,0519347 kg/h

T =55
D10=1050,8827 kg/h
Cp = Cp
Cp = Cp

u9=84,4399%
a9=0,9900%
s.u9=4,6702%
z9=9,8999%

Qi=Qe
Q =Q
Q =Q
Cp

+Ap10.1
.

=4

+Q

+Q

84,4399
0,9900
4,6702
9,8999
+ 5
+3
+2
= 3,7652 kj/h
100
100
100
100

= D10 Cp

=1050,8827 3,7652

30 =118703,5062 kj/h

=Ap10.1 Cp(u) (TAp10.1 -T0)= Ap10.1 4 15 = Ap10.1 60

=Ap10.2 Cp(u) (TAp10.2 -T0)= Ap10.2 4 30 = Ap10.2 120

D9 Cp

=P10 Cp

=1051,9347

3,7652 55 = 217840,9492 kj/h

=1,0519347 3,7652 30 =118,8223 kj/h

Q = Q +Ap10.1 = 217840,9492 + Ap10.1 60

Q = Q
+Q
= Ap10.2 120+118,8223+118703,5062
. +Q
Qi=Qe
217840,9492 + Ap10.1 60 = Ap10.2 120+118,8223+118703,5062
Ap10.2 120 - Ap10.2 120 =217840,9492 -11822,3285
60 Ap10 =206018,6270 Ap10 =206018,6270/60 =3433,6436 kg/h ap necesar
pentru a rci amestecul de la 55 la 30
4.RCIRE LA 20

D11=1049,8318 kg/h
T
Ap 12.2
T12.2=20

=30
RCIRE LA 20

P12= 1,0498318kg/h
T =20

Ap 12.1
T12.1=10

D12=1048,7819 kg/h

Q =Q
Q =Q

+Ap12.1
.

Cp

+Q

= Cp

= Cp

=D11 Cp

= P12 Cp

=1049,8318 3,7652 30=118584,8008 kj/h

T

= 1048,7819 3,7652 20 =78977,4721 kj/h

=1,0498318 3,7652 30 =118,5848 kj/h

=Ap12.1 Cp(u) (TAp12.1 -T0)= Ap12.1 4 10= Ap12.1 40

=37652

=D12 Cp

+Q

=Ap12.2 Cp(u) (TAp12.2 -T0)= Ap12.2 4 20 = Ap12.2 80

Qi=Qe
Q =Q
Q =Q

+Ap12.1=118584,8008 + Ap12.1 40
.

+Q

+Q

= Ap12.2 80 + 118,5848 +78977,4721

Ap12.2 80 - Ap12.1 40 =118584,8008 -79096,0569

40 Ap12=39488,7439 Ap=39488,7439/40=987,2185 kg/h ap necesar pentru a
rci amestecul de la 30 la 20

5.DISTILARE
D13=1002,0944 kg/h
T
Ab=?
h=600 kg/h

=20
DISTILARE

P12= 1,0020 kg/h

Cp
= 3,7652 kg/h
D14=305,0493kg/h
T =80
u14=84,3746 %
alc=15,6253%

Ab=?
h=3100 kg/h
t=110 , p=2 atm
Dbt=696,0390 kg/h
T =80

Compoziia dup fermentare:

% = 88,2855%
% = 1,0350%
. % = 4.8828%
% = 1,0350%
% = 4.7613%
Compoziia borhotului:
% = 90%
% = 1,4886%
% = 1,4886%
. % = 7,0227%
Qi=Qe
Q =Q

+Q

+Q

+Q

+Q

88,2855
1,0350
4,8828
1,0350
4,7613
+ 5
+3
+2
+ 2,5
100
100
100
100
100

Cp

=4

Cp

= 4,8459
Cp

Cp

=Q

=4

90
1,4886
1,4886
7,0227
+ 5
+2
+3
100
100
100
100

= 3,9148

Compoziia dupa distilare:

% = 84,3746%
% = 15,6253%
Cp

= P14 Cp

=Dborhot Cp

Q
Q

=4

= D14 Cp

=h D

84,3746
15,6253
+ 2,5
= 3,7656
100
100

=1,0020 3,7656 20 =75,4626

T

=696,0390 3,9148 80 =217988,2781

=305,0493 3,7656 80 = 91895,4915

= 3100 Ab14

=h D

= 600 Ab14

= D13 Cp

(Q

=1002,0944 4,7613 20 =95425,4413

+Q
+Q
h h

)Q

= 85,81351636

6.RAFINARE

D1=305,0493 kg/h

Ab=?
h=600 kg/h

Ab=?
h=3100 kg/h
t=110

RAFINARE

P15=0,3050 kg/h
D15=49,6012 kg/h
Cp
= 2,5kj/h
T =95
Qi=Qe
Q =Q
Q

+Q

= D14 Cp

=h D

=h D

=Q

+Q

Drez=255,1426 kg/h
CpD15=4 kj/h
T =95

+Q

+Q

=305,0493 3,7656 80 = 91895,4915

= 3100 Ab14

= 600 Ab14

= P15 Cp

=0,3050 3,7656 80 =91,8806

= D15 Cp

=49,6012 2,5 95 =11780,2850

=Drez Cp

= 225,1426 4 95=96954,1880

+
h h

= 6,7723