STUDIU PRIVIND DEZVOLTAREA

ECHILIBRULUI LA VRST POSTPUBERTAR

STUDY CONCERNING EQUILIBRIUMS

DEVELOPMENT AT A POST-PUBERTY AGE

Marius VAIDA1
1
Universitatea Petrol-Gaze din Ploiesti, Romnia
vaidamarius@yahoo.com

Marius VAIDA1
1
Petroleum Gas University from Ploiesti, Romania
vaidamarius@yahoo.com

Cuvinte cheie
dezvoltare, echilibru, vrst post-pubertar

Key words
development,
age

equilibrium,

post-puberty

Abstract
Studiu de fa dorete s demonstreze c i la
vrst adult aceast deprindere motric utilitaraplicativ echilibrul, poate fi mbuntit,
tiindu-se c dezvoltarea acesteia se poate realiza n
toate condiiile de dotare material. Studiul s-a
realizat cu ajutorul a dou teste, testul Matorin i
testul echilibrului cu dispozitivul n form de T i
a fost efectuat pe un eantion de 80 subieci care
pn n momentul experimentului nu au avut o
pregtire specific. Datele rezultate din experiment
ne demonsteaz clar c aceste deprinderi pot fi
perfecionate i la vrst adult, echilibrul fiind una
dintre deprinderile motrice foarte importante pentru
om n general, i pentru sportivi n special.
Din datele prezentate att sub form de tabele
ct i sub form grafic putem concluziona c,
deprinderea motric echilibrul poate fi perfecionat
i la vrst adult doar dac se respect un plan de
pregtire bine conturat, care s aib ca rezultat
perfecionarea organelor de sim.
Dezvoltarea simului echilibrului i al
orientrii n spaiu are ca rezultat creterea nivelului
de pregtire general.
Perfecionarea echilibrului se poate realiza cu
o dotare material minim (bnci de gimnastic,
brne de lemn etc), nefiind necesar aparatur
special, condiia ca aceast deprindere motric
utilitar-aplicativ s poat fi educat este ca
atitudinea corporal din timpul exerciiilor de
echilibru s fie una corect, un rol important avnd
i parcursurile aplicative.
Procesul de instruire trebui s aib ca i
metodologie de lucru creterea continu i
progresiv a complexitii aciunilor motrice,
bineneles respectnd caracteristicile i mijloacele
treptelor de formare, dezvoltare i perfecionare
(educare) a acestora.

Abstract
The present study wants to demonstrate that also at
an adult age this motor skill utilitarian-applied
equilibrium, can be improved, knowing the fact that
its development can be realized in all conditions of
material rigging. The study has been realized with
the help of two tests, the Matorin test and the
equilibrium test with the device in a T shape and
was made on a pattern of 80 subjects that until the
moment of the experiment did not have a specific
training. The resulted data from the experiment
demonstrate us clearly that these skills can be
improved also at an adult age, equilibrium being one
of the motor skills very important for the man in
general and for the athletes in special.
From the presented data both in the form of tables
and graphic one we can conclude that the motor
skill equilibrium can be perfecting also at the adult
age only if a well made training plan is followed, a
plan that has as result the perfecting of sense organs.
The development of the equilibrium sense and of
space orientation has as result the increase of the
level of general training.
Perfecting the equilibrium can be realized with a
minimum material equipment (gym benches,
wooden beam etc.), not being necessary a special
equipment, the condition that this motor utilitarianapplicative skills to be educated is that the body
altitude during the exercises of equilibrium to be a
correct one, an important role being held also by the
applicative routes.
The training process must has as working
methodology the continuous and progressive
increase of the motor actions complexity, of course
respecting the characteristics and means of their
formation, development and perfecting (education)
steps.

Introducere
Mersul n echilibru face parte din grupa
deprinderilor motrice utilitar-aplicative [1,2,3,7].
Dezvoltarea acestei deprinderi se poate realiza n
aproape orice condiii de dotare material.
Dintre obiectivele urmrite n dezvoltarea
echilibrului putem meniona: dezvoltarea reflexelor

Introduction
Equilibrium is part of the utilitarian-applicative
motor skills group [1,2,3,7]. The development of
this skill can be realized almost in every conditions
of material rigging.
Among the followed objects in the equilibriums
development we can mention: the development of

56

de postur i statochinetice, dezvoltarea capacitii

de orientare n spaiu a corpului i segmentelor sale,
dezvoltarea stpnirii de sine, a curajului etc.
Ipoteza de la care am plecat n realizarea
acestui studiu a fost aceea c dac vom folosi
mijloace specifice de dezvoltare a echilibrului n
procesul de pregtire al militarilor, atunci putem s
asigurm un nivel de dezvoltare corespunztor
cerinelor i obiectivelor actuale, chiar dac vrsta
subiecilor este adult.
n literatura de specialitate [4,5,6,8,9] se
scoate n eviden faptul c formarea deprinderilor
motrice reprezint o activitate care este reflex
condiionat i are la baz repetarea interaciunii
dintre diferitele excitaii -vizuale, auditive,
kinestezicie, transmise scoarei cerebrale cu aceeai
intensitate i n aceeai ordine. Etapele prin care se
realizeaz formarea i perfecionarea (educarea)
acestei deprinderi motrice sunt: etapa de
familiarizare cu actul motric, etapa nvrii
segmentare sau analitice, etapa organizrii i
sistematizrii, etapa sistematizrii i automatizrii
i etapa perfecionrii.
Materiale i metode
Studiul de fa s-a desfurat pe o perioad de
un an universitar (2009-2010) la Universitatea
Petrol Gaze din Ploieti, i s-a realizat pe un
numr de 80 de studeni, 40 de biei i 40 de fete,
studeni n anul I , mprii n patru grupe, dou
experimentale formate din cte 20 de studeni (20 de
biei i 20 de fete), alei aleatoriu, i dou grupe de
control formate tot din 20 de studeni (20 de biei i
20 de fete), alei prin acelai criteriu ca cei din
grupele experimentale.
Subiecii din grupele experimentale au folosit
mijloace specifice perfecionrii deprinderii motrice
- echilibrul n fiecare lecie, pe cnd cei din grupele
de control au parcurs orele de educaie fizic
conform programei existente.
S-a procedat la efectuarea a dou probe
(teste), i anume: testul Matorin i
testul
echilibrului cu dispozitivul n form de T. Cele
dou probe (teste) sunt prezentate mai jos:
Testul de echilibru (Ech) prin aceast
prob se msoar capacitatea de meninere a
echilibrului pe un dispozitiv n form de T care
este aezat invers. Acest dispozitiv are placa
vertical cu nlimea de 4 cm., limea de 2 cm. i
lungimea de 61 cm., i placa orizontal cu lungimea
de 61 cm. i limea de 35 de cm. Subiectul se urc
pe un picior pe dispozitiv (avnd minile pe olduri)
i caut s se menin ct mai mult timp posibil n
echilibru pe dispozitiv (figura 1). Este cronometrat
timpul pn cnd subiectul atinge solul cu piciorul
liber, ridic minile de pe olduri sau cade de pe
dispozitiv. Este exprimat n secunde i se realizeaz
att pentru piciorul stng ct i pentru cel drept.

57

the reflexes of posture and static-kinetics, the

development of the orientation in space capacity and
of its segments, the development of self-possession,
of courage etc.
The hypothesis from which started in realizing this
study was the one that if we use the means specific
to the equilibriums development in the training
process of the militaries, than we can assure a
development level according to the requests and
actual objectives, even if the subjects age is an
adult one.
In the specialty literature [4,5,6,8,9] we can point
out the fact that forming motor skills represents an
activity that is a conditioned reflex and has at its
base the repetition of interaction between the
different excitations visuals, auditory, kinesthetic,
transmitted to the cortex with the same intensity and
in the same order. The steps through which the
formation and perfecting (education) of this motor
skills are realized, are: the familiarization step with
the motor act, the segmentary and analytical
learning step, the organization and systematization
step, the systematization and automatization step
and the perfecting step.
Materials and methods
The present study has been developed on a period of
one university year (2009-2010) at the Petroleum
Gas University from Ploiesti and has been realized
on a number of 80 students, 40 boys and 40 girls,
students in the first year, divided in four groups, two
experimental ones formed of 20 students (20 boys
and 20 girls), chosen randomly, and two control
groups formed of also 20 students (20 boys and 20
girls) chosen by the same criterion as the
experimental groups.
The subjects from the experimental groups have
used the means specific to perfecting the motor
skills equilibrium in every class, while the ones
from the control groups have made the physical
education classes according the existent program.
The experiment was developed by making two tasks
(tests), that is: the Matorin test and the equilibrium
test with a device in a T shape. The two tasks
(tests) are presented below:
The equilibrium test (Ech) through this
task we measure the maintaining capacity of the
equilibrium on a device in a T shape that is
inverted. This device has the vertical board with the
height of 4 cm, width of 2 cm and length of 61 cm,
and the horizontal board with the length of 61 cm
and the width of 35 cm. The subjects steps with one
foot on the device (having his hand on his hips) and
looks to maintain as long as possible in equilibrium
on the device (figure 1). The time is timed until the
subject reach the ground with the free foot, lifts his
hand from his hips or falls from the device. It is

expressed in seconds and is realized both for the left

and right feet.

Figura 1. Dispozitiv n form de T pentru

msurarea capacitii de meninere a echilibrului
Testul Matorin acest test este realizat n
scopul determinrii coordonrii generale ale
subiecilor i orientrii n spaiu a acestora. Aceast
prob const n efectuarea unei srituri cu
desprindere de la sol i ntoarcere n jurul propriei
axe longitudinale, ncercnd s realizeze ct mai
multe rotaii n jurul acestui ax.
Testul se realizeaz trasndu-se o linie de
35 cm pe sol, orientat pe direcia nord-sud,
subiectul stnd cu tlpile de-o parte i de alta a
acestei linii. Se execut cte dou srituri spre
stnga i tot attea spre dreapta notndu-se cea mai
bun pentru fiecare parte. Se cere ca subiecii s nui piard echilibrul n timpul testului, s aterizeze n
aproximativ acelai loc i n aceeai poziie ca i cea
de plecare. Valoare rotaiei se msoar n grade cu
ajutorul busolei.
Metodele utilizate n realizarea acestui
studiu au fost: metoda studiului bibliografic, metoda
msurtorilor
i
nregistrrilor,
metoda
experimental, metoda statistico-matematic i
metoda grafic.
Indicatorii statistico-matematici care au stat
la baza prelucrrii datelor au fost urmtorii: media
aritmetic, mediana, limita superioar (xmax), limita
inferioar
(xmin), cuartilele, amplitudinea (W),
abaterea medie ptratic (S) i coeficientul de
variabilitate (Cv).
Pe parcursul experimentului au fost folosite o
serie de mijloace specifice perfecionrii
echilibrului, care au avut urmtoarea metodologie
de lucru:
micorarea treptat a bazei de sprijin.
mrirea gradului de instabilitate a
aparatului.
nlarea treptat a suprafeei de sprijin.
schimbarea direciei de deplasare n
echilibru
efectuarea unor sarcini motrice n timpul
deplasrii n echilibru.
De asemenea, au fost folosite i parcursuri
aplicative care conineau exerciii de echilibru. n
cadrul experimentului s-au folosit att exerciii
statice ct i dinamice dintre care amintim:

58

Figure 1. The device in a T shape for measuring

the maintaining capacity of the equilibrium
The Matorin test this test is realized in
the purpose of determining the general coordination
of the subjects and their orientation in space. This
task consists in making a jump with lifting from the
ground and turning around ones own longitudinal
axe trying to realize as many rotations as possible
around this axe.
The test is realized by drawing a line of 35 cm on
the ground, orientated on the north-south direction,
the subjects standing with this soles on one side and
the other of this line. Runs two jumps left and right
as many noting the best for each part. It is required
that the subjects do not loose the equilibrium during
the test, to land in approximately the same place and
in the same position as the start one. The rotation
value is measured in degrees with the compasss
help.
The used methods in realizing this study have been:
the bibliographic study method, the measurements
and recording method, the experimental method, the
statistic-mathematical method and the graphic
method.
The statistic-mathematical indicators that were at
the base of the data processing have been the
following: the arithmetic mean, the median, the
superior limit(xmax), the inferior limit (xmin), the
quartiles, the amplitude (W), the quadratic deviation
mean (S) and the variability coefficient (Cv).
Across the experiment a series of means specific to
the equilibriums perfecting have been used, that
had the following working methodology:
the gradual increase of the support base.
the increase of the instability level of the
device.
the gradual raising of the support surface.
changing the movement direction in
equilibrium.
making certain motor tasks during the
movement in equilibrium.
Also, applicative routes have been used that
contained equilibrium exercises. During the

Exerciii statice
stnd pe un picior pe sol cu cellalt n
diferite poziii;
stnd pe un picior pe banca de gimnastic
(i pe banca de gimnastic ntoars invers-pe partea
ngust), cellalt picior ntins nainte (lateral, napoi
etc), braele ntinse lateral;
cumpna pe un picior pe sol i pe banca de
gimnastic cu ducerea braelor lateral (sus, napoi
etc);
stnd pe sol (banca de gimnastic) ridicare
pe vrfuri i meninere 10-15 sec.;
stnd pe omoplai cu braele ntinse oblic pe
sol, ridicarea picioarelor la vertical i meninere 15
sec. etc;
Exerciii dinamice
mers pe o linie trasat pe sol;
mers n poziie ghemuit cu faa sau cu
spatele spre direcia de deplasare cu braele n
diferite poziii;
mers pe banca de gimnastic cu micarea
braelor;
mers pe partea lat i ngust a bncii de
gimnastic cu aruncarea i prinderea unei mingii (cu
transport de greuti);
mers pe partea ngust a bncii, pe vrfurile
picioarelor;
alergare controlat cu faa sau cu spatele pe
banca de gimnastic;
parcursuri applicative, etc.
Rezultate obinute i interpretarea lor
Experimentul realizat este prezentat ca date
statistice, n tabelele 1, 2, 3 i 4 unde sunt prezentate
calculele statistice ale valorilor initiale si finale ale
testului Matorin i a testului de echilibru pentru cele
dou grupe (experimental i de control), pentru
biei i pentru fete, att pentru partea dreapt
(Dr.) testul Matorin (sau piciorul drept - testul de
echilibru) ct i pentru partea stng (St.) (sau
piciorul stng).

experiment both static and dynamic exercises have

been used among which we remember:
Static exercises
standing on one foot on the round and with
the other on in different positions;
standing on one foot on the gym bench
(and the gym bench reversed the on narrow side),
the other foot laid forward (lateral, backwards etc),
the arms stretched laterally;
balance on one foot on the ground and on
the gym bench with leading the laterally arms (up,
backwards etc.);
standing on the ground (gym bench),
lifting the tips and maintaining 10-15 sec;
standing on the shoulders with the arms
stretched obliquely on the ground, lifting vertically
the feet and maintaining 15 sec. etc.
Dynamic exercises
walking on a line drawn on the ground;
walking in squatter position with the face
and back towards the movement direction with arms
in different positions;
walking on the gym bench with the
movement of the arms;
walking on the wide and narrow side of
the gym bench with throwing and loosing the ball
(with weight transport);
walking on the narrow side of the bench,
on the tip of the toes;
controlled running with the face or back
on the gym bench;
applicative routes etc.
Results and discussions
The realized experiment is presented as the statistic
data, in tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 where are presented the
statistic calculations of the initial and final values of
the Matorin test and of the equilibrium test for the
two groups (experimental and control), for the boys
and girls, both for the right side (Dr.) the Matorin
test (or the right foot the equilibrium test) and on
the left side (St.) (or the left foot).

Tabelul 1. Valorile statistice calculate ale testului Matorin - biei

Grupa experiment
Grupa control
TI
TF
TI
TF
Numr
20
20
20
20
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
Media aritmetic
237,2
226
268,2 263,2 231,2 224,5 248,5 235,5
Minima
200
180
230
225
180
185
195
200
Maxima
280
270
315
300
280
250
340
260
Amplitudinea
31
37,25
17,25
11
Mediana
225
227,5 262,5 262,5
230
227,5
245
237,5
233,7
Lawer quartile
220
203,7 248,7
250
220
215
225
5

59

Upper quartile
Abaterea standard
Coefic. de
variabilitate

Numr

260
24,73

250
25,57

291,2
25,40

281,2
20,91

241,2
23,72

240
17,91

260
31,37

246,2
16,85

10,42

11,31

9,470

7,946

10,25

7,977

12,62

7,15

Tabelul 2. Valorile statistice calculate ale testului Matorin fete

Grupa experiment
Grupa control
TI
TF
TI
TF
20
20
20
20
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.

Media
aritmetic
Minima
Maxima
Amplitudinea
Mediana
Lawer quartile
Upper quartile
Abaterea
standard
Coefic. de
variabilitate

220

225,25

248,7

255,7

226,5

231,2

237,75

247

170
260
28,75
220
207,5
231,25

180
250
30,5
230
213,75
241,25

190
295

220
290

215
305

255
243,7
275

185
290
15,75
237,5
208,7
246,2

195
300

250
238,7
256,2

180
280
11,25
217,5
210
246,2

235
215
250

242,5
230
261,25

21,02

21,55

22,47

21,35

28,84

29,23

28,99

24,13

9,55

9,56

9,03

8,34

12,73

12,64

12,19

9,77

Tabelul 3. Valorile statistice calculate ale testului de echilibru biei

Grupa experiment
Grupa control
TI
TF
TI
TF
Numr
20
20
20
20
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
Media aritmetic
5,55
6,75
13
14,6
5,6
6,05
7,35
7,9
Minima
3
3
8
7
3
2
4
4
Maxima
11
18
18
22
16
13
17
15
Amplitudinea
7,45
7,85
1,75
1,85
Mediana
5
6
14
15
5
5,5
7
7
Lawer quartile
4,75
4
10,75
13
3,75
3
5,75
5
Upper quartile
6
8
15
16
6
8
8
8,25
Abaterea standard
1,82
3,86
2,83
3,27
2,94
3,17
2,94
3,30
Coefic. de
32,79 57,25 21,75 22,37 52,59 52,40 40,04 41,86
variabilitate
Tabelul 4. Valorile statistice calculate ale testului de echilibru fete
Grupa experiment
Grupa control
TI
TF
TI
TF
Numr
20
20
20
20
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
Media aritmetic
5,35
4,5
11,25 12,65
5,75
6,2
7
8,1
Minima
2
2
6
9
2
2
3
3
Maxima
25
12
25
16
17
15
19
18
Amplitudinea
5,9
8,15
1,25
1,9
Mediana
4
4
10,5
13
5
5,5
5,5
7
Lawer quartile
3
3
9,75
11
3
3
5
5,75
Upper quartile
5,25
5
13
14
7
9
8,25
10
Abaterea standard
4,93
2,164
4,02
1,95
3,66
3,59
3,87
3,71
Coefic. de
92,22 48,09 35,77 15,44 63,80 57,94 55,42 45,82
variabilitate

60

Arithmetic mean
Minimum
Maximum
Amplitude
Median
Lower quartile
Upper quartile
Standard deviation
Variability
coefficient

Table 1. The statistic values calculated of the Matorin test - boys

Experiment group
Control group
TI
TF
TI
TF
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
237,2
226
268,2 263,2 231,2 224,5 248,5
235,5
200
180
230
225
180
185
195
200
280
270
315
300
280
250
340
260
31
37,25
17,25
11
225
227,5 262,5 262,5
230
227,5
245
237,5
220
203,7 248,7
250
220
215
233,7
225
260
250
291,2 281,2 241,2
240
260
246,2
24,73 25,57 25,40 20,91 23,72 17,91 31,37
16,85
10,42

11,31

9,470

7,946

10,25

7,977

12,62

7,15

Table 2. The statistic values calculated of the Matorin test - girls

Experiment group
Control group
TI
TF
TI
TF
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
Arithmetic mean
220
225,2 248,7 255,7 226,5 231,2 237,75
247
Minimum
170
180
190
220
180
185
195
215
Maximum
260
250
295
290
280
290
300
305
Amplitude
28,75
30,5
11,25 15,75
Median
220
230
250
255
217,5 237,5
235
242,5
Lower quartile
207,5 213,7 238,7 243,7
210
208,7
215
230
231,2
Upper quartile
241,2 256,2
275
246,2 246,2
250
261,25
5
Standard
21,02 21,55 22,47 21,35 28,84 29,23
28,99
24,13
deviation
Variability
9,55
9,56
9,03
8,34 12,73 12,64
12,19
9,77
coefficient
Table 3. Statistic values calculated for the equilibrium test - boys
Experiment group
Control group
TI
TF
TI
TF
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
Arithmetic mean
5,55
6,75
13
14,6
5,6
6,05
7,35
7,9
Minimum
3
3
8
7
3
2
4
4
Maximum
11
18
18
22
16
13
17
15
Amplitude
7,45
7,85
1,75
1,85
Median
5
6
14
15
5
5,5
7
7
Lower quartile
4,75
4
10,75
13
3,75
3
5,75
5
Upper quartile
6
8
15
16
6
8
8
8,25
Standard deviation
1,82
3,86
2,83
3,27
2,94
3,17
2,94
3,30
Variability
32,79 57,25 21,75 22,37 52,59 52,40 40,04 41,86
coefficient

Arithmetic mean
Minimum

Table 4. Statistic values calculated for the equilibrium test girls

Experiment group
Control group
TI
TF
TI
TF
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
St.
Dr.
5,35
4,5
11,25 12,65
5,75
6,2
7
8,1
2
2
6
9
2
2
3
3

61

Maximum
Amplitude
Median
Lower quartile
Upper quartile
Standard deviation
Variability
coefficient

25
5,9
4
3
5,25
4,93

12
8,15
4
3
5
2,164

25

16

10,5
9,75
13
4,02

92,22

48,09

35,77

De asemenea, n figurile 2,3,4 i 5 sunt

prezentate diferenele dintre medii la cele dou teste
realizate, pentru biei i pentru fete, att pentru
partea dreapt testul Matorin (sau piciorul drept testul de echilibru) ct i pentru partea stng (sau
piciorul stng).
Din tabelele i figurile prezentate, n urma
analizei i interpretrii indicatorilor statistici putem
scoate n eviden faptul c la ambele probe (teste)
realizate se observ o cretere a performanelor la
grupele experimentale, att la fete ct i la biei. La
testul Matorin, la biei, se observ c progresul
grupei experimentale este de 31o pentru partea
stng i 37,25o pentru partea dreapt, comparativ
cu 17,25o pentru partea stng i 11o pentru dreapta
la grupa de control. Aceeai tendin se observ i la
fete, creterea grupei experimentale fiind de 28,75o
pentru partea stng i 30,5o pentru partea dreapt,
pe cnd la grupa de control creterea a fost de
11,25o pentru partea stng i 15,75o pentru dreapta.
La testul de echilibru creterea grupei
experimentale, la biei, a fost de 7,45 sec. pentru
piciorul stng i 7,85 sec. pentru cel drept,
comparativ cu o cretere de doar 1,75 sec. i 1,85
sec. pentru grupa de control. De asemenea, la fete,
la testul de echilibru, creterea grupei experimentale
a fost de 5,9 sec. pentru piciorul stng i 8,15 sec.
pentru cel drept, n contrast cu creterea relativ mic
a grupei de control care a avut un progres de 1,25
sec. pentru piciorul stng i 1,90 sec. pentru dreptul.
Gradul de omogenitate al datelor este mare i
mediu la testul Matorin, att la biei ct i la fete, i
mediu i slab la testul de echilibru la ambele sexe.

15
1,9
5,5
3
9
3,59

19

18

13
11
14
1,95

17
1,25
5
3
7
3,66

5,5
5
8,25
3,87

7
5,75
10
3,71

15,44

63,80

57,94

55,42

45,82

Also, in figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 are presented the

differences between the means from the two
realized tests, for boys and girls, both for the right
side the Matorin test (or the right foot the
equilibrium test) and for the left side (or the left
foot).
From the presented tables and figures, after the
analysis and the statistic indicators interpretation we
can point out the fact that at the both tasks (tests)
realized we can notice an increase of the
performances at the experimental groups, both at
girls and boys. At the Matorin test, at boys, we can
notice that the progress of the experimental group is
of 31o for the left side and of 37,25o for the right
side, comparative with 17,25o for the left and 11o for
the right side for the control group. The same
tendency is noticed also at girls, the increase of the
experimental group being of 28,75o for the left side
and of 30,5o for the right one, while at the control
group the increase was of 11,25o for the left side and
of 15,75o for the right one.
At the equilibrium test the increase of the
experimental group, at boys, was of 7,45 sec for the
left foot and of 7,85 sec for the right one,
comparative with an increase of just 1,75 sec and
1,85 sec for the control group. Also, at girls, the
equilibrium test, the increase of the experimental
group was of 5,9 sec for the left foot and of 8,15 sec
for the right one, in contrast with a relative low
increase of the control group that had a progress of
1,25 sec for the left foot and 1,90 sec for the right
one.
The homogeneity degree of the data is high and
medium at the Matorin test both at boys and girls
and medium and weak at the equilibrium test for
Concluzii
Avnd la baz experimentul realizat am ajuns both sexes.
la concluzia c ipoteza de lucru este confirmat, fapt
demonstrat de evoluia parametrilor cercetai.
Conclusions
Din datele prezentate att sub form de tabele Having at the base the realized experiment we
ct i sub form grafic putem concluziona c, reached the conclusions that the working hypothesis
deprinderea motric echilibrul poate fi perfecionat is confirmed, fact proved by the evolution of the
i la vrst adult doar dac se respect un plan de researched parameters.
pregtire bine conturat, care s aib ca rezultat From the presented data both in the form of tables
perfecionarea organelor de sim.
and graphic one we can conclude that the motor
Dezvoltarea simului echilibrului i al skill equilibrium can be perfecting also at the adult
orientrii n spaiu are ca rezultat creterea nivelului age only if a well made training plan is followed, a
de pregtire general.
plan that has as result the perfecting of sense organs.

62

Perfecionarea echilibrului se poate realiza cu

o dotare material minim (bnci de gimnastic,
brne de lemn etc), nefiind necesar aparatur
special, condiia ca aceast deprindere motric
utilitar-aplicativ s poat fi educat este ca
atitudinea corporal din timpul exerciiilor de
echilibru s fie una corect, un rol important avnd
i parcursurile aplicative.
Procesul de instruire trebui s aib ca i
metodologie de lucru creterea continu i
progresiv a complexitii aciunilor motrice,
bineneles respectnd caracteristicile i mijloacele
treptelor de formare, dezvoltare i perfecionare
(educare) a acestora.

The development of the equilibrium sense and of

space orientation has as result the increase of the
level of general training.
Perfecting the equilibrium can be realized with a
minimum material equipment (gym benches,
wooden beam etc.), not being necessary a special
equipment, the condition that this motor utilitarianapplicative skills to be educated is that the body
altitude during the exercises of equilibrium to be a
correct one, an important role being held also by the
applicative routes.
The training process must has as working
methodology the continuous and progressive
increase of the motor actions complexity, of course
respecting the characteristics and means of their
formation, development and perfecting (education)
steps.

Bibliografie / References
1. Bompa, T., Dezvoltarea calitilor biomotrice, Edit. Ex Ponto, Bucureti, 2001.
2. Bompa, T., Dezvoltarea calitilor biomotrice - Periodizarea, Ediie i traducere n limba romn, CNFPA,
Edit. Ex Ponto, Bucureti, 2001.
3. Crstea, Gh., Teoria i metodica educaiei fizice i sportului, Editura AN-DA, Bucureti, 2000.
4. Dragnea, A., Msurarea si evaluarea in educaie fizic i sport, Edit. Sport-Turism, Bucureti, 1984.
5. Dragnea, A., Mate - Teodorescu, S., Teoria sportului, Editura Fest, Bucuresti, 2002.
6. Dragnea, A., i colaboratorii, Educaie fizic i sport- Teorie i didactic , Editura Fest, Bucureti, 2006.
7. erbnoiu, S., Teoria educaiei fizice i sportului, Editura Cartea colii, Bucureti, 2000.
8. erbnoiu, S., Metodica educaiei fizice i sportului, Editura Cartea Universitar, Bucureti, 2004.
9. Vaida M., Dulgheru M., Educaia fizic n nvmntul primar Teorie i didactic, Editura Universitii
Petrol-Gaze din Ploieti, Ploieti, 2007.

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